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染色体数目

维基百科,自由的百科全书

本条目罗列若干植物动物寄生生物及其他生物的染色体数目。

物种 学名 二倍体染色体数目 附注
非洲野狗 Lycaon pictus 72[1]
紫花苜蓿 Medicago sativa 32[2] 培植的紫花苜蓿是四倍體,共有2n=4x=32条染色体。野生物種则拥有2n=16条染色体。[2]
美洲獾 Taxidea taxus 32
美洲貂 Martes americana 38
美洲水貂 Neovison vison 30
白耳漁鼠 Anotomys leander 92[3] 與食蟹鼠(Ichthyomys pittieri)並列為染色體數目最高的哺乳動物。
拟南芥 Arabidopsis thaliana 10
大麦 Hordeum vulgare 14[2]
蝠耳狐 Otocyon megalotis 72[1]
菜豆 Phaseolus 22[2] 该属的所有物种之染色體數目相同,包括菜豆荷包豆以及棉豆等。[2]
美洲河狸 Castor canadensis 40
欧亚河狸 Castor fiber 48
石貂 Martes foina 38
孟加拉狐 Vulpes bengalensis 60
欧白英 Solanum dulcamara 24[4][5]
龙葵 Solanum nigrum 72[6]
Moonworts,阴地蕨 Botrychium 90
Nagaho-no-natsu-no-hana-warabi,勁直蕨萁 Botrypus strictus 88 蕨萁同属蕨萁属
蕨萁 Botrypus virginianus 184[7]
甘蓝 Brassica oleracea 18[2] 西兰花卷心菜羽衣甘藍花椰菜苤蓝抱子甘藍等皆属于该种,拥有相同的染色体数目。[2]
大麻 Cannabis sativa 20
鲤鱼 104
卷尾猴 Cebus x 54[8]
Felis catus 38
Gallus gallus domesticus 78
黑猩猩 Pan troglodytes 48 [9]
毛絲鼠栗鼠 Chinchilla lanigera 64 [10]
浣熊 38
棉花 Gossypium hirsutum 52[2] 培育的陆地棉同源四倍体
Bos primigenius 60
郊狼 Canis latrans 78[1]
鹿鼠 Peromyscus maniculatus 48
Cuon alpinus 78
澳洲野犬 Canis lupus dingo 78[1]
Canis lupus familiaris 78[11] 76条常染色体和2条性染色体[12]
海豚 Delphinus delphis 44
驴子 Equus africanus asinus 62
鸽子 78[13] 基于非洲斑鸠英语African collared dove
果蝇 Drosophila melanogaster 8[14] 6条常染色体和2条性染色体
鸭嘴兽 52
蚯蚓 Lumbricus terrestris 36
针鼹 63/64 雄性拥有63条(性染色体为XXY),雌性拥有64条(性染色体为XXXX)
大象 56
加拿大马鹿麋鹿 Cervus canadensis 68
欧亚獾 Meles meles 44
歐洲蜜蜂 Apis mellifera 32 雌性为雙倍體,拥有32条染色体。雄性为單倍體,拥有16条染色体。
欧洲水貂 Mustela lutreola 38
歐洲鼬 Mustela putorius 40
耳廓狐 Vulpes zerda 64[1]
雪貂 Mustela putorius furo 40
木贼 Equisetum arvense 216
肥西貂英语Fisher (animal) 38 一种
馬島獴 Cryptoprocta ferox 42
长颈鹿 Giraffa camelopardalis 62
山羊 60
亚洲胡狼 Canis aureus 78[1]
大猩猩 48
灰狐 Urocyon cinereoargenteus 66[1]
舞毒蛾 62
Hawkweed蒲公英之一种 8
兔子[15][16] 48
非洲猬属 90
猬属 88
七指蕨 Helminthostachys zeylanica 94
Equus ferus caballus 64
Homo sapiens 46[17] 44条常染色体和2条性染色体
酸浆属短毛酸浆 Physalis pubescens 24[18]
鬣狗 40
蹄兔目非洲蹄兔 ?? 蹄兔目被认为是最接近大象的近亲。
食蟹鼠英语Pittier's crab-eating rat Ichthyomys pittieri 92[3] 白耳漁鼠并列为拥有染色体数目最多的哺乳动物。
杰克跳跳蚁英语Jack jumper ant Myrmecia pilosula 2[19] 雌性拥有2条而雄性为單倍體即只有一条染色体。其他蚂蚁物种拥有更多的染色体。[19]
袋鼠 16 包括大袋鼠属下的多种生物,但是不包括红大袋鼠[20]
敏狐小狐狸 50
狮子 Panthera leo 38
长鼻獴 36
玉米 Zea mays 20[2]
鬃狼 Chrysocyon brachyurus 76
芒果 Mangifera indica 40[2]
狐獴 Suricata suricatta 36
蚊子 Aedes aegypti 6[21] 蚊科下的所有物种都拥有6条染色体,除了Chagasia bathana英语Chagasia bathana,它拥有8条染色体。[21]
小鼠 Mus musculus 40
骡子 63 驴马杂交,无法生育。
燕麦 Avena sativa 42[2] 42条是六倍体拥有的染色体数目,也有双倍体和四倍体。[2]
瓶尔小草 Ophioglossum reticulatum 1200或1260 此种蕨类具有已知最多的染色体数目。
人猿 Pongo 48
亞洲小爪水獺 Aonyx cinerea 38
豌豆 Pisum sativum 14[2]
38
家鸽 80
松貂 Martes martes 38
菠萝 Ananas comosus 50[2]
鸭嘴兽 Ornithorhynchus anatinus 52 [22] 拥有10条性染色体
马铃薯 Solanum tuberosum 48[2] 培育的马铃薯是同源四倍體,共有2n=4x=48条染色体。野生物種则拥有2n=24条染色体。[2]
豪猪 Erethizon dorsatum 34 [10]
兔子 44
浣熊 Procyon lotor 38[23]
日本狸日语ホンドタヌキ Nyctereutes viverrinus 42 有些来源指出某些亚种拥有38,54或56条染色体。
Nyctereutes procyonoides 56
萝卜 Raphanus sativus 18[2]
42
欧洲马鹿 Cervus elaphus 68
赤狐 Vulpes vulpes 34[1] 以及额外的3-5个微粒體
小熊猫 36
山羌 Muntiacus reevesi 46
水稻 Oryza sativa 24[2]
獼猴 42[24]
黑麦 Secale cereale 14[2]
紫貂黑貂 Martes zibellina 38
黑马羚 Hippotragus niger 46
Grape ferns,葡萄蕨 Sceptridum 90
海獺 38
银叶茄 Solanum elaeagnifolium 24[25]
绵羊 54
Penaeus semisulcatus 86-92 [26]
粘菌 Dictyostelium discoideum 12 [27]
蜗牛 24
斑臭鼬 Spilogale 64
海星 36
臭鼬 Mephitis mephitis 50
黑尾袋鼠 Wallabia bicolor 10/11 雄性拥有10条染色体,雌性拥有11条染色体。
Nyctereutes procyonoides albus 38
Panthera tigris 38
藏狐 Vulpes ferrilata 36
烟草 Nicotiana tabacum 48[2] 培育的品种是四倍體[2]
火鸡 80 [28]
负鼠 Didelphis virginiana 22[29]
小麦 Triticum aestivum 42[2] 常见的小麦是六倍体,拥有2n=6x=42条染色体,杜兰小麦是四倍体,拥有2n=4x=28条染色体。[2]
白尾鹿 Odocoileus virginianus 70
Canis lupus 78
猛犸象 Mammuthus primigenius 58 已灭绝,染色体数目从冷冻尸身上采样测出。
狼獾 Gulo gulo 42
筆尾獴 Cynictis penicillata 36
酵母酿酒酵母 Saccharomyces cerivisiae 32

参见

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参考资料

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外部链接

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