戈拉尼語
外观
戈拉尼語 | |
---|---|
گۆرانی Goranî | |
母语国家和地区 | 伊拉克及伊朗 |
区域 | 庫爾德斯坦(主要是哈拉曼,以及貝斯加米安和尼尼微省) |
母语使用人数 | 350,000 (2014)[1] |
語系 | |
方言 | 哈拉米語(Hawrami) 沙巴基語[2] 薩利語(Sarli)[2] 巴杰拉尼語(Bajelani)[3] |
語言代碼 | |
ISO 639-3 | hac |
Glottolog | gura1251 [4] |
ELP | |
语言瞭望站 | 58-AAA-b |
戈拉尼語(Gorani 或"哈拉米語"(Hawrami);亦稱"古拉尼語"(Gurani),[2]庫爾德語: گۆرانی (Goranî),為"歌曲"之意)[5]是伊朗西北部庫爾德人所說的語言[6],與扎扎其語共同構成扎扎-戈拉尼語言語群。[2]所有戈拉尼語在詞彙和形態上都受到庫爾德語的影響。[6]戈拉尼語被許多研究人員認為是庫爾德方言。[6][7][8][9]有些人認為它是庫爾德人的文學語言。[10]
戈拉尼語有四種方言:巴杰拉尼語(Bajelani)、哈拉米語(Hawrami)、薩利語(Sarli),以及沙巴基語,戈拉尼語通行於伊拉克與伊朗等國。[2]戈拉尼語的方言之中,哈拉米語是札格羅斯山脈歷史悠久的阿爾達蘭地區庫爾德人的傳統文學語言及自然共通語,[11][12]但此後已被中庫爾德語與南庫爾德語所取代。[13]
註釋
[编辑]- ^ 戈拉尼語于《民族语》的链接(第18版,2015年)
- ^ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 Gurani. Iranica Online. [30 May 2019]. (原始内容存档于2015-11-17).
- ^ Bajalan. Iranica Online. [30 May 2019]. (原始内容存档于2019-02-06).
- ^ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin; Bank, Sebastian (编). Gurani. Glottolog 2.7. Jena: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History. 2016.
- ^ Michael M. Gunter. Historical Dictionary of the Kurds. Rowman & Littlefield. 2018: 127. ISBN 978-1538110508.
- ^ 6.0 6.1 6.2 Michiel Leezenberg. Gorani Influence on Central Kurdish: Substratum or Prestige Borrowing? (PDF). ILLC - Department of Philosophy, University of Amsterdam. 1993 [29 May 2019]. (原始内容存档 (PDF)于2019-07-12).
- ^ G. Tavadze. Spreading of the Kurdish language dialects and writing systems used in the middle east. Bulletin of the Georgian National Academy of Sciences. 2019, 13 (1): 170–174 [30 April 2020].
- ^ Jaffer Sheyholislami. Language Varieties of the Kurds. 2015 [30 April 2020].
- ^ Hossein Hassani; Dzejla Medjedovic. Automatic Kurdish Dialects Identification. Computer Science & Information Technology ( CS & IT ). February 2016: 61–78 [30 April 2020]. ISBN 9781921987489. doi:10.5121/csit.2016.60307
.
- ^ Ara, Behrooz Chaman; Amiri, Cyrus. Gurani: practical language or Kurdish literary idiom?. British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies. 2018-08-08, 45 (4): 627–643 [2021-09-29]. ISSN 1353-0194. doi:10.1080/13530194.2018.1430536. (原始内容存档于2021-01-05).
- ^ Chaman Ara، Behrooz. The Kurdish Shahnama and its Literary and Religious Implications. ISBN 1511523492.
- ^ چمن آرا، ب، درآمدی بر ادب حماسی و پهلوانی کُردی با تکیه بر شاهنامه کُردی، جستارهای ادبی سال چهل و چهارم بهار 1390 شماره 172.[失效連結]
- ^ Meri, Josef W. Medieval Islamic Civilization: A–K, index. p 444
參考文獻
[编辑]- D.N.MacKenzie. The Dialect of Awroman (Hawraman-i Luhon). Kobenhavn. 1966.[1]
參閱
[编辑]外部連結
[编辑]- The Dialect of Awroman( Hawraman-i Luhon) by D.N.MacKenzie
- Ergativity and Role-Marking in Hawrami by Anders Holmberg, University of Newcastle & CASTL and David Odden, Ohio State University
- The Noun Phrase in Hawrami[永久失效連結] by Anders Holmberg, University of Newcastle & CASTL and David Odden, Ohio State University
|
|