Kûn-lūn
Guā-māu
Pang-bô͘:Kûn-lūn Tī sò͘-ha̍k, kûn-lūn (group theory) sī thiu-siōng tāi-sò͘ ê 1 ki hun-ki, choan-tô͘ leh gián-kiù kûn (group). Sò͘-ha̍k tiāⁿ ē ēng kûn lâi piáu-sī 1 ê kiat-kò͘ lāi-té ê tùi-thīn, hō chò chū-tông-kò͘ (automorphism). 1 ê kiat-kò͘ lāi-té ê tùi-thīn tiāⁿ ēng put-piàn-liōng (invariant) lâi piáu-sī; ē-tit pó-chhî put-piàn-liōng ê kè-sǹg ham in ê cho͘-ha̍p ē-tàng chiâⁿ-chò 1 ê tùi-thīn-kûn (symmetry group). Hoān-nā kap tùi-thīn ū tī-tāi ê só͘-chāi, tiāⁿ khoàⁿ ē tio̍h kûn-lūn ê hûn-iáⁿ, pí-lūn kóng bu̍t-lí-ha̍k ham hoà-ha̍k chin chē só͘-chāi tō ū ēng tio̍h kûn-lūn.
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