Bertrand Russell

The fighting in Europe prompted a noted British philosopher and pacifist to trace the “cruel absurdities” that had produced a world war—and to hope for peaceful means to settle future disputes.

Nations must give up their absolute sovereignty over foreign affairs.

Winner of the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1950, BERTRAND RUSSELL, philosopher and mathematician, now in his ninety-first year, has led the forces in Britain that demand an end to nuclear testing. He says and believes that it is later than we think.

What first awakened Mahatma Gandhi to the humiliations imposed by their ”masters“ on “inferior" classes and races? The same problems which stirred Gandhi have long engaged BERTRAND RUSSELL,the English author, philosopher, and mathematician. Earl Russell, who received the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1950, provides the third in our series dealing with the turning points that shaped the lives of famous men.

English author, philosopher, and mathematician, BERTRAND RUSSELL ivent to Stockholm in December, 1950, to receive the Nobel Prize in Literature; in preparation for the reception, he began to think about the motives and aspirations of modern man, and the essay which follows is a development of the speech he made. Earl Russell, to give him the title which he seldom uses, has written on Bolshevism (1920), about which he had no illusions; on Marriage and Morals (1929); on Authority and the Individual (1919); and his latest work. New Hopes for a Changing World, has just been published by Simon and Schuster.

Bertrand Russell calmly examines three foreseeable possibilities for the human race.

“Lenin thought that the world was governed by the dialectic, whose instrument he was; just as much as Gladstone, he conceived of himself as the human agent of a superhuman Power.” In developing the dissimilarities and the points of resemblance in these two great leaders, BERTRAND RUSSELL demonstrates that power of perception and skill in writing which qualified him for the Nobel Prize in Literature. This paper is drawn from his forthcoming hook, Unpopular Essays, which Simon and Schuster will publish in late February.

The most eminent living English philosopher, BERTRAND RUSSELL,was asked to deliver the first Reith Lectures, an endowed series of broadcasts, over the BBC. He chose for his theme the conflict between individual initiative. which is necessary for progress, and social cohesion. which is necessary for survival. From the series, we have selected the third talk as of special interest to Atlantic readers. The collected lectures have just been published by Simon and Schuster under the title Authority and the Individual.