DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

B
N
A
A
R
V
D
K
I
H
B
S
A
I
S
T
I
M
Z
A
C Amit Yadav H
O Department Of Social
Work O
L
Nav Khsitiz College UNIT I T
L
Basic concepts of T
E
social work A
G
R
E
I

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AMIT KUMAR YADAV
 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

B
N BASIC CONCEPT OF SOCIAL WORK A
A
R
V
D
K
I
H
B
S
A
I
S
T
I
M
Z
A
C
H
O
O
L
T
L
T
E
A
G
R
E
I

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 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

Social Welfare
B
N
A
A
R
V
D
K
H
Well-being of the individual and community I
S Everything that men do for the good of society B
A
I
T
An organized concern of all people for all people S
I Help those individuals, who could not fulfill their M
Z
C needs A
H
O An organized provision of resources and services for O
L
the society to deal with social problems T
L
T
E
A
G
R
E
I

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AMIT KUMAR YADAV
 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

Social Welfare
B
N Definition A
A
R
V
K According to National Association of Social Work (NASW) D
I
H “Social Welfare is a nation’s system of programs, benefits and B
S
I
services that help people to meet these social, economic, A
S
T educational and health needs.”
I Encyclopedia of Social Work defines “Social Welfare is an M
Z
organized effort to ensure a basic standard of decency A
C
H
O (Politeness) in relation to the physical and mental wellbeing of O
L
L
the citizens. T
E Social welfare is a system of Laws, programs, benefits and T
A
G services which strengthen or assure provision for meeting R
E
social needs, recognized as basic for the welfare of the I
population and for functioning of the social law. (Elizabeth)
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 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

Social Welfare
Objectives B
N
A
A
R
V
D
K
I
H
B
S
I
The objective of social welfare is to provide each A
S
T individual with the basic economic necessities, high
I
Z standard of health, decent living conditions, equal M
A
C
O
opportunities, the well being of deprived like H
O
L marginalized communities, deprived communities, T
L
E widows, aged, children, and unemployed. T
A
G
R
E
I

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AMIT KUMAR YADAV
 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

Social Welfare
Objectives B
N
A
Expansion of social services and their improvement A
V To provide welfare services and develop the weaker and more vulnerable R
section of the population D
K
To develop supplementary (Additional) welfare services I
H
B
S To bring about social reform
A
I To provide social security and social assistance S
T To bring about social change including reducing disparities of income and
I wealth M
Z
To prevent concentration economic power and take steps to equalize A
C
opportunities within communities. H
O
L To help individuals to attain satisfying standard of life, health and equal O
opportunities with the fellow citizens and self- respect. T
L
To secure for each individual the basic economic requirement and decent T
E
A
G living condition
R
E  To strengthen individual capacities to cope up with the real life problems I
To create the basic condition that will enable all the members of the
community to realise their potential capacity, growth, and self-fulfillment.
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AMIT KUMAR YADAV
 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

Social Welfare
B
N
A
A
ASSIGNMENT R
V
D
K
I
H
B
S
A
I
S
T
I
M
Z
A
C LIST OUT THE OBJECTIVE OF MINISTRY/DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL
H
O WELFARE
O
L
T
L
T
E
A
G
R
E
I

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AMIT KUMAR YADAV
 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK
Social Welfare

Welfare State B
N
A
A
Social welfare generally refers to States’ services designed to protect citizens R
V
from the economic risks and insecurity of life. D
K
H Over the decades, a general consensus (Agreement) is reached that states are I
S responsible for protecting all those unable to care for themselves for whatever B
A
I reason.
S
T Social welfare is a matter of right rather than need.
I Social welfare is one of the system of transfer payment to bridge the gap M
Z between the poor and the rich. A
C
As the format and nature of social welfare programs becoming more H
O
comprehensive and diversified, covering increasingly more sectors of the O
L
society, meeting more identified needs. T
L
In the modern era social welfare is often interpreted with a broad meaning to T
E
include public provision of education, health, housing, and public assistance. A
G
R
E In this manner, it is more appropriately connected to the conception of welfare
I
state.

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AMIT KUMAR YADAV
 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK
Social Welfare

Welfare State B
N
A
A
R
V
D
K
I
H
B
S
A
I In an Ideal welfare state the Government plays a key role in the protection
S
T and promotion of the economic and social well-being of its citizens, based on
I the principles of equality of opportunity, equitable distribution of wealth, and M
Z public responsibility for those unable to avail themselves of the minimal A
C
provision for a reasonable standard of life. H
O
O
L
T
L
Back T
E
A
G
R
E
I

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 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

B
N
A
A
DISCUSSION R
V
D
K
I
H
B
S
A
I
S
T
I
Z HAVE YOU EVER HELPED ANYONE??????????? M
A
C DO YOU NEED ANY TRAINING TO DO THAT???? H
O
DO YOU NEED ANY TRAINING TO HELP AN OLD MAN TO CROSS THE ROAD?? O
L
T
L
T
E
A
G
R
E
I

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 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

B
N
A
A
Concept R
V
D
K
I
H
B
S
I
“Helping the Helpless” A
S
T
I
Feeling of helping others
M
Z
C
Need a good mind to help person who is in A
H
O
L
need O
T
L
T
E
A
G
R
E
I

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 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

B
N
A
A
Definition R
V
D
K
I
H
S
It is the help given by the society for the immediate relief of B
A
I certain problem faced by the members. S
T Social Service is the temporary service given to an
I
individual or group in cash or in kind. M
Z
A
C Thus, the term social service is used to denote help given by H
O
L
a volunteer to an individual or group at the time of need or to O
enhance the welfare of individual or the community through T
L
T
E personal effort or collective action. A
G
E It does not require Professional training, methods and/or R
I
techniques.
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AMIT KUMAR YADAV
 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

B
N
A
A
Characteristics of Social service R
V
D
K
1. It is a temporary assistance I
H
B
S 2. It is a voluntary service A
I
T 3. It is a charity work S
I 4. No need of specialized training M
Z 5. No salary/remuneration A
C
6. Can be practice by any individual H
O
O
L
T
L
T
E
A
G
R
E
I
Back
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AMIT KUMAR YADAV
 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

Class work B
N
A
A
R
V
D
K
H
What problems personally you faced? I
B
S
A
I
S
T What problems your family faced generally?
I
M
Z
A
C
H
O What challenges you see in your society? O
L
T
L
T
E
A
G What are the major issues in our country?
R
E
I

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AMIT KUMAR YADAV
 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

Class work B
N
A
A
R
V
D
K
H
How you sort out your personal problem? I
B
S
A
I
S
T How you sort out your family problems?
I
M
Z
A
C
H
O How your society sort out Social Problems? O
L
T
L
T
E
A
G How our country try to solve problems?
R
E
I

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AMIT KUMAR YADAV
 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

B
N
A
A
Cognitive R
V understanding of self
and World - Person of Spirituality D
K - Very few people achieve it
- Opportunity for self growth, I
H -Prove his capacities,
Self growth and B
S - Remarkable identification

I
Identification A
S
T
Social Accepted
I Esteemed
To love and Get love M
Z
A
C
Belonging and Love H
O
O
L
T
L Food, Shelter, Clothes, Sex,
Water etc Safety Lack of Fear T
E
A
G
R
E
Physiological Needs I

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AMIT KUMAR YADAV
 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

B
N Causes of Human Problem A
A
R
V
Lack of Material resources D
K
I
H Misconception about the situation B
S and relationships and lack of
appropriate information A
I
S
T Illness or health problems related
I to disability
M
Z
Emotional distress resulting from A
C stressful situation H
O
O
L
School related problems T
L
T
E
Problems related to A
G institutionalization R
E
I
Behavior problem and others

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AMIT KUMAR YADAV
 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

B
N Types of Problem A
A
R
V
Political D
K
I
H
B
S Sociological A
I
S
T
I Religious
M
Z
A
C Psychological H
O
O
L
L
Health T
T
E
A
G Culture R
E
I
Emotional and others
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AMIT KUMAR YADAV
 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

B
N Concept A
A
R
V 1. What do you understand when you heard about “Social Work”? D
K
2. Why you want to study social work? I
H
3. What happens if you give some money to beggars? B
S
4. Will they never ask for money again? A
I
5. What you will do when they will ask money again? S
T
I 6. For how long you can pay them?
M
Z 7. What happens if you feed a hungry person one day?
A
C 8. Will they do not need food for next day? H
O 9. Can you food them again and again? O
L 10. For how many days you can feed them? T
L
11. What happens when you are angry? T
E
A
G
R
E
I

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 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

B
N Concept A
A
R
V
D
K
I
H
B
S
A
I
S
T
I * Meaning of social work in the street people M
Z
A
C
H
O Who perform some good deeds for the people O
L
T
L
T
E
A
G
R
E
I

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AMIT KUMAR YADAV
 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

B
N Concept A
A
R
V
D
K
I
H
B
S
A
I * Meaning of Social Work to a semi-professional S
T Not trained in social work but work in some welfare agencies
I
They believe that they have the right to be called as social worker just M
Z
because they are engaged in welfare activities. A
C
O In their belief, became a person employed in the welfare agency, and carries H
on welfare activities, he is a social worker and his activities are social work O
L
T
L practice.
T
E
A
G
R
E
I

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AMIT KUMAR YADAV
 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

Concept B
N
* Generally Accepted Meaning A
A
Social work is a profession primarily concerned with the remedy to psycho- R
V
D
K social problems and deficiencies which exist in the relationship between the
I
H individuals and his social environment. This phenomenon always existed in
B
S the society in one form or the other, but achieved its scientific basis in the last A
I decades of 19th century. S
T Social work aims at making a person self dependent and self reliant. It
I
attempts to explore the causal factors behind the problem and tries to solve M
Z
them scientifically. A
C
O Social Work is scientific process for helping to the needy suffering from H
material deficiencies, physical disabilities, mental disorders, emotional O
L
T
L disturbances and so on by using knowledge in human relationship and methods
T
E and skills in dealing with them.
A
G Social work intended to assist individuals, families, social groups, and R
E communities in sorting out their personal and social problems and I
permanently solving these problems through systematically process.

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 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

B
N Concept A
A
R
V
D
K
I
H
B
S
A
I
S
T
I
M
Z
A
C * Generally Accepted Meaning
H
O
O
L
T
L
T
E
A
G
R
E
I

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 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

Concept B
N
A
A
Social Action is a collective effort to bring about desirable changes in the R
V
existing structure or preventing undesirable change through a process of D
K
making people aware of socio-political and economic realities, conditioning I
H
their lives and mobilizing them to organize them as the living forces so as to B
S
A
I work for their own betterment.
S
T In addition, through social action, people organize themselves with
I conscious effort, stand against a change that negatively affect them. M
Z In social action process some activities like making people aware of the A
C
socio-economic and political realities , conditioning their lives, mobilizing H
O
them through formation of pressure groups and using them consciously to O
L
bring about desired change through a socially accepted, legal and non-violent T
L
strategy. However, it is no denying fact that social action is generally conflict T
E
oriented. A
G
R
E It is initiated and conducted by a mass of people or group of elites against
I
defective social institutions, government policies, programs and lows of
practices.
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AMIT KUMAR YADAV
 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

B
N Definition and Interpretation
A
A
R
V
D
K
I
H
B
S
A
I
T Mary Richmond, the first professional thinker of Social work, in 1922, S
I defined Social Action is “Mass betterment through propaganda and social
M
Z legislation.
A
C From this definition, it can be interpreted that social action is concerned with H
O the problems of huge numbers of people and it can be solved with the active O
L participation of people in large number. To bring about large population, T
L
propaganda and legislation should be the approach strategies. T
E
A
G
R
E
I

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AMIT KUMAR YADAV
 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

B
N Definition and Interpretation
A
A
R
V
D
K
I
H
B
S
A
I Grace Coyle (1937) stated “Social Action as term applied to that aspect of S
T social welfare activity, directed towards shaping, modifying or maintaining the
I social institutions and policies that collectively, constitute the social M
Z
environment.” A
C
In this definition, social action has been looked as one of the ingredients H
O
(Components) of social welfare which is basically concerned with the O
L
desirable change in the social structure that has a potential influence on the T
L
lives of the people. T
E
A
G
R
E
I

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 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

B
N Objectives
A
A
R
V
K The basic objective of social action is to bring about change in the defective D
I
H social system and sub system by influencing social policies and social
B
S legislation. A
I The main objective of Social Action is the proper shaping and development S
T of socio-cultural and economic environment in which a richer and fuller life
I
may be possible for all the citizens. M
Z
A
C
H
O
O
L
T
L
T
E
A
G
R
E
I
Continue……

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 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

B
N Objectives
A
A
R
V
K The following goals have been identified in D
I
H
S connection to social action: B
A
I 1. Prevention of unfulfilled needs S
T
I
2. Solution of mass condition
3. Improvement of mass condition M
Z
A
C 4. Influencing institutions, policies and practices H
O
L 5. Introduction of new mechanism and programs O
T
L 6. Redistribution of resources (Human, Materials and moral) T
E 7. Appropriate decision making for effects of through action A
G
and structure R
E
I
8. Social development through change
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AMIT KUMAR YADAV
 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

Models of Social Action B

N
A
A
R
V
D
K
I
H
B
S
A
I Social Action as a method of social work Profession has high potential for S
T desired change in the defective system of society.
I
It task of bringing desired change, it adopts various tested models which are M
Z
presented by different social work educators. A
C
O On the basic of their nature, objectives, strategies used and people involve, H
the models are grouped into 2 categories. O
L
T
L 1. Elitist Model of Social Action and
T
E 2. Popular Social Action Model
A
G
R
E
I

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AMIT KUMAR YADAV
 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

Models of Social Action B

N
A
A
R
V Models of Social Action
D
K
I
H Elitist Model Popular Social Action Model B
S
A
I
S
T
I
M
Z
A
C Direct
Legislative Economic Direct Physical Conscientization Dialectical H
O Social Action Sanction Model Model Model Mobilization
Model Model Model O
L
T
L
T
E
A
G
R
E
I

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 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

Models of Social Action B

N
A
A
Elitist Model of Social Action R
V
D
K
I
H
S In this model of social action, only elites (few people with higher status and B
I responsible position) initiate and conduct social the action or movement for the A
benefit of masses. S
T
I The distinct aspect of this model is that general population or target group is
M
Z not involved directly in the process of but sometimes, minded people from the
A
C mass participate in this model of social action and put their effort together for H
O bringing about suitable change in the system by influencing it through social O
L legislation. T
L
There are 3 sub models of elitist social action. Such as: T
E
1. Legislative Social Action Model A
G
2. Economic Sanction Model R
E
3. Direct Physical Model I

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AMIT KUMAR YADAV
 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

Elitist Model of Social Action B

N
A
A Legislative Social Action R
V
D
K
In this Model, group of elites take up the issue which they think is a pressing I
H
problem and begin the process of social action. B
S
I First Step: Social Activist try to understand the magnitude, urgency and A
location of the problem through close observation and research. S
T
I Second Step: Social Activist go to create public opinion through education
M
Z and awareness by using mass media like print and electronic media.
A
C Third Step: Social activist move to design intervention strategy and finally H
O persuade or pressurized the government to create a mechanism through social O
L legislation for implementing the same. T
L
The essence of this model lies in the fact that it looks at social legislation as T
E
an instrument of social change. A
G
E To bring about a suitable legislation, the strategies like media advocacy, R
lobbying, networking, judicial advocacy etc are used in this model. I

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 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

Elitist Model of Social Action B

N
A
A Economic Sanction Model R
V
D
K
I
H
B
S
A
I This model of Social Action is put to use when the elites have some power S
T on the economic condition of the oppressor who deny the basic rights of the
I
marginalized people. M
Z
C In this model, elites (Social Activist/Social Worker/Union Leader etc) take A
the control over some economic resources tactically and use these as weapon H
O
to pressurize oppressor to work for the benefit of the victimized people. O
L
T
L Social action for medical insurance, education facilities for children, safe
T
E drinking water etc with the responsible management.
A
G
R
E
I

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 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

Elitist Model of Social Action B

N
A
A Direct Physical Model R
V
D
K
I
H
B
S
A
I
T It is the kind of model in which the elite tend to punish those who are S
I responsible for the cause of injustice and try to obtain benefits to their clientele
M
Z (Victimized people).
A
C This model is, criticized by some people on the ground that the elites under H
O this model take law into their hands to punish the violators of law who cause O
L suffering to the people. T
L
It is against social work values and ethics to cause bloodshed adopt violent T
E
means to achieve any goal however beneficial may be. A
G
R
E
I

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 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

Models of Social Action B

N
A
A
Popular Social Action Model R
V
D
K
I
H
B
S In this model of social action, the people who are victimized or who suffer A
I due to the defective system, stand in the front of action and lead the movement S
T against the unjust and defective system, structure, policies, agencies, or
I
individuals. M
Z
C Unlike the elitist model, the elites in this model may help the people through A
guidance, education, facilitation, and advocacy but do not directly involve in H
O
the movement. O
L
T
L This model also have 3 sub categories:
T
E 1. Conscientization model
A
G 2. Dialectical model R
E 3. Direct Mobilization Model I

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 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

Population Social Action Model B

N
A
A Conscientization Model R
V
D
K
I
H
S The model firmly grounded on the concept of conscientization (Creating B
I awareness among masses through education) given by Paulo Friere who A
T believed that education could be a potential tool for awareness and social S
I action.
M
Z He maintained that conscientization process results not merely in learning of
A
C library skills, but it goes a long way to assist the participants to liberate H
O themselves from all structures, which inhibit the realization of their full O
L humanity through action and reflection. T
L
For this model, activist use street play, emotional speeches, debates, T
E
documentary films, print and electronic medias etc., to conscientize the people A
G
towards discrimination, exploitation and injustice. R
E
I

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 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

Population Social Action Model B

N
A
A Dialectical Model R
V
D
K
I
H
S The term ‘dialectics’ implies to the art of logical argument. B
I In the process of social action, it occurs between the representative of the A
T mass and the oppressive management and reaches at a point of conclusion S
I acceptable to both sides.
M
Z This model of Social action is based on the dialectical approach of conflict
A
C theory of social change as given by Marxist who believe that ‘conflict’ is H
O natural, and settlement of conflict in a given system carries the seeds of social O
L transformation. T
L
Thus, Conflict can be considered as the engine of transformation. T
E
G So dialectical mobilization model of social action helps in promoting conflict A
to exploit the contradiction in the system, so that a better system will emerge R
E
of public benefit. I

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 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

Population Social Action Model B

N
A
A Direct Mobilization Model R
V
D
K
I
H
B
S
A
I
T In this model, specific issues are taken up by social activist and masses are S
I mobilize to resort to protest and strikes to achieve objectives.
M
Z In this process of social action, the elites pick up the issues that badly affects
A
C the people and society at large. H
O They analyze causal factors and create awareness among the masses about O
L the root causes of injustice. T
L
Then they formulate alternative policies and utilize the public forces to T
E
influence the system for suitable change in it. A
G
R
E
I

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 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

B
N Process of Social Action A
A
R
V
D
K
I
H  In general sense, the term ‘process’ can be understood as a series of
B
S systematic steps undertaken to accomplish some desired and specific A
I goals. S
T  In social action, ‘process’ refers to the generally accepted steps or stages
I
involved while moving towards achieving the objectives of social action. M
Z
C  Following are the generally accepted steps of stages of Social Action A
process: H
O
1. Awareness building Steps O
L
T
L 2. Organize stage
T
E 3. Strategy development stage
A
G 4. Action Stage R
E
I

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 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

B
N
A
A
R
V
D
K
I
H
B
S
A
I
S
T
I
M
Z
A
C
H
O
O
L
T
L
T
E
A
G
R
E
I

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AMIT KUMAR YADAV
 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

B
N
A
A
R
V
D
K
I
H
B
S
A
I
S
T
I
M
Z
A
C
H
O
O
L
T
L
T
E
A
G
R
E
I

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AMIT KUMAR YADAV
 DEPARTMENT OF SOCIAL WORK

B
N
A
A
R
V
D
K
I
H
B
S
A
I
S
T
I
M
Z
A
C
H
O
O
L
T
L
T
E
A
G
R
E
I

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