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The automatic synthesis of recursive programs

Published: 01 August 1977 Publication History

Abstract

We describe a deductive technique for the automatic construction of recursive programs to meet given input-output specifications. These specifications express what conditions the output of the desired program is expected to satisfy. The deductive technique involves transforming the specifications by a collection of rules, summoned by pattern-directed function invocation. Some of these transformation rules express the semantics of the subject domain; others represent more general programming techniques. The rules that introduce conditional expressions and recursive calls into the program are discussed in some detail.
The deductive techniques described are embedded in a running system called SYNSYS. This system accepts specifications expressed in high-level descriptive language and attempts to transform them into a corresponding LISP program. The transformation rules are expressed in the QLISP programming language. The synthesis of two programs performed by the system are presented.
This research was supported in part by the Advanced Research Projects Agency of the Department of Defense under Contract MDA903-76-C-0206, by the National Science Foundation under Grant DCR72-03737 A01, by the Office of Naval Research under Contracts N00014-76-C-0687 and N00014-75-C-0816; and by a grant from the United States-Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF), Jerusalem, Israel.
The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of Stanford University, Stanford Research Institute, or the U.S. Government.

References

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Barstow, D. R. and E. Kant {Oct. 1976},Observations on the interaction between coding and efficiency knowledge in the PSI program synthesis system, Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Software Engineering, San Francisco, Ca., pp. 19-31.
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Biedsoe, W. W., and M. Tyson {1977},Typing and proof by cases in program verification, in Machine Intelligence 8: Machine Representations of Knowledge, (E. W. Elcock and D. Michie, editors), Ellis Horwood, Edinburgh, Scotland (to appear).
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Boyer, R. S., and J S. Moore {Jan. 1975},Proving theorems about LISP functions, JACM, Vol. 22, No. 1, pp. 129-144.
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Burstall, R. M. and J. Darlington {April 1975},Some transformations for developing recursive programs, Proceedings of the International Conference on Reliable Software, Los Angeles, Ca., pp. 465-472.
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Darlington, J. {July 1975},Applications of program transformation to program synthesis, Colloques IRIA on Proving and Improving Programs, Arc et Senans, France, pp. 133-144.
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Dijkstra, E. W. {1976},A discipline of programming, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, N. J.
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Manna, Z. and R. Waldinger {1975},Knowledge and reasoning in program synthesis, Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 6, No. 2, pp. 175-208.
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Siklossy, L. {1974},The synthesis of programs from their properties, and the insane heuristic, Proceedings of the Third Texas Conference on Computing Systems, Austin, Texas.
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Waldinger, R. J. {1977},Achieveing several goals simultaneously, in Machine Intelligence 8: Machine Representations of Knowledge, (E. W. Elcock and D. Michie, editors), Ellis Horwood, Edinburgh, Scotland (to appear).
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Warren, D. H. D. {July 1976},Generating conditional plans and programs, Proceedings of Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Simulation on Behaviour, Edinburgh, Scotland, pp. 344-354.
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Wegbreit, B {Sept. 1975},Goal-directed program transformation, Research report, Xerox Research Center, Palo Alto, Ca.
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Wilber, B. M . {Mar. 1976},A QLISP reference manual, Technical note, Stanford Research Institute, Menlo Park, Ca.
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Cited By

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  • (2010)Interpretable program specification languageProgramming and Computing Software10.1134/S036176881001007X36:1(48-57)Online publication date: 1-Jan-2010
  • (1986)On Program Synthesis Knowledge**This research was supported in part by the Advanced Research Projects Agency under ARPA Order 2494, Contract MDA903–76–C–0206, and in part by the National Science Foundation under NSF Grant MCS 77–05740. A major portion of the work described herein was done while the authors were in the Computer Science Department of Stanford University. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as necessarily representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of Stanford University, Yale University, Systems Control Inc. or the U.S. Government.Readings in Artificial Intelligence and Software Engineering10.1016/B978-0-934613-12-5.50039-2(455-474)Online publication date: 1986
  • (1984)Semantics of algorithmic languagesJournal of Soviet Mathematics10.1007/BF0110165125:6(1558-1606)Online publication date: Jun-1984
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Published In

cover image ACM SIGPLAN Notices
ACM SIGPLAN Notices  Volume 12, Issue 8
Proceedings of the 1977 symposium on Artificial intelligence and programming languages
August 1977
179 pages
ISSN:0362-1340
EISSN:1558-1160
DOI:10.1145/872734
Issue’s Table of Contents
  • cover image ACM Conferences
    Proceedings of the 1977 symposium on Artificial intelligence and programming languages
    August 1977
    185 pages
    ISBN:9781450378741
    DOI:10.1145/800228

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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 01 August 1977
Published in SIGPLAN Volume 12, Issue 8

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