skip to main content
research-article

Collaborative Tabletops for Blind People: The Effect of Auditory Design on Workspace Awareness

Published: 04 November 2020 Publication History

Abstract

Interactive tabletops offer unique collaborative features, particularly their size, geometry, orientation and, more importantly, the ability to support multi-user interaction. Although previous efforts were made to make interactive tabletops accessible to blind people, the potential to use them in collaborative activities remains unexplored. In this paper, we present the design and implementation of a multi-user auditory display for interactive tabletops, supporting three feedback modes that vary on how much information about the partners' actions is conveyed. We conducted a user study with ten blind people to assess the effect of feedback modes on workspace awareness and task performance. Furthermore, we analyze the type of awareness information exchanged and the emergent collaboration strategies. Finally, we provide implications for the design of future tabletop collaborative tools for blind users.

References

[1]
Jé ré my Albouys-Perrois, Jé ré my Laviole, Carine Briant, and Anke M Brock. 2018. Towards a Multisensory Augmented Reality Map for Blind and Low Vision People: A Participatory Design Approach. In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '18). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 629:1---629:14. https://doi.org/10.1145/3173574.3174203
[2]
Edward Anstead, Abigail Durrant, Steve Benford, and David Kirk. 2012. Tabletop Games for Photo Consumption at Theme Parks. In Proceedings of the 2012 ACM International Conference on Interactive Tabletops and Surfaces (ITS '12). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 61--70. https://doi.org/10.1145/2396636.2396646
[3]
Apple. 2019. VoiceOver . https://www.apple.com/lae/accessibility/iphone/vision/. [Online; accessed 10-September-2019].
[4]
Shiri Azenkot, JAcob O. Wobbrock, Sanjana Prasain, and Richard E. Ladner. 2012. Input finger detection for nonvisual touch screen text entry in Perkinput. In Proceedings of Graphics Interface. Canadian Information Processing Society, Toronto, Ont., Canada, Canada, 121--129. https://doi.org/2305276.2305297
[5]
Sandra Bardot, Marcos Serrano, Simon Perrault, Shengdong Zhao, and Christophe Jouffrais. 2019. Investigating Feedback for Two-Handed Exploration of Digital Maps Without Vision. In Human-Computer Interaction -- INTERACT 2019, David Lamas, Fernando Loizides, Lennart Nacke, Helen Petrie, Marco Winckler, and Panayiotis Zaphiris (Eds.). Springer International Publishing, Cham, 305--324.
[6]
Syed Masum Billah, Yu-Jung Ko, Vikas Ashok, Xiaojun Bi, and I V Ramakrishnan. 2019. Accessible Gesture Typing for Non-Visual Text Entry on Smartphones. In Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '19). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 376:1---376:12. https://doi.org/10.1145/3290605.3300606
[7]
Anke Brock, Bernard Oriola, Philippe Truillet, Christophe Jouffrais, and Delphine Picard. 2013. Map design for visually impaired people: past, present, and future research . Mé diation et Information, Vol. 36 (dec 2013), 117--129. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/12339/
[8]
Abhizna Butchibabu, Christopher Sparano-Huiban, Liz Sonenberg, and Julie Shah. 2016. Implicit coordination strategies for effective team communication. Human factors, Vol. 58, 4 (2016), 595--610.
[9]
Maria Claudia Buzzi, Marina Buzzi, Barbara Leporini, Giulio Mori, and Victor M R Penichet. 2014. Collaborative Editing: Collaboration, Awareness and Accessibility Issues for the Blind. In On the Move to Meaningful Internet Systems: OTM 2014 Workshops, Robert Meersman, Hervé Panetto, Alok Mishra, Rafael Valencia-Garcí a, Antó nio Lucas Soares, Ioana Ciuciu, Fernando Ferri, Georg Weichhart, Thomas Moser, Michele Bezzi, and Henry Chan (Eds.). Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, 567--573.
[10]
Xiang Cao, Siâ n E Lindley, John Helmes, and Abigail Sellen. 2010. Telling the Whole Story: Anticipation, Inspiration and Reputation in a Field Deployment of TellTable. In Proceedings of the 2010 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW '10). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 251--260. https://doi.org/10.1145/1718918.1718967
[11]
E Colin Cherry. 1953. Some Experiments on the Recognition of Speech, with One and with Two Ears . The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, Vol. 25, 5 (1953), 975--979. https://doi.org/10.1121/1.1907229
[12]
Jonathon N Cummings and Sara Kiesler. 2008. Who collaborates successfully? Prior experience reduces collaboration barriers in distributed interdisciplinary research. In Proceedings of the 2008 ACM conference on Computer supported cooperative work. 437--446.
[13]
Maitraye Das, Darren Gergle, and Anne Marie Piper. 2019. 'It Doesn't Win You Friends': Understanding Accessibility in Collaborative Writing for People with Vision Impairments . Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact., Vol. 3, CSCW (nov 2019). https://doi.org/10.1145/3359293
[14]
Paul Dourish and Victoria Bellotti. 1992. Awareness and coordination in shared workspaces. In CSCW, Vol. 92. 107--114.
[15]
Julie Ducasse, Marc Macé, Marcos Serrano, and Christophe Jouffrais. 2016. Tangible Reels : Construction and Exploration of Tangible Maps by Visually Impaired Users . Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (2016). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainresbull.2008.09.003
[16]
Thomas Erickson and Wendy A. Kellogg. 2000. Social Translucence: An Approach to Designing Systems That Support Social Processes. ACM Trans. Comput.-Hum. Interact., Vol. 7, 1 (March 2000), 59--83. https://doi.org/10.1145/344949.345004
[17]
Taciana Pontual Falc a o and Sara Price. 2009. What Have You Done! The Role of 'Interference' in Tangible Environments for Supporting Collaborative Learning. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Learning - Volume 1 (CSCL'09). International Society of the Learning Sciences, 325--334. http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1600053.1600103
[18]
Eynat Gal, Liron Lamash, Nirit Bauminger-Zviely, Massimo Zancanaro, and Patrice L (Tamar) Weiss. 2016. Using Multitouch Collaboration Technology to Enhance Social Interaction of Children with High-Functioning Autism . Physical & Occupational Therapy In Pediatrics, Vol. 36, 1 (2016), 46--58. https://doi.org/10.3109/01942638.2015.1040572
[19]
Cagatay Goncu and Kim Marriott. 2011. GraVVITAS: generic multi-touch presentation of accessible graphics . Human-computer interaction--INTERACT 2011 (2011), 30--48. http://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978--3--642--23774--4_5
[20]
Google. 2019. Talkback . https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.google.android.marvin.talkback . [Online; accessed 11-September-2019].
[21]
William Grussenmeyer and Eelke Folmer. 2017. Accessible Touchscreen Technology for People with Visual Impairments: A Survey . ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing (TACCESS), Vol. 9, 2 (jan 2017), 6:1---6:31. https://doi.org/10.1145/3022701
[22]
Jo ao Guerreiro and Daniel Goncc alves. 2016. Scanning for digital content: How blind and sighted people perceive concurrent speech. ACM Transactions on Accessible Computing (TACCESS), Vol. 8, 1 (2016), 1--28.
[23]
Jo a o Guerreiro, André Rodrigues, Kyle Montague, Tiago Guerreiro, Hugo Nicolau, and Daniel Goncc alves. 2015b. TabLETS Get Physical: Non-Visual Text Entry on Tablet Devices. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems .
[24]
T Guerreiro, P Lagoá, H Nicolau, D Goncc alves, and J A Jorge. 2008. From tapping to touching: Making touch screens accessible to blind users . IEEE MultiMedia (2008), 48--50.
[25]
Tiago Guerreiro, Kyle Montague, Jo a o Guerreiro, Rafael Nunes, Hugo Nicolau, and Daniel J V Goncc alves. 2015a. Blind People Interacting with Large Touch Surfaces: Strategies for One-handed and Two-handed Exploration. In Proceedings of the 2015 International Conference on Interactive Tabletops & Surfaces. ACM, 25--34.
[26]
Anhong Guo, Xiang'Anthony' Chen, Haoran Qi, Samuel White, Suman Ghosh, Chieko Asakawa, and Jeffrey P Bigham. 2016. Vizlens: A robust and interactive screen reader for interfaces in the real world. In Proceedings of the 29th Annual Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology . 651--664.
[27]
Anhong Guo, Junhan Kong, Michael Rivera, Frank F Xu, and Jeffrey P Bigham. 2019. StateLens: A Reverse Engineering Solution for Making Existing Dynamic Touchscreens Accessible. In Proceedings of the 32nd Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology. 371--385.
[28]
Carl Gutwin and Saul Greenberg. 2002 a. A descriptive framework of workspace awareness for real-time groupware . Computer Supported Cooperative Work, Vol. 11, 3--4 (2002), 411--446. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1021271517844
[29]
Carl Gutwin and Saul Greenberg. 2002 b. A descriptive framework of workspace awareness for real-time groupware. Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW), Vol. 11, 3--4 (2002), 411--446.
[30]
Carl Gutwin, Oliver Schneider, Robert Xiao, and Stephen Brewster. 2011. Chalk Sounds: The Effects of Dynamic Synthesized Audio on Workspace Awareness in Distributed Groupware. In Proceedings of the ACM 2011 Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW '11). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 85--94. https://doi.org/10.1145/1958824.1958838
[31]
Mark S Hancock, Chia Shen, Clifton Forlines, and Kathy Ryall. 2005. Exploring Non-speech Auditory Feedback at an Interactive Multi-user Tabletop. In Proceedings of Graphics Interface 2005 (GI '05). Canadian Human-Computer Communications Society, School of Computer Science, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, 41--50. http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1089508.1089516
[32]
Amanda Harris, Jochen Rick, Victoria Bonnett, Nicola Yuill, Rowanne Fleck, Paul Marshall, and Yvonne Rogers. 2009. Around the Table: Are Multiple-touch Surfaces Better Than Single-touch for Children's Collaborative Interactions?. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Computer Supported Collaborative Learning - Volume 1 (CSCL'09). International Society of the Learning Sciences, 335--344. http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=1600053.1600104
[33]
Steven E Higgins, Emma Mercier, Elizabeth Burd, and Andrew Hatch. 2011. Multi-touch tables and the relationship with collaborative classroom pedagogies: A synthetic review . International Journal of Computer-Supported Collaborative Learning, Vol. 6, 4 (dec 2011), 515--538. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11412-011--9131-y
[34]
Uta Hinrichs and Sheelagh Carpendale. 2011. Gestures in the Wild: Studying Multi-touch Gesture Sequences on Interactive Tabletop Exhibits. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 3023--3032. https://doi.org/10.1145/1978942.1979391
[35]
Hiroshi Ishii and Minoru Kobayashi. 1992. ClearBoard: a seamless medium for shared drawing and conversation with eye contact. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human factors in computing systems. ACM, 525--532.
[36]
I. Jamil, C.S. Montero, M. Perry, K. O'Hara, A. Karnik, K. Pihlainen, M.T. Marshall, S. Jha, S. Gupta, and S. Subramanian. 2017. Collaborating around digital tabletops: Children's physical strategies from India, the UK and Finland . ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction, Vol. 24, 3 (2017), 1--30. https://doi.org/10.1145/3058551
[37]
Izdihar Jamil, Kenton O'Hara, Mark Perry, Abhijit Karnik, and Sriram Subramanian. 2011. The Effects of Interaction Techniques on Talk Patterns in Collaborative Peer Learning Around Interactive Tables. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 3043--3052. https://doi.org/10.1145/1978942.1979393
[38]
Shaun K. Kane, Jeffrey P. Bigham, and Jacob O. Wobbrock. 2008. Slide Rule: Making Mobile Touch Screens Accessible to Blind People Using Multi-Touch Interaction Techniques. In Proceedings of the 10th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada) (Assets '08). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 73--80. https://doi.org/10.1145/1414471.1414487
[39]
Shaun K Kane, Meredith Ringel Morris, Annuska Z Perkins, Daniel Wigdor, Richard E Ladner, and Jacob O Wobbrock. 2011a. Access Overlays: Improving Non-visual Access to Large Touch Screens for Blind Users. In Proceedings of the 24th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology (UIST '11). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 273--282. https://doi.org/10.1145/2047196.2047232
[40]
Shaun K Kane, Meredith Ringel Morris, and Jacob O Wobbrock. 2013. Touchplates: Low-cost Tactile Overlays for Visually Impaired Touch Screen Users. In Proceedings of the 15th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '13). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 22:1---22:8. https://doi.org/10.1145/2513383.2513442
[41]
Shaun K Kane, Jacob O Wobbrock, and Richard E Ladner. 2011b. Usable Gestures for Blind People: Understanding Preference and Performance. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '11). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 413--422. https://doi.org/10.1145/1978942.1979001
[42]
Andreas Kunz, Dirk Schnelle-Walka, Ali Alavi, Stephan Pö lzer, Max Mü hlh"a user, and Klaus Miesenberger. 2014. Making Tabletop Interaction Accessible for Blind Users . Proceedings of the Ninth ACM International Conference on Interactive Tabletops and Surfaces - ITS '14 (2014), 327--332. https://doi.org/10.1145/2669485.2669541
[43]
Pedro Lopes, Ricardo Jota, and Joaquim A Jorge. 2011. Augmenting touch interaction through acoustic sensing. In Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Interactive Tabletops and Surfaces. 53--56.
[44]
Alina Lungeanu, Yun Huang, and Noshir S Contractor. 2014. Understanding the assembly of interdisciplinary teams and its impact on performance. Journal of informetrics, Vol. 8, 1 (2014), 59--70.
[45]
L Luque, L d. O. Brand a o, and A A F Brand a o. 2018. A Framework to Foster Diversity in Collaborative Activities. In 2018 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE). 1--9. https://doi.org/10.1109/FIE.2018.8658438
[46]
Muhanad S Manshad and Ahmad S Manshad. 2008. Multimodal Vision Glove for Touchscreens. In Proceedings of the 10th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (Assets '08). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 251--252. https://doi.org/10.1145/1414471.1414523
[47]
David McGookin and Stephen Brewster. 2007. An Initial Investigation into Non-visual Computer Supported Collaboration. In CHI '07 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI EA '07). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 2573--2578. https://doi.org/10.1145/1240866.1241043
[48]
Oussama Metatla, Nick Bryan-Kinns, and Tony Stockman. 2018. "I Hear You": Understanding Awareness Information Exchange in an Audio-only Workspace . Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (2018), 1--13. https://doi.org/10.1145/1235 arxiv: arXiv:1603.07016v1
[49]
Meredith Ringel Morris, Anqi Huang, Andreas Paepcke, and Terry Winograd. 2006. Cooperative gestures: multi-user gestural interactions for co-located groupware. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in computing systems. 1201--1210.
[50]
Meredith Ringel Morris, Dan Morris, and Terry Winograd. 2004. Individual Audio Channels with Single Display Groupware: Effects on Communication and Task Strategy. In Proceedings of the 2004 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW '04). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 242--251. https://doi.org/10.1145/1031607.1031646
[51]
Hugo Nicolau, Kyle Montague, Tiago Guerreiro, Jo a o Guerreiro, and Vicki L Hanson. 2014. B#: Chord-based Correction for Multitouch Braille Input. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI'14). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 1705--1708. https://doi.org/10.1145/2556288.2557269
[52]
Jo a o Oliveira, Tiago Guerreiro, Hugo Nicolau, Joaquim Jorge, and Daniel Goncc alves. 2011. Blind people and mobile touch-based text-entry: Acknowledging the Need for Different Flavors. In The proceedings of the 13th international ACM SIGACCESS conference on Computers and accessibility - ASSETS '11. ACM, 179. https://doi.org/10.1145/2049536.2049569
[53]
Stephan Pö lzer, Andreas Kunz, Ali Alavi, and Klaus Miesenberger. 2016. An Accessible Environment to Integrate Blind Participants into Brainstorming Sessions. In Computers Helping People with Special Needs, Klaus Miesenberger, Christian Bü hler, and Petr Penaz (Eds.). Springer International Publishing, Cham, 587--593.
[54]
R Ramloll and S Brewster. 2002. An environment for studying the impact of spatialising sonified graphs on data comprehension. In Proceedings Sixth International Conference on Information Visualisation. 167--174. https://doi.org/10.1109/IV.2002.1028773
[55]
Jochen Rick, Paul Marshall, and Nicola Yuill. 2011. Beyond One-size-fits-all: How Interactive Tabletops Support Collaborative Learning. In Proceedings of the 10th International Conference on Interaction Design and Children (IDC '11). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 109--117. https://doi.org/10.1145/1999030.1999043
[56]
Stacey D. Scott, M. Sheelagh T. Carpendale, and Kori M. Inkpen. 2004. Territoriality in Collaborative Tabletop Workspaces. In Proceedings of the 2004 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (Chicago, Illinois, USA) (CSCW '04). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 294--303. https://doi.org/10.1145/1031607.1031655
[57]
Maur'icio Sousa, Daniel Mendes, Rafael Kuffner Dos Anjos, Daniel Medeiros, Alfredo Ferreira, Alberto Raposo, Jo ao Madeiras Pereira, and Joaquim Jorge. 2017. Creepy Tracker Toolkit for Context-aware Interfaces. In Proceedings of the 2017 ACM International Conference on Interactive Surfaces and Spaces (Brighton, United Kingdom) (ISS '17). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 191--200. https://doi.org/10.1145/3132272.3134113
[58]
Caleb Southern, James Clawson, Brian Frey, Gregory Abowd, and Mario Romero. 2012. An Evaluation of BrailleTouch: Mobile Touchscreen Text Entry for the Visually Impaired. In Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Human-computer Interaction with Mobile Devices and Services (MobileHCI '12). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 317--326. https://doi.org/10.1145/2371574.2371623
[59]
Saiganesh Swaminathan, Thijs Roumen, Robert Kovacs, David Stangl, Stefanie Mueller, and Patrick Baudisch. 2016. Linespace: A sensemaking platform for the blind. In Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 2175--2185.
[60]
Daniel Trindade, André Rodrigues, Tiago Guerreiro, and Hugo Nicolau. 2018. Hybrid-Brailler: Combining Physical and Gestural Interaction for Mobile Braille Input and Editing. In Proceedings of the 2018 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI '18). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 27:1---27:12. https://doi.org/10.1145/3173574.3173601
[61]
Fredrik Winberg and John Bowers. 2004. Assembling the Senses: Towards the Design of Cooperative Interfaces for Visually Impaired Users. In Proceedings of the 2004 ACM Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work (CSCW '04). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 332--341. https://doi.org/10.1145/1031607.1031662
[62]
Xiaoyi Zhang, Tracy Tran, Yuqian Sun, Ian Culhane, Shobhit Jain, James Fogarty, and Jennifer Mankoff. 2018. Interactiles: 3D Printed Tactile Interfaces to Enhance Mobile Touchscreen Accessibility. In Proceedings of the 20th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility (ASSETS '18). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 131--142. https://doi.org/10.1145/3234695.3236349

Cited By

View all
  • (2024)ChartA11y: Designing Accessible Touch Experiences of Visualizations with Blind Smartphone UsersProceedings of the 26th International ACM SIGACCESS Conference on Computers and Accessibility10.1145/3663548.3675611(1-15)Online publication date: 27-Oct-2024
  • (2024)“I Don't Really Get Involved In That Way”: Investigating Blind and Visually Impaired Individuals' Experiences of Joint Attention with Sighted PeopleProceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3613904.3642940(1-16)Online publication date: 11-May-2024
  • (2024)A Systematic Review of Ability-diverse Collaboration through Ability-based Lens in HCIProceedings of the 2024 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/3613904.3641930(1-21)Online publication date: 11-May-2024
  • Show More Cited By

Index Terms

  1. Collaborative Tabletops for Blind People: The Effect of Auditory Design on Workspace Awareness

      Recommendations

      Comments

      Information & Contributors

      Information

      Published In

      cover image Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction
      Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction  Volume 4, Issue ISS
      ISS
      November 2020
      488 pages
      EISSN:2573-0142
      DOI:10.1145/3433930
      Issue’s Table of Contents
      Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

      Publisher

      Association for Computing Machinery

      New York, NY, United States

      Publication History

      Published: 04 November 2020
      Published in PACMHCI Volume 4, Issue ISS

      Permissions

      Request permissions for this article.

      Check for updates

      Badges

      • Best Paper

      Author Tags

      1. awareness
      2. blind
      3. collaboration
      4. screen reader
      5. tabletop

      Qualifiers

      • Research-article

      Funding Sources

      • Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia

      Contributors

      Other Metrics

      Bibliometrics & Citations

      Bibliometrics

      Article Metrics

      • Downloads (Last 12 months)57
      • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)9
      Reflects downloads up to 06 Nov 2024

      Other Metrics

      Citations

      Cited By

      View all

      View Options

      Get Access

      Login options

      Full Access

      View options

      PDF

      View or Download as a PDF file.

      PDF

      eReader

      View online with eReader.

      eReader

      Media

      Figures

      Other

      Tables

      Share

      Share

      Share this Publication link

      Share on social media