Abstract
Global cooling in the Cenozoic, which led to the growth of large continental ice sheets in both hemispheres, may have been caused by the uplift of the Tibetan plateau and the positive feedbacks initiated by this event. In particular, tectonically driven increases in chemical weathering may have resulted in a decrease of atmospheric C02 concentration over the past 40 Myr.
This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution
Access options
Subscribe to this journal
Receive 51 print issues and online access
$199.00 per year
only $3.90 per issue
Buy this article
- Purchase on SpringerLink
- Instant access to full article PDF
Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ruddiman, W. F. & Raymo, M. E. The Past Three Million Years: Evolution of Climatic Variability in the North Atlantic Region (eds Shackleton, N. J., West, R.G. & Bowen, D. Q.) 227–234 (Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, 1988).
Ruddiman, W. F. & Kutzbach, J. E. J. geophys. Res. 94, 18409–18427 (1989).
Raymo, M. E., Ruddiman, W. F. & Froelich, P. N. Geology 16, 649–653 (1988).
Raymo, M. E. Geology 19, 344–347 (1991).
Molnar, P. & England, P. Nature 346, 29–34 (1990).
Hodell, D. A., Mead, G. A. & Mueller, P. A. Chem. Geol. (Isotop. Geosci. Sec.) 80, 291–307 (1990).
Capo, R. C. & DePaolo, D. J. Science 249, 51–55 (1990).
Palmer, M. R. & Edmond, J. M. Geochim. cosmochim. Acta 56, 2099–2111 (1992).
Richter, F. M., Rowley, D. B. & DePaolo, D. J. Earth planet. Sci. Lett. 109, 11–23 (1992).
Berner, R. A. & Rye, D. M. Am. J. Sci. 292, 136–148 (1992).
Sundquist, E. T. Quat. Sci. Rev. 10, 283–296 (1991).
François, L. M. & Walker, J. C. G. Am. J. Sci. 292, 81–135 (1992).
Caldeira, K. Nature 357, 578–581 (1992).
Miller, K. G., Fairbanks, R. G. & Mountain, G. S. Paleoceanography 2, 1–19 (1987).
Shackleton, N. J. & Kennett, J. P. Init. Rep. Deep Sea Drilling Proj. 29 (ed. Kennett, J. P.) 801–807 (U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC, 1975).
Barrett, P. J., Elston, D. P., Harwood, D. M., McKelvey, B. C. & Webb, P.-N. Geology 15, 634–637 (1987).
Ruddiman, W. F., Prell, W. L. & Raymo, M. E. J. geophys. Res. 94, 18379–18391 (1989).
Wolfe, J. A. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol. 9, 25–57 (1971).
McKenna, M. C. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol. 30, 349–362 (1980).
Kemp, E. M. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeogecol. 24, 169–208 (1978).
Lyell, C. Principles of geology (Murray, London, 1875).
Dana, J. D. Am. J. Sci. 22, 305–334 (1856).
Chamberlin, T. C. J. Geol. 7, 545–584; 667–685; 751–787 (1899).
Crowell, J. C. & Frakes, L. A. Am. J. Sci. 268, 193–224 (1970).
Caputo, M. V. & Crowell, J. C. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 96, 1020–1036 (1985).
Crowley, T. J., Mengel, J. G. & Short, D. A. Nature 329, 803–807 (1987).
Barron, E. J. Palaegeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 50, 45–61 (1985).
Kennett, J. P. J. geophys. Res. 82, 3843–3860 (1977); Mesozoic and Cenozoic Oceans (ed. Hsu, K. J.) 119–122 (Am. geophys. Un., Washington DC, 1986).
Barker, P. F. & Burrell, J. Antarctic Geoscience (ed. Craddock, C.) 377–385 (Univ. of Wisconsin, Madison, 1982).
Oglesby, R. J. Clim. Dynam. 3, 135–156 (1989).
Keigwin, L. D. Science 217, 350–353 (1982).
Maier-Reimer, E., Mikolajewicz, U. & Crowley, T. Paleoceanography 5, 349–366 (1990).
Mercier, J.-L., Armijo, R., Tapponnier, P., Carey-Gailhardis, E. & Lin, H. T. Tectonics 6, 275–304 (1987).
Molnar, P. Phil. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. A326, 33–88 (1988); Am. Scient. 77, 350–360 (1989).
Harrison, T. M., Copeland, P., Kidd, W. S. F. & Yin, A. Science 255, 1663–1670 (1992).
Kutzbach, J. E., Guetter, P. J., Ruddiman, W. F. & Prell, W. L. J. geophys. Res. 94, 18393–18407 (1989).
Barnola, J. M., Raynaud, D., Korotevich, Y. S. & Lorius, C. Nature 329, 408–414 (1987).
Berner, R. A., Lasaga, A. C. & Garrels, R. M. Am. J. Sci. 283, 641–683 (1983).
Barron, E. J. & Washington, W. M. The Carbon Cycle and Atmospheric CO2: Natural Variations Archean to Present (eds Sundquist, E. T. & Broecker, W. S.) 546–553 (Am. geophys. Un., Washington DC, 1985).
Walker, J. C. G., Hays, P. B. & Kasting, J. F. J. geophys. Res. 86, 9976–9782 (1981).
Lasaga, A. C., Berner, R. A. & Garrels, R. M., The Carbon Cycle and Atmospheric CO2: Natural Variations Archean to Present (eds Sundquist, E. T. & Broecker, W. S.) 397–410 (Am. geophys. Un., Washington DC, 1985).
Berner, R. A. Science 249, 1382–1386 (1990); Am. J. Sci. 291, 339–376 (1991).
Crowley, T. J. & North, G. N. Paleoclimatology, 339 (Oxford Univ. Press, New York, 1991)
Gibbs, R. J. Science 156, 1734–1737 (1967).
Stallard, R. F. & Edmond, J. M. J. geophys. Res. 88, 9671–9688 (1983); Stallard, R. F. Physical and Chemical Weathering in Geochemical Cycles (eds Lerman, A. & Meybeck, M.) 225–246 (Kluwer, Dordrecht, Holland, 1988).
Manabe, S. & Terpstra, T. B. J. atmos. Sci. 31, 3–42 (1974).
Hahn, D. G. & Manabe, S. J. atmos. Sci. 32, 1515–1541 (1975).
Druyan, L. M. J. Clim. 2, 127–139; 347–355 (1982).
Meybeck, M. Hydrol. Sci. Bull. 21, 265–284 (1976).
Pinet, P. & Souriau, M. Tectonics 7, 563–582 (1988).
Palmer, M. R. & Edmond, J. M. Earth planet. Sci. Lett. 92, 11–26 (1989).
Palmer, M. R. & Edlerfield, H. Nature 314, 526–528 (1985).
Krishnaswami, S., Trivedi, J. R., Sarin, M. M., Ramesh, R. & Sharma, K. K. Earth planet. Sci. Lett. 109, 243–253 (1992).
Brass, G. W. Geochim. cosmochim. Acta 40, 721–730 (1976).
Burke, W. H. et al. Geology 10, 516–519 (1982).
Komintz, M. A. Am. J. Petrol. Geol. Mem. 46, 109–127 (1984).
Miller, K. G., Feigenson, M. D., Wright, J. D. & Clement, B. M. Paleoceanography 6, 33–52 (1991).
Davies, T. A., Hay, W. W., Southam, J. R. & Worsley, T. R. Science 197, 53–55 (1977).
Opdyke, B. N. & Wilkinson, B. H. Paleoceanography 3, 685–703 (1988).
Shemesh, A., Mortlock, R. A. & Froelich, P. N. Paleoceanography 4, 221–234 (1989).
Shackleton, N. J. Marine Petroleum Source Rocks (eds Brooks, J. & Fleet, A. J.) 423–434 (Geological Society of London, 1987).
Berner, R. A. & Canfield, D. E. Am. J. Sci. 289, 333–361 (1989).
Donnelly, T. W. Geology 10, 451–454 (1982).
Hay, W. W. Proc. int. Geol. Congr. 27th 6, 15–38 (1984).
Hay, W. W., Shaw, C. A. & Wold, C. N. Geol. Rundsch. 78, 207–242 (1989).
Froelich, P. N., Bender, M. L., Luedtke, N. A., Heath, G. R. & DeVries, T. Am. J. Sci. 282, 474–511 (1982).
Broecker, W. S. & Peng, T.-H. Tracers in the Sea (Eldigio, Palisades, New York, 1982).
Demaison, G. J. & Moore, G. T. Bull. Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. 64, 1179–1209 (1980).
Emerson, S., Fischer, K., Reimers, C. & Heggie, D. Deep Sea Res. 32, 1–21 (1985).
Emerson, S. The Carbon Cycle and Atmospheric CO2: Natural Variations Archean to Present (eds Sundquist, E. T. & Broecker, W. S.) 78–87 (Am. geophys. Un., Washington DC, 1985).
Pedersen, T. F. & Calvert, S. E. Am. Assoc. Petrol. Geol. Bull. 74, 454–466 (1990).
Betts, J. N. & Holland, H. D. Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol. Palaeoecol. 97, 5–18 (1991).
Keigwin, L. D. & Corliss, B. H. Geol. Soc. Am. Bull. 97, 335–345 (1986).
Drever, J. I. The Geochemistry of Natural Waters (Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1988).
Dewey, J. F. & Burke, K. C. A. J. Geol. 81, 683–692 (1973).
Arthur, M. A., Dean, W. E. & Claypool, G. E. Nature 315, 216–218 (1985).
Jasper, J. P. & Hayes, J. M. Nature 347, 462–464 (1990).
Rau, G. H., Froelich, P. N., Takahashi, T. & DesMarais, D. J. Paleoceanography 6, 335–347 (1991).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Raymo, M., Ruddiman, W. Tectonic forcing of late Cenozoic climate. Nature 359, 117–122 (1992). https://doi.org/10.1038/359117a0
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/359117a0
This article is cited by
-
The role of mountains in shaping the global meridional overturning circulation
Nature Communications (2024)
-
Tracing hydrological, lithological and geothermal sources of Himalayan river system: a case study from the Teesta River Basin
Environmental Earth Sciences (2024)
-
Potassium isotopic signatures of modern offshore detrital sediments from different climatic regimes and the implications
Science China Earth Sciences (2024)
-
Palaeobotanical evidence reveals the living conditions of Miocene Lufengpithecus in East Asia
BMC Plant Biology (2023)
-
Rock organic carbon oxidation CO2 release offsets silicate weathering sink
Nature (2023)
Comments
By submitting a comment you agree to abide by our Terms and Community Guidelines. If you find something abusive or that does not comply with our terms or guidelines please flag it as inappropriate.