Maine Coons
Read my helpful articles about the Maine Coon Cat that are easy to understand with detailed information. Did you know Maine Coon Cats hold the world record for longest domestic cat? You can information like this below;
Maine Coon Lifespan
The average lifespan of a Maine Coon cat is around 10–13 years, but some have lived much longer. Factors that can affect any cat's lifespan include health, diet, exercise, genetics, living conditions and grooming. Early detection and treatment of health issues, such as dental disease, obesity, and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, can help extend a Maine Coon's lifespan. Worried about how to pay for detection and treatment of health issues? Get your cat Health Insurance!
Health is a fundamental determinant of lifespan, influencing longevity through various biological, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Understanding the relationship between health and lifespan can help individuals make informed decisions to enhance their quality of life and potentially extend their years.
Diet and Nutrition
A balanced diet can help a Maine Coon live a long and happy life. A cat's diet is important for their health because it provides the nutrients they need to support their immune system, digestion, and weight. A balanced diet that's tailored to your cat's individual needs can help ensure they're healthy and energetic.
Here are some tips for keeping your cat healthy with diet:
Choose the right food
Cats are obligate carnivores, so their diet should be based on animal products that provide high amounts of protein, moderate amounts of fat, and minimal carbohydrates. You can consult your veterinarian to determine the best food for your cat.
Feed small, frequent meals
Mimic your cat's natural hunting habits by feeding them small meals throughout the day. Avoid leaving food out all day.
Transition gradually
Sudden changes in diet can cause stomach upset and diarrhea, so transition your cat to new food gradually.
Keep them hydrated
Cats don't drink enough water on their own, so you can encourage them to drink more by providing a water fountain. Canned food also provides some hydration.
Avoid certain foods
Avoid feeding your cat onions, garlic, chocolate, raisins, grapes, macadamia nuts, bread dough, alcohol, and anything with artificial sweeteners.
Exercise
Regular exercise can help a Maine Coon maintain a healthy weight. Exercise is essential for a cat's health because it helps them maintain a healthy weight, improves their muscle tone, and strengthens their bones. Cats who exercise daily are generally less anxious, experience less pain associated with joint disease, and have less significant weight gain throughout their lives. Not only does daily exercise help a cat maintain a healthy weight, but exercise also engages a cat's mind, enhancing their quality of life.
Weight management
Exercise helps cats burn calories and maintain a healthy weight, which can help prevent obesity and related health problems.
Muscle and bone strength
Exercise helps cats build and maintain strong muscles and bones, which is especially important as they age.
Mental health
Exercise can help prevent boredom and anxiety, and allows cats to express their natural behaviors.
Joint health
Cats who exercise daily experience less pain associated with joint disease.
Circulation and respiration
Exercise improves a cat's circulation and respiratory function.
Lifespan
A healthy exercise plan can help extend a cat's lifespan.
Here are some tips for keeping your cat active:
Playtime: Schedule playtime around your cat's most active times, which are dawn and dusk. You can also try breaking playtime into shorter sessions throughout the day.
Toys: Provide your cat with toys like balls, sticks with feathers, or flashlight pointers. You can also try leaving out paper bags, tissue paper, and cardboard boxes to inspire play.
Cat tree or condo: Provide a cat tree or cat condo to encourage climbing.
Scratching post: Provide a scratching post or pad.
Play-dates: Set up play-dates with a friend or relative's pet.
Food puzzles: Provide your cat with a food puzzle to encourage them to work for treats.
Genetics
Genetics play a crucial role in determining an individual's susceptibility to certain diseases and their overall longevity. While you can't change your genetic makeup, understanding your cat’s family history can help you take preventive measures. Maine Coons are prone (like all breed of cats) to inheriting certain diseases from their parents. Genes are segments of DNA that provide instructions for building proteins, which are the building blocks of our cells and carry out various functions in the body.
Mutations can cause problems:
Sometimes, changes in the DNA sequence (mutations) can alter the instructions within a gene, leading to a protein that doesn't work properly.
Inherited conditions:
These mutations can be passed down from parents to children, causing genetic disorders or predisposing individuals to certain diseases.
Examples of genetic diseases:
Sickle cell anemia, cystic fibrosis, and some forms of cancer are examples of diseases caused by specific genetic mutations.
Environmental factors also play a role:
While genetics can influence our health risks, environmental factors like diet, lifestyle, and exposure to toxins can also interact with our genes to impact our health.
Living conditions
A cat's life expectancy can be affected by their overall health and living conditions. Substandard housing such as water leaks, poor ventilation, dirty carpets and pest infestation can lead to an increase in mold, mites and other allergens associated with poor health. Cold indoor conditions have been associated with poorer health, including an increased risk of cardiovascular disease. Poor housing quality can lead to a number of health issues, including:
Mold and allergens
Poor ventilation, water leaks, and dirty carpets can lead to an increase in mold and mites, which can cause poor health.
Cold temperatures
Cold indoor conditions can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease and respiratory conditions.
Lead exposure
Exposure to lead from paint, pipes, and faucets can cause irreversible neurological damage, especially in children.
Overcrowding
Children living in overcrowded homes are more likely to have behavioral problems, poorer physical health, and lower academic performance.
Mental health
Poor housing quality can also lead to mental health issues, including:
Stress, anxiety, and depression
Emotional and behavioral problems
Psychological distress
Grooming
Proper grooming can help ensure a Maine Coon lives a long and healthy life. By grooming your cat, you reduce the amount of hair they swallow, thereby decreasing the occurrence of hairballs. This not only improves their digestive health but also minimizes the risk of choking and intestinal blockages.
Prevent matting: Brushing and combing removes dead fur and prevents tangles and matting, which can lead to skin irritation.
Check for health issues: Regular grooming can help you identify lumps or bumps that could be a sign of cancer or parasites.
Improve circulation: Brushing improves circulation in the skin.
Remove dirt and allergens: Brushing removes dirt particles that can cause allergies.
Trim nails and brush teeth: Regular grooming helps prevent dental disease and infections.
Reduce stress: Grooming can increase oxytocin levels and decrease stress.
Reduce shedding: Grooming removes loose hairs and reduces the risk of hairballs.
Release natural oils: Brushing stimulates the production of natural oils that keep a cat's coat healthy and shiny.
Overgrooming: Overgrooming can be a sign of stress or an underlying illness. It can lead to skin infections and excessive hairballs.
Conditions such as heart disease, diabetes, and cancer significantly impact lifespan. Effective management and treatment of these diseases can improve health outcomes and increase longevity.
FUN FACT
In May 2020, a Maine Coon named Rubble was named the world's oldest cat at the age of 31.
Maine Coon Personality
Maine Coons remain the top number one most popular PET CAT in the world because of their laid back loyal personalities, timeless beauty, and regal coats that can come in a rainbow of colors (75 different colors!). Are you a loyal dog lover looking for a companion without the hassle of a dog? Then this it the right cat breed for you!
Maine Coons are the “dog in a cat’s body.” Maine Coon cats remain the most popular cat breed in the world because of their laid back loyal personalities, timeless beauty, and regal coats that can come in a rainbow of colors.
Diagram: Are you the right owner for a Maine Coon Cat?
Are you a loyal dog lover looking for a companion without the hassle of a dog? Maine Coons are the “dog in a cat’s body.”
The innate temperament of a Maine Coon cat is one of a curious, relaxed, and friendly nature. They are known for being gentle, loving, quirky, talkative animals that love to be around people. The behavior to expect from a kitten is slightly more active than a full-grown adult. Maine Coons are quite intelligent and exhibit amiable traits.
Maine Coons also exhibit curious and playful habits. These beautiful, gentle giants socialize greatly and are the outgoing type, with other animals as well as with people. Their curiosity enables them to interact widely with various pets and humans. The feline version of a dog. Ideal companions for owners who want to avoid additional canine requirements. They are actively seeking social interaction and remaining kitten-like through life without extra energy.
Gentle Giant Temperament
Understand why Maine Coons are called "Gentle Giants"
The term gentle is often used in various contexts to describe actions, behaviors, or characteristics that are mild, kind, and tender. Here’s a closer look at what being gentle Maine Coon entails:
Definitions and Contexts
Physical Touch
In terms of physical interaction Maine Coons are soft and have a careful touch.
Behavior and Attitude
The Maine Coon is a gentle cat often seen as kind-hearted, understanding, and considerate. They are typically calm, patient, and avoid harshness in their dealings with others.
Maine Coons are often empathetic, preferring diplomacy and compromise over conflict.
Emotional Sensitivity
Maine Coons show empathy and understanding towards others' feelings, offering support and comfort when needed. A gentle approach can defuse tense situations and create a more peaceful atmosphere.
Common Questions
Are Maine Coons Lap Cats?
Your loving Maine Coon is very unique, both physically and in purrsonality. ... "They are not, as a general rule, known as "lap cats" but as with any personality trait there are a few Maine Coons that prefer laps.
Are Maine Coons Cuddly?
Despite its excellent hunting capabilities, the Maine Coon is a playful, gentle cat that's very friendly. They aren't the most affectionate cats, but they do occasionally enjoy a cuddle.
Are Maine Coon Cats Aggressive?
Maine Coon cats are not aggressive at all. In fact, they are known for being the most gentle and friendly cat breed of all. However, bad husbandry or undiscovered diseases can cause unwanted aggressive behavior in Maine Coon cats. That´s why you should always do your research thoroughly before getting a Maine Coon cat.
Can Maine Coons Be left alone?
Can Maine Coons Be Left Alone? A Maine Coon cat can be left alone but it won't necessarily be happy about it. Maine Coons are sociable cats and if regularly left alone for any length of time can develop stress and depression.
Will Maine Coons destroy my home?
The Energy Level of the breed is low but exercise daily is essential to the mental well-being of any cat. Exercise combined with socialization is a crucial part of a kitten's training into adulthood. Exposure to friendly atmospheres with positive reinforcement work best.
Maine Coons Traits
Playfulness - 4 out of 5
Activity Level - 3 out of 5
Good With Other Pets 4 out of 5
Friendliness To Children 4 out of 5
Grooming Requirements 4 out of 5
Vocal 1 out of 5
Need for Attention 3 out of 5
Affection Toward Its Owners 4 out of 5
Docility 4 out of 5
Intelligence 4 out of 5
Independence 4 out of 5
Maine Coon History
The first mention of the Maine Coon is made in Francis Simpson's, "The Book of the Cat" in 1902.
Maine Coon is considered to be indigenous to the state of Maine. The majority of Coon Cat breeders assert that the breed emerged from the interbreeding of existing shorthaired domestic cats and longhaired breeds from abroad, possibly including Angora types introduced by New England sailors or longhaired cats brought to America by the Vikings.
The earlier ancestors of today’s domestic cats spread from southwest Asia and into Europe as early as 4400 B.C. The cats likely started hanging around farming communities in the Fertile Crescent about 8,000 years ago, where they settled into a mutually beneficial relationship as human rodent patrol. The first mention of the Maine Coon is made in Francis Simpson's, "The Book of the Cat" in 1902. In fact, a whole section is dedicated to this very old breed, written by F.R. Pierce. Here he asserts;
The transition from adorned or glorified “Barn Cat” to pedigreed CFA finalist was neither an easy one nor did it happen quickly.
Origins
For many years, these myths and theories have speculated that the long-haired Maine Coon cat must be related to other long-haired breeds, largely because of the noticeable similarities in their physical appearance and characteristics.
European Seafarers
Some say that Maine Coons are descendants of long-haired cats brought to Maine by European seafarers in the 1850s however Maine Coons descend from cats brought to New England by Puritan settlers in the 1600s and 1700s according to phylogenetic studies. Genetically, they are most closely related to cats in the United Kingdom among European breeds.
Convergent Evolution
Their resemblance to the Turkish Angora Cat, Norwegian Forest Cat and Siberian Forest Cat is due to convergent evolution, not genetic similarity. Convergent evolution happens when unrelated organisms develop similar features or behaviors, often as solutions to the same challenges. This process can lead to similar body shapes, color patterns, or abilities.
Western European Cat Branch
Phylogenetic studies indicate that the Maine Coon is part of the Western European monophyletic cat lineage, closely related to the random-bred cat population in the Northeastern US, particularly the New York area. This Western European lineage also includes the Norwegian and Siberian Forest cats, although they belong to a different sub-branch.
Phylogenetic Map
Pictured below is a phylogenetic map of cat breeds from Lipinski 2008;
Phylogenetic map of cat breeds from Lipinski 2008.
Racoon Hybrid Myth
Maine Coons are not hybrids of raccoons. Raccoons are not closely related to cats. They are part of the Procyonidae family, while cats are part of the Felidae family.
Racoon Facts
Raccoons and cats are both mammals, but they are different species.
Raccoons are more closely related to bears than cats.
Raccoons and cats have different genetic makeup, making it biologically impossible for them to mate.
Raccoons are omnivores, while cats are obligate carnivores.
Additional information
Raccoons are known for their black masks and ringed tails.
Raccoons are intelligent and have dexterous front paws.
The earliest known raccoon ancestor, Procyonoides, lived in Europe around 40 million years ago.
Over time, Procyonoides migrated to North America and evolved into the raccoons we know today.
Phylogenetic map of carnivora families
Cat Shows
Early Popularity
The Maine Coon was all the rage in the early 20th century but lost popularity after the introduction of other long-haired breeds to the U.S.
Breed Extinction
The popularity of the Maine Coon breed declined significantly with the introduction of other long-haired cat breeds, such as the Persian, which originates from the Middle East. The last recorded victory by a Maine Coon in a national cat show happened in 1911 at a show in Portland, Oregon. After this event, the breed was rarely seen in competitions or public exhibitions.
The decline in the breeds numbers and visibility was so severe that the breed was even declared extinct in the 1950s, although this declaration was considered exaggerated and premature.
In response to this decline, the Central Maine Cat Club (CMCC) was established in the early 1950s by Ethylin Whittemore, Alta Smith, and Ruby Dyer. Their goal was to revive and increase the popularity of the Maine Coon breed. For 11 years, the CMCC organized cat shows and hosted exhibitions featuring photographs of the breed.
The club is also noted for creating the first written breed standards for the Maine Coon, helping to formalize and preserve the breed's unique characteristics.
Cosey, The Earliest Maine Coon Show Cat
Cosey the Maine Coon was awarded a silver medal marked “National Cat Show, 1895,” with a cat face in the middle, a silver cat collar engraved “National Cat Show, 1895, won by Cosey,” and a picture of “Cosey” wearing a collar ribbon marked “National Cat Show.”
'Cosey' is recognition for being the earliest and most successful competitive examples of the Maine Coon breed in it’s earliest of development.
“After years of local competitions and adoration, the Maine Coon Cat was chosen as Best Cat at the first major cat show ever held in the United States. “Cosey,” a brown tabby female Maine Coon Cat, was awarded this distinction at the Madison Square Garden show held in NYC in May of 1895. The silver collar and medal awarded to Cosey is on display at the CFA headquarters in Alliance, Ohio. “
Cosey was awarded a silver medal marked “National Cat Show, 1895,” This silver collar, an important piece of cat fancy history, was purchased by the CFA Foundation for its Jean Baker Rose Memorial Library housed at the CFA Central Office. This purchase was made possible thanks to a generous donation from the National Capital Cat Show.
Breed Traits For Harsh Climates
Maine Coons and similar cat breeds evolved in environments characterized by harsh weather conditions, where natural selection played a significant role in promoting certain advantageous traits. Their thick, long coats provide essential insulation against the cold, while their toe and ear tufts help protect sensitive areas from harsh winds and snow. Additionally, their large bodies contribute to their ability to retain heat, and their snowshoe-like feet enable them to navigate snowy terrains more efficiently. These features are beneficial in the challenging climates from which these breeds originate.
Fur Coat
The Maine Coon cat is renowned for its luxurious and dense fur coat, which serves as a defining feature of the breed. This thick, water-repellent coat not only adds to the majestic appearance of the Maine Coon but also provides excellent insulation, making it well-suited for colder climates.
Size
The size of a Maine Coon cat is notably large compared to other domestic cat breeds. These cats are often recognized for their substantial body, which can range from medium to very large, with males typically being larger than females. Adult Maine Coons can weigh anywhere from 10 to 25 pounds or more, and their length can extend up to 40 inches from the tip of the nose to the end of the tail. This impressive size contributes to their majestic and robust appearance, making them one of the largest domesticated cat breeds in the world.
Polydactylism
Maine Coon cats with Polydactylism, a condition where these cats have extra toes, making their paws larger and more unique, are often admired for their distinct appearance and historical significance.
Hemingway's cats are a group of polydactyl cats that lived with Ernest Hemingway at his home in Key West, Florida. The cats are known for having extra toes, or polydactyly, a physical anomaly that they inherited from a dominant gene.
Health
Larger cats can face a heightened risk of developing various health issues that may overshadow their physical appeal. Conditions such as hip dysplasia, heart disease, and arthritis are more prevalent in larger felines, which can lead to a diminished quality of life as they age. While the visual allure of a big cat may be enticing, it is crucial for prospective owners to consider the potential health complications that can arise in their later years.
Moreover, the focus on size can sometimes overshadow other important traits that contribute to a cat's overall well-being and suitability as a pet. Factors such as temperament, socialization, and adaptability to different living environments are equally, if not more, important when selecting a feline companion. Ultimately, while the Maine Coon's impressive size may be a point of fascination, it is vital for both breeders and potential owners to prioritize the health and well-being of the cat above all else. By doing so, they can ensure a happier, healthier life for their feline friends, regardless of their size.
Large Size
Numerous breeders tend to emphasize the size of their cats, often showcasing the impressive stature of breeds like the Maine Coon as a key selling point. While the Maine Coon's large size is certainly an intriguing characteristic that captures the attention of potential cat owners, it is essential to recognize that this feature should not be regarded as the most significant aspect of the breed.
Heart
Inheritance Patterns
Autosomal recessive: One possible inheritance pattern for heart disease in pedigree animals.
Autosomal dominant: Another possible inheritance pattern for heart disease in pedigree animals.
Polygenic: Another possible inheritance pattern for heart disease in pedigree animals.
Breeding Strategies
Maine Coon Breeders can use information about inheritance patterns to reduce the frequency of heart disease in their breeding programs.
Foundation Cats & Catteries
Maine Coon Foundation Cats - Top 5
Andy Katt of Heidi Ho – about 20%
Bridget Katt of Heidi Ho – about 20%
Dauphin de France of Tati-Tan – about 15%
Tatiana of Tati-Tan – about 8%
Whittemore Smokie Joe (or Smokie Joe of Whittemore) – about 7%
Founding Maine Coon Catteries - Top 15
Abnaki - Liz Bicknell
Havenwood - Patricia McIntire
Heidi Ho - Connie Condit
Highmeadow and Kent - Diane Ziessow
Illya - George Andre
Jo Stad - Rod & Betty Ljostad
Le Beau Minu/Mountview - Carol & Tom Pedley
Mor-Ace - Anthony Morace
Norwynde - Lillias Vanderhoff
Quan Yin - Cynthia Wilson
Sundar - Phyllis Voth
Tanstaafl - Beth Hicks
Tati-Tan - Sonya Stanislow
War-Tell - Florence Wartell
Whittemore - Ethelyn Whittemore
Credit: Pawpeds Maine Coon History
Did you know?
Maine Coons were popular with New England farmers in the 1800s for their mousing skills.
Special shows for Maine Coons were held as early as the 1860s.
The CFA awarded Maine Coons championship status in the 1950s.
Maine Coons are the official state cat of Maine.
References
Further reading about Maine Coon History
Official Catalogue of Entries, National Cat Show, Madison Square Garden, New York 1895
Original photograph, by Julius A. Gross, Brooklyn, New York
Silver Collar, donated by Mrs. Richard F. Carman, 1895. Photo by Tetsu
Silver Medallion, The National Cat Show 1895. Photo by Tetsu
Silver Collar and Medal. Photo by Larry Johnson
The Angora Cat, by Robert Kent James, 1898
Newspaper article on 1896 Show, published 5th March 1896, Samuel C. Perkins Scrapbook
New Photograph from original by Julius Gross. Photo by Tetsu
Edited Excerpts from an article by Bobara Pendergrast
Harpers Weekly, 26th January, 1884
The Daily Graphic, New York, 6th March, 1880
The Birmingham and National Cat Show - Catalogue, 1873
Quotations and Illustrations as per credits noted
Maine Coon Size
Maine Coons can weigh up to 30 pounds with an average weight of 17+ pounds. Their body mass is spread evenly throughout their long slender body. Slender cats can weigh 9-14 pounds but can still look the same as a more substantial set. Weight should not be guaranteed. Their massive tails can measure up to 16 inches in length. Some remark they are more tail than a cat. The longest Maine coon cat living measures 120 cm (3 ft 11.2 in) and was achieved by Barivel (Italy), as verified on 22 May 2018 by Guinness Book Of World Records.
The Maine Coon has held the title of Longest domestic cat for almost a decade. Maine Coons can weigh up to 30 pounds with an average weight of 17+ pounds. Their body mass is spread evenly throughout their long slender body. Slender cats can weigh 9-14 pounds but can still look the same as a more substantial set. Weight should not be guaranteed. Their massive tails can measure up to 16 inches in length. Some remark they are more tail than a cat. The longest Maine coon cat living measures 120 cm (3 ft 11.2 in) and was achieved by Barivel (Italy), as verified on 22 May 2018 by Guinness Book Of World Records. To put that in context, that’s longer than a baseball bat or equivalent to seven iPads laid out in a row!
Male vs Female Size
Are males larger than females?
While it is generally observed that males tend to be significantly larger than females, it is possible for females to reach comparable sizes. This variation is largely dependent on genetics and the specific breeding lines utilized..
Additionally, factors such as diet, environment, and overall health can also influence the size of a Maine Coon, regardless of gender. Owners of these majestic cats often find that their personalities are as big as their physical size, with both males and females known for their affectionate and playful nature. Whether male or female, a Maine Coon can make a delightful and loving companion.
Maine Coon growing up from 3 weeks old to full grown.
Barivel - Maine Coon
Guinness World Record Holder (2018 +)
Meet Barivel, the new Guinness World Records Longest cat-living. Measuring 120 cm (3ft 11.2in) this Maine Coon lives in Italy with his family. Come and see how he gets along.
Ludo - Maine Coon
Guinness World Record Holder (2015 - 2018)
Ludo – owned by Kelsey Gill (UK, above) – was 118.33 cm (3 ft 10.5 in) long when measured on 6 Oct 2015. So Ludo really did lose his crown by just a whisker – or 1.7 cm (0.6 in) to be precise.
Stewie - Maine Coon
Guinness World Record Holder (2012-2015)
Neither Barivel nor Ludo quite measures up to the Longest domestic cat ever, though. Mymains Stewart Gilligan – you guessed it, another Maine Coon – was verified to be 123 cm (48.5 in) on 28 Aug 2010. “Stewie” also previously held the record for longest tail on a domestic cat, at 41.5 cm (16.3 in). Stewie sadly died in 2013. RIP Stewie.
Internet Famous For Size
We have to mention Lotus, the majestically Maine Coon the internet LOVES. So far the cute cat model has 49.5k followers. One of the most photogenic cats, and if you haven’t seen this magnificence yet, just scroll through the photos below and take a look at his Instagram for more. (h/t)
©Lindstein - Please visit her Instagram!
Are Maine Coons a dangerous cat breed?
DANGER, DANGER, DANGER…. The hair on your clothes is the only danger you will be in with this lovable gentle cat breed. They are the polar opposite of dangerous. That’s not to say you cant make them upset or raise them incorrectly but you would have to try hard to make this cat mean.
Polydactyl Maine Coons
Polydactyl Maine Coons are in fact Maine Coons not a different breed nor a cross of breeds. CFF and TICA have accepted the Polydactyl Maine Coon into championship status. Pterodactyl (from the Greek: poly = many, daktulos = fingers) is a common trait in cats inherited as an autosomal dominant. It is a naturally occurring genetic variation that occurs in many animals as well as in humans. Although the trait had been observed earlier, the first official scientific recording of pterodactyl was in 1868.
Polydactyl Maine Coons are in fact Maine Coons not a different breed nor a cross of breeds. CFF and TICA have accepted the Polydactyl Maine Coon into championship status. Pterodactyl (from the Greek: poly = many, daktulos = fingers) is a common trait in cats inherited as an autosomal dominant. It is a naturally occurring genetic variation that occurs in many animals as well as in humans. Although the trait had been observed earlier, the first official scientific recording of pterodactyl was in 1868.
What is a polydactyl cat?
The gene for polydactylism can give rise to either extra toes or extra dewclaws. Each toe has its own “terminal pad” (the fingertip pad) and often an extension of the palmar pad (the larger pad on the front foot) or plantar pad (the larger pad on the rear foot).
It is possible for cats to even have different numbers of toes on each of its front feet!
Front Feet Polydactyl
The expression 2x or 2wd (wheel drive) refers to front feet being polydactyl.
Back Feet Polydactyl
The expression 4x or 4wd (wheel drive) refers to all four feet being polydactyl.
How many toes does a cat have?
Normally, a cat has 18 digits. The front paw has 4-5 toes and 1 dewclaw (the small toe on the medial side of the foot that doesn’t touch the ground). Most polydactyl cats have one or two extra toes on each foot, with the extra toes appearing on the thumb side of the foot. The normal rear paw has four toes.
Extra toes In Cats
Pictures Back feet Polydactyl
Pictures front feet Polydactyl
Health Concerns
Harmless
Polydactyly is a harmless genetic trait that is inherited from a parent
Autosomal Dominant
The polydactyl gene is autosomal dominant, meaning only one parent needs to contribute a copy of the gene for the trait to appear
Anomalies
The polydactyl gene is not linked to other anomalies
FACT: Most cases of polydactylism affect the front feet only.
Maine Coon Ear Tips
Maine Coon Cat ears are like that of a wild “Lynx Cat” with tufts of fur located on the ends. They have ears that are built for maximum warmth in the harsh winters of Maine. Their ears are covered in thick tufts of fur. Ear Tips and ear tufts are interchangeable terms used to describe the fur found located on the ear’s ends. Thick ear tips add a very distinctive wild-looking physical appearance to the Maine Coon.
Maine Coon Cat ears are like that of a wild “Lynx Cat” with tufts of fur located on the ends. They have ears that are built for maximum warmth in the harsh winters of Maine. Maine Coon Ears are often covered in thick tufts of fur. Ear Tips and ear tufts are interchangeable terms used to describe the fur found located on the ear’s ends.
Ear Tufts: Maine Coons have Ear tufts which is the fur that grows from the tips of the ears (often dubbed lynx tipping).
The overall size of ear tufts varies from cat to cat. Maine Coon ear tufts can be any shade of any color, even multiple colors.
The growth of ear tufts varies from line to line. The total length of Maine Coon ear tips is impacted by genetics, diet, and grooming.
As shown below we see what a difference in-ear tip fullness in less than a month’s time. Ear Tips, Ear Tufts, Ear Fluff, Lynx Tips, and Ear Tassels refer to the hair at the tip of the ear. Theories about the function of Lynx Ear Tufts range from improved ability to camouflage, aiding in finding a suitable mate to giving a more threatening appearance to discourage predators.
Ear Furnishings: All breeds of cats have fur in the ear, however, Maine Coon furnishings are longer and more pronounced. This adds to the breed’s wild appearance.
Often a Maine Coon is compared to a lynx or bobcat, in fact they are mistaken as one or being a hybrid of either. Maine Coons have no wild ancestor, ancestors of the Maine Coon Cat were long-haired coats brought in to the State of Maine, in America, by seafarers in the 1850s. First recorded in cat literature in 1861 with a mention of a black and white cat named "Captain Jinks of the Horse Marines," Maine Coons
were popular competitors at early cat shows in Boston and New York. A brown tabby female named "Cosie" won Best Cat at the 1895 Madison Square Garden Show.
Question: Do all Maine Coons have large ear tufts?
Answer: No. Thicker and longer ear tips are still very hard to find. CFA show breeders avoid thick ear tips, see the CFA Maine Coon Breed Standard that calls for no "extreme" features. However this not a show disqualification.
CFA Maine Coon Breed Standard: “originally a working cat, the Maine Coon is solid, rugged, and can endure a harsh climate. A distinctive characteristic is its smooth, shaggy coat. A well proportioned and balanced appearance with no part of the cat being exaggerated. ……”
maine coon cat colors
Maine Coons are available in a variety of 75 different color combinations with the exception of pointed patterns and colors. Common colors include blue, red, black, white, silver, and brown. They can be with white patches of varying degrees or solid colors with no white. Smoke is often confused with black color. Smoke is a black cat affected by the inhibitor gene.
Maine Coons are available in a variety of 75 different color combinations with the exception of pointed patterns and colors. Common colors for Maine Coons include blue, red, black, white, silver, and brown. Maine Coons can be with white patches of varying degrees or a completely solid color with no white. Maine Coons Patterns are separate from the coat’s color, the accepted patterns are classic, mackerel, spotted/ticked, solid, and torbie.
Solid coat colors in cats. Photography ©Thinkstock Images.
Solid Colors
Genetically there are four basic solid colors of cats: black, chocolate, cinnamon and red. All other solid colors are modifications of these. Red is a form of tabby as it is impossible to completely eliminate the tabby markings.
Why are there not five basic colors?
White is counted as an absence of color rather than a color.
Different countries, registries and breeds have different names for some of the same basic colours. Even where the same name is used, there may be different views on what is an acceptable or ideal version of that color. Colors that appear identical to the human eye are caused by different genetic interactions.
Black Color
White Color
Red Color (ginger or orange)
Blue Color (Silver or Grey)
Cream Color
The same colors are called by different names in different breeds. Even in the same breed, the color may have different names depending on which country the cat comes from and which registry it is registered with. American registries like to add "mink" after the Tonkinese colors whereas British registries use the same name for that color as is used in the equivalent Siamese or Burmese colour. Confused? Don't worry - there are some cross-reference tables later on!
The jet-black colour you known as "black" is called "ebony" and "ebony tabby" in Orientals, "black" in solid coloured domestic shorthairs, "brown" when it refers to brown tabby domestic shorthairs, "bronze" in Egyptian Maus, "tawny" in Ocicats and "ruddy" in Abyssinians. In colour-pointed cats, "black" is called "seal". In Burmese it is "sable" or "seal sepia" and in American Tonkinese it is "cinnamon" or "natural mink". In the Asian breed (self Burmese cats) it has a breed name to itself "Bombay". Shaded silvers, black smokes and chinchilla cats may look various shades of grey or silver, but they are black cats with silver roots to their fur. Add dilution and it becomes "blue". Modify the dilution and it becomes "caramel". Yet it is still basically a black cat.
Dilute Gene
The dilute gene must be present in both the sire and dam’s pedigree in order to produce dilute offspring.
9 eumelanin-based (black-based) self colours and 3 phaeomelanin-based (red-based) self colours @Messybeast
Pictures of Maine Coons by Color
Black Maine Coon
White Maine Coon
Red Maine Coon (ginger or orange)
Orange maine coon or sometimes referred to incorrect as ginger maine coon. Orange is registered as a red color. Pedigree papers will detail the cat as red bas color and pattern of tabby, classic, mackeral.
Blue Maine Coon (Silver or Grey)
Cream Maine Coon
Cream tabby Maine Coon Cats are a diluted version of red. Cream Maine Coons are a solid buff cream color, while shaded Maine Coons have a gradient effect with darker tips and lighter roots.
Bi-Color Maine Coons
A bicolor cat or piebald Maine Coon Cat is a cat with white fur combined with fur of some other color, for example, black or tabby. There are various patterns of a bicolor cat. These range from a Turkish Van pattern (color on the crown of the head and the tail only) through to solid color with a throat locket.
BLACK & WHITE
BLUE & WHITE
RED & WHITE
CREAM & WHITE
Parti-Colors
"Tortoiseshell" is typically reserved for particolored cats with relatively small or no white markings. Those that are largely white with tortoiseshell patches are described as tricolor, tortoiseshell-and-white (in the United Kingdom), or calico (in Canada and the United States)
Colors in this category:
TORTOISESHELL
BLUE-CREAM
Shell, Shaded, Smoke Colors
What is a smoke color cat?
Smoke Color Maine Coons are a solid color cat that carries the inhibitor gene which suppresses the color in the hair shaft. This means that the cat's hairs are dark (usually black) at the tips but have much lighter colored bands near the bottom. All solid colors can be affected by the inhibitor gene which labels them “Smoke” plus the underlining solid color.
Example: Solid Blue + Inhibitor Gene = Blue Smoke
Example: Solid Red + Inhibitor Gene = Red Smoke
How to tell the difference between the shaded, shell, and silver cats?
Silver color cats have more than 33% of the hair ends colored.
Shaded color cats have 33% or 1/3 of the hair ends are colored.
Shell color cats have 12% or 1/8 of the hair ends are colored.
Colors in this category:
CHINCHILLA SILVER
SHADED SILVER
CHINCHILLA BLUE SILVER
SHADED BLUE SILVER
SHELL CAMEO
SHADED CAMEO
SHELL CREAM
SHADED CREAM
SHELL TORTOISESHELL
SHADED TORTOISESHELL
SHELL BLUE-CREAM
SHADED BLUE-CREAM
BLACK SMOKE
BLUE SMOKE
CAMEO SMOKE
CREAM SMOKE
TORTIE SMOKE
BLUE-CREAM SMOKE
Read Full Article: Smoke, Shaded, Shell Maine Coons
Shaded/Smoke with White
Shaded and smoke colors in this category:
CHINCHILLA SILVER & WHITE
SHADED SILVER & WHITE
CHINCHILLA BLUE SILVER & WHITE
SHADED BLUE SILVER & WHITE
SHELL CAMEO & WHITE
SHADED CAMEO & WHITE
SHELL CREAM & WHITE
SHADED CREAM & WHITE
SHELL TORTOISESHELL & WHITE
SHADED TORTOISESHELL & WHITE
SHELL CALICO
SHADED CALICO
SHELL BLUE-CREAM & WHITE
SHADED BLUE-CREAM & WHITE
SHELL DILUTE CALICO
Tabby Pattern
Tabby colors in this category:
BROWN TABBY
BROWN PATCHED TABBY
SILVER TABBY
SILVER PATCHED TABBY
RED TABBY
BLUE-SILVER TABBY
BLUE-SILVER PATCHED TABBY
BLUE TABBY
BLUE PATCHED TABBY
CREAM TABBY
CREAM SILVER TABBY
CAMEO TABBY
Tabby Pattern with White
Tabby with white colors in this category:
BROWN TABBY & WHITE
BROWN PATCHED TABBY & WHITE
SILVER TABBY & WHITE
SILVER PATCHED TABBY & WHITE
RED TABBY & WHITE
TABBY & WHITE
PATCHED TABBY & WHITE
Gallery
If you have a clear picture of colors not shown please email me and I will provide credit to list your photo below!
White is counted as an absence of color rather than a color!
Colors as listed on CFA (Cat Fanciers’ Association) website 2018
www.CFA.org
Maine Coon Grooming
Properly grooming a Maine Coon depends on the fur texture, age, lifestyle and overall health. Some long coats never tangle, while others mat overnight.
Maine Coons do require grooming on a regular basis. The amount of grooming required will depend on the texture of the fur, age of the cat, lifestyle, and overall health. Some long coats almost never tangle, while others can become matted overnight. If your cat’s coat is prone to matting, daily brushing/combing may be necessary. Otherwise, about three times per week should suffice.
Grooming Tools
Grooming long-haired cats require some specialized tools. Most groomers recommend a wire slicker brush, an undercoat brush with a combination of wide and narrow teeth, a finer-toothed comb to go through the undercoat after you use the narrower brush, a flea comb for short-furred areas like the head, and a mat splitter. You may be able to substitute a letter opener like the one shown here for a mat splitter.
Metal combs: Metal combs have teeth that are far apart are good for keeping a dense undercoat from matting. Combs remove the harder to reach underfur.
Wire slicker brush: This flat, metal brush has small, fine wire bristles that are bent at an angle. Wire slickers will remove any loose top fur, not the undercoat.
Soft-bristled brush is good for removing dirt, debris, dead skin cells, and loose hair from your cat’s coat. It’s also nice to use at the end of a grooming session to distribute the oils through the coat, which makes it shiny and smooth.
Mat splitter: does just what it says. Sometimes mats are unavoidable no matter how much you groom your long-haired cat, and must be removed for good coat health.
Grooming TIPS
Start Grooming young
It’s best to start getting your cat acquainted with grooming at an early age. Professional groomers and breeders say you can begin grooming your kitten as young as eight weeks of age.
Build trust a little bit at a time
Not all long-haired cats get used to grooming as kittens, however, so you may still have a job in front of you when you begin grooming an adult cat. The good news is that while you’re acquainting her with the joy of a good brushing and combing, you can start easy. In the beginning, groom her back first. Cats tend to be less stressed when you’re not approaching vulnerable parts like the belly. Be sure to reward her patience with her favorite treats.
Be gentle when you find mats
Don’t tug on mats. It hurts and you may rip your cat’s delicate skin. Instead, use a mat splitter to cut the mat into smaller pieces, which you can then remove with a comb. I’ve also found that if you can grasp the hair by the roots and begin combing the mat out from the end of the hair, it relieves some of the pain of tugging and allows you to get the mat out a little bit at a time.
Do long-haired cats need haircuts?
The short answer is, no. Unless your cat has a matted coat, haircuts are unnecessary. Grooming your cat regularly is recommended by your veterinarian for your specific breed.
Deshedding Tool
Don’t want your Maine Coon to have so much fur? This comb will remove a significant portion, especially with regular usage. This dual-sided matt demolisher features 23 stainless-steel teeth designed to tear through even the densest of tangles. A non-slip ergonomic handle makes it a breeze to detangle your pet’s hair, while rounded edges serve to protect your little one’s sensitive skin from sharp blades. Plus, Pet Republique will donate 15% of all profits to the American Animal Rescue Society, so each purchase you make helps to save the life of a dog or cat in need.
Carding Buttercomb 4"
Strips undercoat like no other. Many slicker brushes have sharp ends that can scrape and damage a cat’s delicate skin. High-quality metal combs penetrate deeply into the coat to remove dead hair, knots, and tangles, without irritating the skin. Brushing a cat isn’t the best technique in removing shedding hair and undercoat, and a lot of the time it just adds static. Brushes do not reach down to the skin where the problem may be. But if you decide to brush the cat anyway, I recommend using a soft bristle brush versus a metal slicker brush. The slicker can scrape the cat’s skin so I don’t use them.
TIP: Best Maine Coon comb is a 10” long, 1 ½ inch tined greyhound comb
Slicker Brush
PRO TIP: Use a Slicker Brush to “brush” your cat trees! You heard me right, the easiest way to clean a carpeted cat tree is to first use a wire brush. It will pick up 90% of the hair.
My Favorite Shampoo
Bio-Groom Purrfect White! My only complaint is I can’t get a gallon jug! Smells amazing with amazing results!
Groomer’s Goop
The professional choice of groomers, breeders, and those who show their pets. It’s a great first step to ‘degrease’ the coats of Persian, Himalayan, and Maine Coon cats and long-haired dogs. Its enriched formula contains lanolin, glycerin, vitamin E, and aloe vera to better treat your animal’s skin. Groomer’s GOOP offers a complete line of pet de-greasers, shampoos, conditioners, rinse-free shampoo wipes, plus leave-in conditioning spray and coat freshening spray.
Lion Cut
Cats can get lion cuts whether they are long or short-haired. The most common reason for a lion cut is matting. If a cat is already matted, the best and most humane option is to shave the cat into a lion cut, then get the cat on a regular grooming schedule to prevent matting. Cats should not be cut with anything smaller than a #10 blade (1.5mm).
TIP: If you use a 9.5MM blade on the clippers you will get a non-buzzed/shaved appearance. Instead, the hair will be slightly longer. Many groomers will use a smaller blade resulting in an unappealing super short haircut. Remember to ask for a blended transition if you prefer less abrupt sections.
Lion Cut Maine Coon using 2.5MM blade. (via mammamia_s)
Grooming Spray Video
Grooming Warnings
Maine Coon Diet
Cats are obligate carnivores, which means that they rely on nutrients found only in animal products. Cats evolved as hunters that consume prey that contains high amounts of protein, moderate amounts of fat, and a minimal amount of carbohydrates, and their diet still requires these general proportions today. Cats also require more than a dozen other nutrients, including vitamins, minerals, fatty acids, and amino acids. Their systems are set up to metabolize a natural diet high in moisture, high in protein and very low in carbohydrates.
Maine Coons like all cats are obligate carnivores. This means that they rely on nutrients found only in animal products. Cats evolved as hunters that consume prey that contains high amounts of protein, moderate amounts of fat, and a minimal amount of carbohydrates, and their diet still requires these general proportions today. Cats also require more than a dozen other nutrients, including vitamins, minerals, fatty acids, and amino acids. Their systems are set up to metabolize a natural diet high in moisture, high in protein, and very low in carbohydrates.
What are we feeding?
Dry Food
Royal Canin Spayed & Neutered Kitten - Left out at all times (24/7).
Royal Canin Ragdoll Adult Cat Food - Left out at all times (24/7).
Daily Treat
We feed kittens a properly balanced raw diet once a day. Alternatively, if you dislike raw then we suggest 1 can of Friskies mixed with 1 cup of dry food. Providing a balanced raw diet is key otherwise raw is not a healthier option. Raw is the healthiest option for your cat. We buy prepackaged “Ground Chicken From HARE-TODAY”. This is a whole diet that you can serve, you can add Friskies canned for picky cats.
Immunity Support
Tomlyn Immune Support L-Lysine Powder Cat Supplement is a veterinarian-formulated supplement that supports your cat’s immune system, and respiratory and eye health. Taste tested and loved by cats and kittens, safe and effective for cats of all ages. Especially good for kittens going to a new home and dealing with the stress of relocation. Our vet turned us on to the supplement and we find it fantastic.
Raw Cat Food
We suggest feeding Maine Coons a properly balanced raw diet. Properly balanced raw is the healthiest option for your cat. Providing a ***balanced*** raw diet is key, otherwise raw is not the healthier option. Cats fed a balanced raw diet have a higher muscle mass (weighing more), a healthier coat, lower risk for certain diseases, and have a longer life expectancy. Providing a balanced raw diet is key otherwise raw is not a healthier option. Switching to raw should not upset your cat’s stomach. We buy prepackaged (Ground chicken bones & organs) from HARE TODAY (https://hare-today.com/)
Feeding a properly balanced raw diet is the best species-appropriate diet possible. Raw is the cheapest option per pound but requires the most planning. Kittens should be fed as much raw as they want twice a day till 1.5-2 years of age. Adults consume 3%-6% of their body weight in raw but can eat more (Some cats simply burn more energy). If you are concerned your cat is not eating the correct amount please consult your veterinarian, a veterinarian should be able to do a physical exam to assess body condition.
Feline Nutrition Foundation Quote
“A balanced raw diet includes flesh, organs, a bone or ground bone, and a small amount of vegetation. Most people try to feed meats that are close to what cats would naturally be eating, so meat such as beef, which can cause allergic reactions in some cats, lamb, and pork are used less often. Fish should be avoided except for occasional use for many reasons including heavy metal contamination, vitamin E depletion, and the fact that cats get addicted to it because of its strong taste. Raw cat food diets try to balance the meat to bone ratio to match that of a wild diet, usually mouse or rabbit. This balances the calcium to phosphorus ratio. Cats cannot live on meat alone. Their calcium source is ideally from bone, not a supplement, as bone provides other minerals such as copper and zinc, along with collagen. Rawbone is highly digestible and provides calcium, minerals, and enzymes. The marrow is nutrient-rich. It is only cooked bone that is dangerous.”
DIY Raw Cat Food
The Feline Diet
What do cats really need?
Cats have no dietary need for carbohydrates, carbs are processed and stored as fat. A carb-heavy diet will stress the cat’s digestive system and reduce the efficiency of protein absorption. If the diet does not contain enough animal protein for their daily needs, or they are unable to process an adequate amount of that protein, cats will sabotage the muscles in their own bodies to obtain their daily needs. Additionally, feline satiety is signaled by the ingestion of sufficient amounts of animal protein in their food; lacking it, they will consistently overeat, resulting in yet more carbs being converted to fat.
Cats are unable to synthesize eleven different amino acids; arginine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, threonine, tryptophan, valine, and, taurine. Cats also can not synthesize vitamin A, vitamin D, and the fatty acid arachidonic. Cats can create niacin but insufficient to their needs so they must consume niacin daily.
How to pick a cat food brand?
Seek brands that have an AAFCO-approved nutritional guarantee and adherence to WSAVA guidelines. Avoid canned foods containing peas, lentils, other legume seeds, or potatoes as the main ingredients. Limited grain content is ok this includes corn and rice.
What is the WSAVA?
The World Small Animal Veterinary Association is an international group of over 200,000 veterinary professionals. Their mission is to “advance the health and welfare of companion animals worldwide through an educated, committed, and collaborative global community of veterinary peers.”
WSAVA Guidelines
Evidence of scientific formulation
Extensive testing
Quality control by manufacturing their own foods.
Research to meet long-term nutritional needs and subject this research to a peer-review process.
What to avoid in cat foods?
Avoid a “BEG” diet (Boutique brands, Exotic ingredients, Grain replaced with pulse).
Boutique brands - A boutique brand is one made by a pet food manufacturer who does not employ an appropriately qualified team of experts to study and formulate their diets. These companies often rely on marketing trends rather than testing and nutritional research.
Exotic ingredients- These are ingredients not classically found in pet foods and consist of animal proteins such as kangaroo, buffalo/bison, ostrich, alligator, duck, lamb, salmon, venison, and rabbit.
Grain replaced with pulse- Traditional grains have been replaced with pulse ingredients (legume seeds such as peas, lentils, various beans, and chickpeas) and it is these pulse ingredients that are currently thought to be a major contributor to the development of NM-DCM. *
Expert Advice
“A balanced raw diet includes flesh, organs, a bone or ground bone and a small amount of vegetation. Most people try to feed meats that are close to what cats would naturally be eating, so meat such as beef, which can cause allergic reactions in some cats, lamb, and pork are used less often. Fish should be avoided except for occasional use for many reasons including heavy metal contamination, vitamin E depletion and the fact that cats get addicted to it because of its strong taste. Raw cat food diets try to balance the meat to bone ratio to match that of a wild diet, usually mouse or rabbit. This balances the calcium to phosphorus ratio. Cats cannot live on meat alone. Their calcium source is ideally from bone, not a supplement, as bone provides other minerals such as copper and zinc, along with collagen. Raw bone is highly digestible and provides calcium, minerals and enzymes. The marrow is nutrient rich. It is only cooked bone that is dangerous.”
“Canned cat food has a moisture content of at least 75 percent, making it a good dietary source of water. Water is essential for chemical reactions in the body, temperature regulation and joint health and mobility. It makes up about 60 percent of your cat’s body, so it’s vital to maintain proper hydration through adequate water intake. Canned foods for cats are often higher in protein and lower in carbohydrate than most dry diets. Because of the water, they are also lower in calories per volume and the cans offer built-in portion control versus having a whole bag of dry food. Many of the newer canned cat foods are very high in moisture – some as high as 85%, and this can make these diets much more expensive to feed than dry diets or lower moisture diets, which may be a consideration for some cat owners.”
FDA WARNING (Stop Grain Free)
What is the FDA DCM Report?
June 2019, The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) is alerting pet owners and veterinary professionals about reports of feline and canine Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) eating certain pet foods containing peas, lentils, other legume seeds, or potatoes as main ingredients. DCM is occurring in breeds not genetically prone to the disease. Animals with DCM respond to medication and supplementation regimens. DCM can lead to congestive heart failure.
What is causing DCM?
Nutritional DCM is thought to be caused by a deficiency or malabsorption earlier in the amino acid pathway, where the cat/dog should be accessing the cysteine and methionine in the foods, or it's a leaching/binding of the taurine in the cat or dog's body by the fiber in legumes and pulses, or both. All pet food companies have had low levels of DCM cases, it is the surge in DCM cases that has raised alarm. For example; Diamond is significantly smaller than Hills and Diamond has 117 cases confirmed by the FDA. Hills has 3 cases confirmed limited only to their grain-free diets. Plant protein in legumes (non-grain) is much higher than grains so, it is difficult to know amount of meat protein vs. plant protein in a food. Lower total meat protein alongside the higher FIBER content of the non-grain ingredients could be an interesting area to investigate.
Can I supplement taurine?
Supplementing taurine to a grain free diet will not work because something in the diet is prevent absorption. Taurine is prevalent in hard-working muscle meats like thigh and shoulder meat, tongue and especially heart as well as whole prey and sardines. All powdered taurine is artificial and made in a laboratory. Most taurine is also sourced from China who is not only the number one exporter but also owns 40 manufacturers of taurine. Considering only 1-3% of imported items are inspected by the US and China has a history of contaminated product. We STRONGLY advise giving fresh (not frozen) raw hard working muscle meats once a week.
Quote: Jean Dodds, DVM Hemopet / NutriScan
“What we suggest you do, if you are concerned, is to have your veterinarian take a blood sample to measure the methionine, cysteine and taurine levels in both whole blood and plasma, and send it to a diagnostic laboratory experienced with the appropriate reference ranges for circulating taurine. If the levels are lower than normal for dogs, please discuss the appropriate next steps with your veterinarian. As well, please send the information on your dog, including the food you are feeding, breed, health regarding CHD and retinal degradation, age and weight to the FDA no matter what the results are. You and your dog would potentially be helping millions of other dogs. We are advocates for home-prepared food. However, we agree that the recipes used may not meet the minimum AAFCO nutrient requirements. If you do choose to go that route, please work with a veterinary or animal nutritionist who has a degree and experience in animal nutrition. As more research is completed, AAFCO may need to adjust their minimum nutrient requirements and add more optimal requirements so that foods can be more appropriately formulated for breed type, size and age. In our view, neither a balanced raw nor cooked diet is inherently “better” than the other. We work with many dogs that thrive on raw food diets, and others that do less well on raw foods but thrive on freshly prepared cooked foods. As we keep coming back to, every dog is an individual, and we believe that individual needs should outweigh a devotion to any one way of feeding.”
Quote: Lisa M. Freeman, DVM, PhD, DACVN
“The apparent link between BEG diets and DCM may be due to ingredients used to replace grains in grain-free diets, such as lentils or chickpeas, but also may be due to other common ingredients commonly found in BEG diets, such as exotic meats, vegetables, and fruits. In addition, not all pet food manufacturers have the same level of nutritional expertise and quality control, and this variability could introduce potential issues with some products. In our hospital, we currently measure taurine in all dogs with DCM, but more than 90% of our patients with DCM in which taurine has been measured have normal levels (and the majority are eating BEG diets). Yet some of these dogs with DCM and normal taurine levels improve when their diets are changed. This suggests that there’s something else playing a role in most cases – either a deficiency of a different nutrient or even toxicity that may be associated with BEG diets. Giving taurine is unlikely to prevent DCM unless your dog has taurine deficiency.”
2020 DCM UPDATE
Evidence is showing that if caught soon enough animals can be treated with medication and supplementation. Some cases have reported with evidence a partial or full recovery in under a year.
DCM Resource Links
Dr. Jean Dodds Responds To FDA Statement
It’s Not Just Grain-Free: An Update on Diet-Associated Dilated Cardiomyopathy
https://vetnutrition.tufts.edu/2018/11/dcm-update/
FDA Notice: Potential Link Between Certain Diets and Canine Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM)
https://www.fda.gov/animal-veterinary/news-events/fda-investigation-potential-link-between-certain-diets-and-canine-dilated-cardiomyopathy?fbclid=IwAR3uCOveCBfW5uF-uPSs16HOPLOBDxGQAblneCrMaSGsaydsitiDzA7jdxU#vet-LIRN
Q/A on FDA Possible Connection Between Diet and DCM
https://www.fda.gov/animal-veterinary/animal-health-literacy/questions-answers-fda-center-veterinary-medicines-investigation-possible-connection-between-diet-and
References
Links
http://dogaware.com/diet/rawfoods.html
https://www.mazuri.com/exotic-mammals/exotic-feline
Raw Feeding Links
http://dogaware.com/diet/rawfoods.html
https://www.mazuri.com/exotic-mammals/exotic-feline
PRO TIP: Overly hungry cats eat too fast throwing up, they can lose weight and more. If feeding only canned cat food be cautious. Leaving out some dry food can help prevent being overly hungry. Raw diets are much more fulfilling and should be considered.
Maine Coon Kitten Scams
Maine Coon Kitten Scams are increasingly targeting unsuspecting buyers who are eager to welcome a new kitten into their homes. Many individuals, in their quest for a more affordable option, inadvertently become victims of these deceitful schemes, often lured in by prices that seem too good to be true.
Beware of ONLINE KITTEN SCAMS - Read this article to on how to avoid scams.
By familiarizing yourself with the average market price for Maine Coon kittens, you can arm yourself with the knowledge necessary to spot these scams.
Recognizing that genuine breeders typically charge a fair market price for their kittens will help you avoid falling into the trap of enticingly low offers that are often a red flag for fraudulent activity.
Fortunately the mass majority of scams are easy to spot! The most prevalent “hook” is a cheap price for a Maine Coon Kitten. Maine Coon Price average in the USA starts at $3,000 and goes up depending on pricing factors.
What factors affect kitten prices?
Kitten Development
The cost of a kitten can increase significantly based on an assessment of its overall quality and personality traits.
How much does the kitten adheres to the breed standard?
Is the kitten friendly, outgoing, timid?
Factors such as breed standards, health status, and the kitten's behavior play a crucial role in determining its market value.
A kitten displaying favorable traits, including a sociable temperament and robust health, is expected to fetch a premium price in the market. It is probable that a breeder would choose not to sell such a kitten, opting instead to keep it for potential future breeding purposes.
Cat breeders frequently take into account the ancestry and pedigree of a kitten, along with any accolades or honors that its forebears may have achieved. This focus on lineage is crucial, as it not only reflects the genetic quality and potential health of the kitten but also indicates the breeder's commitment to maintaining high standards within the breed.
Recognizing the achievements of previous generations can provide insights into the temperament, physical characteristics, and overall suitability of the kitten for various roles, whether as a show cat or a beloved pet. Thus, the evaluation of a kitten's background is an integral part of responsible breeding practices.
Ultimately, the combination of these elements contributes to the rising cost of a kitten, reflecting not just its physical attributes but also its potential as a beloved companion.
Breeding Expenses
The financial implications of cat breeding encompass a variety of costs that potential breeders must consider before embarking on this endeavor. Initially, there are expenses related to acquiring high-quality breeding stock, which include purchasing purebred cats from reputable breeders which is expensive. The general price for breeding rights for a intact Maine Coon is $6,000 to $10,000 depending on ancestry (example supreme grand champions linage).
Additionally, breeders must invest in veterinary care, including vaccinations, health screenings, and regular check-ups to ensure the well-being of both the breeding cats and their offspring.
The costs associated with proper nutrition, housing, and socialization of the cats also contribute significantly to the overall expenses. Furthermore, breeders may need to allocate funds for marketing their kittens, which can involve creating a website, attending cat shows, or utilizing social media platforms to reach potential buyers.
List of just a few expenses;
Registration & Membership Fees
High Grade Food (Lot of it!)
Cat Litter (Lots of it!)
Grooming
Vetting
Purchasing bloodlines
Website
Importing
Ethical practeses
Example: Not using a cat that didn’t pass health testing)
Beyond the direct costs of breeding, there are also indirect expenses that can arise throughout the breeding process. For instance, breeders must consider the costs of maintaining a suitable environment for the cats, which includes purchasing appropriate bedding, litter, and toys, as well as ensuring that the living space is clean and safe.
Additionally, breeders may face unexpected expenses, such as emergency veterinary care for complications during pregnancy or birth, which can be substantial. It is also essential to factor in the time commitment required for responsible breeding, as this can impact the overall financial viability of the breeding program.
In summary, the expenses associated with breeding cats are multifaceted and require careful planning and consideration to ensure a successful and ethical breeding practice.
When evaluating the price of kittens, it's essential to take your geographical area into account, as the cost of living can vary significantly from one state to another, often leading to higher prices for pets in more expensive regions.
Scammers invest in Google Ads to ensure their fraudulent sites appear at the top of search results, making it even more challenging for potential victims to discern the truth. The allure of these scams can be strong, as they often promise attractive deals or rare opportunities that seem too good to be true.
How to avoid kitten scams?
Identify kitten scam websites!
It is essential to exercise caution before making any purchases; take a moment to review the information provided below. Scammers are increasingly sophisticated and often create elaborate websites to deceive potential buyers. They frequently operate a network of sites, so when one is shut down, they can easily transfer their content to a new domain, continuing their fraudulent activities.
Additionally, these scammers invest in Google ads, which allows them to appear at the top of search engine results, making it even more challenging to identify legitimate sellers. Thoroughly investigate the breed you are interested in before proceeding with any transactions. It is crucial to familiarize yourself with the unique requirements, traits, and prevalent health concerns associated with that particular breed.
Understanding these aspects will not only help you make an informed decision but also ensure that you are prepared to meet the needs of your future pet. By taking the time to conduct proper research, you can significantly reduce the risk of falling victim to scams and ensure that you are choosing a breed that aligns with your lifestyle and expectations.
Knowledge about the breed will empower you to ask the right questions and recognize red flags when interacting with potential sellers. This proactive approach is vital for a successful and fulfilling pet ownership experience.
How easy is it to throw up a kitten scam website?
International fraudsters (scam artists) often create rudimentary websites consisting of just five to seven pages, utilizing a $20 prepaid track phone to facilitate their operations. They engage in deceptive practices by pilfering images from legitimate breeders found on Google and appropriating text from various unrelated websites.
This method allows them to present a facade of credibility while engaging in fraudulent activities. The landscape is rife with long-standing scam websites; for every one that gets shut down, two more emerge to take its place, perpetuating a cycle of deceit. These scammers have turned their illicit activities into a profitable venture, targeting unsuspecting individuals who are often desperate for reliable information.
It’s crucial for individuals to remain vigilant and recognize the red flags associated with these operations. Ignoring the warning signs in favor of believing in the legitimacy of these offers can lead to significant financial loss and emotional distress.
Approach online transactions with a healthy dose of skepticism, especially when dealing with unfamiliar websites or offers that seem overly enticing. By staying informed and cautious, individuals can protect themselves from falling victim to these pervasive scams and contribute to a safer online environment for everyone.
What to look for on a scam website?
No watermark on photos.
No matching videos.
Bad grammar.
Generic websites templates.
Inconsistent pictures (background are all different)
Any website using GoogleAds (ranking first). Google Ads is the main marketing source scammers use. Precede with caution!!!
No cattery registration with TICA or CFA
Watermarks
Image watermarking plays a crucial role in the purchasing process, particularly when acquiring valuable items. It serves as a protective measure that helps to verify the authenticity of the product, ensuring that buyers are receiving genuine goods rather than counterfeit or unauthorized replicas. By incorporating a watermark, sellers can establish trust and credibility, as it acts as a visual cue that signifies the item’s legitimacy.
Additionally, watermarks can deter unauthorized use or reproduction, safeguarding the intellectual property of creators and businesses. This added layer of security not only enhances the buyer's confidence in their purchase but also contributes to the overall integrity of the marketplace.
Avoid the “For sale, hot deal”
"Get a great price on these registered kittens. You can pay using cash or a payment app."
TIP: Be wary of great "cheap deals" on social media sites. Once you send money you may not get it back.
Is the cat breeder reputable?
The breeder microchips the kitten so if lost it is returned.
The breeder will take back a kitten if homeless.
The breeder gives age-appropriate shots.
The breeder gives parasite prevention.
The breeder spays & neuters kittens prior to placement. Preventing potential pyometra and accidental litters.
The breeder makes sure to keep a kitten till a minim of 12 weeks old. Both CFA & TICA ethics state a breeder should keep kittens at this minimum. This ensures the kitten is emotional and physically ready. Allowing a kitten to leave younger can compromise its emotional well-being and immune system for its entire life.
Can you verify the cat breeder?
Verify that the breeder is registered with CFA or TICA.
The breeder can verify registration by providing their cattery numbers.
The breeder can provide a verification listing through TICA.org. This listing can only be obtained by a registered TICA member with a signed code of ethics.
Unfortunately, many potential owners don’t know what to look for in a breeder and fall victims to scam websites promising cheap-priced kittens from a “reputable breeder”. NEVER EVER think you are buying a Maine Coon Kitten for the cheap price of $500–$1000.
Can you navigate the cat breeder’s website?
The breeder’s website is easy to navigate.
The breeder has a website that educates about the breed.
The breeder has a website that tells about their program.
The breeder can produce pictures of available kittens.
Are the cat’s parents health tested?
Minim DNA testing is for HCM, SMA and PKD mutations. However other disorders include:
Blood Disorders
Cardiac Disorders
Endocrine Disorders
Immunologic Disorders
Metabolic Disorders
Muscular Disorders
Neurologic Disorders
Neuromuscular Disorders
Ocular Disorders
Renal Disorders Including PKD
Skeletal Disorders
Are the Maine Coon Kittens registered?
Breeder registers each litter providing buyers with registration paperwork/number.
Beware a breeder stating they don’t want to “deal with paperwork,” or they are “just producing pets.” They probably don’t have usable registration papers.
If the Seller bought a Maine Coon with no breeding rights and then reproduced, that means they disregarded the legal contract they signed. You do not want to do business with a “breeder” who ignored a contract they agreed to uphold.
It costs a breeder $10 to register a litter of kittens with TICA or CFA. Ask yourself why would a breeder discount a kitten hundreds or even thousands for a non-registerable kitten that is purebred? Retired cats and cats with special needs could considerably cost less than the quoted average price. You would still be looking for the above-mentioned qualities in a breeder.
How old is your Maine Coon Kitten?
A responsible breeder prioritizes the well-being of their kittens by ensuring that they remain with their mother and littermates until they are at least 12 weeks old. This practice is supported by the ethical guidelines set forth by both the Cat Fanciers' Association (CFA) and The International Cat Association (TICA), which mandate that kittens should not be placed in new homes before reaching this critical age.
By adhering to this standard, breeders help guarantee that the kittens are both emotionally and physically prepared for the transition to their new environments. Releasing a kitten before it has reached 12 weeks can have lasting negative effects on its emotional health and immune system.
Maine Coon growing up from 3 weeks old to full grown.
The early weeks of a kitten's life are crucial for socialization and development, and being separated too soon can lead to behavioral issues and a weakened immune response that may affect the cat throughout its life.
Therefore, the commitment to keeping kittens until they are adequately mature is not just a guideline; it is a vital aspect of responsible breeding that fosters healthier, well-adjusted cats.
CFA & TICA ethics state a breeder should keep kittens till 12 weeks at the minimum.
Beware of ONLINE KITTEN SCAMS!!
THERE ARE MORE ONLINE SCAMS THAN THERE ARE ACTUAL CAT BREEDERS!!!!
They are preying on anyone looking to buy pets... Google can't stop them from buying ads. Its worldwide - Scamming buyers of horses, dogs, cats, birds!
"The bitterness of a poor-quality animal will linger long after the sweetness of a cheap price is forgotten.”
Support is your choice.
Support those doing more for the breed.
Maine Coon Scams
The “breeder” websites shown below are all 100% fake websites.
Scammers are paying for GoogleAds to rank above legitimate breeders.
Maine Coon Patterns
Maine Coons come in classic, mackerel, spotted/ticked, solid, and torbie. All of these coats can be “with white” of varying degrees (low or high). White markings can present as van, bi-color and mitted.
Maine Coon Classic Tabby Pattern
Maine Coon Spotted Tabby Pattern
Maine Coon Ticked Tabby Pattern
Classic Tabby Pattern
Classic Tabby Maine Coons should present with swirls of pattern on the body. Pattern markings should be dense, clearly defined, and broad. Legs evenly barred with bracelets coming up to meet the body markings. Tail evenly ringed. Several unbroken necklaces on neck and upper chest, the more the better. Frown marks on forehead form an intricate letter “M”. Unbroken line runs back from outer corner of eye. Swirls on cheeks. Vertical lines over back of head extend to shoulder markings which are in the shape of a butterfly with both upper and lower wings distinctly outlined and marked with dots inside outline. Back markings consist of a vertical line down the spine from butterfly to tail with a vertical stripe paralleling it on each side, the three stripes well separated by stripes of the ground color. Large solid blotch on each side to be encircled by one or more unbroken rings. Side markings should be the same on both sides. Double vertical rows of buttons on chest and stomach.
Mackerel Tabby Pattern
Mackerel Maine Coons should have stripes going vertically from the spine line to the belly. Markings should be dense, clearly defined, and all narrow pencillings. Legs evenly barred with narrow bracelets coming up to meet the body markings. Tail barred. Necklaces on the neck and chest distinct, like so many chains. Head barred with an “M” on the forehead. Unbroken lines running back from the eyes. Lines running down the head to meet the shoulders. Spine lines run together to form a narrow saddle. Narrow pencillings run around the body.
Spotted/Ticked Tabby Pattern
Shows pronounced ticking on body and when viewed from above will show darkening at the dorsal crest but will otherwise be free from pattern or any noticeable spots, stripes or blotches. Body hairs will be ticked with various shades of marking color and ground color. The cat will show full tabby markings on face and legs and the lighter underside may also show tabby markings.
Solid
If a cat inherits the “dilute” genes, black becomes blue and red becomes cream.
Calico, Torbie and Torties
Calicos, torties, and torbies all belong to a category of cat colors called tricolor.
Calico is actually a cat coat pattern of which there are four different color variations.
Torties will have solid black patches (or gray if dilute). Black and red ( or blue and cream ) mixed together to create a mottled, speckled look
Torbie is a tortie with a tabby pattern in a darker color. Torbie is short for tortoiseshell-tabby. Tortoiseshell is actually a cat coat pattern of which there are four different color variations. Their overall coloring typically appears “brindle”. This coat can come in mackerel, classic or ticked tabby pattern. Named for its similarity to tortoiseshell material. Like calicos, tortoiseshell cats are almost exclusively female. Male tortoiseshells are rare and are usually sterile.
You Should Know
Any Coat Can be With White!
Mitted Pattern
The white may only be located on paws, belly, chest and chin.Bi-Color Pattern
White is permitted much further up the back legs and on the facial area.Van Pattern
White is predominant throughout the cat fur with colored patches. The patches of color are usually located on the face and tail.
Diagram - Coat Patterns (Top View)
Diagram showing classic, mackerel, spotted and ticked coat patterns.
Diagram - CFA Cat Colors & Patterns
Based on CFA standards. This was made using more sources than I can list, but one of the most helpful sites I found that helped me sort this out is www.tenset.co.uk/catgen/catsof… .
Diagram - Pigmentation Patterns
LINK: Specifying and Sustaining Pigmentation Patterns in Domestic and Wild Cats
Science21 Sep 2012 : 1536-1541 - By Christopher B. Kaelin, Xiao Xu, Lewis Z. Hong, Victor A. David, Kelly A. McGowan, Anne Schmidt-Küntzel, Melody E. Roelke, Javier Pino, Joan Pontius, Gregory M. Cooper, Hermogenes Manuel, William F. Swanson, Laurie Marker, Cindy K. Harper, Ann van Dyk, Bisong Yue, James C. Mullikin, Wesley C. Warren, Eduardo Eizirik, Lidia Kos, Stephen J. O’Brien, Gregory S. Barsh, Marilyn Menotti-Raymond
The genes specifying tabby cat coat patterns also affect big cats, including king cheetahs.
References
http://messybeast.com/spotted-cats.html
http://cfa.org/Portals/0/documents/breeds/standards/maine.pdf
http://cedarseed.com/portfolio/housecat-colors/
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/337/6101/1536/tab-figures-data
http://ib.berkeley.edu/courses/ib162/Week3a.htm
Maine Coon Breed Standard
Maine Coons can are registered with CFA, ACFA, FIFe, and TICA. Initially bred for hunting skills, today they are slow-paced hunters more likely to cuddle your mouse than hunt it!The Maine Coon has a notable gentle disposition, loves to cuddle, loves everyone, has low energy needs, and can adapt to any home.
What is a breed standard?
Breed standards are devised by breed associations or breed clubs, not by individuals, and are written to reflect the use or purpose of the species and breed of the animal. Breed standards help define the ideal animal of a breed and provide goals for breeders in improving stock. Breeders often say the standard is the guide to pursue excellence.
Each breed standard represents in words the ideal picture for which breeders strive. Breed standards reflect our ideal specimen which show cats will be evaluated. In each standard, you will even see an entire section on the breed’s ideal temperament.
What is a “breed club”?
There is a parent club or breed club that creates dog breeding standards in the first place. This parent club may choose to create an entirely new standard, update an existing one, or let the standard remain as it is.
ACF standard
ACFA/CAA standard
CCA-AFC standard
GCCF standard
Maine Coon Compared To Other Breeds
From Guide to House Cats - Source: http://majnouna.deviantart.com/
Maine Coon Health Concerns
Maine Coons genetic risk factors for common cat diseases and health issues are the same as all other cat breeds. DNA tests now exist to prevent deadly HCM, PKD, SMA and so much more (40+ diseases to be exact). These DNA test are now much more affordable than ever. Unfortunately testing negative does not prevent health issues cause by other factors which can subsequently causes the testable diseases.
Non-Genetic Health Concerns
Cancer
Cancer is a class of diseases in which cells grow uncontrollably, invade surrounding tissue and may spread to other areas of the body. As with people, cats can get various kinds of cancer. The disease can be localized (confined to one area, like a tumor) or generalized (spread throughout the body).
Diabetes
Diabetes in cats is a complex disease caused by either a lack of the hormone insulin or an inadequate response to insulin. After a cat eats, her digestive system breaks food into various components, including glucose—which is carried into her cells by insulin. When a cat does not produce insulin or cannot utilize it normally, her blood sugar levels elevate. The result is hyperglycemia, which, if left untreated, can cause many complicated health problems for a cat.
Feline Immunodeficiency Virus (FIV)
Cats infected with feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) may not show symptoms until years after the initial infection occurred. Although the virus is slow-acting, a cat’s immune system is severely weakened once the disease takes hold. This makes the cat susceptible to various secondary infections. Infected cats receiving supportive medical care and kept in a stress-free, indoor environment can live relatively comfortable lives for months to years before the disease reaches its chronic stages.
Feline Leukemia Virus (FelV)
First discovered in the 1960s, feline leukemia virus is a transmittable RNA retrovirus that can severely inhibit a cat’s immune system. It is one of the most commonly diagnosed causes of disease and death in domestic cats. Because the virus doesn’t always manifest symptoms right away, any new cat entering a household—and any sick cat—should be tested for FeLV.
Heartworm
Spread by infected mosquitoes, heartworm is increasingly being recognized as an underlying cause of health problems in domestic cats. Cats are an atypical host for heartworms. Despite its name, heartworm primarily causes lung disease in cats. It is an important concern for any cat owner living in areas densely populated by mosquitoes, and prevention should be discussed with a veterinarian.
Rabies
Rabies is a viral disease that affects the brain and spinal cord of all mammals, including cats, dogs and humans. This preventable disease has been reported in every state except Hawaii. There’s good reason that the very word “rabies” evokes fear in people—once symptoms appear, rabies is close to 100% fatal.
Ringworm
Although the name suggests otherwise, ringworm isn’t caused by a worm at all—but a fungus that can infect the skin, hair and nails. Not uncommon in cats, this highly contagious disease can lead to patchy, circular areas of hair loss with central red rings. Also known as dermatophytosis, ringworm often spreads to other pets in the household—and to humans, too.
Upper Respiratory Infections
A cat’s upper respiratory tract—the nose, throat and sinus area—is susceptible to infections caused by a variety of viruses and bacteria.
Worms
Cats can acquire a variety of intestinal parasites, including some that are commonly referred to as “worms.” Infestations of intestinal worms can cause a variety of symptoms. Sometimes cats demonstrate few to no outward signs of infection, and the infestation can go undetected despite being a potentially serious health problem. Some feline parasitic worms are hazards for human health as well.
Genetic Concerns
Acute Intermittent Porphyria (Variant 1)
Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is a disorder caused by decreased cellular enzymatic activity leading to an accumulation of byproducts, called porphyrins, in the tissues. The disease is characterized by the brownish coloration of the teeth and brownish urine of affected cats.
Acute Intermittent Porphyria (Variant 2)
Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is a disorder caused by decreased cellular enzymatic activity leading to an accumulation of byproducts, called porphyrins, in the tissues. The disease is characterized by the brownish coloration of the teeth and brownish urine of affected cats.
Acute Intermittent Porphyria (Variant 3)
Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is a disorder caused by decreased cellular enzymatic activity leading to an accumulation of byproducts, called porphyrins, in the tissues. The disease is characterized by the brownish coloration of the teeth and brownish urine of affected cats.
Acute Intermittent Porphyria (Variant 4)
Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is a disorder caused by decreased cellular enzymatic activity leading to an accumulation of byproducts, called porphyrins, in the tissues. The disease is characterized by the brownish coloration of the teeth and brownish urine of affected cats.
Acute Intermittent Porphyria (Variant 5)
Acute intermittent porphyria (AIP) is a disorder caused by decreased cellular enzymatic activity leading to an accumulation of byproducts, called porphyrins, in the tissues. The disease is characterized by the brownish coloration of the teeth and brownish urine of affected cats.
Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome
Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome is an immunologic disorder characterized by severely enlarged lymph nodes.
Burmese Head Defect (Discovered in the Burmese)
Burmese Head Defect is a disorder where cats with two copies of the mutation will be born with severe facial defects requiring humane euthanasia shortly after birth.
Chediak-Higashi Syndrome (Discovered in the Persian)
Chediak-Higashi Syndrome (CHS) is a metabolic disoder that causes partial albinism, sensitivity to light, cataracts at an early age, and prolonged bleeding.
Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia is an endocrine disorder that causes excessive drinking and urination, abnormalities of the genitallia, and aggression.
Congenital Erythropoietic Porphyria
Congenital Erythropoietic Porphyria (CEP) is a disorder caused by decreased cellular enzymatic activity leading to an accumulation of byproducts, called porphyrins, in the tissues. The disease is characterized by the brownish coloration of the teeth and brownish urine of affected cats.
Congenital Myasthenic Syndrome (Discovered in the Devon Rex and Sphynx)
Congenital Myasthenic Syndrome (CMS) is a neuromuscular disorder characterized by muscle weakness and fatigue.
Cystinuria Type 1A
Cystinuria is a metabolic disorder which predisposes the affected cat to form cystine crystals and stones within the urinary tract, which can then cause irritation and blockage.
Cystinuria Type B (Variant 1)
Cystinuria is a metabolic disorder which predisposes the affected cat to form cystine crystals and stones within the urinary tract, which can then cause irritation and blockage.
Cystinuria Type B (Variant 2)
Cystinuria is a metabolic disorder which predisposes the affected cat to form cystine crystals and stones within the urinary tract, which can then cause irritation and blockage.
Cystinuria Type B (Variant 3)
Cystinuria is a metabolic disorder which predisposes the affected cat to form cystine crystals and stones within the urinary tract, which can then cause irritation and blockage.
Dihydropyrimidinase Deficiency
Dihydropyrimidinase deficiency is a metabolic disorder that causes tiredness, weakness, vomiting, and high levels of ammonia in the blood.
Earfold and Osteochondrodysplasia (Discovered in the Scottish Fold)
Earfold and osteochondrodysplasia (discovered in the Scottish Fold) is the condition behind the breed defining folded ears; however, it also associated with skeletal malformations and arthritis.
Factor XII Deficiency (Variant 1)
Factor XII deficiency is a common blood factor deficiency in cats which does not result in an abnormal tendency to bleed but may have an effect on blood clot stability.
Factor XII Deficiency (Variant 2)
Factor XII deficiency is a common blood factor deficiency in cats which does not result in an abnormal tendency to bleed but may have an effect on blood clot stability.
Familial Episodic Hypokalemic Polymyopathy (Discovered in the Burmese)
Familial Episodic Hypokalaemic Polymyopathy is a disorder that causes skeletal muscle weakness and pain that is episodic in nature.
GM1 Gangliosidosis
GM1 Gangliosidosis is a disorder characterized by progressive nervous system degeneration with signs including incoordination of movements and tremors.
GM2 Gangliosidosis
GM2 Gangliosidosis is a disorder characterized by progressive nervous system degeneration with signs including incoordination of movements and tremors.
GM2 Gangliosidosis Type II (Discovered in Domestic Shorthair cats)
GM2 Gangliosidosis Type II is a disorder characterized by progressive nervous system degeneration with signs including incoordination of movements and tremors.
GM2 Gangliosidosis Type II (Discovered in Japanese domestic cats)
GM2 Gangliosidosis Type II is a disorder characterized by progressive nervous system degeneration with signs including incoordination of movements and tremors.
GM2 Gangliosidosis Type II (Discovered in the Burmese)
GM2 Gangliosidosis Type II is a disorder characterized by progressive nervous system degeneration with signs including incoordination of movements and tremors.
Glutaric Aciduria Type II
Glutaric Aciduria Type II is a rare metabolic disorder that causes organic acids to accumulate in the blood and urine.
Glycogen Storage Disease (Discovered in the Norwegian Forest Cat)
Glycogen Storage Disease Type IV is a disorder that affects the metabolism of glycogen resulting in low blood sugar levels and progressive neuromuscular disease.
Hemophilia B (Variant 1)
Hemophilia B, also known as Factor IX Deficiency, is a blood clotting disorder more commonly seen in males, which can result in tiredness, decreased appetite, fever, lameness, and prolonged bleeding times after injury, trauma or surgery.
Hemophilia B (Variant 2)
Hemophilia B, also known as Factor IX Deficiency, is a blood clotting disorder more commonly seen in males, which can result in tiredness, decreased appetite, fever, lameness, and prolonged bleeding times after injury, trauma or surgery.
Hyperoxaluria Type II
Hyperoxaluria is a kidney disorder leading to profound weakness and acute kidney disease at a young age.
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (Maine Coon Type)
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a disorder where the heart muscle wall increases in thickness, eventually leading to heart failure.
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy (Ragdoll Type)
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is a disorder where the heart muscle wall increases in thickness, eventually leading to heart failure.
Hypotrichosis (Birman Type)
Hypotrichosis is a disorder of the immune system causing kittens to be born hairless and to develop serious infections.
Lipoprotein Lipase Deficiency
Lipoprotein Lipase Deficiency is a metabolic disorder that causes reduced body mass and growth rates in kittens, lipemia (excessive fatty substances in the blood), and increased stillbirth rates.
MDR1 Medication Sensitivity
Medication Sensitivity (or Multidrug Resistance 1) is a disorder resulting from a defective drug pumping protein that plays an important role in limiting drug absorption and distribution (particularly to the brain). Cats with the ABCB1 mutation may have severe adverse reactions to some commonly used medications.
Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I
Mucopolysaccharidosis Type I is a disorder causing failure to thrive, facial and other skeletal abnormalities, tremors, and corneal clouding.
Mucopolysaccharidosis Type VI (Variant 1)
Mucopolysaccharidosis VI is a lysosomal storage disease resulting in a degenerative joint disease. This mutation (the G1558A variant) may cause for a mild form of the disease, but only if one copy of the severe disease variant (the T1427C variant) is also present.
Mucopolysaccharidosis Type VI (Variant 2)
Mucopolysaccharidosis Type VI is a disorder causing dwarfism, degenerative joint disease, and corneal clouding.
Mucopolysaccharidosis Type VII (Variant 1)
Mucopolysaccharidosis Type VII is a disorder causing weakness, growth retardation, facial and other skeletal abnormalities, and corneal clouding.
Mucopolysaccharidosis Type VII (Variant 2)
Mucopolysaccharidosis Type VII is a disorder causing weakness, growth retardation, facial and other skeletal abnormalities, and corneal clouding.
Myotonia Congenita
Myotonia Congenita is a neuromuscular disorder that affects cats from birth, causing stiff movement and delayed relaxation of muscles after exercise.
Polycystic Kidney Disease (PKD)
Polycystic kidney disease is the most common inherited disease in cats. The disease causes the formation of fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys that can lead to kidney failure.
Progressive Retinal Atrophy (Discovered in the Abyssinian)
Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) is a disorder that causes the degeneration of the light sensing retina at the back of the eye, resulting in vision loss.
Progressive Retinal Atrophy (Bengal Type)
Bengal Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) is an eye disorder that causes the degeneration of the light sensing retina at the back of the eye, resulting in vision loss.
Progressive Retinal Atrophy (Persian Type)
Persian Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA) is an eye disorder that causes the degeneration of the light sensing retina at the back of the eye, resulting in vision loss.
Pyruvate Kinase Deficiency
Pyruvate Kinase (PK) Deficiency is a disorder that causes anemia due to the breakdown of red blood cells.
Sphingomyelinosis (Variant 1)
Sphingomyelinosis (Mutation 1) is a neurological disorder that causes progressively severe neurologic signs, enlargement of the spleen and liver, and changes in the lungs.
Sphingomyelinosis (Variant 2)
Sphingomyelinosis (Mutation 2) is a neurological disorder that causes progressively severe neurologic signs and reduced menace response.
Spinal Muscular Atrophy (Maine Coon Varient)
Spinal muscular atrophy is a muscular disorder that causes muscle wasting and progressive weakness. Please note that this test detects presence or absence of the disease mutation and cannot distinguish cats that have one copy of the disease mutation from cats with two copies of the disease mutation.
Vitamin D-Dependent Rickets
Vitamin D-Dependent Rickets (VDDR) is a metabolic disorder resulting in low blood calcium levels and skeletal abnormalities.
Progressive Retinal Atrophy - PRA
Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA-CRX) or PRA is a group of degenerative diseases that affect these photoreceptor cells. With this disease, the cells deteriorate over time, eventually leading to blindness in the affected cat.
What is Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA)?
Progressive Retinal Atrophy (PRA-CRX) or PRA is a group of degenerative diseases that affect these photoreceptor cells. With this disease, the cells deteriorate over time, eventually leading to blindness in the affected cat.
How is PRA inherited?
This is an autosomal recessive condition, meaning two copies of the mutation are required for the cats to lose their vision. Dam and sire must both be carreirs to produce affected offspring. Carriers have one copy of the mutation. Carriers are not affected and have normal vision.
PRA Symptoms
Dilated pupils
Inability to see clearly in bright light
In some conditions, only central vision may be lost and the cat may still retain peripheral vision
The pupil (opening of the eye) has abnormal reactions to light
The retinal structure appears abnormal when a doctor examines it with an ophthalmoscope; cataract may be observed
The liver may also be affected, obesity may be observed
What is the retina?
The retina is the tissue that lines the inner surface of the eye, and is the light sensitive part of the eye that acts as the brain's camera, transmitting images through the rods and cones that are part of its structure, thus enabling the experience of vision. The retina is part of the central nervous system (CNS) and the only part of the CNS that can be easily imaged and examined. In retinal degeneration, the cells of the retina begin to decline in function, thereby leading to impaired vision or even blindness. There are many causes for retinal degeneration.
PRA Genetic Testing
A single nucleotide mutation in the gene called CEP290 produces a defective protein which is associated with this progressive retinal atrophy (PRA) in the cat. In addition to Abyssinian, Somali and Ocicat, a survey of 43 cat breeds showed presence of the CEP290 mutation in many other breeds including, American Curl, American Wirehair, Bengal, Balinese/Javanese, Colorpoint Shorthair, Cornish Rex, Munchkin, Oriental Shorthair, Peterbald, Siamese, Singapura and Tonkinese. The high frequency of the CEP290 mutation in Siamese (about 33%) and related breeds (Oriental Shorthair, Balinese/Javanese, Colorpoint Shorthair, Peterbald) poses a significant health risk in the Siamese breed group.
| Test Result | CEP290 PRA-rdAc Status |
|---|---|
| N/N | Normal, cat does not have rdAc mutation* |
| N/rdAc | Carrier, cat has one copy of rdAc mutation. Breedings between carriers will be expected to produce 25% affected kittens. |
| rdAc/rdAc | Affected |
Polycystic Kidney Disease - PKD
Polycystic kidney disease or PKD is an inherited condition in cats that causes multiple cysts (pockets of fluid) to form in the kidneys. These cysts are present from birth. Initially, they are very small but they grow larger over time and may eventually disrupt kidney function resulting in kidney failure.
Polycystic kidney disease or PKD is an inherited condition in cats that causes multiple cysts (pockets of fluid) to form in the kidneys. These cysts are present from birth. Initially, they are very small but they grow larger over time and may eventually disrupt kidney function resulting in kidney failure.
Unfortunately, PKD1 does not have a strong clinical presentation. The presentation of PKD1 is similar to one of the most common causes of death for any cat, renal failure. Thus, PKD1 has gone unnoticed for many years and has spread throughout the Persian breed. Any breed that has used Persians in their foundation or propagation should have concerns for PKD1.
How is polycystic kidney disease inherited?
Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) has been shown to be inherited as a single autosomal dominant gene, meaning one copy of the mutation is required. Only one parent must be a carrier to produce affected offspring.
How prevalent is PKD?
It is estimated over 37% of Persians have polycystic kidney disease (PKD), a breed that accounts for nearly 80% of the cat fancy. Many lines and catteries have been able to greatly reduce this frequency by using ultrasound screening methods and improved breeding practices.
PKD Treatment
There is no specific treatment for polycystic kidney disease (PKD), as the disease causes similar clinical signs to those seen in cats with chronic kidney disease. Special diets, fluid therapy, and medications to reduce nausea and vomiting and to block the absorption of phosphorus are often used to treat the symptoms of kidney failure.
Resources
https://www.vgl.ucdavis.edu/services/pkd1.php
Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy - HCM
Feline Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy or HCM is a condition that causes the muscular walls of a cat’s heart to thicken, decreasing the heart’s efficiency and sometimes creating symptoms in other parts of the body. Although the cause of HCM has not been clearly identified, the fact that the condition is more prevalent in certain breeds (including Maine Coon, Ragdoll, British Shorthair, Sphynx, Chartreux and Persian cats) and that mutations of several cardiac (heart) genes have been identified in some cats with this disease suggests that genetics plays a role.
Feline Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy or HCM is a condition that causes the muscular walls of a cat’s heart to thicken, decreasing the heart’s efficiency and sometimes creating symptoms in other parts of the body. Although the cause of HCM has not been clearly identified, the fact that the condition is more prevalent in certain breeds (including Maine Coon, Ragdoll, British Shorthair, Sphynx, Chartreux and Persian cats) and that mutations of several cardiac (heart) genes have been identified in some cats with this disease suggests that genetics plays a role. Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy is the most prevalent heart disorder in cats and the principal cause of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.
How is HCM inherited?
This is an autosomal recessive condition, meaning two copies of the mutation are required for the cats to lose their vision. Dam and sire must both be carriers to produce affected offspring. Carriers have one copy of the mutation. Carriers are not affected.
HCM Symptoms
Many cats with HCM do not appear to be ill. Others may show signs of congestive heart failure, including labored or rapid breathing, open-mouthed breathing, and lethargy. These symptoms occur when fluid accumulates in or around the lungs.
Loss of appetite (anorexia)
Lethargy.
Weak pulse.
Difficulty breathing.
Short, rough, snapping breathing sounds (crackles)
Abnormal heart sounds (i.e., muffled, galloping rhythm, murmurs)
Inability to tolerate exercise or exertion.
How prevalent is HCM?
About 30% of Maine coon cats have a genetic mutation.
Genetic Testing
The A31P breed-specific mutation for inherited HCM in Maine Coon cats produces moderate to severe cardiac disease which can lead to sudden death by age 4 years or less for cats that carry two copies of the mutation (homozygotes). Cats that carry one copy of the mutation (heterozygotes) have a longer life expectancy, but may still develop HCM. The mutation is a single base pair change in MYBPC3 that disrupts the production of the cardiac myosin binding protein C needed for normal heart muscle development. The Veterinary Genetics Laboratory offers a test for the Maine Coon breed-specific HCM mutation (University of California, Davis).
| Test Result | Maine Coon HCM Status |
|---|---|
| N/N | Normal |
| N/HCMmc | One copy of the A31P mutation is present. Cat is 1.8 times more likely to develop HCM than cats without the mutation. |
| HCMmc/HCMmc | Two copies of the A31P mutation are present. Cat is 18 times more likely to develop HCM than cats without the mutation. |
Treatment
Medications to slow the heart rate, correct abnormal heartbeats, and improve blood flow and cardiac function
Medications to decrease blood clot formation
Medication to alleviate fluid build-up with congestive heart failure
Diet aimed at minimizing sodium intake and optimizing adequate nutrition for congestive heart failure
Resources
https://www.vgl.ucdavis.edu/services/cat/MaineCoonHCM.php
https://www.ufaw.org.uk/cats/maine-coon-hypertrophic-cardiomyopathy
Inhibitor Gene: Smoke, Shaded, Shell
Explaining the difference between Smoke, Shaded, and Shell is a tad bit complicated. But once you know the basics it really not as confusing as you might think. If you would like the most simplified explanation these three types are all caused by the “inhibitor gene” sometimes called the “silver gene”. Each varies in the amount of color left to the coat.
Maine Coon Color Diagram: Smoke, Shaded, Shell
Explaining the difference between Smoke, Shaded, and Shell is a tad bit complicated. But once you know the basics it really not as confusing as you might think. If you would like the most simplified explanation these three types are all caused by the “inhibitor gene” sometimes called the “silver gene”. Each varies in the amount of color left to the coat.
What color is your cat?
1/8 of hair length colored at tip – shell
1/4 of hair length colored at tip – all shaded
1/2 of hair length colored at tip – all smoke
Tarnishing
When the Inhibitor gene fails to completely block pigment (it is more effective at blocking black-based pigment than blocking red-based pigment) and there is a breakthrough of reddish color known as "tarnishing". Tarnishing is common on the muzzles of random-bred silver tabbies, but rare on pedigree silver tabbies due to selective breeding and refinement.
“Wide Band” Effect
For convenience, breeders talk of Wide Band as a single gene, but there appear to be multiple interacting genes that determine the width of the pale band between the pigmented tip and the follicle. The presence or absence of the Inhibitor (silver) gene does not affect the Wide Band effect. Golden Shaded lacks the Inhibitor gene but has a shading pattern comparable to Silver Shaded cats.
Non-agouti + Wide Band = Solid Color
Non-agouti + Wide Band + inhibitor gene= Smoke Pattern
Agouti + Wide Band = Golden series
Agouti + Wide Band + inhibitor gene = Silver series
The extreme wide-banding effect is very rare and at first, the look will appear to be “Shaded” instead of “Smoke” due to the high level of white. A solid color nose is indicative of non-agouti (Smoke), this can be confirmed by DNA testing.
Melanin inhibitor gene is a dominant gene. This means a non-expressing cat can not carry this gene . Offspring can receive this gene from either parent but only if one or both parent has the gene. The Inhibitor gene has a greater affect on the yellow pigment phaeomelanin than on black pigment eumelanin.
Silver Maine Coon
Silver Maine Coons have dark “eyeliner”, that is the black outline that surrounds the eyes, and sometimes the nose. A silver kitten’s nose will always be a rosy pink or wine color.
White Maine Coons will have soft pink noses and no eyeliner. White kittens paw pads will also be light pink in color.
Blue Maine Coons their shimmering coat appears almost silver and they're considered to be a long-haired variety of the Russian Blue.
Smoke Maine Coon
Smoke Maine Coons are a solid color cat that carries the inhibitor gene which suppresses the color in the hair shaft. This means that the cat's hairs are dark (usually black) at the tips but have much lighter colored bands near the bottom. All solid colors can be affected by the inhibitor gene which labels them “Smoke” plus the underlining solid color. A young non-smoke cat has a kitten coat that is often a lot lighter than the base color of the cat. The cat can look like a smoke, but because neither parent cat has a white undercoat, the kitten cannot be a smoke. The kitten coat will darken as the cat gets older.
Smoke Maine Coon Cats have more than 33% of the hair ends colored.
Solid Blue + Inhibitor Gene = Blue Smoke Maine Coon
Solid Red + Inhibitor Gene = Red Smoke Maine Coon
Shaded Maine Coon
Shaded Color Maine Coon Cats have 33% or 1/3 of the hair ends are colored. This is the second to lightest degree of “tipping” within the Maine Coon Breed. In other breeds such cats maybe refereed to as “Shaded” or “Chinchilla” Lesser degree of wide-band than a “shell” and more than a smoke.
Inhibitor + Wide-Band = Shaded
Shell Maine Coon
Shell Maine Coon Cats have 12% or 1/8 of the hair ends are colored.
| Smoke Maine Coon | aa I- | - | For "I-" you can either have II (homozygous for silver) or Ii (heterozygous for silver) |
| Shaded Maine Coon | A- I- |
plus genes for tabby | For "A-" you can either have AA or Aa. For "I-" you can have II or Ii. Note that silver tabby, shaded and shell have the same genetic code for their coat colour. |
| Shell Maine Coon | A- I- |
||
| Silver Maine Coon | A- I- Ta- ticked |
For "Ta-" you can have TaTa, or
Tata. You find TaTa f.e. in the Somali or Abyssinian. |
|
| A- I- Mc- mackerel |
For "Mc-" you can have McMc or
Mcmc. Note: You may add Ta- or tata to this code. |
||
| A- I- mcmc blotched |
Resources
http://my.net-link.net/~cwjohnso/genetics/shadedfin2.html
http://messybeast.com/chinchillas.htm
http://www.mat.uniroma2.it/~picard/Cats/Feline_genetics_notes.pdf (Old Theory)
http://www.mainecooneducation.com/
Spinal Muscular Atrophy - SMA
Spinal muscular atrophy is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder that has been identified in Maine coon cats, and is similar to human spinal muscular atrophy. How is Spinal muscular atrophy inherited? This is an autosomal recessive condition, meaning two copies of the mutation are required for the cats to lose their vision. Dam and sire must both be carriers to produce affected offspring. Carriers have one copy of the mutation. Carriers are not affected.
Spinal muscular atrophy is an inherited neurodegenerative disorder that has been identified in Maine coon cats, and is similar to human spinal muscular atrophy. How is Spinal muscular atrophy inherited? This is an autosomal recessive condition, meaning two copies of the mutation are required for the cats to lose their vision. Dam and sire must both be carriers to produce affected offspring. Carriers have one copy of the mutation. Carriers are not affected.
SMA Symptoms
Fine muscle tremors and fascilculations
Progressive muscular weakness and instability
Abnormal posture
SMA Genetic Testing
SMA in Maine Coon cats is caused by a large deletion of chromosome 1.
| Test Result | Spinal Muscular Atrophy Status |
|---|---|
| N/N | No copies of SMA are present. |
| N/S | 1 copy of SMA is present. Cat is normal but is a carrier. Breeding between carriers will be expected to produce 25% affected, 50% carriers and 25% normal kittens. |
| S/S | 2 copies of SMA are present, cat is affected. |
SMA Treatment
Pain Management Only
Resources
https://www.vgl.ucdavis.edu/services/cat/SMA.php
https://pawpeds.com/healthprogrammes/sma.html
Maine Coon Toys
The Maine Coon is an extra-large cat because of this they can require different types of toys and cat trees than your average cat.
New Cat Condos
These are my highest recommendation. These are the cat’s favorites and they are good quality with no building required. Can be purchased through Walmart.com
Cat Tree King
Refined Feline
Vesper
Hollywood Kitty Co
Offering a variety of wall shelves and cat enclosures.
https://k9-kennelstore.com/cats/catio-s.html
European Maine Coons
The Maine Coon community is buzzing like never before, thanks to the influence of social media. With breeders and enthusiasts connecting worldwide, it's become evident that two unique styles of Maine Coons have developed: the American and the European.
The future of the extreme European Type Maine Coons is likely to lead to either a revision of the breed standard or the emergence of a separate breed altogether. However, the most likely outcome is a gradual blending of the different styles, with specific bloodlines showcasing the more "extreme" features of each type.
Breeders are frequently confronted with inquiries regarding the reasons behind the extreme variations in appearance among certain bloodlines. The Maine Coon breed has been shaped globally by various governing registries, where the members, who are breeders, participate in voting on the breed standard. Consequently, numerous registries worldwide maintain distinct but similar breed standards for the Maine Coon.
The breed is commonly categorized into two distinct "types" recognized by the public: American and European. European Maine Coons are characterized by more pronounced facial features in comparison to their American counterparts, exhibiting a more defined muzzle, fuller ear tufts, and an overall "feral" look. Despite these differences, both types typically share the same body structure and possess a long, thick coat. The European style is frequently regarded as having a more impressive and authoritative presence than the American variety, with breeders often emphasizing exaggerated traits.
Registry Timeline
1869 - Maine coons were first presented at a cats show in the United States. The breed was formed in northeastern states of the USA, especially the state of Maine from which it gets it name.
1906 - The Cat Fanciers' Association (CFA) was founded which recognized Maine Coons
1950s - Breed was claimed to be going extinct due to lack of entries.
1980s - Maine Coon Cats were first exported to the United Kingdom
1982 - Maine Coon Breed were first recognised by Fédération Internationale Féline (FIFe)
1993 - Maine Coon was first recognized by the Governing Council of the Cat Fancy (GCCF)
American Type
American Maine Coon breeders typically follow standards set by the organization Cat Fancier Association (CFA), while The International Cat Association (TICA) is the second major largest registry used in America. The CFA “American Standard” (CFA and TICA) specifies no extreme features, the maine coon should be balanced in all traits. "proportioned and balanced with no exaggerations”.
Click Here - CFA Maine Coon Standard
Key Points About American Type
Size: Same
Temperament: Same
Eyes: European Maine Coons have oblique-shaped eyes.
Muzzle: Less prominent muzzle that does not overwhelm other facial features.
Ears: Taller ears with ear tufts that are longer and thicker.
Body: Long and typically more substance.
Coat: Typically a thick, double-layered coat that is shorter on the shoulders and longer on the stomach and back legs
European Type
European Maine Coon breeders typically follow standards set by organizations like the Fédération Internationale Féline (FIFe).
Key Points About European Type
Size: Same
Temperament: Same
Eyes: European Maine Coons have almond-shaped eyes.
Muzzle: More prominent muzzle, larger whisker pads.
Ears: Taller ears with ear tufts that are longer and thicker.
Body: long and lean but not as much muscle as the american.
Coat: Can exhibit slightly different coat textures depending on the lineage. Some lines have been noted to have too much hair or too little hair (short length).
Marketing the “ Imported European Maine Coons ”
Many breeders source their breeding stock from international breeders rather than domestically within the USA, leading them to label all their kittens as "European Maine Coons." This terminology can be misleading, as the kittens themselves are not directly imported from Europe.
Instead, they are descendants of bloodlines that have been acquired from various international sources, which contributes to their classification as European Type. The distinction lies in the fact that while these kittens may embody the characteristics associated with European Maine Coons, they do not originate from Europe itself. The breeders are emphasizing the lineage and type rather than the geographical origin of the kittens.
This practice highlights the global nature of breeding programs and the influence of international genetics on the development of this beloved breed.
“Many inexperienced breeders (newbies) feel forced into obtain breeding cats internationally since American breeders often refuse to sell to those who lack experience.
If you are contemplating entering the breeding world, you should highly consider enrolling in the TICA breeder mentorship program.
The TICA breeder mentorship program connects inexperienced breeders with a knowledgeable mentor to guide you through the process. This will result in you having higher chances to obtain breeding rights from American show breeders.”
Health Concerns
Important Considerations
Breeding practices: The emphasis on exaggerated features in some bloodlines can potentially lead to health concerns, so responsible breeders are crucial.
Avoid Extreme Muzzles
This goes for both American and European bloodlines. Be careful wanting an “extreme looking muzzle”, you need to make sure the bite is correct. A extremely strong muzzle could be an underbite, a side profile photo should be requested to confirm the cat does not have an underbite. This is why breeders post side views of a cat head to show a correct bite.
DNA Health Testing
This goes for both American and European bloodlines. Make sure to check the status of health testing for both parents, not just grandparents. Preferably want the parents to be non-carriers that is negative, N/N. Using a carrier cat is frowned upon in the USA.
Conclusion
Price of a Maine Coon Kitten
We suggest you look for a quality kitten that from health tested stock, from a verifiable breeder who is doing what is necessary to ensure their kittens get the best start in life and the best home type. Neither is more valuable than the other however they do have differences and for some that justifies more value. A healthy kitten with a fantasic personality and supportive breeder is what has the most value!
Please read “ The Real Price Of Cheap Kittens ”