skip to main content
10.1145/3210459.3214170acmotherconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PageseaseConference Proceedingsconference-collections
short-paper

Two Sides of the Same Coin: Software Developers' Perceptions of Task Switching and Task Interruption

Published: 28 June 2018 Publication History

Abstract

In the constantly evolving world of software development, switching back and forth between tasks has become the norm. While task switching often allows developers to perform tasks effectively and may increase creativity via the flexible pathway, there are also consequences to frequent task-switching. For high-momentum tasks like software development, "flow", the highly productive state of concentration, is paramount. Each switch distracts the developers' flow, requiring them to switch mental state and an additional immersion period to get back into the flow. However, the wasted time due to time fragmentation caused by task switching is largely invisible and unnoticed by developers and managers. We conducted a survey with 141 software developers to investigate their perceptions of differences between task switching and task interruption and to explore whether they perceive task switchings as disruptive as interruptions. We found that practitioners perceive considerable similarities between the disruptiveness of task switching (either planned or unplanned) and random interruptions. The high level of cognitive cost and low performance are the main consequences of task switching articulated by our respondents. Our findings broaden the understanding of flow change among software practitioners in terms of the characteristics and categories of disruptive switches as well as the consequences of interruptions caused by daily meetings.

References

[1]
Zahra Shakeri Hossein Abad, Oliver Karras, Kurt Schneider, Ken Barker, and Mike Bauer. 2018. Task Interruption in Software Development Projects: What Makes some Interruptions More Disruptive than Others?. In Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering (EASE'18). ACM.
[2]
Zahra Shakeri Hossein Abad, Guenther Ruhe, and Mike Bauer. 2017. Task Interruptions in Requirements Engineering: Reality versus Perceptions!. In Requirements Engineering Conference (RE), 2017 IEEE 25th International. IEEE, 6--15.
[3]
Zahra Shakeri Hossein Abad, Guenther Ruhe, and Mike Bauer. 2017. Understanding Task Interruptions in Service Oriented Software Development Projects: An Exploratory Study. In Proceedings of the 4th International Workshop on Software Engineering Research and Industrial Practice (SER&IP '17). IEEE Press, 34--40.
[4]
Zahra Shakeri Hossein Abad, Alex Shymka, Jenny Le, Noor Hammad, and Guenther Ruhe. 2017. A Visual Narrative Path from Switching to Resuming a Requirements Engineering Task. In Requirements Engineering Conference (RE), 2017 IEEE 25th International. IEEE, 442--447.
[5]
Steve Adolph, Wendy Hall, and Philippe Kruchten. 2011. Using grounded theory to study the experience of software development. Empirical Software Engineering 16, 4 (2011), 487--513.
[6]
Erik M Altmann and J.Gregory Trafton. 2002. Memory for goals: an activation-based model. Cognitive Science 26, 1 (2002), 39--83.
[7]
Carey D Chisholm et al. 2000. Academic Emergency Medicine 7, 11 (2000), 1239--1243.
[8]
Jan Chong and Rosanne Siino. 2006. Interruptions on Software Teams: A Comparison of Paired and Solo Programmers. In Proceedings of the 2006 20th Anniversary Conference on Computer Supported Cooperative Work. ACM, 29--38.
[9]
Tom DeMarco and Tim Lister. 2013. Peopleware: Productive Projects and Teams. Addison-Wesley.
[10]
Van Solingen et al. 1998. Interrupts: Just a Minute Never Is. IEEE software 15, 5 (1998), 97--103.
[11]
Graham R Gibbs. 2002. Qualitative data analysis: Explorations with NVivo. Open University.
[12]
Barbara Kitchenham et al. 2017. Robust Statistical Methods for Empirical Software Engineering", journal="Empirical Software Engineering. 22, 2 (2017), 579--630.
[13]
Chris Parnin and Spencer Rugaber. 2011. Resumption Strategies for Interrupted Programming Tasks. Software Quality Journal 19, 1 (2011), 5--34.
[14]
Dario D Salvucci and Niels A Taatgen. 2010. The multitasking mind. Oxford University Press.
[15]
David W Scott. 1979. On Optimal and Data-based Histograms. Biometrika 66, 3 (1979), 605--610.
[16]
Viktoria Stray, Dag IK Sjøberg, and Tore Dybå. 2016. The Daily Stand-up Meeting: A Grounded Theory Study. Journal of Systems and Software 114 (2016), 101--124.
[17]
Colin A. Terry, Punya Mishra, and Cary J. Roseth. 2016. Preference for multitasking, technological dependency, student metacognition, & pervasive technology use: An experimental intervention. Computers in Human Behavior 65 (2016), 241--251.
[18]
Bogdan et al. Vasilescu. 2016. The Sky is Not the Limit: Multitasking Across GitHub Projects. In Proceedings of the 38th International Conference on Software Engineering. 994--1005.

Cited By

View all

Recommendations

Comments

Information & Contributors

Information

Published In

cover image ACM Other conferences
EASE '18: Proceedings of the 22nd International Conference on Evaluation and Assessment in Software Engineering 2018
June 2018
223 pages
ISBN:9781450364034
DOI:10.1145/3210459
Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

In-Cooperation

  • The University of Canterbury

Publisher

Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 28 June 2018

Permissions

Request permissions for this article.

Check for updates

Author Tags

  1. Task switching
  2. performance
  3. stand-up meeting
  4. task interruption

Qualifiers

  • Short-paper
  • Research
  • Refereed limited

Conference

EASE'18

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 71 of 232 submissions, 31%

Contributors

Other Metrics

Bibliometrics & Citations

Bibliometrics

Article Metrics

  • Downloads (Last 12 months)47
  • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)0
Reflects downloads up to 27 Dec 2024

Other Metrics

Citations

Cited By

View all

View Options

Login options

View options

PDF

View or Download as a PDF file.

PDF

eReader

View online with eReader.

eReader

Media

Figures

Other

Tables

Share

Share

Share this Publication link

Share on social media