EPSA - European Pharmaceutical Students'​ Association’s Post

A gut (microbiome) feeling about addiction: Interactions with stress and social systems. https://lnkd.in/d3V-s4id SCIENCE DIRECT Rubén García-Cabrerizo (Universitat de les Illes Balears), John Cryan (APC Microbiome Ireland, SFI Research Centre, University College Cork) This review delves into the mechanisms through which the microbiota-stress-immune axis may shape drug addiction and social behaviors. This work integrates preclinical and clinical evidence that demonstrate the bidirectional communication between stress, social behaviors, substance use disorders and the gut microbiota, suggesting that gut microbes might modulate social stress having a significance in drug addiction. #microbiome #addiction #stress #gutmicrobiotaaxis #socialbehaviors #gutmicrobiota

There are people out there who will tell me that this message is dangerous & incorrect. However, that assumption usually comes from someone who has never looked at the research behind naltrexone for alcohol use disorder. Study after studies proves this medicine can help most people cut back on alcohol. This evidence goes against the mainstream belief that abstinence is the *only* way to treat alcohol addiction....I think this is partly why it has taken so long for naltrexone to gain traction as an effective treatment for alcohol use disorder. But the people are demanding it more & more from their physicians....and this is bound to change things sooner or later. Learn more about this treatment https://lnkd.in/gywYpKa2 #naltrexonetreatment #thesinclairmethod #harmreduction #alcoholism

Join the American Osteopathic Academy of Addiction Medicine - AOAAM, in collaboration with ORN, for “Clinical Implications of the Relationship Between Naltrexone Plasma Levels and the Subjective Effects of Heroin in Humans” on Wednesday, August 14, from 5:00-6:00 pm EST. This lecture is on the effects of Naltrexone in people with opioid use disorder (OUD), taking medication levels into consideration. At the conclusion of this seminar, attendees should be able to list and describe the three FDA-approved medications for OUD; explain the mechanism of action of extended-release naltrexone (XR-NTX); list the benefits of XR-NTX in patients with OUD; identify the minimally effective level of naltrexone (NTX); and describe how the therapeutic effect is dependent on NTX plasma level. Register for this session as well as the others scheduled through September: https://bit.ly/4d321Ev #OpioidResponseNetwork #AOAAM #CME #ContinuingEducation

Long term use or addiction to ketamine is less common than with other substances like opiates but ketamine addiction has been documented. Ketamine has been used as a street drug, where it goes by the name Special K. When taken this way, the dosage is generally 100 times higher than that which is given in an infusion. At that high dose, the positive neurotransmitting (glutamate) effects are reversed and it is no longer beneficial for brain synapse regrowth. 🌅 Golden Afternoon - Get a free consultation for us to get to know you better at goldenafternoon.clinic #GoldenAfternoon #Ketamine #Clinic #Therapy #LosAngeles #California #MentalHealth #Neuroplasticity #Infusions #Antidepressants #Anxiety #MoodDisorders #PTSD #ChronicPain

Is your knowledge surrounding depression and antidepressants up-to-date? Take our FREE CPD module below and familiarise yourself with the features and symptoms of depression, and the classes of antidepressant drugs and their side effects. https://bit.ly/49z0rZO

🌟 In collaboration with Cecilia Ilaria B., Valeria Galofaro, Deborah Cotroneo, Alessia Lopis, Isabella Tringali, and Valeria Denaro, we conducted an open access review to explore the complex factors that influence #substanceusedisorders (SUDs) and co-occurring #mentalhealth outcomes. 🧬🧠 The study, published in Psychoactives MDPI, Volume 3 Issue 2, presents a multi-level analysis of biological, social, and psychological determinants of SUD. It provides a comprehensive overview of how various psychoactive substances, including #cannabis, #hallucinogens, #opioids, and #stimulants, impact addiction vulnerability. 📊🔍 With a focus on improving prevention strategies and treatment recommendations, our research meticulously reviews sixty articles, revealing diverse methodologies and geographic locations. We’ve analyzed the significant role of neurotransmitter systems like endocannabinoid and dopaminergic systems in addiction, and how genetic and neurobiological factors contribute to cannabis addiction susceptibility. 🚀 The findings emphasize the importance of understanding these multifaceted interactions for designing effective interventions to address the complexities of SUD and associated psychiatric symptoms. 📖 Read more: https://lnkd.in/d3Ye74UD #psychoactives #drugs #clinicalpsychology #addictions

Study Spotlight #16: Safety and efficacy of CBD low oral doses The authors reviewed 57 interventional studies measuring the efficacy, safety, and tolerability of orally administered CBD at ≤400 mg daily in adults. The therapeutic benefits of CBD became more apparent at doses ≥300 mg/day. Increased dosing from 60 to 400 mg/day did not appear to be associated with an increased frequency of adverse effects. Dosages of 300–400 mg were associated with therapeutic effects regarding anxiety and addiction. https://lnkd.in/gYdnNxP4

Substance Use Disorders are more than just the psychological need to use a substance. They are complex diseases which affect the natural chemistry of the user’s body. Learn more about the chemistry behind addiction in this blog post from Amy Racines, Research and Development Coordinator at USDTL. Read more: https://zurl.co/TklS

KRATOM 13x more powerful!!!! People often hear that kratom is “13 times more powerful than morphine,” which can make them skeptical of the many benefits of kratom. However, recent studies are starting to clarify that this claim is misleading. 🍃New research shows that one of the compounds in kratom MG may have therapeutic effects similar to pain relief from morphine but with FEWER SIDE EFFECTS like respiratory depression and addiction potential. This compound works differently from opioids and seems to be SAFER 🍃While some studies have suggested that MG is more potent than morphine, many of these claims are not well-supported. Different studies have reported varying levels of potency and effectiveness for MG, and the media often misrepresents these findings without proper context. https://lnkd.in/gQwWGU3F

Every five minutes a person dies of a drug overdose. This week is National Drug & Alcohol Facts Week, in honor of that I wanted to touch on IMF and xylazine and the dangers of these drugs. To read more click the link below: https://lnkd.in/eEyywjfV #NDAFW #NationalDrugandAlcoholFactsWeek #IMF #xylazine #opioid #fentanyl #opioidcrisis #mentalhealth #mentalhealthmatters #psychology #psychologist