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Firing nerve fibers in the brain are supplied with energy on demand . To rapidly transmit electrical signals in the brain, the long nerve fibers are insulated by specialized cells called oligodendrocytes. These cells also respond to the electrical signals of active nerve fibers and provide them with energy on demand, as researchers have discovered. If this process, regulated by potassium, is disabled in mice, the nerve fibers are severely damaged as the animals age -- resembling the defects of neurodegenerative diseases. #ScienceDailynews #InnovativeResearch #NextGenScience #ExploringFrontiers

New Publication Alert: Chung et al., Nature. 2024 The study was led by Changuk Chung, Ph.D., and Xiaoxu Yang, Ph.D., both from the laboratory of Joseph Gleeson, M.D., at the School of Medicine Department of Neurosciences and the Rady Children's Institute for Genomic Medicine. In the study, Chung et al., leverage cell-type resolved mosaicism to reveal clonal dynamics of the human forebrain. In addition to other cutting edge approaches, the research team utilized ResolveOME™-enabled DNA and RNA analysis from the same cell which allowed for the simultaneous identification of the cell type and genotype by the authors. Read the full paper below ⤵ https://lnkd.in/gWip-TvA #WhatQuestionsWillYouAsk

🌟 With the blessings of the Almighty, I am happy to share our latest publication, a review article titled 'Extracellular Vesicles: A New Approach to Study the Brain’s Neural System and Its Diseases,' now available in the Springer Journal of Cell Biochemistry and Biophysics. Dive into this comprehensive analysis to explore new dimensions in neuroscientific research. 🧠✨ Read more here: https://lnkd.in/gXdA54ba #Neuroscience #BrainHealth #ScientificPublication #biotechnology #JamiaHamdard #BrainResearch #DrugDiscovery #Publication #Alzheimer #Parkinson #Diseases #biology #springer #research #newresearch #trends #lifesciences

Finding the Cause of a Severe Neurological Disorder The enzyme RNA polymerase III (Pol III) synthesizes RNA molecules involved in essential cellular processes including protein synthesis and protein secretion. Pathogenic mutations in multiple genes encoding subunits of Pol III result in a spectrum of inherited neurodegenerative diseases including a common form of leukodystrophy. The disease involves neurological deficits including developmental delays, a progressive decline in cognitive and motor function, and cerebellar atrophy. Ian Willis, Ph.D., has received a five-year, $3.4 million National Institutes of Health grant to study how mutations in Pol III lead to the disease. He and his colleagues will use a mouse model of Pol III-related leukodystrophy that reflects features of the disease seen in patients. In addition to gaining insight into the molecular mechanisms underlying Pol III-related leukodystrophy, the researchers will test potential therapies for the disease. Dr. Willis is professor of biochemistry and of systems & computational biology at Einstein. #RNA #neurology #NIH #biochemistry #research

📃Scientific paper: Role of Rph3A in brain injury induced by experimental cerebral ischemia‐reperfusion model in rats Abstract: AIM: The aim was to study the role of Rph3A in neuronal injury induced by cerebral ischemia‐reperfusion. METHODS: The protein and mRNA levels of Rph3A in penumbra were detected by Western blot. The localization of Rph3A in different cell types in penumbra was detected by immunofluorescence. Apoptosis in the brain was detected by TUNEL staining. We tested neurobehavioral evaluation using rotarod test, adhesive‐removal test, and Morris Water maze test. We examined the expression and localization of Rph3A in cultured neurons and astrocytes in vitro by Western blot and ELISA, respectively. RESULTS: The mRNA and protein levels of Rph3A had significantly increased in brain penumbra of the rat MCAO/R model. Rph3A was mainly distributed in neurons and astrocytes and was significantly increased by MCAO/R. We downregulated Rph3A and found that it further worsened the cerebral infarct, neuronal death and behavioral, cognitive, and memory impairments in rats after MCAO/R. We also found that ischemia‐reperfusion upregulated the in vitro protein level and secretion of Rph3A in astrocytes but led to a decrease in the protein level of Rph3A in neurons. CONCLUSION: The increase in Rph3A in the brain penumbra may be an endogenous protective mechanism against ischemia‐reperfusion injury, which is mainly dominated by astrocytes. Continued on ES/IODE ➡️ https://etcse.fr/XcjD ------- If you find this interesting, feel free to follow, comment and share. We need your help to enhance our visibility, so that our platform continues to serve you.

🧬 Check out this blog from Inside Scientific discussing the exciting world of organoids in neuroscience! 🧫 Organoids are a fascinating area of research in biology and medicine. They are 3D cell cultures that mimic the structure and function of organs. Organoids offer a platform for studying organ development, disease modeling, drug testing, and personalized medicine. Their versatility makes them valuable tools in various contexts. In personalized medicine, organoids can be derived from a patient's own cells to model diseases and test potential treatments, allowing for more tailored and effective therapies. In research on biological diseases, organoids can provide insights into disease mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets. Additionally, organoids are advancing biotechnologies by serving as platforms for drug screening and toxicity testing, reducing the reliance on animal models. Read more about the applications of organoids in neuroscience and how DBC provides tools for scientists to unlock the secrets of the brain. ⤵️ https://hubs.ly/Q02nBzvX0

#ischemicstroke #twophotonexcitedfluorescencelaserscanningmicroscopy From static to dynamic: live observation of the support system after ischemic stroke by two photon-excited fluorescence laser-scanning microscopy https://lnkd.in/dQy3gBc6 Ischemic stroke is one of the most common causes of mortality and disability worldwide. As the critical support system and essential components in neurovascular units, glial cells and blood vessels (including the blood-brain barrier) together maintain an optimal microenvironment for neuronal function. They provide nutrients, regulate neuronal excitability, and prevent harmful substances from entering brain tissue. The highly dynamic networks of this support system play an essential role in ischemic stroke through processes including brain homeostasis, supporting neuronal function, and reacting to injuries. However, most studies have focused on postmortem animals, which inevitably lack critical information about the dynamic changes that occur after ischemic stroke. Therefore, a high-precision technique for research in living animals is urgently needed. Two-photon fluorescence laser-scanning microscopy is a powerful imaging technique that can facilitate live imaging at high spatiotemporal resolutions. In this review, we discuss exciting findings from research on the support system after ischemic stroke using two-photon fluorescence laser-scanning microscopy, highlighting the importance of dynamic observations of cellular behavior and interactions in the networks of the brain’s support systems. We show the excellent application prospects and advantages of two-photon fluorescence laser-scanning microscopy and predict future research developments and directions in the study of ischemic stroke.

In recent years, scientists have been successful in using brain organoids or mini brains grown in the lab for: 🧠 studying how the brain develops 🧠 screening drugs 🧠 creating advanced neural networks However, there’s a limitation: Brain organoids usually lack cell types other than neurons. As a result, these organoids miss out on the interactions between neurons and other cells. #CaseInPoint: Microglia, a class of immune cells that support brain growth and facilitate maintenance and repair. To understand how microglia interact with the developing brain, researchers devised a protocol to introduce microglia in brain organoids. In a multi-institutional study led by the Singapore Immunology Network (SIgN), here’s what they found: Microglia helped nerve cells in brain organoids reach their full potential. 🤯 The findings of the research suggest that microglia-enriched brain organoids could enable further studies on the role of microglia in diseases and towards the development of new therapies. Learn more by following the link in our comments section. 👇 --- #AsianScientist #scicomm #research #brainorganoids #microglia

Pain studies subject animals to immense suffering in experiments that don’t yield pertinent data for humans because of vast differences in physiology between species. Researchers at The University of Texas at Dallas are turning to human tissue samples in order to collect human-relevant data and produce effective treatments. Neuroscientist Ted Price affirms the importance of utilizing human tissue samples. He states: “sequencing and other work has shown that there are fundamental differences in drug target expression in the nervous system structures between each vertebra of the spine, called the dorsal root ganglia, in humans compared to other animals. For example, we’ve seen changes associated with injury in humans that are not equivalent to what we see in the mouse.” They have partnered with Southwest Transplant Alliance to a create tissue bank with samples that can be studied with modern techniques such as single-cell sequencing, proteomics, electrophysiology, and calcium imaging, in order to develop effective, precision-based therapeutics. https://lnkd.in/gUwxvjfn

At Charnwood Discovery we have successfully developed a suite of assays to screen compounds against neuronal cells differentiated in-house from iPSC-derived neural stem cells. Read about our mono-culture work below, however we have the capability to culture two or three cell types (astrocytes, microglial cells) together with neurons to recapitulate the complex 3-dimensional architecture of the brain in a more physiological environment. By using high content imaging, flow cytometry, immunoblotting and kinetic imaging, we are able to study the functions of both normal and disease cells and the effects of compounds on these cell types. Find out more here: ➡ https://lnkd.in/e2K23JYK #DrugDiscovery #Neuroscience #Innovation