#ResearchSpotlight! Joshua A. Boyce, MD, Chief of the Division of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, discusses his work on a paper exploring severe inflammation in asthma. Learn more:
Brigham and Women's Hospital’s Post
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Meet Luke Legakis, MD, PhD, a clinical fellow in the Section of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology at Yale School of Medicine, who enjoys learning about his patients’ perspectives and backgrounds within the context of their illnesses. "As a fellow, I have the opportunity to focus on the genetic and clinical factors associated with immune checkpoint-inhibitor toxicity mediated via T-cells and secondary immunodeficiency resulting from oncologic and rheumatologic therapy through applying cytokine profiles to characterize changes in the immune system." Learn more about Legakis below. https://lnkd.in/e-eqCTHB
Fellow Focus in Four: Luke Legakis, MD, PhD, Allergy and Immunology
medicine.yale.edu
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What are your thoughts on individualised approaches in Eosinophilic Asthma care? Have you encountered similar challenges in treatment? The study featured in The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology reveals the complexity of treating Eosinophilic Asthma in children, even with advanced therapies like mepolizumab. Despite its efficacy, distinct eosinophil subpopulations continue to drive symptoms in some children, highlighting the need for personalised treatment plans. https://lnkd.in/ecHGAM53 #EoE #PaediatricCare #HealthcareInnovation #EOSNetwork #research #Gastroenterology #gastro #gastrointestinal #gastroenterologia #gastroenterologie #patientcare #healthcare #clinicalresearch #doctors #immunology #healthcareinnovation #EGID #GI
Persistent Asthma Symptoms in Children on Mepolizumab
eosnetwork.org
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#medicine #medicalsciences #immunology #gastroenterolgy https://lnkd.in/gzggZMQd Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an antigen-driven type 2 #inflammatory #eosinophil prominent #disease with increasing prevalence. It is the most common cause of #dysphagia and carries a substantive risk for tissue remodeling–driven strictures. Its diagnosis requires the presence of more than 15 eosinophils per high power field (hpf) and relies on repeated tissue biopsy for management.1 Although expert opinion has been the foundation for the diagnostic and management criteria, recent studies are driving an evolving consensus that the eosinophil serves as a biomarker for disease activity but is not solely responsible for pathogenesis.
Eosinophilic esophagitis: Shifting immune complexity beyond the eosinophil
jacionline.org
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Engineering immune tolerance https://lnkd.in/gTMeXyXK Autoimmune disorders encompass a wide range of immunological diseases that affect 4%-10% of the population worldwide. They occur when immunological tolerance toward self-antigens is broken, resulting in immune responses against cells, tissues, or organs that lead to tissue dysfunction and/or destruction. The goal of autoimmune disease therapy is to restore tolerance to the self-antigen that causes the pathology by targeting autoreactive T-cells while preserving immune competence to prevent infections and malignancies. The main challenge is choosing the mode by which the disease-driving antigen is delivered so that it can initiate the removal or reprogramming of the autoreactive T-cells or the induction and/or expansion of antigen-specific regulatory T (Treg) cells to suppress autoreactive T cells. Although the potential of antigen-based immunotherapy approaches to restore tolerance have been demonstrated for the treatment of immunoglobulin E (IgE) – mediated peanut allergy, antigen therapies for autoimmune disorders are still being developed.
Engineering immune tolerance
axial.substack.com
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Associate Dean for Research and Graduate Studies - Shreiber School of Veterinary Medicine of Rowan University
Excited to share our review paper in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, discussing Paucigranulocytic asthma (PGA). We delve into the unique challenges of this asthma phenotype, characterized by an uncoupling of airway obstruction from inflammation. Often underestimated, PGA is the most common phenotype in stable asthma, resistant to typical anti-inflammatory therapies. Inhaled corticosteroids show limited efficacy, emphasizing the need for alternative treatments. This review underscores the importance of better biomarkers and a deeper understanding of PGA's prevalence, clinical significance, and underlying pathobiology. Stay tuned for more insights into precision therapies for improved clinical outcomes.
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SARS-CoV-2 infections have a long-term impact on the immune system: In a study recently published in the renowned journal “Allergy”, a MedUni Vienna research team shows that COVID-19 leads to considerable long-term changes in the immune system, even in mild cases. The findings could help to better understand the long-term consequences of an infection with SARS-CoV-2. As part of the study, the team led by first authors Bernhard Kratzer and Pia Gattinger and principal investigators Rudolf Valenta and Winfried Pickl (all from MedUni Vienna’s Center for Pathophysiology, Infectiology and Immunology) examined relevant immune parameters in 133 subjects who had recovered Covid has long-term impact on the immune system as seen on The Hippocratic Post.
Covid has long-term impact on the immune system - The Hippocratic Post
https://www.hippocraticpost.com
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Our paradigm twisting study concerning children with atopic dermatitis is out today in Science Immunology (https://lnkd.in/gpHirhYT) In contrast to the conventional wisdom of defective/reduced populations of natural killer (NK) cells being a possible driver of eczema that should be therapeutically fixed, we find a longitudinal accumulation of phenotypically and functionally unique NK cells (low NKG2D, high TNF) in children with atopic dermatitis that is linked to more severe eczema and allergen sensitivity. Whether these cells plays a causative role or a prognostic marker of this disease progression remains to be determined! The gist: We were broadly interested in what causes some children with atopic dermatitis (AD) to develop allergic and asthmatic disease (the atopic march) and are exploring potential mechanisms of this progression in a prospective early life cohort of children with AD (MPAACH). Here, we examined phenotypic and functional changes in blood NK cells in a subset of the cohort during their initial clinical visits (ages 1-3). Conventional wisdom holds that NK cells are reduced/dysfunctional in AD, invoking therapeutic activation or expansion of NK cells. We introduce a wrinkle to this paradigm by showing emergence of distinct NK cells with reduced NKG2D activating receptor expression & reduced antitumor killing, but increased cytokine (TNF) secretion that portend worsening eczema and allergic disease in a subset of kids with AD. Persistence or acquisition of allergen sensitization was linked to longitudinal increases in the proportion of these hyperactive NKG2D-low NK cells, which were also more pronounced in children co-sensitized to aeroallergens and food allergens (a risk factor for asthma). This hyperactive subset of NK cells could be causative, exacerbating eczema and/or provoking progressive development of allergic and asthmatic disease, which would open avenues to new therapeutic to curtail the atopic march. Alternatively, these NK cells could be a consequence of allergic sensitization and perturbed barrier function, highlighting their potential as prognostic markers and raising the specter of functional contributions of these cells to subsequent progression into allergic rhinitis or asthma. https://lnkd.in/gsNdWCFE
Progressive accumulation of hyperinflammatory NKG2Dlow NK cells in early childhood severe atopic dermatitis
science.org
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Innate Immunology, American Heart Association Fellow at Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center
Our paradigm twisting study concerning children with atopic dermatitis is out today in Science Immunology (https://lnkd.in/gpHirhYT) In contrast to the conventional wisdom of defective/reduced populations of natural killer (NK) cells being a possible driver of eczema that should be therapeutically fixed, we find a longitudinal accumulation of phenotypically and functionally unique NK cells (low NKG2D, high TNF) in children with atopic dermatitis that is linked to more severe eczema and allergen sensitivity. Whether these cells plays a causative role or a prognostic marker of this disease progression remains to be determined! The gist: We were broadly interested in what causes some children with atopic dermatitis (AD) to develop allergic and asthmatic disease (the atopic march) and are exploring potential mechanisms of this progression in a prospective early life cohort of children with AD (MPAACH). Here, we examined phenotypic and functional changes in blood NK cells in a subset of the cohort during their initial clinical visits (ages 1-3). Conventional wisdom holds that NK cells are reduced/dysfunctional in AD, invoking therapeutic activation or expansion of NK cells. We introduce a wrinkle to this paradigm by showing emergence of distinct NK cells with reduced NKG2D activating receptor expression & reduced antitumor killing, but increased cytokine (TNF) secretion that portend worsening eczema and allergic disease in a subset of kids with AD. Persistence or acquisition of allergen sensitization was linked to longitudinal increases in the proportion of these hyperactive NKG2D-low NK cells, which were also more pronounced in children co-sensitized to aeroallergens and food allergens (a risk factor for asthma). This hyperactive subset of NK cells could be causative, exacerbating eczema and/or provoking progressive development of allergic and asthmatic disease, which would open avenues to new therapeutic to curtail the atopic march. Alternatively, these NK cells could be a consequence of allergic sensitization and perturbed barrier function, highlighting their potential as prognostic markers and raising the specter of functional contributions of these cells to subsequent progression into allergic rhinitis or asthma.
Progressive accumulation of hyperinflammatory NKG2Dlow NK cells in early childhood severe atopic dermatitis
science.org
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For all the mucosal immunology enthusiasts out there 😉 Check out our latest publication, hot off the press: "Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 Spike-specific IgA and IgG in Nasal Secretions, Saliva, and Serum," published in Frontiers in Immunology. This paper evaluates the impact of prior infection and vaccination on SARS-CoV-2-specific IgA and IgG responses in the oral and nasal compartments. We explore Ig levels in oral and saliva samples and assess secretory IgA, IgA, and IgG in mucosal compartments. Key findings include: - The potential advantages of measuring antigen-specific IgA in nasal secretions over saliva. - A reaffirmation that previous infection, but not vaccination, enhances spike-specific mucosal IgA levels in both saliva and nasal secretions. - Indications that mucosal IgA exhibit enhanced cross-variant binding capabilities in comparison to mucosal IgG and serum IgG.
Frontiers | Comparison of SARS-CoV-2 spike-specific IgA and IgG in nasal secretions, saliva and serum
frontiersin.org
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In this month's episode of Hadassah On Call: New Frontiers in Medicine, we welcome Dr. Yuval Tal, director of the Allergy and Clinical Immunology Unit at Hadassah Hospital Ein Kerem | https://lnkd.in/dYFDM-uw Dr. Tal shares the latest advancements in clinical immunology, focusing on personalized treatments and biological medicine. He also highlights his department's expertise in treating various immunological diseases. ⏺ Is there a link between #PTSD and allergies? ⏺ How does Dr. Tal's department use precision medicine to advance treatments in clinical #immunology? ⏺ Is there a specific group of people who may be more susceptible to #COVID-19? ⏺ How are protective antibodies used? 📹 https://lnkd.in/dYFDM-uw
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