Fascinating portraits of Native Americans from over 100 years ago show men and women in tribal dress and brimmed hats visiting Washington DC

  • The portraits were taken by the studio of Charles Milton Bell in Washington DC between 1873 and 1916 
  • They show men, women and children dressed in a variety of traditional clothing as well as Western attire
  • All the shots have been restored as part of a 30,000-strong collection held at the Library of Congress 

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Stunning photographs of Native American men, women and children on a trip to Washington DC have been restored for a new collection.

The portraits - taken between 1873 and 1916 - were the work of Charles Milton Bell's studio, one of the most prestigious photography establishments in the capital.

Prompted by Ferdinand V Hayden, the director of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories, Bell regularly snapped Native American visitors to Washington throughout his career. 

The pictures - which include men and women in both tribal and Western dress - have been restored by Cover Images as part of a 30,000-strong collection of negatives at the Library of Congress.

But their survival was never a guarantee, and included a long journey through a variety of owners - including Scottish inventor Alexander Graham Bell. 

The Library of Congress only secured the pictures in 1975 from the American Genetic Association.   

The portraits, taken by the studio of Charles Milton Bell between 1873 and 1916, were part of a series taken of visitors to Washington DC. Above, men named Two Moons and Am Horse in suits and hats pose for the camera

The portraits, taken by the studio of Charles Milton Bell between 1873 and 1916, were part of a series taken of visitors to Washington DC. Above, men named Two Moons and Am Horse in suits and hats pose for the camera

Bell took photographs of Native Americans throughout his career after being prompted by Ferdinand V Hayden, director of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories. Pictured, Geo Deerhorn in full Western attire, including gloves, hat and cane
The photographer Charles Milton Bell himself, with cigar and suit

Bell took photographs of Native Americans throughout his career after being prompted by Ferdinand V Hayden, director of the United States Geological Survey of the Territories. Pictured left, Geo Deerhorn in full Western attire, including gloves, hat and cane. Right, photographer Charles Milton Bell himself

Cover Images has restored the Bell portraits as part of a 30,000-strong collection at the Library of Congress. Pictured above, four Native American men dressed sharply in Western attire, including suits and bow ties. On the left side of the picture, damage from decades of wear can be seen 

Cover Images has restored the Bell portraits as part of a 30,000-strong collection at the Library of Congress. Pictured above, four Native American men dressed sharply in Western attire, including suits and bow ties. On the left side of the picture, damage from decades of wear can be seen 

Bell's studio became famous for its large collection of pictures featuring Washington notables, including businessmen, politicians, educators, diplomats and esteemed visitors from other countries, as well as members of the black middle class. Pictured, a Native American appears to sport a combination of Western and tribal dress, including a waistcoat featuring the Stars and Stripes
A man with a cane, pinstriped trousers and traditional long hair poses for his portrait shot

Bell's studio became famous for its large collection of pictures featuring Washington notables, including businessmen, politicians, educators, diplomats and esteemed visitors from other countries, as well as members of the black middle class. Left, Geo Deehorn appears to sport a combination of Western and tribal dress, including a waistcoat featuring the Stars and Stripes. Right, a man named Waulicomo with a cane, pinstriped trousers and traditional long hair

The pictures had a long and uncertain journey before being acquired by the Library of Congress in 1975, including time spent in the ownership of Scottish inventor Alexander Graham Bell. Pictured, Deroin and Whitewater in full traditional dress, including hats, boots and medallion

The pictures had a long and uncertain journey before being acquired by the Library of Congress in 1975, including time spent in the ownership of Scottish inventor Alexander Graham Bell. Pictured, Deroin and Whitewater in full traditional dress, including hats, boots and medallion

Alexander Graham Bell (who was no relation to C. M. Bell) acquired the pictures because he was interested in the study of human heredity and saw them not only as important documentation of Washington's political and social history but also as a source for examining many generations of the same family. Pictured, a shot of Ale Ko in traditional dress from a close-up angle
A picture of the same man from a more distant angle. He appears to have a claw attached to his necklace and a feather in his hair

Alexander Graham Bell (who was no relation to C. M. Bell) acquired the pictures because he was interested in the study of human heredity and saw them not only as important documentation of Washington's political and social history but also as a source for examining many generations of the same family. Pictured, two shots of Ale Ko in traditional dress from different angles

Charles Milton Bell died in 1893 but his wife Annie took over the photography studio. Pictured above, a family - including father Little Dog - in traditional dress, including a baby apparently unable to stay still for the shoot 

Charles Milton Bell died in 1893 but his wife Annie took over the photography studio. Pictured above, a family - including father Little Dog - in traditional dress, including a baby apparently unable to stay still for the shoot 

A man pictured with an axe, necklace of claws and a hat with feather
A Native American man with medallion, axe, and hat featuring a feather

The Native Americans once dominated the entirety of what is now the United States before losing the vast majority of land to European settlers through war and sales. Pictured above, two men in traditional dress, including (left) Walking Cloud with a necklace full of claws and (right) a man with a clearly shining earring

Some of the photographs, which have been restored after more than 100 years, have been damaged by wear and tear. Above, Yellow Loedge, with a young child on her lap, smiles for the camera

Some of the photographs, which have been restored after more than 100 years, have been damaged by wear and tear. Above, Yellow Loedge, with a young child on her lap, smiles for the camera

At the time the pictures were first being taken, 1873, Americans of European heritage had an uneasy relationship with Native Americans, particularly in the northwest of the country. In 1876, 268 American cavalrymen were slain - including General George Armstrong Custer - at the Battle of the Little Bighorn in Montana. Pictured, Bahbeskeit in traditional dress
Fox is shown with an axe, hat with feather and necklace of claws at the Washington studio of Charles Bell

At the time the pictures were first being taken, 1873, Americans of European heritage had an uneasy relationship with Native Americans, particularly in the northwest of the country. In 1876, 268 American cavalrymen were slain - including General George Armstrong Custer - at the Battle of the Little Bighorn in Montana. Above, two men - Fox (right) and Bahbeskeit (left) in traditional dress 

Charles Bell took photographs of Native Americans for the Department of the Interior and the Bureau of American Ethnology, as well as for himself. Pictured above, Quanah Parker in traditional attire leans against a chair

Charles Bell took photographs of Native Americans for the Department of the Interior and the Bureau of American Ethnology, as well as for himself. Pictured above, Quanah Parker in traditional attire leans against a chair

Wah Shem gah in traditional Native American clothing, including necklace and feather
Richard Shontona is pictured with his hair tied and traditional attire

Pictured left, Wah Shem gah in traditional Native American clothing, including necklace and feather. Right, Richard Shontona with his hair tied

A damaged photograph showing Jas Arkeketer, slightly out of focus, staring at the camera. A large necklace featuring what appear to be the claws of animals can also be seen

A damaged photograph showing Jas Arkeketer, slightly out of focus, staring at the camera. A large necklace featuring what appear to be the claws of animals can also be seen

HOW THE NATIVES EXPLORED THE US THOUSANDS OF YEARS BEFORE COLUMBUS

A Native American chief painted in what is now North Carolina, in this watercolour by John White in 1585

A Native American chief painted in what is now North Carolina, in this watercolour by John White in 1585

Late in the Ice Age the Indians made their way from Asia into Alaska across the Bering land bridge and explored the west coast of North America.

They were growing crops and raising animals in Mexico by 5500 BC, had developed governing states by 2000BC and had covered most of the continent as early 1000BC.

European adventurers including Christopher Columbus arrived in the 15th century AD at a time when about 50million people were living in the Americas.

The invasions brought unfamiliar diseases including smallpox and measles which spread quickly among the natives and wiped out the populations of many cities.

The Europeans started colonising the Americas and would fight the natives when using horses and guns against the Indians' hand weapons and arrows.

The Indian nations were defeated and survivors were taken to reservations. By 1800, Native Americans only accounted for 15 per cent of the nation's population.

This compared to the 85 per cent made up of settlers - and a survey in 1900 showed the Indians to make up just 0.5 per cent of the population.

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