Modeling Multi-Agent Systems using UML
Resumo
Tropos é um framework que fornece uma abordagem para guiar o desenvolvimento de sistemas multi-agentes (SMA). Ele utiliza a notatção i* para descrever tanto os requisitos como o projeto arquitetural de SMA. Entretanto, o uso da notação i* como uma linguagem de descrição arquitetural (LDA) não é adequado porque esta notação apresenta algumas limitações para capturar toda a informação necessária para projetar a arquitetura de SMA. Reconhecendo que a Unified Modeling Language 2.0 (UML) suporta a descrição arquitetural de software, neste trabalho apresentamos uma extensão do metamodelo da UML para capturar as características de agência de forma a suportar a modelagem de SMA ao nível arquitetural. Com isto, definimos uma notação para modelar a arquitetura de SMA. Além disso, oferecemos um conjunto de heurísticas para descrever SMA usando nossa notação baseada em UML a partir da descrição arquitetural do SMA usando i*. A nossa abordagem é ilustrada usando um Sistema Gerenciador de Conferência.
Referências
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Braubach, L., Pokahr, A., Lamersdorf, W. (2004) "Jadex: A Short Overview", In 5th Annual International Conf. on Object-Oriented and Internet-based Technologies, Concepts, and Applications for a Networked World (Net.ObjectDays'04), AgentExpo
Castro, J. Kolp, M., Mylopoulos, J. (2002) "Towards Requirements-Driven Information Systems Engineering: The Tropos Project", Information Systems Journal. Volume 27. Elsevier, p. 365 - 89.
FIPA (2004) FIPA (The Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents), Available: http://www.fipa.org
Giorgini, P., Kolp, M., Mylopoulos, J., Castro, J. (2005) "Tropos: A Requirements-Driven Methodology for Agent-Oriented Software", In Henderson-Sellers, B. et al. (eds.): Agent-Oriented Methodologies. Idea Group, p. 20 - 45.
Kolp, M., Giorgini, P., Mylopoulos, J. (2002) "Information Systems Development through Social Structures", In 14th International Conference on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering (SEKE), Ischia, Italy.
Minsky, N and Muarata, T. (2004) "On Manageability and Robustness of Open Multi-Agent Systems", In: Lucena, C. et al. (eds.): Soft. Eng. for Multi-Agent Systems II: Research Issues and Practical App.. LNCS, Vol. 2940, Springer-Verlag, p. 189 - 206.
Mouratidis, H., Faulkner, S., Kolp, M., Giorgini, P. (2005) "A Secure Architectural Description Language for Agent Systems", In 4th Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems (AAMAS'05). Uthrecht, The Netherlands.
Odell, J., Parunak, H. V. D, Bauer, B. (2000) "Extending UML for agents", In Proc. of the 2nd Int. Bi-Conf. Workshop on Agent-Oriented Information Systems at the 17th National Conf. on Artificial Intelligence, Austin, USA. iCue Publishing, p. 3 - 17.
Rao, A. S. and Georgeff, M. P. (1995) "BDI agents: from theory to practice", Technical Note 56, Australian Artificial Intelligence Institute.
Selic, B. and Rumbaugh, J. (1998) "Using UML for Modeling Complex Real - Time Systems", Rational Whitepaper, Available: http://www.rational.com.
Silva, C., Castro, J., Mylopoulos, J. (2003) "Detailing Architectural Design in Requirements Driven Software Development: The Tropos Case", In Proceedings of the XVII Simpósio Brasileiro de Engenharia de Software, Manaus, Brasil, p. 85 - 93.
Silva, V., Garcia, A., Brandão, A., Chavez, C., Lucena, C., Alencar, P. (2003) "Taming Agents and Objects in Software Engineering", In: Garcia, A. et al. (eds.): Soft. Eng. for Large-Scale Multi-Agent Systems. LNCS, Vol. 2603. Springer-Verlag, p. 1 - 25.
Silva, V. and Lucena, C. (2004) "From a Conceptual Framework for Agents and Objects to a Multi-Agent System Modeling Language", In: Sycara, K. et al. (eds.): Journal of Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 9, 1-2, p. 145 - 189.
Silva, C., Tedesco, P., Castro, J., Pinto, R. (2004) "Comparing Agent-Oriented Methodologies Using a NFR Approach", In Proc. of the 3rd Software Engineering for Large-Scale Multi-Agent Systems (SELMAS'04). Edinburgh, Scotland, p. 1 - 9.
Silva, V., Noya, R., Lucena, C. (2005) "Using the UML 2.0 activity diagram to model agent plans and actions", In 4th Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems (AAMAS'05). Uthrecht, The Netherlands, p. 594 - 600.
Silva, C., Castro, J., Tedesco, P., Araújo, J., Moreira, A., Mylopoulos, J. (2006) "Improving the Architectural Design of Multi-Agent Systems: The Tropos Case", In 5th Soft. Engineering for Large-Scale Multi-Agent Systems at ICSE'06 (to appear).
Shaw, M. and Garlan, D. (1996) Software Architecture: Perspectives on an Emerging Discipline. Prentice Hall.
Sommerville, I. (2001) Software Engineering - Ed.6. Addison Wesley.
OMG (2004) Meta Object Facility (MOF) 2.0 Core Specification, Available: http://www.omg.org/docs/ptc/04-10-15.pdf.
OMG (2005) Unified Modeling Language (UML): Superstructure. Version 2.0, Available: http://www.omg.org/docs/formal/05-07-04.pdf.
Wooldridge, M. (2002) An Introduction to Multiagent Systems. John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. England, p. 15 - 103.
Yu, E. (1995) Modelling Strategic Relationships for Process Reengineering. Ph.D. thesis. Department of Computer Science. University of Toronto, Canada.
Zambonelli, F., Jennings, N., Wooldridge, M. (2003) "Developing Multiagent Systems: the Gaia Methodology", In ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology, 12, 3, p. 317 - 370.
Braubach, L., Pokahr, A., Lamersdorf, W. (2004) "Jadex: A Short Overview", In 5th Annual International Conf. on Object-Oriented and Internet-based Technologies, Concepts, and Applications for a Networked World (Net.ObjectDays'04), AgentExpo
Castro, J. Kolp, M., Mylopoulos, J. (2002) "Towards Requirements-Driven Information Systems Engineering: The Tropos Project", Information Systems Journal. Volume 27. Elsevier, p. 365 - 89.
FIPA (2004) FIPA (The Foundation for Intelligent Physical Agents), Available: http://www.fipa.org
Giorgini, P., Kolp, M., Mylopoulos, J., Castro, J. (2005) "Tropos: A Requirements-Driven Methodology for Agent-Oriented Software", In Henderson-Sellers, B. et al. (eds.): Agent-Oriented Methodologies. Idea Group, p. 20 - 45.
Kolp, M., Giorgini, P., Mylopoulos, J. (2002) "Information Systems Development through Social Structures", In 14th International Conference on Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering (SEKE), Ischia, Italy.
Minsky, N and Muarata, T. (2004) "On Manageability and Robustness of Open Multi-Agent Systems", In: Lucena, C. et al. (eds.): Soft. Eng. for Multi-Agent Systems II: Research Issues and Practical App.. LNCS, Vol. 2940, Springer-Verlag, p. 189 - 206.
Mouratidis, H., Faulkner, S., Kolp, M., Giorgini, P. (2005) "A Secure Architectural Description Language for Agent Systems", In 4th Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems (AAMAS'05). Uthrecht, The Netherlands.
Odell, J., Parunak, H. V. D, Bauer, B. (2000) "Extending UML for agents", In Proc. of the 2nd Int. Bi-Conf. Workshop on Agent-Oriented Information Systems at the 17th National Conf. on Artificial Intelligence, Austin, USA. iCue Publishing, p. 3 - 17.
Rao, A. S. and Georgeff, M. P. (1995) "BDI agents: from theory to practice", Technical Note 56, Australian Artificial Intelligence Institute.
Selic, B. and Rumbaugh, J. (1998) "Using UML for Modeling Complex Real - Time Systems", Rational Whitepaper, Available: http://www.rational.com.
Silva, C., Castro, J., Mylopoulos, J. (2003) "Detailing Architectural Design in Requirements Driven Software Development: The Tropos Case", In Proceedings of the XVII Simpósio Brasileiro de Engenharia de Software, Manaus, Brasil, p. 85 - 93.
Silva, V., Garcia, A., Brandão, A., Chavez, C., Lucena, C., Alencar, P. (2003) "Taming Agents and Objects in Software Engineering", In: Garcia, A. et al. (eds.): Soft. Eng. for Large-Scale Multi-Agent Systems. LNCS, Vol. 2603. Springer-Verlag, p. 1 - 25.
Silva, V. and Lucena, C. (2004) "From a Conceptual Framework for Agents and Objects to a Multi-Agent System Modeling Language", In: Sycara, K. et al. (eds.): Journal of Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems. Kluwer Academic Publishers, 9, 1-2, p. 145 - 189.
Silva, C., Tedesco, P., Castro, J., Pinto, R. (2004) "Comparing Agent-Oriented Methodologies Using a NFR Approach", In Proc. of the 3rd Software Engineering for Large-Scale Multi-Agent Systems (SELMAS'04). Edinburgh, Scotland, p. 1 - 9.
Silva, V., Noya, R., Lucena, C. (2005) "Using the UML 2.0 activity diagram to model agent plans and actions", In 4th Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems (AAMAS'05). Uthrecht, The Netherlands, p. 594 - 600.
Silva, C., Castro, J., Tedesco, P., Araújo, J., Moreira, A., Mylopoulos, J. (2006) "Improving the Architectural Design of Multi-Agent Systems: The Tropos Case", In 5th Soft. Engineering for Large-Scale Multi-Agent Systems at ICSE'06 (to appear).
Shaw, M. and Garlan, D. (1996) Software Architecture: Perspectives on an Emerging Discipline. Prentice Hall.
Sommerville, I. (2001) Software Engineering - Ed.6. Addison Wesley.
OMG (2004) Meta Object Facility (MOF) 2.0 Core Specification, Available: http://www.omg.org/docs/ptc/04-10-15.pdf.
OMG (2005) Unified Modeling Language (UML): Superstructure. Version 2.0, Available: http://www.omg.org/docs/formal/05-07-04.pdf.
Wooldridge, M. (2002) An Introduction to Multiagent Systems. John Wiley and Sons, Ltd. England, p. 15 - 103.
Yu, E. (1995) Modelling Strategic Relationships for Process Reengineering. Ph.D. thesis. Department of Computer Science. University of Toronto, Canada.
Zambonelli, F., Jennings, N., Wooldridge, M. (2003) "Developing Multiagent Systems: the Gaia Methodology", In ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology, 12, 3, p. 317 - 370.
Publicado
16/10/2006
Como Citar
SILVA, Carla; ARAÚJO, João; MOREIRA, Ana; CASTRO, Jaelson; TEDESCO, Patrícia; ALENCAR, Fernanda; RAMOS, Ricardo.
Modeling Multi-Agent Systems using UML. In: SIMPÓSIO BRASILEIRO DE ENGENHARIA DE SOFTWARE (SBES), 20. , 2006, Florianópolis.
Anais [...].
Porto Alegre: Sociedade Brasileira de Computação,
2006
.
p. 81-96.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5753/sbes.2006.21206.
