Fastest Route and Charging Optimization of an Electric Vehicle With Battery's Life Consideration

The tremendous development in battery technology has made the use of electric vehicles (EVs) a reality and the growing usage of autonomous electric vehicles (AEVs) over the past couple of years has posed many serious challenges. To date, much IoT research exists on EV transportation systems in general, particularly in the routing, energy, and grid system balance. In this context, throughout this paper, we revisit the task of finding the fastest path for AEVs. In contrast to the state-of-the-art, we explore the capabilities of minimizing the traveling time and maximizing the battery life for the effective utilization of electric vehicles. We first model the problem mathematically to obtain optimal solutions for small instances, and then owing to the complexity of the optimization model, we propose several heuristic algorithms to solve the problem on large instances. Our analysis and evaluations, which are based on small and large networks of nodes, demonstrate the effectiveness of our proposed approaches and which one is superior in practice. We believe that this study provides a very strong step towards finding the optimal usage of AEVs in terms of time and battery life alike.