skip to main content
10.1145/3583780.3615212acmconferencesArticle/Chapter ViewAbstractPublication PagescikmConference Proceedingsconference-collections
short-paper

DAE: Distribution-Aware Embedding for Numerical Features in Click-Through Rate Prediction

Published: 21 October 2023 Publication History

Abstract

Numerical features are an important type of input for CTR prediction models. Recently, several discretization and numerical transformation methods have been proposed to deal with numerical features. However, existing approaches do not fully consider compatibility with different distributions. Here, we propose a novel numerical feature embedding framework, called Distribution-Aware Embedding (DAE), which is applicable to various numerical feature distributions. First, DAE efficiently approximates the cumulative distribution function by estimating the expectation of the order statistics. Then, the distribution information is applied to the embedding layer by nonlinear interpolation. Finally, to capture both local and global information, we aggregate the embeddings at multiple scales to obtain the final representation. Empirical results validate the effectiveness of DAE compared to the baselines, while demonstrating the adaptability to different CTR models and distributions.

References

[1]
Xiao Bai, Reza Abasi, Bora Edizel, and Amin Mantrach. 2019. Position-aware deep character-level CTR prediction for sponsored search. IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, Vol. 33, 4 (2019), 1722--1736.
[2]
Junxuan Chen, Baigui Sun, Hao Li, Hongtao Lu, and Xian-Sheng Hua. 2016. Deep ctr prediction in display advertising. In Proceedings of the 24th ACM international conference on Multimedia. 811--820.
[3]
Heng-Tze Cheng, Levent Koc, Jeremiah Harmsen, Tal Shaked, Tushar Chandra, Hrishi Aradhye, Glen Anderson, Greg Corrado, Wei Chai, Mustafa Ispir, et al. 2016. Wide & deep learning for recommender systems. In Proceedings of the 1st workshop on deep learning for recommender systems. 7--10.
[4]
Paul Covington, Jay Adams, and Emre Sargin. 2016. Deep neural networks for youtube recommendations. In Proceedings of the 10th ACM conference on recommender systems. 191--198.
[5]
Yufei Feng, Fuyu Lv, Weichen Shen, Menghan Wang, Fei Sun, Yu Zhu, and Keping Yang. 2019. Deep session interest network for click-through rate prediction. arXiv preprint arXiv:1905.06482 (2019).
[6]
Daya Guo, Jiangshui Hong, Binli Luo, Qirui Yan, and Zhangming Niu. 2019. Multi-modal representation learning for short video understanding and recommendation. In 2019 IEEE International Conference on Multimedia & Expo Workshops (ICMEW). IEEE, 687--690.
[7]
Huifeng Guo, Bo Chen, Ruiming Tang, Weinan Zhang, Zhenguo Li, and Xiuqiang He. 2021a. An embedding learning framework for numerical features in ctr prediction. In Proceedings of the 27th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining. 2910--2918.
[8]
Huifeng Guo, Ruiming Tang, Yunming Ye, Zhenguo Li, and Xiuqiang He. 2017. DeepFM: a factorization-machine based neural network for CTR prediction. arXiv preprint arXiv:1703.04247 (2017).
[9]
Mingming Guo, Nian Yan, Xiquan Cui, Simon Hughes, and Khalifeh Al Jadda. 2021b. Online Product Feature Recommendations with Interpretable Machine Learning. arXiv preprint arXiv:2105.00867 (2021).
[10]
Tongwen Huang, Zhiqi Zhang, and Junlin Zhang. 2019. FiBiNET: combining feature importance and bilinear feature interaction for click-through rate prediction. In Proceedings of the 13th ACM Conference on Recommender Systems. 169--177.
[11]
Guolin Ke, Zhenhui Xu, Jia Zhang, Jiang Bian, and Tie-Yan Liu. 2019. DeepGBM: A deep learning framework distilled by GBDT for online prediction tasks. In Proceedings of the 25th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining. 384--394.
[12]
Sang Gyu Kwak and Jong Hae Kim. 2017. Central limit theorem: the cornerstone of modern statistics. Korean journal of anesthesiology, Vol. 70, 2 (2017), 144--156.
[13]
Zekun Li, Zeyu Cui, Shu Wu, Xiaoyu Zhang, and Liang Wang. 2019. Fi-gnn: Modeling feature interactions via graph neural networks for ctr prediction. In Proceedings of the 28th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. 539--548.
[14]
Jianxun Lian, Xiaohuan Zhou, Fuzheng Zhang, Zhongxia Chen, Xing Xie, and Guangzhong Sun. 2018. xdeepfm: Combining explicit and implicit feature interactions for recommender systems. In Proceedings of the 24th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining. 1754--1763.
[15]
Maxim Naumov, Dheevatsa Mudigere, Hao-Jun Michael Shi, Jianyu Huang, Narayanan Sundaraman, Jongsoo Park, Xiaodong Wang, Udit Gupta, Carole-Jean Wu, Alisson G Azzolini, et al. 2019. Deep learning recommendation model for personalization and recommendation systems. arXiv preprint arXiv:1906.00091 (2019).
[16]
Yanru Qu, Bohui Fang, Weinan Zhang, Ruiming Tang, Minzhe Niu, Huifeng Guo, Yong Yu, and Xiuqiang He. 2018. Product-based neural networks for user response prediction over multi-field categorical data. ACM Transactions on Information Systems (TOIS), Vol. 37, 1 (2018), 1--35.
[17]
Qijie Shen, Wanjie Tao, Jing Zhang, Hong Wen, Zulong Chen, and Quan Lu. 2021. SAR-Net: A Scenario-Aware Ranking Network for Personalized Fair Recommendation in Hundreds of Travel Scenarios. In Proceedings of the 30th ACM International Conference on Information & Knowledge Management. 4094--4103.
[18]
Weiping Song, Chence Shi, Zhiping Xiao, Zhijian Duan, Yewen Xu, Ming Zhang, and Jian Tang. 2019. Autoint: Automatic feature interaction learning via self-attentive neural networks. In Proceedings of the 28th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. 1161--1170.
[19]
Qianqian Wang, Fang'ai Liu, Shuning Xing, and Xiaohui Zhao. 2018. A new approach for advertising CTR prediction based on deep neural network via attention mechanism. Computational and mathematical methods in medicine, Vol. 2018 (2018).
[20]
Ruoxi Wang, Bin Fu, Gang Fu, and Mingliang Wang. 2017. Deep & cross network for ad click predictions. In Proceedings of the ADKDD'17. 1--7.
[21]
Ling Yan, Wu-Jun Li, Gui-Rong Xue, and Dingyi Han. 2014. Coupled group lasso for web-scale ctr prediction in display advertising. In International Conference on Machine Learning. PMLR, 802--810.
[22]
Xiao Yang, Tao Deng, Weihan Tan, Xutian Tao, Junwei Zhang, Shouke Qin, and Zongyao Ding. 2019. Learning compositional, visual and relational representations for CTR prediction in sponsored search. In Proceedings of the 28th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management. 2851--2859.
[23]
Guorui Zhou, Na Mou, Ying Fan, Qi Pi, Weijie Bian, Chang Zhou, Xiaoqiang Zhu, and Kun Gai. 2019. Deep interest evolution network for click-through rate prediction. In Proceedings of the AAAI conference on artificial intelligence, Vol. 33. 5941--5948.
[24]
Guorui Zhou, Xiaoqiang Zhu, Chenru Song, Ying Fan, Han Zhu, Xiao Ma, Yanghui Yan, Junqi Jin, Han Li, and Kun Gai. 2018. Deep interest network for click-through rate prediction. In Proceedings of the 24th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining. 1059--1068.

Index Terms

  1. DAE: Distribution-Aware Embedding for Numerical Features in Click-Through Rate Prediction

    Recommendations

    Comments

    Information & Contributors

    Information

    Published In

    cover image ACM Conferences
    CIKM '23: Proceedings of the 32nd ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management
    October 2023
    5508 pages
    ISBN:9798400701245
    DOI:10.1145/3583780
    Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than the author(s) must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected].

    Sponsors

    Publisher

    Association for Computing Machinery

    New York, NY, United States

    Publication History

    Published: 21 October 2023

    Permissions

    Request permissions for this article.

    Check for updates

    Author Tags

    1. ctr prediction
    2. distribution-aware embedding
    3. numerical features

    Qualifiers

    • Short-paper

    Conference

    CIKM '23
    Sponsor:

    Acceptance Rates

    Overall Acceptance Rate 1,861 of 8,427 submissions, 22%

    Upcoming Conference

    CIKM '25

    Contributors

    Other Metrics

    Bibliometrics & Citations

    Bibliometrics

    Article Metrics

    • 0
      Total Citations
    • 119
      Total Downloads
    • Downloads (Last 12 months)61
    • Downloads (Last 6 weeks)3
    Reflects downloads up to 21 Dec 2024

    Other Metrics

    Citations

    View Options

    Login options

    View options

    PDF

    View or Download as a PDF file.

    PDF

    eReader

    View online with eReader.

    eReader

    Media

    Figures

    Other

    Tables

    Share

    Share

    Share this Publication link

    Share on social media