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Password-Stealing without Hacking: Wi-Fi Enabled Practical Keystroke Eavesdropping

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Jun LuoAuthors Info & Claims

CCS '23: Proceedings of the 2023 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security

Pages 239 - 252

https://doi.org/10.1145/3576915.3623088

Published: 21 November 2023 Publication History

Abstract

The contact-free sensing nature of Wi-Fi has been leveraged to achieve privacy breaches, yet existing attacks relying on Wi-Fi CSI (channel state information) demand hacking Wi-Fi hardware to obtain desired CSIs. Since such hacking has proven prohibitively hard due to compact hardware, its feasibility in keeping up with fast-developing Wi-Fi technology becomes very questionable. To this end, we propose WiKI-Eve to eavesdrop keystrokes on smartphones without the need for hacking. WiKI-Eve exploits a new feature, BFI (beamforming feedback information), offered by latest Wi-Fi hardware: since BFI is transmitted from a smartphone to an AP in clear-text, it can be overheard (hence eavesdropped) by any other Wi-Fi devices switching to monitor mode. As existing keystroke inference methods offer very limited generalizability, WiKI-Eve further innovates in an adversarial learning scheme to enable its inference generalizable towards unseen scenarios. We implement WiKI-Eve and conduct extensive evaluation on it; the results demonstrate that WiKI-Eve achieves 88.9% inference accuracy for individual keystrokes and up to 65.8% top-10 accuracy for stealing passwords of mobile applications (e.g., WeChat).

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Cited By

Xu ZJin WYao CLiu XMa SLiu YQin ZVakilinia ILiu D(2024)EM-Rhythm: An Authentication Method for Heterogeneous IoT DevicesACM Transactions on Sensor Networks10.1145/370044120:6(1-21)Online publication date: 22-Nov-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3700441
Wang PHu JLiu CLuo JLuo BLiao XXu JKirda ELie D(2024)RefleXnoop: Passwords Snooping on NLoS Laptops Leveraging Screen-Induced Sound ReflectionProceedings of the 2024 on ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security10.1145/3658644.3670341(3361-3375)Online publication date: 2-Dec-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3658644.3670341
Chen SJiang HXiong JJingyang HWang PLiu CXiao ZLi BPapavassiliou SSchmid S(2024)BeamCount: Indoor Crowd Counting Using Wi-Fi Beamforming Feedback InformationProceedings of the Twenty-fifth International Symposium on Theory, Algorithmic Foundations, and Protocol Design for Mobile Networks and Mobile Computing10.1145/3641512.3686361(1-10)Online publication date: 14-Oct-2024
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Index Terms

Password-Stealing without Hacking: Wi-Fi Enabled Practical Keystroke Eavesdropping
1. Computing methodologies
  1. Machine learning
2. Security and privacy
  1. Network security
    1. Mobile and wireless security

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Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

CCS '23: Proceedings of the 2023 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security

November 2023

3722 pages

ISBN:9798400700507

DOI:10.1145/3576915

General Chairs:
Weizhi Meng
Technical University of Denmark
,
Christian D. Jensen
Technical University of Denmark
,
Program Chairs:
Cas Cremers
CISPA Helmholtz Center for Information Security
,
Engin Kirda
Khoury College of Computer Sciences

Copyright © 2023 Owner/Author.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution International 4.0 License.

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SIGSAC: ACM Special Interest Group on Security, Audit, and Control

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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 21 November 2023

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Ministry of Education, Singapore
National Research Foundation, Singapore and Infocomm Media Development Authority under its Future Communications Research & Development Programme

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CCS '23

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SIGSAC

CCS '23: ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security

November 26 - 30, 2023

Copenhagen, Denmark

Acceptance Rates

Overall Acceptance Rate 1,261 of 6,999 submissions, 18%

Upcoming Conference

CCS '25

Sponsor:
sigsac

ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security

October 13 - 17, 2025

Taipei , Taiwan

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Cited By

Xu ZJin WYao CLiu XMa SLiu YQin ZVakilinia ILiu D(2024)EM-Rhythm: An Authentication Method for Heterogeneous IoT DevicesACM Transactions on Sensor Networks10.1145/370044120:6(1-21)Online publication date: 22-Nov-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3700441
Wang PHu JLiu CLuo JLuo BLiao XXu JKirda ELie D(2024)RefleXnoop: Passwords Snooping on NLoS Laptops Leveraging Screen-Induced Sound ReflectionProceedings of the 2024 on ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security10.1145/3658644.3670341(3361-3375)Online publication date: 2-Dec-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3658644.3670341
Chen SJiang HXiong JJingyang HWang PLiu CXiao ZLi BPapavassiliou SSchmid S(2024)BeamCount: Indoor Crowd Counting Using Wi-Fi Beamforming Feedback InformationProceedings of the Twenty-fifth International Symposium on Theory, Algorithmic Foundations, and Protocol Design for Mobile Networks and Mobile Computing10.1145/3641512.3686361(1-10)Online publication date: 14-Oct-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3641512.3686361
Xu MHe YLi XHu JChen ZXiao FLuo JGanesan DLane NShi W(2024)Beamforming made Malicious: Manipulating Wi-Fi Traffic via Beamforming Feedback ForgeryProceedings of the 30th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking10.1145/3636534.3690669(908-922)Online publication date: 4-Dec-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3636534.3690669
Wang HHu JZheng THu JChen ZJiang HZheng YLuo J(2024)MuKI-Fi: Multi-Person Keystroke Inference With BFI-Enabled Wi-Fi SensingIEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing10.1109/TMC.2024.336833923:10(9835-9850)Online publication date: 22-Feb-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/TMC.2024.3368339
Huang JBai JZhang XLiu ZFeng YLiu JSun XDong MLi M(2024)KeystrokeSniffer: An Off-the-Shelf Smartphone Can Eavesdrop on Your Privacy From AnywhereIEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security10.1109/TIFS.2024.342430119(6840-6855)Online publication date: 5-Jul-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/TIFS.2024.3424301
Wang YBai JXiao ZChen ZXiong YJiang HJiao L(2024)AutoSMC: An Automated Machine Learning Framework for Signal Modulation ClassificationIEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security10.1109/TIFS.2024.341424919(6225-6236)Online publication date: 13-Jun-2024
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1109/TIFS.2024.3414249
Luo JCao HJiang HYang YChen Z(2024)MIMOCrypt: Multi-User Privacy-Preserving Wi-Fi Sensing via MIMO Encryption2024 IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy (SP)10.1109/SP54263.2024.00025(2812-2830)Online publication date: 19-May-2024
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Li XHu JLuo J(2024)Efficient Beamforming Feedback Information-Based Wi-Fi Sensing by Feature SelectionIEEE Wireless Communications Letters10.1109/LWC.2024.341038313:9(2347-2351)Online publication date: Oct-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/LWC.2024.3410383
Hu JJiang HChen SZhang QXiao ZLiu DLiu JLi B(2024)WiShield: Privacy Against Wi-Fi Human TrackingIEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications10.1109/JSAC.2024.341459742:10(2970-2984)Online publication date: 14-Jun-2024
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