research-article

Graphics-aware Power Governing for Mobile Devices

Authors:

Seonghoon Park,

Hojung ChaAuthors Info & Claims

MobiSys '19: Proceedings of the 17th Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services

Pages 469 - 481

https://doi.org/10.1145/3307334.3326075

Published: 12 June 2019 Publication History

Abstract

Graphics increasingly play a key role in modern mobile devices. The graphics pipeline requires a close relationship between the CPU and the GPU to ensure energy efficiency and the user's quality of experience (QoE). Our preliminary analysis showed that the current techniques employed to achieve energy efficiency in the Android graphics pipeline are not optimized especially in the frame generation process. In this paper, we aim to improve the energy efficiency of the Android graphics pipeline without degrading the user's QoE. To achieve this goal, we studied the internals of the Android graphics pipeline and observed the energy inefficiency in the existing governing framework of the CPU and GPU. Based on the findings, we propose three techniques for addressing energy inefficiency: (1) aggressively capping the maximum CPU frequency, (2) lowering the CPU frequency by raising the GPU minimum frequency, and (3) allocating the frame rendering-related threads in the energy-efficient CPU cores. These techniques are integrated into a single governing framework, called the GFX Governor, and implemented in the newest Android-based smartphones. Experimental results show that without hampering the user's QoE the average energy consumption of Nexus 6P, Pixel XL, and Pixel 2 XL is reduced at the device level by 24.2%, 18.6%, and 13.7%, respectively, for the 60 chosen applications. We also analyzed the efficacy of the proposed technique in comparison with the state-of-the-art Energy-Aware Scheduling (EAS) implemented in the latest smartphone.

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Cited By

Wu YDu DXu CXia YFu MZang BChen HEeckhout LSmaragdakis GLiang KSampson AKim MRossbach C(2025)D-VSync: Decoupled Rendering and Displaying for Smartphone GraphicsProceedings of the 30th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, Volume 110.1145/3669940.3707235(326-341)Online publication date: 3-Feb-2025
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3669940.3707235
Sang QYan JXie RHu CSuo KCheng D(2024)QoS-Aware Power Management via Scheduling and Governing Co-Optimization on Mobile DevicesIEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing10.1109/TMC.2024.343826723:12(13654-13669)Online publication date: Dec-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/TMC.2024.3438267
Yang YXie CLiu LLeong PSong S(2024)Efficient Radius Search for Adaptive Foveal Sizing Mechanism in Collaborative Foveated Rendering FrameworkIEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing10.1109/TMC.2023.3277577(1-13)Online publication date: 2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/TMC.2023.3277577
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Index Terms

Graphics-aware Power Governing for Mobile Devices
1. Human-centered computing
  1. Ubiquitous and mobile computing
    1. Ubiquitous and mobile devices
      1. Mobile devices
2. Software and its engineering
  1. Software organization and properties
    1. Contextual software domains
      1. Operating systems
        Process management
        Power management

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Published In

cover image ACM Conferences

MobiSys '19: Proceedings of the 17th Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services

June 2019

736 pages

ISBN:9781450366618

DOI:10.1145/3307334

General Chairs:
Junehwa Song
KAIST, South Korea
,
Minkyong Kim
Samsung Electronics
,
Program Chairs:
Nicholas D. Lane
University of Oxford & Samsung AI
,
Rajesh K. Balan
Singapore Management University

Copyright © 2019 ACM.

Permission to make digital or hard copies of all or part of this work for personal or classroom use is granted without fee provided that copies are not made or distributed for profit or commercial advantage and that copies bear this notice and the full citation on the first page. Copyrights for components of this work owned by others than ACM must be honored. Abstracting with credit is permitted. To copy otherwise, or republish, to post on servers or to redistribute to lists, requires prior specific permission and/or a fee. Request permissions from [email protected]

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SIGMOBILE: ACM Special Interest Group on Mobility of Systems, Users, Data and Computing

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SIGOPS: ACM Special Interest Group on Operating Systems

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Association for Computing Machinery

New York, NY, United States

Publication History

Published: 12 June 2019

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Institute for Information & communications Technology Promotion
Ministry of Education, Science and Technology
Ministry of Science and ICT

Conference

MobiSys '19

Sponsor:

SIGMOBILE

MobiSys '19: The 17th Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services

June 17 - 21, 2019

Seoul, Republic of Korea

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Overall Acceptance Rate 274 of 1,679 submissions, 16%

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Cited By

Wu YDu DXu CXia YFu MZang BChen HEeckhout LSmaragdakis GLiang KSampson AKim MRossbach C(2025)D-VSync: Decoupled Rendering and Displaying for Smartphone GraphicsProceedings of the 30th ACM International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, Volume 110.1145/3669940.3707235(326-341)Online publication date: 3-Feb-2025
https://dl.acm.org/doi/10.1145/3669940.3707235
Sang QYan JXie RHu CSuo KCheng D(2024)QoS-Aware Power Management via Scheduling and Governing Co-Optimization on Mobile DevicesIEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing10.1109/TMC.2024.343826723:12(13654-13669)Online publication date: Dec-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/TMC.2024.3438267
Yang YXie CLiu LLeong PSong S(2024)Efficient Radius Search for Adaptive Foveal Sizing Mechanism in Collaborative Foveated Rendering FrameworkIEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing10.1109/TMC.2023.3277577(1-13)Online publication date: 2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/TMC.2023.3277577
Chen QLi C(2024)Argus: Real-Time HQ Video Decoding with CPU Coordinating on Consumer Devices2024 IEEE Real-Time Systems Symposium (RTSS)10.1109/RTSS62706.2024.00014(43-56)Online publication date: 10-Dec-2024
https://doi.org/10.1109/RTSS62706.2024.00014
Zhang JHuang JPeng LLiu XYu JWang W(2024)A Learning-Based and Network-Aware Power Management for Mobile Devices2024 IEEE 48th Annual Computers, Software, and Applications Conference (COMPSAC)10.1109/COMPSAC61105.2024.00123(894-899)Online publication date: 2-Jul-2024
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Chen RWan QZhang XQin XHou YWang DFu XPan MHui PAmiri Sani ANurmi PLiu Y(2023)EEFL: High-Speed Wireless Communications Inspired Energy Efficient Federated Learning over Mobile DevicesProceedings of the 21st Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications and Services10.1145/3581791.3596865(544-556)Online publication date: 18-Jun-2023
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Lin CWang KLi ZPu YCosta XAl Hassanieh HAsadi ACox LPerino DWidmer JGiustiniano D(2023)A Workload-Aware DVFS Robust to Concurrent Tasks for Mobile DevicesProceedings of the 29th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking10.1145/3570361.3592524(1-16)Online publication date: 10-Jul-2023
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Didar NBrocanelli M(2023)eAR: An Edge-Assisted and Energy-Efficient Mobile Augmented Reality FrameworkIEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing10.1109/TMC.2022.314487922:7(3898-3909)Online publication date: 1-Jul-2023
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Shafi OChauhan SAnanthanarayanan GSen R(2022)DynCNN: Application Dynamism and Ambient Temperature Aware Neural Network Scheduler in Edge Devices for Traffic ControlProceedings of the 5th ACM SIGCAS/SIGCHI Conference on Computing and Sustainable Societies10.1145/3530190.3534823(513-528)Online publication date: 29-Jun-2022
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