Cataloging

Internation conference organized by the United Scientific Council for Social Science and Humanities, the Saint Petersburg Institut of History, the German Historical Institute in Moscow, the National Library of Russia and the State Hermitage Museum

Analysis of a random sample of bibliographic records from OCLC WorldCat finds that the great majority of items in WorldCat are held by very few participating library, and that a power law relationship exists between the number of libraries holding an item and the number of items with a given level of shared holdings.  The findings provide a context for interpreting holding levels in WorldCat with regard to the proportion of widely shared items and the characteristics of items at various ranges of holdings.  Used with other quantitative and evaluative measures, these findings will assist librarians in assessing their collections.

Presentation for the Area Studies Webinar Series, 03 May 2016, outlining the initiative within the Committee on Institutional Cooperation (CIC) to pilot shared cataloging across CIC institutions, and the development of the partnership that resulted.

Cíntia de Azevedo Lourenço graduated in librarianship (1991) and also earned a masters degree (1998) in librarianship at Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas, Brazil, PUC, and a doctoral degree (2005) in information science, at Federal University of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, UFMG. She is a graduate professor in the Information Science School of Federal University of Minas Gerais State , Belo Horizonte , Brazil. Her current research interests include document description, documents representation , cataloging, metadata and FRBR. She is a member of a institutional research group on these themes. Her curriculum vitae can be found at http://buscatextual.cnpq.br/buscatextual/visualizacv. jsp?id=K4773000E8. Lídia Alvarenga graduated in librarianship (1968) at Federal University of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, UFMG, earned a masters degree (1984) in information science at Communication Faculty, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, UFRJ, and a doctoral degree (1996) in education, at Education School, UFMG. She is a graduate and undergraduate professor in the Information Science School of Federal University of Minas Gerais State, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Her current research interests include knowledge organization, document representation and description, and bibliometric studies. She is a member of a institutional research group on these themes. Her curriculum vitae can be found at http:// lattes.cnpq.br/9205421345814071. de Azevedo Lourenço, Cíntia, and Alvarenga, Lídia. Metadata Standard of Theses and Dissertations according to the Entity-Relationship Model. Knowledge Organization, 36(1), 30-45. 17 references. ABSTRACT: With the automation of information systems and with the advent of digital libraries, norms, standards and techniques of library studies have been widely discussed, analyzed, reevaluated and reorganized. In this article the results of doctoral research, in which the Brazilian Metadata Standard for Theses and Dissertations (MTD-BR) was analyzed, is presented. This standard has been utilized in the digital Library of Theses and Dissertations Project, of the Instituto Brasileiro de Infor-mação em Ciência e Tecnologia, IBICT (Brazilian Institute for Scientific and Technological Information), with the methodology of data modeling, according to the Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records (FRBR), which is based on the Entity-Relationship Model. It was concluded that new studies should be carried out applying this methodology to other metadata standards, even if they are analyzed with other data modeling tools, such as the object-oriented model, and considering its relationship with the guidelines, principles and instruments of library studies.

Cossham, A. (2013).
Introduction. The IFLA functional requirements for bibliographic records model has had a major impact on cataloguing principles and practices over the past fifteen years. This paper evaluates the model in the light of changes in the wider information environment (especially to information resources and retrieval) and in information seeking behaviour online, rather than in terms of library catalogues per se.
Approach. Using a critical analytic approach, it reviews a range of literature across library and information science, and analyses the implications of the changing information environment and information behaviour on usefulness of the model.
Conclusion. The paper argues that although the functional requirements for bibliographic records model may be useful in terms of thinking about the bibliographic universe as constituted when the model was first developed, there have been major changes in the form, format, nature, publishing, and relationships of information resources, along with significant developments in users’ information seeking behaviour, understanding and expectations. The model may no longer be sufficient as a theoretical and conceptual basis for cataloguing rules and hence for library catalogues, nor for understanding the bibliographic universe.

Session on linked data and OpenRefine in "Stay Savvy with Scholarly Communication Brown Bag Lunch" at the University of Central Florida Libraries. It covers the following topics: Why does linked data matter? How can libraries and librarians embrace linked data? Linked Data in the Library and the Web (Cases, Standards and Vocabularies); Linked Data Design Principles, Building Blocks & Creation; Current Digital Repositories and Linked Data; Data Editing Tool: OpenRefine (Features, Examples); Possible Ways to Get Involved.

This short article introduces current developments in Augmented Reality (AR) use within libraries to Library Cataloguers. It provides an overview of AR and reviews some of its recent applications within libraries before making suggestions how cataloguers and the metadata they create is a crucial component in the advancement of the AR Library concept.

This session discusses Equity, Diversity and Inclusion (EDI) in the library context. EDI are fundamental values of the library profession and community. The session addresses EDI cases and resources covering various library activities, including library retention, strategies and statements, access services, collection development and metadata creation. It especially focuses on metadata and resource description, as well as introduces the Inclusive Metadata & Conscious Editing Resources List of the Sunshine State Digital Network (SSDN). The purpose is to generate more awareness, interest, and discussion in the library, and create a more inclusive and diversified environment for the library and its served students, faculty members and community at large. It is part of the Stay Savvy with Scholarly Communication Summer Professional Development Series at the University of Central Florida Libraries.

Tem como tema central a política de catalogação e sua relação com a Declaração de Princípios Internacionais de Catalogação (ICP), aprovada em 2016, que atualizou e ampliou a Declaração de Paris, uma vez que a ICP possui em seu escopo servir de orientação para as decisões dos catalogadores, e, em especial, seus princípios gerais regem a tomada de decisão e as políticas sobre acesso e intercâmbio de dados. A pesquisa é de caráter exploratório e descritivo, pois busca uma maior familiaridade com o problema com vistas a torná-lo mais explícito e propõe descrever as características de políticas e manuais de catalogação. Sua abordagem é qualitativa. Objetiva analisar a ICP, compreendendo sua concepção e de que maneira seus princípios gerais podem nortear a elaboração de políticas e manuais de catalogação. Tem por objetivos específicos: a) contextualizar a elaboração dos Princípios Internacionais de Catalogação; b) apresentar a teoria e os conceitos que embasam os princípios gerais da ICP; d) elencar e comparar políticas e manuais de catalogação vigentes; e, e) propor guias para a elaboração de políticas e manuais de catalogação para bibliotecas. Além da pesquisa bibliográfica para compor o referencial teórico, os procedimentos técnicos aplicados são: pesquisa bibliográfica em fontes selecionadas aplicando estratégia de busca específica, e pesquisa documental em documentos originalmente publicados pela IFLA relacionados à(s) ICP(s) (1961, 2009 e 2016) para estabelecer uma trajetória sobre sua elaboração; pesquisa bibliográfica em fontes selecionadas aplicando estratégia de busca específica, identificando nos textos selecionados conceitos relacionados aos princípios gerais da ICP. Uma pesquisa documental nos sites dos sistemas/rede de bibliotecas das Universidades também foi realizada para identificar documentos normativos adotados em bibliotecas. Por considerar que as Universidades Públicas brasileiras são os locais de maior avanço científico, optou-se pelo recorte dos sistemas e redes de bibliotecas de universidades brasileiras melhores avaliadas de acordo com o Índice Geral de Cursos Avaliados da Instituição (IGC) aplicado pelo Instituto Nacional de Estudos e Pesquisas Educacionais Anísio Teixeira, referente ao ano de 2017, assim foram selecionadas 14 Universidades. Em relação às políticas e manuais publicizados, apenas 3 Sistemas de Bibliotecas das 14 Universidades investigadas possuíam políticas ou manuais de catalogação disponíveis em seus sites. E, apesar de todos eles abarcarem implicitamente a maioria dos princípios gerais da ICP, nenhum deles citou a Declaração ou explicitamente algum de seus princípios gerais. A pesquisa bibliográfica possibilitou o aprofundamento dos princípios gerais da ICP, apresentando conceitos e sua base teórica, e a pesquisa documental que analisou os documentos normativos de bibliotecas permitiu identificar elementos comuns e necessários nas políticas e manuais de catalogação. Sendo assim, se propõe como produtos dois guias: um para a elaboração de políticas e outro para manuais de catalogação para bibliotecas com base no referencial teórico e nos resultados da pesquisa. Conclui-se que para a construção de políticas e manuais de catalogação com base na ICP é imprescindível conhecer o documento e os conceitos e princípios nos quais ele está ancorado, de forma a elaborar instrumentos normativos locais que atendam o que a ICP recomenda.

Have you wondered why the records in your catalog look a little different? Why are there extra fields in the MARC record? This presentation is intended for librarians and library staff who would like to better understand the changes they are seeing in their OPACs due to Resource Description and Access (RDA), the new standard for descriptive cataloging. Content covers a brief history of RDA, touches on the impact RDA has for the library user, and provides hints to identify RDA-compliant records in library catalogs.

ENLACE para su descarga en pdf: https://sede.educacion.gob.es/publiventa/descarga.action?f_codigo_agc=13594C_19
RESUMEN: Esta obra pertenece a la serie de Diccionarios Domus, programa de publicaciones del Ministerio de Cultura sobre terminología propia del Patrimonio Cultural; en este caso, el fin principal de este Diccionario es ofrecer un vocabulario básico de términos específicos para su uso en la descripción de objetos numismáticos y facilitar la catalogación homogénea de este tipo de bienes culturales. La selección de términos ha procurado incluir los objetos y denominaciones de valor más habituales en las colecciones de museos e instituciones españolas, dando un mayor peso a la producción hispánica, desde la Antigüedad hasta hoy. La obra incluye un Tesauro de términos numismáticos, un capítulo sobre las normas elementales y los datos imprescindibles a la hora de catalogar y describir objetos numismáticos y algunas fichas catalográficas, a modo de ejemplos, así como una bibliografía básica y un corpus de ilustraciones.
ABSTRACT: This work belongs to the Domus Dictionaries series, a program of publications of the Ministry of Culture on terminology of the Cultural Heritage; in this case, the main purpose of this Dictionary is to offer a basic vocabulary of specific terms for use in the description of numismatic objects and to facilitate the homogeneous cataloging of this type of cultural property. The selection of terms has sought to include the most common objects and denominations of value in the collections of Spanish museums and institutions, giving greater weight to Hispanic production, from Antiquity to today. The work includes a Thesaurus of numismatic terms, a chapter on elementary norms and the essential data when cataloging and describing numismatic objects and some cataloging examples, as well as a basic bibliography and a corpus of illustrations.

This article aims to explain the capabilities and benefits AustLit portals that have implemented FRBR (Functional Requirements Bibliographic Records), FRBR is one of basic concepts in the RDA (Resource Description and Access). AustLit developed to allow the scholars especially in Literature at Australia to be able to generate, store, reuse, and present research results Australian literary heritage than as a reference to the process of learning and teaching. AustLit portal is enable people to share bibliographies heterogeneous sources and regardless of their location, media type, or metadata format. In addition, the scope and structure of the knowledge inherent in the existing format would greatly facilitate further discovery activities, share, reuse and extension of a work. Dynamic mapping mechanism has been developed AustLit possible alternative view multiple digital objects to be customized and provided with various facilities.

This BIBLIOGRAPHY was first published on 31 December 1993, and updated in 2009 (ref. Singh, Rana P.B. 2009. This is the latest version (updated 15 June 2017), which consists of  1545 [63,640 words] entries, classified into 16 thematic groups: A. Books, mostly in English, with select annotation: 359, B. Research Papers & Essays (mostly English): 650, C (i). Persian Works, Translated: 4, C (ii). Urdu Sources: 4, D. The Sanskrit sources on Kashi/ Varanasi (selected): 59, E.  Books/ articles in Hindi: 101, F.  Marathi Sources: 2, G. Bengali Sources: 3, H. Published Reports/ Government Documents: 27, I.  Electronic Publications: 22, J. Film (English): 11, K. Japanese Sources (in Japanese): 13, L. Unpublished Dissertations, selected: 115, M. Unpublished Reports: 10, N. Govt. Publications, Census, etc. : 11, O. Unpublished Reports (Varanasi: Inscribing Heritage Zones for WHL UNESCO): 03, P. Unpublished (Undergraduate) Fieldwork Projects, The University of Wisconsin Program: College Year in India: 152. ## This is prepared & fully protected under copyright © by Rana P. B. Singh and Pravin S. Rana; to be used strictly and only by having written permission from the authors/compilers.

40 anni, 360 fra cataloghi e varie pubblicazioni. Ecco il nostro Catalogus. Redatto tra febbraio e novembre sotto il segno del confinamento, è un omaggio a tutti coloro che hanno fatto parte di questa storia, amici e no. 29 esemplari recano un originale multiplo di Gianni Emilio Simonetti ispirato al «Dictionnaire des idées reçues» di Gustave Flaubert. Nel Natale di prigionia cerchiamo rifugio nella memoria, naufraghi dell'analogico sabotiamo gli algoritmi con l'amicizia e i ricordi. Non per salvare l'analogico ma per poter continuare a vivere.
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40 years, 360 catalogs and various publications. Here find our Catalogus. Drawn up between February and November during the confinement, it is a tribute to all tthe people who have been part of this history, friends and otherwise. Inside 29 copies there is a multiple original by Gianni Emilio Simonetti inspired by Gustave Flaubert's «Dictionnaire des idées reçues». In the Christmas of imprisonment we seek a refuge in the memory, castaways of the analogical era we sabotage the algorithms with friendship and memories. Not to save the analogical era but to keep on living.

The book does an analysis of bibliographic models from Panizzi to FRBR. It looks at the origins of FRBR within IFLA, its goals, and its outcomes, to conclude that the model is unfortunately hampered by a too narrow interpretation of the entity-relation methodology. It also favors that technology over the stated goals of serving users and providing a new bibliographic record for international sharing. The book argues that the value in future models will be flexibility and growth, not the rigidity that FRBR has come to represent.

[ESPAÑOL] Luis Emilio Recabarren es una figura fundamental en la historia política nacional, llegando a ser denominado “padre del movimiento obrero chileno”. Tipógrafo y periodista autodidacta, es una pieza clave para conocer la prensa obrera y su cultura, desarrollada a principios del siglo XX en Chile. Impulsó la “propaganda obrera”, es decir, difundir las herramientas para la emancipación de los trabajadores a través de todos los medios posibles: periódicos, libros, poesía, conferencias, cooperativas, obras teatrales, música, recreación, asambleas, mítines. A través de estas instancias de propaganda, trabajadoras y trabajadores iban a ser “civilizados”, o sea, “ilustrados”. Todo este proceso de transformación generó lo que ha sido denominado la “cultura obrera ilustrada”. El diseño tiene una estrecha relación con la cultura, en el terreno de la comunicación visual. No obstante, la visualidad de esta cultura de trabajadores y sus características no ha sido estudiada desde el diseño. Esta investigación propone examinar los elementos visuales de la cultura obrera ilustrada a través de un catálogo razonado, cuya muestra representativa recoge material de propaganda de Recabarren encontrado en cuatro archivos y bibliotecas públicas: hojas volantes, folletos, libros y periódicos. Se busca aportar una dimensión histórica más amplia sobre el diseño y la comunicación visual en Chile.

PALABRAS CLAVE: cultura obrera ilustrada, propaganda, diseño.

[ENGLISH] Luis Emilio Recabarren is a fundamental figure in the history of national politics, managing to be named as "father of the Chilean labor movement". Self-taught typographer and journalist, is a key piece towards know the working class press and its culture, developed at the beginning of the 20th century in Chile. He stimulated the "working class propaganda", that is, to spread the tools for the worker’s emancipation through all possible means: newspapers, books, poetry, conferences, cooperatives, theatre, music, recreation, assemblies, political meetings. Across these instances of propaganda, workers were going to be "civilized", or, "illustrated". All this process of transformation generated what has been named the "illustrated working class culture". Design has a narrow relation with culture, in the area of the visual communication. Nevertheless, the visual of this worker’s culture and its characteristics has not been studied from design. This investigation proposes to examine the visual elements of the illustrated working class culture across a reasoned catalogue, which representative sample gathers Recabarren's propaganda material found in four public libraries and files: handbills, pamphlets, books and newspapers. We seek to contribute a wider historical dimension on design and visual communication in Chile.

KEY WORDS: illustrated working class culture, propaganda, design.

A cura di Elisabetta Caldelli e Raffaella Crociani. Con la collaborazione di Annalisa Anastasio, Marco Guardo e Valentina Sagaria Rossi
🔗https://bit.ly/3xXlPYy
Il volume contiene la descrizione di 95 manoscritti datati conservati nella Biblioteca dell’Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei e Corsiniana. Il catalogo è introdotto dalla storia delle biblioteche e dei fondi ed è corredato dagli indici, dalla bibliografia e da 99 tavole in bianco e nero.

This paper critically analyzes and ties together contemporary perspectives in information studies,
science and technology studies, knowledge organization and indigenous postcolonial theory (particularly concerning ontologies and knowledge organization) and defines the development of a field of thought for museum knowledge organization. It also proposes a selection of terms or ideas for the field of knowledge organization in museums and begins to historicize the development
of the field. This paper calls attention to the practical and intellectual issues raised when other knowledges “meet” museums systemsas well. The history of the study of museums within Foucauldian thought, the origins of contemporary ideas of the socio-technical, the utility of the metaphor of infrastructure, and the notion of technological affordance are all ideas that have been useful in understanding standardized systems in large institutional repositories, especially as museum collections continue to be digitized and circulated widely
by communities. This paper plots the issues we as scholars and professionals should be attentive to when studying the organization of knowledge in museums by developing a theoretical standpoint that engages seriously with the ethics and politics of knowledge.

En este proyecto se propone la capacitación de personal de bibliotecas escolares y populares en una aplicación de catalogación social, como así también en indización, clasificación y en el desarrollo de un catálogo en línea para las instituciones que lo deseen implementar. Análogamente se puede hacer en otras entidades de bien público.

“Walt Whitman’s and Nima Yushij’s Literary Innovations: A Study in Comparative Poetics” is an attempt to investigate the sociopolitical and literary contexts of the nineteenth-century America and that of the constitutional Iran. The purpose of this study is to unravel the relation between sociopolitical situations of the two societies and the literary changes those situations brought about in each society. To be more precise, this study aims to investigate how Whitman and Nima translated the discourses of their societies to a literary discourse and developed free verse and New Poetry.

والت ویتمن به عنوان پدر شعر آزاد آمریکا و نیما یوشیج به عنوان پدر شعر نوی فارسی هر یک در سنّت ادبی
مربوط به خود نقشی اساسی بر عهده داشته¬اند. این دو شاعر در برهه¬ای حساس از تاریخ ملت خود زندگی کردند و نوآوری¬های ادبی¬شان جهت شعر ملت¬شان را تغییر داد. علاوه بر نوآوری¬های شاعرانه، شرایط تاریخیِ دو شاعر نیز وجوه مشابهی دارد. در واقع، هر دو ملت در مسیر حرکت به سوی دمکراسی قرار گرفته بودند. شعر آزاد ویتمن و شعر نوی نیما حاصل تبدیل گفتمان دمکراسی به نظریۀ ادبی است. چنین شباهت¬هایی در شعر، نظریۀ ادبی و شرایط تاریخیِ دو شاعر آن دو را گزینه¬های قابل تأملی برای مقایسه می-سازد.
هرچند پژوهش¬های متعددی در زمینۀ شباهت¬های اندیشۀ عارفانۀ ویتمن و عرفان فارسی انجام شده، امّا هیچ یک از آن پژوهش¬ها به بافت سیاسی-اجتماعی جامعۀ آمریکای قرن نوزدهم و قیاس آن با ایران عصر مشروطه عنایتی نداشته¬است. علاوه براین، نوآوری¬های ویتمن در شعر –که در شعر آزاد آمریکا متبلور شده¬است- با نوآوری¬های شاعرانۀ نیما –که در شعر نوی فارسی متبلور شده¬است- نیز مقایسه نشده¬است. نکتۀ حائز اهمیت این که تأثیر و تأثّری چندانی نیز بین دو شاعر وجود ندارد و همین امر پژوهش تطبیقی آن دو شاعر را جالب¬تر می¬سازد.
این پژوهش بر آن است تا ارتباط میان شرایط سیاسی-اجتماعی و همچنین تحولات ادبی دو جامعه -که در نتیجۀ شرایط تاریخی مذکور در آن دو جامعه بوجود آمده¬است- را آشکارسازد. تجزیه و تحلیل نقاط اشتراک و افتراق بافت سیاسی-اجتماعی و تحول ادبیِ دو ملت به درک عمیق¬تری از قواعد کلی حاکم بر تحول ادبی خواهد انجامید. علاوه بر این، چنین تجزیه و تحلیلی پژوهشگر را به شناخت بهتری از ویژگی¬های تاریخی هر یک از دو ادبیات، یکتایی بافت سیاسی-اجتماعی هر کشور و همچنین فردیت هر شاعر رهنمون خواهد شد. پژوهش پیش¬رو به اثبات این مدعا می¬پردازد که به طور کلی مشترکات موجود در بافت سیاسی-اجتماعی جوامع گوناگون به آفرینش ادبیات و نظریۀ ادبی مشابه –و نه لزوماً یکسان- می¬انجامد. به طور ویژه در این پژوهش ثابت می¬شود که گفتمان دمکراسی موجود در آمریکای قرن نوزدهم و ایران عصر مشروطه به شکل¬گیری شکل¬های آزادتری از شعر –شعر آزاد در آمریکا و شعر نو در ایران- کمک شایانی کرد.

چکیده
هدف: هدف این پژوهش تحلیل انواع فهرست¬های اسناد در دوره صفوی و قاجار و شناسایی عناصر توصیفی آن¬ها است.
روش/ رویکرد پژوهش: پژوهش حاضر به روش توصیفی- تحلیلی بر پایهً منابع کتابخانه¬ای و اسناد و نسخه¬های خطی به طبقه¬بندی و استنتاج از یافته¬ها می¬پردازد.
یافته¬ها و نتایج: می¬توان در مجموع، مهم¬ترین عوامل مورد توجه فهرست¬های اسناد در ایران دوره صفوی و قاجار را این گونه برشمرد: تاریخ سند، نوع سند، ارکان(/محتوای) سند، وابستگی مکانی، سجلات، مهرها و حواشی سند. همچنین اسناد در این فهرست¬ها یا به ترتیب تاریخ توصیف شده¬اند و یا بر اساس وابستگی مکانی سند

The PhD thesis (Cultural studies) was defended March 26, 2018.
Д.Д. Новгородова. Каталоги Минерального кабинета Кунсткамеры XVIII в.: культурная история коллекции. Диссертация на соискание ученой степени кандидата культурологии. М.: Российский государственный гуманитарный университет, 2017. 352 с.
http://www2.rsuh.ru/binary/object_19.1514194128.96851.pdf

Modern Chinese library cataloging practices were developed from Western practices and rules of library cataloging. In a long period of time, various major libraries had their own
cataloging rules and no unified national rules existed.
During June 1994-October 1995, the National Technical Committee for Information and Documentation Standardization and the Library Society of China jointly sponsored and pushed to organize an editorial board of Chinese Cataloging Rules, which was published in 1996, just before the 62nd IFLA General Conference in Beijing. Chinese Cataloging Rules was based mainly on ISBDs and AACR2, with the consideration of Chinese characteristics and without the consideration of the concept of main entry.
The second edition of Chinese Cataloging Rules was published in 2005. The National Library of China organized the revision work, and experts from major libraries and academic institutions participated in the work. Since then, there have been quite a lot of controversies over the use of the rules, which are focused on the internationalization and national characteristics. All people talked about internationalization and ISBD. But they have different points of view about the Chinese characteristics and different ways of understanding about the articles in ISBD.
This paper is to compare International Cataloguing Principles and Chinese Cataloging Rules, and analyze their differences. It is jointly written by Prof. Songlin Wang (uniform titles and GMD), Ms. Qinfang Xie (personal names and serials), Mr. Shaoping Wang (corporate bodies and multi-part structures) and Dr. Ben Gu (descriptive cataloging and personal names). Through such cooperation, we are trying to reflect the actual situation in China and considering a national coordination in the near future.

Syllabus and schedule of readings for LIS589, Music Librarianship II, from Fall 2013. The course was a 3-credit graduate course in the Department of Library and Information Studies at the University at Buffalo in music cataloging and description. Specific course assignments may be available on request.

This paper presents an overview of cataloguing and classification process for libraries and analyzes it from the point of view of digital libraries. A case study of Australian Islamic Library's cataloguing process is presented in line with discussions from literature review and key challenges faced by library's patrons. Library's cataloguing method provides ease, flexibility and productivity in assisting users easily find required resources while not becoming a burdon on library staff in terms of its establishment and maintenance. It also addresses most of the improvement opportunities identified by library staff and users.

The paper aims to discuss cataloguing workflow as a part of catalogue improvement.
As a librarian involved in day-by-day cataloguing, every research on a library catalogue is an occasion to discover, in bibliographic and in authority entries, a huge amount of mistakes, especially in printed book and film description, and it is far from rare to have the doubt if the record I am looking has been created for the same edition of my copy-in-hand, or for a different one.
Referring to the Italian (i.e. REICAT) situation but trying to having a look on the international (i.e. RDA) one, there will be discussed some practical examples of book and film cataloguing, on the assumption that examples are both important to build good cataloguing rules and to apply them.
Particular attention will be paid to record duplication and
inaccuracies, trying to understand how to avoid them improving
collaboration between cataloguers.

Science museums have embraced the technology of the web to present their resources online. The nature of the technology naturally fits with the ethos of science. This chapter surveys the history, development and features of a number of contrasting
pioneering museum websites in the field of science that have been early adopters of the technology. This includes case studies of websites associated with the Natural History Museum of Los Angeles, the Museum of the History of Science in Oxford, the Science Museum in London and the completely virtual Alan Turing Home Page. The purpose is to demonstrate a diverse set of successful scientifically oriented websites related to science museums and the history of science, giving an insight into
web developments in this area over the past decade.

Keywords: Accessibility; Database Searching; Digital Collections; E-Learning; Electronic Database; Electronic Resources; Information Access; Internet Access; Internet-Based Technologies; Learning Resources; Metadata Creation; Online
Database; Online Public Access Catalog; Online Resources; Online Community; Search Engines; Virtual Community Building; Virtual Library; Virtual Organization; Web Resources; Web Surfing; Web-Based Learning; Web-Based Services