After Salisbury Nerve Agents Revisited

This study investigates the impact of tribalism, ethnicity, nepotism, and favoritism on the sustainable performance of public universities in Kenya. Employing a mixed-methods approach, the research combines quantitative surveys and qualitative interviews, focus groups, and document analysis to provide a comprehensive understanding of how these social issues affect various aspects of university operations. Quantitative data, analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics, reveal that tribalism, ethnicity, nepotism, and favoritism are prevalent in Kenyan public universities and significantly negatively impact institutional performance. Regression analysis confirms these factors as significant predictors of performance, with higher levels correlating with lower institutional effectiveness. Qualitative findings highlight the pervasive nature of these issues in governance, academic standards, staff morale, and student experience, with key themes underscoring the gap between policy and practice. The study's results align with existing literature, emphasizing the detrimental effects of these social issues on higher education. Recommendations include strengthening policy enforcement, implementing training programs, establishing independent oversight bodies, promoting merit-based practices, encouraging inclusive leadership, and developing support systems for marginalized groups. Future research should consider longitudinal and comparative studies, evaluate specific interventions, explore the role of external stakeholders, and examine the intersectionality of social issues. The findings underscore the need for systemic changes to promote fairness, meritocracy, and inclusivity in university governance and operations, ultimately enhancing the sustainable performance of public universities in Kenya. BACKGROUND TO THE STUDY Definition of Terms Tribalism: Tribalism refers to a social system in which individuals are divided into small, distinct, and often conflicting groups based on shared customs, language, or lineage (Hames, 2019). It often results in strong in-group loyalty and out-group hostility. Ethnicity: Ethnicity is the state of belonging to a social group that has a common national or cultural tradition. It encompasses shared cultural practices, perspectives, and distinctions that set apart one group of people from another (Smith, 2020).

IJRAME PUBLICATIONS, 2024

Improvement in wear resistance and hardness of cutting tool material is one of the most important challenges in machining operation. This issue can be overcome by improving the wear resistance and hardness by cryogenic treatment of tungsten carbide. In this work it is tried to study the effect of different soaking periods in cryogenic treatment of tungsten carbide. The experiments were conducted at temperature of 88K at different soaking periods of 8hrs, 20hrs, 24hrs and 30hrs, on commercially used tungsten carbide. Further efforts were made to quantify and confirm the effect of different soaking period along with the mechanism responsible for change in the hardness and wear resistance by measuring Rockwell hardness and weight loss during wear test. The obtained result shows that there is a significant decrease in weight loss of 8hr soaked sample out of different soaking periods but, there was no change in bulk hardness. The weight loss during sliding wear test indicates the cryogenically treated tungsten carbide is more wear resistance due to increase in population density of carbides. Microstructure analysis of worn surface reflects the mechanism behind the improvement of mechanical properties.

It is seen that two sides of the tablet use two distinct moulds to create the raised script (bas-relief) Segment A, side H-1912A signifies smithy-forge furnace Segment B, side H-1912B signifies alloymetal mint implements This explains why the the two distinct segments convey two distinct categories of the cargo manifest: Sement A shows the source of the cargo; Segment B shows the nature of the cargo– in this case, implements. Pair of signs which occurs on H-1912B Pair of signs which occur on H-1912A as a segment is repeated on 100 inscriptions of Mahadevan (1977) concordance.

Both in Indian and in Western astrology, the star Spica, Alpha Virginis, Chitra, has always got an important place. Fiducial star in some versions of the sidereal zodiac, sometimes even identified with the Star of Bethlehem, this white and shining double star, the ear in the hands of the celestial maid or Virgo, has especially been connected with outstanding intellectual achievement. The prestige of this star is so great in Western tradition, that some famous astrologers claimed to have it in crucial points of their horoscope, even if it was not there.

Revista Historia - Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, 2019

Durante el último tercio del siglo xIx, los médicos de la ciudad de Buenos Aires se ocuparon extensamente de la patología histérica, sobre todo en la población femenina. El objetivo de este artículo es examinar las variadas producciones teóricas elaboradas por los profesionales acerca de esa enfermedad. Luego de reconocer un primer conjunto de escritos en los que no se otorgó una segura autonomía mórbida a la afección, se analizan en detalle los marcos teóricos prevalecientes en los ensayos ulteriores. Se presta especial atención a los dispositivos asistenciales y de observación clínica en que los doctores desarrollaron sus tareas, entendiendo que aquellos tuvieron un visible impacto en los modos de comprender la patología. During the last third of the nineteenth century, Buenos Aires physicians dealt extensively with hysterical pathology, especially among the female population. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the various theoretical fabrications elaborated by those professionals about the disease. After recognizing a first set of writings in which a certain morbid autonomy was not granted to the condition, the theoretical frameworks prevailing in the subsequent works are described in detail. Special attention is paid to clinical devices used by doctors in their practice, since it is assumed that those devices had a clear impact on the ways the pathology was understood.

Geography teacher, 2024

his paper offers the intellectual goals and content that guided a National Endowment for the Humanities (NEH) K-12 Summer Institute entitled “The Role of Geographic Mobility in the African American Freedom Struggle.” Readers are provided background and concepts for exploring Black geographies of mobility in classrooms. Geographic mobility is a core democratic principle important to understanding the African American Freedom Struggle and the politics of mobility, a recognition that the very dynamics of where, when, and how we move is a product of the exercise of social power and the distribution of rights. Institute teachers worked to develop content expertise and knowledge necessary to answer three major questions: (1) In what ways has geographic mobility been used as a means of racial control and exclusion against African Americans? (2) In what ways have African Americans used geographic mobility as a form of resistance, resilience, and world-making? (3) In what ways have racialized mobility patterns and practices shaped U.S. landscapes and people’s experiences, well-being, and vulnerability in those places?

Interbank overnight lending rate pass-through Bangkok Interbank Offered Rate (BIBOR) during the period of financial crisis: In case of Thailand's Interbank Market (2005 to 2011) Abstract: A global financial crisis was happened began from the end of 2007 till nowadays which that crisis was affected to the other market around the world. Hence this paper focus on the Interbank overnight lending rate and Bangkok Interbank Offered Rate (BIBOR) behavior, a long-run relationship, and pass-through between the financial turmoil and BIBOR in case of Thailand Interbank market that cover the sample period from January 2005 to December 2011. This study findings, firstly the Interbank overnight lending and BIBOR spreads are highest in period B than period A, and period C, however we also find the Interbank overnight lending spread's variance grew due to in May 2007 to August 2009 (during the crisis period). In addition the response of Interbank overnight lending spread to BIBOR for a long-term BIBOR spread has a variance less than a short-term BIBOR and the changes in a short-term relation are stronger for Interbank overnight lending rate, BIBOR 1w, BIBOR 1m, BIBOR 2m, and BIBOR 3m more than BIBOR 6m, BIBOR 9m, and BIBOR 1y, however they have a long-run relationship to each other. Keywords: Interbank Overnight Lending Rate, Bangkok Interbank Offered Rate (BIBOR), Interbank Spread Rate

It is now widely recognised (for many organisations) that the ability to recruit, develop and retain employees provides a significant and sustainable competitive advantage. For many organisations, it is simply not possible to buy in the required skills as and when needed. This case examines human resource development (HRD) from a number of perspectives. Organisations that consider people to be key to competitive advantage must recruit and develop talented employees and enhance their capabilities and motivation, whilst seeking to retain such resources. Organisations need people with appropriate skills, abilities and experience; such people may be brought in from the outside (recruitment and selection) or 'grown' by training and developing existing employees. The organisation must provide opportunities for learning and development and personal growth. In summary, much of this case is about investing in human capital.