Technologies for another form of construction: experiences by women from popular movements (PROJECT FINAL REPORT)

Gendered Design in STEAM in LMICs PROJECT FINAL REPORT Technologies for another form of construction: experiences by women from popular movements BRAZIL ⎥ LATIN AMERICA Principal Investigator: Diana Helene Ramos Co-Principal Investigator: Amanda Azevedo Institution: Federal University of Alagoas ⎥ UFAL Date submitted: 06/30/2022 (version revised October 2022) INDEX 1. PROJECT OVERVIEW 1 Abstract 1 2. CONTENTS 2 List of Figures 2 3. INTRODUCTION 4 Background information 4 Research problem and objective 5 4. METHODOLOGY Research processes and methods 11 Activities 13 Field Approach and Project Planning 13 Diagnosis, Collective Cartography and systematization 15 Technology Development 18 Final Presentation and Evaluation 26 Project management and implementation 27 5. OUTCOMES 33 Research processes and methodology 36 Gendered design contribution 39 Learning, knowledge mobilization, networks and opportunities 44 6. OUTPUTS AND CAPACITY 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 11 46 Dissemination 49 Research 51 Capacity building 52 Policy and practice 53 OVERALL ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDATION CONCLUSION REFERENCES APPENDIX AFTERWORD ANNEX 54 57 60 63 85 86 1. PROJECT OVERVIEW Technologies for another form of construction: experiences by women from popular movements ABSTRACT The proposal of this research was to rethink the construction site in self-built constructions through participatory processes of architectural design and construction, alongside with people engaged in popular groups and social movements composed mostly by women (about 80 %). The designs would be created with these women, in order to deconstruct the barriers created by sexual division of labor, especially in constructive activities, which are primarily performed by men. The political and theoretical motivation to develop this project was to rethink construction sites from a female perspective, as well as to rescue ancestral construction techniques that have been systematically erased by colonial and patriarchal orders which historically exclude women from technological labor. For that, the project was developed in three different territories and realities of Brazil, Latin America: a quilombo, in Maranhão, which was building a communitary kitchen; a group of women in the periphery of Rio de Janeiro, working with communitary networks to support collective production sites in order to face the pandemics; and a group of fisherwomen, in Alagoas. For that, based on a participatory design methodology (SANDER, 2014) and inspired by the “carrier bag theory” (LE GUIN, 2019), a feminist technological tool was collectively elaborated, containing instructions on the ancestral technologies that have been central to the territories where these women inhabit: the pana. A fabric of 1.40x1.40 m that serves both as an object (which can be used as a form of carrying or tying things in daily work) and as a manual (in its print are described the technologies developed by women in their territories which were mapped by the project). In this report we present detailed information on the different stages of the project’s development, as well as its main outcomes and outputs. KEYWORDS: Gendered Design; Women; Ancestral Technologies; Pana. 1 2. CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Our fields of action and territorial articulators (leaders of the communities studied): Gedilza Holanda da Silva Mendonça (Porto de Pedras - AL); Josiclea (Zica) Pires da Silva (Quilombo Santa Rosa dos Pretos - MA); and Sandra Regina da Silva (Serra da Misericórdia - RJ) - image presented during an online collective meeting held on 09/28/21. Figure 2: This project's Methodological Diagram was initially elaborated to exemplify how the research and development process would be carried out. As will be explained in this section of the report, significant changes have occurred in what it has become. Figure 3: Project’s first phase timeline. Figure 4: Diagram summarizing the collective activity "which object represents me?", carried out online among all project members in September 2020. Figure 5: Project’s second phase timeline. Figure 6: Pictogram Sheet; Pictograms for Workshop in Serra da Misericórdia - RJ; Pictograms for Workshop in Quilombo Santa Rosa dos Pretos - MA. Figure 7: Process making of the Individual maps at Serra da Misericórdia Workshop - RJ; Zica Pires presentation of her individual map from the Workshop in Quilombo Santa Rosa dos Pretos - MA. Figure 8: Presentation of the collective map from the workshop in Serra da Misericórdia - RJ; presentation of the collective map from the Workshop in Quilombo Santa Rosa dos Pretos MA. Figure 9: Presentation of individuals maps and the collective map from the Workshop in Porto de Pedras - AL. Figure 10: Project’s third phase timeline. Figure 11: Workshops that shaped the decision to use the pana as a technology: Online workshop of Capulana with the consultant Vanilza Silvestre in Serra da Miserica - RJ; Zica Pires teaches her how to make a turban during an online group meeting. Figure 12: Rudia’s example - graphic material created and presented by the team for discussion at the collective meeting with the fields. Figure 13: Watercolor drawing by Zica Pires, from the Quilombola Territory of Santa Rosa dos Pretos, representing the map of the territory. April, 2022. Figure 14: Graphic material created and presented by the team about the research on fabrics around the world and discussion at the collective meeting with the fields; (complete slides in the attachments); first planning of content organization: tree drawings and content arrangement on the 20 cm by 20 cm grid. Figure 15: Step by step of the technologies developed in the fields of activity - initial sketches. Figure 16: Pana’s design process and phases. Figure 17: Caption: initial version printing test on A4 sheets. 2 Figure 18: Caption: color version printing test on 20x20 cm sheets. Figure 19: Project’s fourth phase timeline. Figure 20: Zica Pires teaches one of the classes on the course Technology, Work and Care, at UFRJ; Visit to "Mothers to Work", in which women teach other women techniques for renovating and building. Figure 21: Children were always present at our meetings and we prioritized caring for each other as a feminist radical methodology. Figure 22: The design students Victor Lobo and Luiza Amorim in a meeting activity from the collective design of the pana, and Eva Rolim Miranda in one of the orientations sessions for the Batuque team. Figure 23: Preview of the final pana’s design. Figure 24: Presentation meeting of Researchers Team (Diana Helene, Flavia Araújo e Eva Rolim (FAU/UFAL); Bruna Oliveira (FAU/UFAL); Jessica Lima (CTEC/UFAL); Amanda Azevedo (NIDES/UFRJ); Kaya Lazarini (FAU/USP) and Bruna Vasconcellos (UFABC)) and the Territorial Articulators Team (Gedilza Holanda da Silva Mendonça (Porto de Pedras, AL); Josiclea (Zica) Pires da Silva (Quilombo Santa Rosa dos Pretos, MA) and Sandra Regina da Silva (Serra da Misericórdia, RJ). 3 3. INTRODUCTION BACKGROUND INFORMATION In this report we present the main results, reflections and outcomes of the project “Technologies for another form of construction: experiences by women from popular movements”, submitted to GDS in December 2019, under the coordination of Professor Diana Helene, our Principal Investigator from Federal University of Maceió (FAU/UFAL); and Co-Principal Investigator Amanda Azevedo; along with the participation of a team formed by researchers from the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) and the Federal University of ABC (UFABC)1. The project was developed in three different Latin American territories located in Brazil, and our final team had the participation of women from these different places2. The project’s initial goals and concerns were to rethink the construction site in self-built constructions through participatory processes of architectural design and construction, alongside with people engaged in popular groups and social movements composed mostly by women. The main idea was to create participatory design processes with these women, aiming to deconstruct the barriers created by sexual division of labor, especially regarding constructive activities, which are primarily performed by men. These mostly low-income women, heads of households and non-whites would benefit from collectively creating another way of thinking about housing construction within the project activities. The political and theoretical motivation to develop the project was related to the fact that construction sites are traditionally male workspaces which are, at the same time, poorly explored from a technical perspective. In Brazil, cheap labor ends up generating a lot of labor exploitation, a 1 The research team included: Kaya Lazarini (USP), Bruna Mendes de Vasconcellos (UFABC), Jessica Helena de Lima (UFAL), Eva Rolim Miranda (UFAL), Flavia de Sousa Araújo (UFAL), Bruna Oliveira (UFAL) and Mayara Silva (UFAL). 2 Gedilza Holanda da Silva Mendonça and Jovina Ferreira Lopes (Porto de Pedras, AL); Josiclea Pires da Silva and Josiane Pires da Silva (Quilombo Santa Rosa dos Pretos, MA), Sandra Regina da Silva, Vanessa Geraldino Gomes and Ana Paula Santos (Serra da Misericórdia, RJ). 4 considerable amount of work accidents and workers’ physical wear (FERRO, 2002)3. Hegemonic constructive techniques are often sources of pollution and environmental degradation. Therefore, the aim of the project was to rethink this workspace from a female perspective, as well as to rescue ancestral construction techniques that were erased along with the birth of the sexual division that historically excludes women from technological labour. In many non-capitalist communities, women are the ones responsible for building houses, through participatory, non-hierarchical and collective techniques which are allied with caring tasks (many construction sites take children as part of the construction process, for example), and the project aimed to create the space and conditions to allow this knowledge to be seen and recognized as a means of becoming a source to foster women’s autonomy. RESEARCH PROBLEM AND OBJECTIVE The initial proposal was to create prototypes that would assist female constructive processes, and the replication of these techniques through the creation of manuals that could spread the knowledge developed during the research. The initial field work was to be done with a singular group of women from Duque de Caxias, in the State of Rio de Janeiro. However, as the project developed and many changes crossed our context ‒ including the outbreak of a global pandemic, and the difficulties on accessing funding by bureaucratic impeditivies ‒ some modifications had to take place. Although the theoretical and political perspective of the project was maintained, the initial objectives were redefined, as we had to reinvent our methodological approaches due to the isolation requested by sanitary reasons, and these changes, despite having brought great 3 Sérgio Ferro is one of the greatest Brazilian architectural thinkers to take a close look specifically at the construction site. In "O Canteiro e o Desenho", he relates the production process of architecture and design to the production of construction sites and their intrinsic violence. In an interview with students at FAU-USP in 2002, Ferro points out: "the building site is one of the privileged places of exploitation, of violence. Even today, workers have the lowest wages, the longest working days, the worst diseases in the world of work (silicosis, which comes from cement, for example), and the highest number of accidents. [...] Social violence is quite large in this sector: it is hard to explain why it was so concentrated in our domain". 5 challenges to the proper development of the project, allowed us to mature some important political and theoretical issues that are presented as results throughout this report. We could say two major changes took place throughout the project: on the fieldwork and on methodology. But to understand those changes, it is necessary to describe the context in which the project was developed. The project was developed almost a whole year without funding, and during the ecloding moment of the Covid-19 pandemic. A considerable delay in the release of the resources from Canada, added to bureaucratic impediments that made it difficult for Brazilian institutions to receive them, led to a period in which we were not only resourceless, but spending a considerable part of our time having to deal with such issues. At the same time, the pandemic scenario emerged, and we faced great challenges in Brazil, since national and local governments struggled to establish adequate policies to minimally control the situation: Brazil was considered the epicenter of the global pandemic for several months4. Therefore, both the researchers engaged with the project as well as the women in the fieldwork territories had not only to maintain the social distancing measures, but also to deal with close people being infected, alongside with an increase in police violence on the territories, the needs of extra care and a whole lot of emotional stress generated by the so many deaths plaguing the country. Despite all that, the research team kept on working for the project, engaging in activities proposed by GDS, reorganizing the project and its methodology and studying collectively, through frequent online meetings and phone calls with the women in the territories. The research team also engaged in a series of debates, classes and courses on the project's themes, mentioned in the two previous reports. 4 Coronavirus in Brazil: What You Need to Know. How did Brazil become a global epicenter of the outbreak? After seeming to ease, is the virus making a comeback?. https://www.nytimes.com/article/brazil-coronavirus-cases.html 6 One of the major changes that came from this moment was on the first proposed fieldwork, which expanded from Rio de Janeiro to include two other states: Maranhão and Alagoas. During the process of planning the research, we realized that focusing strictly on construction sites was something that could limit the outcomes of the project. Expanding our research to other sites where women were involved with production and reproduction tasks collectively could help us rethink technology through the experience and protagonism of these women. And that seemed not only desirable ‒ as something that would strengthen the project’s goals and our reflections on gendered design ‒ but also feasible, as we had researchers in different parts of the country, and a favorable perspective of development of online activities. Then we started working with a quilombo5 in Maranhão, building a communitary kitchen; a group of women in the periphery of Rio de Janeiro, working with communitary networks to support collective production sites organized to face the pandemics; and a group of fisherwomen in Alagoas. 5 Quilombos are “synonymous with black resistance and are historically the places where slaves took refuge and rescued their African origins”. Link: http://conaq.org.br/noticias/quilombos-nossa-vida-e-trajetoria-e-de-luta/. Nowadays, in Brazil, many of these places of refugees have survived and are the homeland of many, and a judicial struggle has been taking place for decades in order to guarantee the collective property of these territories by the quilombolas (the inhabitants of quilombos). 7 Fig.1: Our fields of action and territorial articulators (leaders of the communities studied): Gedilza Holanda da Silva Mendonça (Porto de Pedras - AL); Josiclea (Zica) Pires da Silva (Quilombo Santa Rosa dos Pretos - MA); and Sandra Regina da Silva (Serra da Misericórdia RJ).Image presented during an online collective meeting held on 09/28/21. The inclusion of these other territories led us to a second necessary change in approach of the project. The initial goal was developed considering the possibility of being on site with women, to mediate participatory processes that would allow us to rethink technology, and to foster women's autonomy. However, the methodology elaborated for that had to be adapted to using online instruments only, and to the impossibility of being presentially with them. Therefore, during this first phase of the project, we held online meetings and workshops, using methodologies which are better described in the next section of this report, that aimed to put the groups in contact by promoting debates on technology and gender, and mainly to conduct a participatory survey on the technologies mobilized by women in their collective organization processes. The scenario changed as the project progressed. The funds were finally accessed, articulations with women in the territories were strengthened, and the arrival of the vaccine, which brought a scenario of more flexibility to social isolation, opened up possibilities for the advancement of the research, including some site visits. 8 On the third stage of the project’s development we started working on the creation of a format of manual that could not only be an instrument to share information, but also a technology that could represent the paths women were taking inside the project. What happened then was that the development of the manual, through a participatory process built together with the women, would radically change the format of what we could imagine as a manual, as well as our conceptions about what technology is, and about which technologies are seen as central to the promotion of the autonomy of these collectives. Inspired by these women’s experience, and Ursula’s Le Guin text on the carrier bag theory6, we moved towards designing a piece of fabric, which would carry within itself, printed on it, the manual of the most important technologies for each of the collectives, connected by the trees that inhabit our territories. This carrier bag would be the feminist technological tool, containing instructions on the ancestral technologies that have been central to the territories where these women inhabit. Women named this fabric as pana. Although in Portuguese this kind of printed fabric is normally called “pano”, Zica Pires, one of the participants from the quilombo, said that in their territory, and for her ancestors, that was a pana, so we incorporated it as the fabric’s official name, which is how we will refer to it from now on in this report. The pana’s final format was a fabric of 1.40m x 1.40m with printed images containing the technologies mapped by the project developed by these women in their territories. Pana would serve as an object that can be used as a way to carry or tie things in daily work and in the many uses a fabric can have; as a manual; and also as the material concretude of all that was built throughout the project, besides being a beautiful item that represents all that. The pana is, most of all, a way to legitimize and disseminate the practices and knowledge of these groups. 6 LE GUIN, U. K. The Carrier Bag Theory of Fiction. 1. ed. London: Ignota Books, 2019. 9 In the report that follows, we detail more all of the developments and the main outcomes of the project. We start by explaining the methodologies for each of the different phases of the project, and presenting its main outcomes, as well as the outputs and capacities led by the project's activities, also pointing out further steps, and end up by making some final considerations on assessment. 10 4. METHODOLOGY RESEARCH PROCESSES AND METHODS The methodology carried out by the project was based on participatory design and construction processes, including participant observation and popular education methods that prioritize knowledge exchange between university and communities. With an intersectional perspective, we developed a process that included many formats of knowledge built with women from the three territories that integrated the project. The diagram that follows is a resume of the project's methodological approach. Fig. 2: This project's Methodological Diagram was initially elaborated to exemplify how this research and development process would be carried out. As will be explained in this section of the report, significant changes have occurred in what it has become. (See Appendix A, which can be seen with better quality in this Miro Board7 ) To achieve that proposal, our project was basically divided into four research phases, based on the main goals initially set. As mentioned 7 The full board can be accessed on Mic's platform via the following link: https://miro.com/app/board/uXjVOqNzMm8=/?share_link_id=851030202933 11 before, the methodology was adapted due to the difficulties to access funding and the pandemic scenarios, and also by the research progress itself and its corresponding theoretical and practical developments. Each one of these phases relied on a package of varied research techniques and methods that will be described below. Although the phases had differences among themselves, we prioritized working with participative and collective processes and methodologies during the whole project. This was a decision taken in order to assure that the research outcomes and results would dialogue and be aligned with the territory's reality. Throughout the whole project, the academic team has continued forgoing its internal managing and extra academic activities, including keeping up with periodical online meetings and the bureaucracies related to the project execution, giving academic courses related to the theoretical and practical project’s developments and participating in discussion panels related to the themes. The team has also attended the online activities proposed by the GDS organizers. The project initiated with a stage we called “Field approach and Project Planning”, where we mainly got in closer touch with the groups and re-planned the project, considering changes given by the scenario; the second stage “Diagnosis, Collective Cartography and systematization” focused mainly on planning, executing and systematizing a collective diagnosis; the third phase consisted of the “Technology Development” itself, and finally we still had to go through a final stage of sharing and disseminating the project's outcomes. All these different stages and the main activities carried out for each of them were organized in a final project timeline, attached to this document (APPENDIX B), and that can be better seen in this Miro Board8 . 8 The full board can be accessed on Mic's platform via the following link: https://miro.com/app/board/uXjVOqNzMm8=/?share_link_id=851030202933 12 ACTIVITIES It’s important to highlight that even though the graphical representation of the timeline is linear, some of these activities didn’t take place the same way. Some of them took longer than others and/or happened simultaneously. Even so, we managed to build this timeline in order to represent the key activities and project milestones of each phase. Further details about the processes applied, the methodological tools and activities developed can be found below. a. Field Approach and Project Planning At the first phase we had activities combined in online and hybrid meetings. Our main goal was to establish a closer relationship with women on the fieldwork and to define a project schedule, drafting the next steps of our research process. Fig. 3: Project’s first phase timeline. 13 For this purpose, we started a bibliographic search combined with study groups of our readings9. Through online meetings, we discussed papers, books and articles of our project’s transversal themes. At this point, we also had to redefine the fields, since the initial proposal was no longer an option due to the pandemic situation. Once the fields were finally established, we proposed online meetings with the local articulators to start a collective field recognition. During these meetings, even though they were held online, we always chose to use corporal dynamics to elucidate which themes would permeate the project, as well as presentation rounds among the project’s participants, always valuing the exchange of experiences between them and ourselves, and long moments of listening to their own daily experiences. Fig. 4: Diagram summarizing the collective activity "Which object represents me?", carried out online among all project members in September 2020. The image above, for example, was the result of one of those meetings, where teamwork members from the universities and the fieldwork territories presented themselves through some object that was significant to them. With these meetings and activities we were able to reach a 9 Internally, we gave sequence to a series of studies on gender, technology and design, as well as on participatory methodologies instruments. The literature studied together has been the base through which we elaborated the approaches of the field work. Details on the references used are on the final references. 14 (re)definition of which main topics we would take further on the research. At this point, our participation at the GDS project Labs has also contributed to the redefinitions made. b. Diagnosis, Collective Cartography and systematization The main objective of the project's second phase was to elaborate a collective diagnosis, focused on gender and technology, with all three different territories. For that, we not only were inspired by our studies and the Labs being carried out, but also by the exchanges we had with the participant women through the online meetings from phase one. Fig. 5: Project’s second phase timeline. Through the diagnosis we aimed to understand four specific axis, by dialoguing with the experience of the women involved: Social & Political; Work & Income; Territory & Technology ‒ and all of them being crossed by Gender. We did a survey on pre-existing workshops and participatory methodologies of diagnosis and training and, with these references, we 15 developed what we called a “Collective Cartography Workshop”10, focused on critically discussing the issues mentioned above11. To begin with, we carried out an online meeting with all territories and project members to explain how the diagnosis would be conducted, and agreed on the proposed activities. After that, we held the workshops separately in each field of activity. To facilitate the combination of the three different diagnoses carried out in each field, a standard proposal for the cartography activity12 was created in order to ensure a unity between them and a good synthesis between the three. For this, we developed a set of pictograms that could streamline the mapping and the common systematization between the three locations, composed of similar pictograms to represent similar spaces in these different communities. Fig. 6: Pictogram Sheet; Pictograms for Workshop in Serra da Misericórdia - RJ; Pictograms for Workshop in Quilombo Santa Rosa dos Pretos - MA. The cartography activity was structured in two phases: first an individual map construction, then a group debate through the construction of a collective map. So, at first women were invited to draw a map of the territory alone, using the printed pictograms created especially for this activity. The instructions were that they should mark their daily journey through the territory, identifying the territory's resources (natural, infrastructure, etc.), and after the map was completed, each one presented it to the group. 10 11 12 In Appendix C there is a detailed description of the methodology designed. The material we studied includes Cadernos Empirica (2009), Risler (2013) Pippi (2008). A detailed account of workshops in the territories are described in the third partial project report. 16 Fig. 7: Making of the Individual maps at the Serra da Misericórdia workshop - RJ; Zica Pires presentation of her individual map at the workshop in Quilombo Santa Rosa dos Pretos - MA. Fig. 8: Presentation of the collective map from the workshop in Serra da Misericórdia - RJ; Presentation of the collective map at the workshop in Quilombo Santa Rosa dos Pretos - MA. Fig. 9: Presentation of individuals maps and the collective map from the workshop in Porto de Pedras - AL. 17 The second moment, carried out in a collaborative and collective way, had the objective of confronting the visions each one had of the same territory, and to provide moments of discussions about their individual and collective perspectives. Debating their workday was also a method found to discuss gender issues, and how such tasks relate to the different daily commuting between men and women. These workshops happened face-to-face in each territory. With the results of this cartography, we analyzed and systematized the reports, audios and testimonies, looking for what was common to the maps and information gathered, which were then compiled in order to present it to the local articulators. In addition, throughout the project, territorial researchers would be visiting the fields, always in dialogue with the territorial articulators, recording and sharing their site visits through photos, written and audio reports, and investigating which were the main technologies employed on a daily basis. c. Technology Development With the results of these Cartography workshops ‒ in other words, the maps produced ‒ the reflections and information gathered from the researchers and the territorial coordinators, we were able to identify and define (along with the local articulators) a technology that would benefit, in different ways, all the territories. Fig. 10: Project’s third phase timeline. 18 After several debates, and also inspired by Le Guin's "carrier-bag theory" (LE GUIN, 2019), we reached a first technology draft proposal, understanding that this technology could be a carrier bag that contained information about other technologies already developed in the fields. We understood that all of the territories were already developing procedures and practices full of technological aspects that were crucial for the maintenance of life at these places, so the final product would work as a compilation of these technologies. Therefore, we presented an initial proposal of a bag manual containing these technologies, which was discussed with the women from the three territories, and began to define the structure and content of the final product. We also brought along a consultant, Vanilza Silvestre, to give an online collective "capulana" workshop (based in person in the field at Serra da Misericórdia, in Rio de Janeiro) for all the women involved. Capulana is a Mozambican cloth used for wrapping things, carrying babies, and making various types of clothing. The idea of the pana ‒ as the technology to be created ‒ appeared in several ways: in the turbans on the women's heads, in the teaching of several ways to tie cloth to carry things during the workshops, in these women’s histories, in the texts we were reading. Fig.11: Workshops that shaped the decision to use the pana as a technology: Online workshop of Capulana with the consultant Vanilza Silvestre in Serra da Misericórdia - RJ; Zica Pires teaching her how to make a turban during an online group meeting.. 19 Research was then carried out on these ways of carrying things by means of fabrics and other materials that were taken to the collective meetings to be discussed with the women in the fieldwork territories. Conjoining both the need to make a printed material and to formulate the manual, we came up with the idea of printing the manual on a large fabric that itself could constitute a technological and manual object that contained the printed technologies. Thus, our final technology was a pana detailing the step-by-step of the technologies employed by these women in each of the fields. Two technologies were chosen per field to be separately detailed in the pana, and together with the women we elaborated an illustrated didactic step-by-steps of each technology. In addition, we inserted in the pana manual another four technologies dedicated to the tying of the pana: the folding to transform the pana into a bag (Furoshiki, a fold of Japanese origin); in the form of a rudia, that helps carry several objects on the head (description made by the articulator Preta, from Alagoas); the tying of a turban on the head (description made by the articulator Zica Pires, from Maranhão); and the tying to carry a child on the back (description made by the consultant Vanilza Silvestre). Fig. 12: Rudia’s example - graphic material created and presented by the team for discussion at the collective meeting with the fields. (See Appendix D and E) 20 The pana was also created seeking another language of organization of content from a series of illustrations made by different women from the fields of action that were combined in the final product. The design of the pana was inspired by one of the drawings made in the field by Zica during the cartography diagnosis workshops, in which we can see three trees with intertwined roots (see image below). In the pana, each one of these trees represents one of the territories, and which kind of tree would best represent each of their territories was also chosen together with them. In addition to Zica's drawing, all of the drawings made in the field during the diagnostic cartographies were also scanned and incorporated into the final pana drawing. Fig. 13: Watercolor drawing by Zica Pires, from the Quilombola Territory of Santa Rosa dos Pretos, representing the map of the territory. April, 2022. The definition of the name also came through the speech of Zica Pires, who recalls how these fabrics with printed images, and full of symbolic meanings, were named by their ancestors. In her words: Pana, as far as we understand it, is a word that we keep from the language of the Jeje people which we belong to. And it is very often used ‒ the "pana" ‒ in the sense of spirituality, that is the pana that ties the head, that protects the head, that holds the Orí, which is the place of 21 connection with our enchanted ones, which is the gateway to our spirituality (PIRES, 202213). So pana became the name of the final product, and its final format is a fabric with printed images containing the technologies, developed by women in their territories, that were mapped by the project. And after several exchanges and refinements, the content printed on the pana was organized as follows: I. Text explaining the final product Is this pana a technology?; II. Shared technologies: Rudia, Furoshiki, Turban and Child carrying fabric; III. Territory: Serra da Misericórdia - RJ Tree: Pink Pepper tree ⎪Local Technologies: Erva-baleeira (black sage) and Pink Pepper; IV. Territory: Porto de Pedras - AL Tree: Coconut Tree ⎪ Local Technologies: Mata-fome (bait and food) e Coconut inputs (fire, furniture, rudia, container and charcoal); V. Territory: Quilombo Santa Rosa dos Pretos - MA Tree: Baobab ⎪Local Technologies: Môi (sauce) and Babassu coconut. This third moment also includes the elaboration (design) of the final product, together with Batuque, a Junior Design Agency composed by students from the Undergraduate Design course at the Architecture and Urbanism College of the Federal University of Alagoas, in which the students14, with the guidance of the project’s team professors, developed the final layout of the pana. The design of the pana is thought to work both as a large cloth and also to be printed on A4 sheets, enabling the possibility of becoming a manual-booklet. The size of the cloth chosen, after researching the size of clothes in various cultures and trying to find a size that would combine 13 Transcript of explanation performed by Zica Pires, carried out via whatsapp on June 27, 2022. Batuque team was formed by the following students: Alanna Barros, Beatriz Ramos, Lael Rabelo, Luza Amorim, Maria Fernanda Silva e Victor Lobo. 14 22 the greatest range of possibilities of folding, and that could also fit the entire content of the manual, was 1.40x1.40 meters. From this size, the pana was subdivided into sections of 20x20 cm (which can be printed on A4 sheets), in which the content was organically arranged from a standardized grid (7 columns of 20cm by 7 rows of 20cm), totalling 49 A4 sheets in the booklet version of the manual pana. This configuration was decided jointly with the territorial coordinators, in collective meetings during the participatory process. In parallel, we carried out a search for fabric printing sites, work clothes, and possible print sizes. Unfortunately we could not find any companies that could print on organic fabrics ‒ which would be our ideal choice ‒ so we had to go on and choose a different kind of fabric called Porcelain Polyester, that could have all the proposed content printed on it, and that would have enough malleability to work for the several ends intended. Fig. 14: Graphic material created and presented by the team about the research on fabrics around the world or discussion at the collective meeting with the fields (complete slides in the attachments); first planning of content organization: tree drawings and content arrangement on the 20 cm by 20 cm grid. One of the elements that were worked on a lot throughout this development process was the construction of the step-by-step instructions on how to make the technologies for each territory. Thus, there was a creative process of elaboration of each of the elements contained in the pana. 23 Fig. 15: Step-by-step of the technologies developed in the fields of activity - initial sketches. Several meetings were done; prototypes, drawings and sketches were made to build the final format of the fabric. The dialogues between the research team, the territories and Batuque Agency took place regularly, so that it was possible to design the final product. Likewise, a series of detailed technical issues had to be resolved along the way to ensure that the pana had the structure, content and format according to the construction being collectively made. Below is one image and our technology production diagram of the construction of the pana, while it was being prepared. 24 Fig. 16: Pana’s design process and phases. (For better quality image see APPENDIX for the Miro Board).15 Fig. 17: Caption: initial version printing test on A4 sheets. 15 The full board can be accessed on Miro's platform via the following link: https://miro.com/app/board/uXjVOqNzMm8=/?share_link_id=851030202933 25 Fig. 18: Caption: color version printing test on 20x20 cm sheets. The last details of the pana are being finalized, so that the final technology can be sent to print and we have the pana at hand, the final product built from the project. d. Final Presentation and Evaluation Fig. 19: Project’s fourth phase timeline. 26 At last, we foresee a final activity by the end of 2022, when we will present the pana to the territories. However, we also want this phase to include an evaluation of the research by all the people who contributed to it. Thus, we seek to dedicate efforts to carefully plan a final presentation that contains mechanisms to enable this collective evaluation of the process. Another important moment in this phase will be the presentation of the project results to the GDS program, scheduled to take place in September 2022. e. Project management and implementation On the management and planning of this project, we highlight the numerous changes that have occurred, mainly due to the delay in receiving funding resources. We started the project in 2019, having spent more than two years without accessing any part of the resource allocated for its development. That said, we can divide the main management points of this project, both in terms of challenges and learnings, into coordination/method and bureaucratic matters. - Coordination/methodology matters Precisely because it takes place in three distinct territories, distant from each other, our financial planning initially envisioned a lot of expenses for travel and per diem. However, due to the pandemic of COVID, we had to review this forecast of expenses. Thus, the distance articulation of the actions performed in these three territories (Rio de Janeiro, Alagoas and Maranhão) was a great challenge in itself. We relied on many virtual meetings and adaptation of methods and methodologies that could be combined in hybrid formats. This whole process was of great value to our team, as it was through this process that we were able to ensure the 27 appropriate approach to the territories and the theoretical and conceptual deepening of the issues addressed by the project. Another decisive factor in facing such a challenge was the importance of having remuneration (albeit symbolic) allocated to local articulators. This ensured that we always had, even remotely, an entrance and an open channel of communication with the fields. Initially, we provided this resource in order to ensure a greater involvement and commitment of these women to the project. With the change of scenery caused by the Coronavirus, this resource became even more essential, given the precarious conditions that some of these territories had to contend with during the development of the project. We were also able to advance in terms of adapting participatory methodologies to a pandemic context. As the project proposed to develop the final product and its contents with the contribution of its fields, it was necessary to develop a workshop and meeting format that would guarantee this contribution, even if at a distance. To this end, we once again used this close contact with the local liaison persons to build and maintain this communication bridge. - Bureaucratic matters This was the first experience we had as a research group to manage a foreign resource at the Federal University of Alagoas (UFAL). Certainly, this part of the management process was very challenging, mainly because of the bureaucratic limitations imposed by FUNDEPES, the institution responsible for implementing the project's finances. Starting with the readjustment of rubrics (from the original fund to the Brazilian public university execution model) up to the actual execution of the resource forecast, we faced challenges. Many of the difficulties were due to an incompatibility between the form of payment foreseen in the call for proposals and what could be executed within the structure of Brazilian 28 public universities. This whole process led us to a significant accumulation of learning in bureaucratic administrative/financial management of research projects, which has enabled us to better understand the appropriate way to plan possible expenses within the adversities of a research, in addition to a greater knowledge about how the university itself works. It should be noted that many of the members of the research group had a significant baggage of previous experiences both in the implementation of research projects as in the administration of external resources for intervention projects in universities. And, despite that, specific dynamics of this foundation brought a series of challenges that we had not experienced in previously executed projects. We believe that the fact that the resources came from abroad ‒ which seems to be an unusual dynamic for the foundation itself ‒ may have been one of the reasons why it was difficult to better manage the resources. - Resources matters It should be noted that there have been many changes in the initial spending forecasts, and those adjustments had to be made for two main reasons. Firstly, due to the changes in scenario caused by both the COVID-19 pandemic and the Brazilian political and economic crisis mentioned above; the second reason is related to the difficulties faced by Brazilian institutions to receive the money, which considerably delayed the receipt of the first installment, resulting in a series of planning difficulties16 and many adjustments that had to be made to align the bureaucratic mechanisms of the funding institution with that of the 16 It is worth mentioning that the fourth payment was received on June 23rd, 2022. We are forecasting expenses for these amounts, which would be invested in increments in the contract of the company responsible for printing the fabric and in the kits that will accompany them. But it is important to consider that there may be small changes due to the time of bureaucratic processing with FUNDEPES and changes in the values of the services expected to be contracted. 29 recipient/administrator university. Therefore, some changes in priorities had to be made, and we explain and justify that below. The planning difficulties resulted in a delay in the use of resources, which also justifies why we are still finalizing a series of activities that imply the use of financial resources, especially expenses with revision, translation and publication on the internet, printing and assembly of the final product, as well as costs of mailing the final product to the different locations in Brazil where the project was developed. As previously mentioned in this report, all fieldwork has been completed, as well as the design of the final product in digital format, but these dissemination tasks are still to be completed. The expected expenditure on two academic scholarships (13 months grant17) in the “All faculty/lecturers/staff” sub-category was practically the same as expected (a small positive variation of + $58.39). However in the “Student stipends and RA scholarships” sub-category there has been a significant change in value due to the two months extra payment for the three territorial articulators (estimated expenditure: $4,543.00, spent: $5,257.99 = -$714.99). This was due to the enormous difficulties faced by local women in their territories (unemployment, extreme poverty, lack of public policies, police violence) and also due to the extension of the project. These women's participation as local articulators was key to the development of the project, so we readjusted resources to keep them involved until the end of the project’s execution (the grants of 8 months were increased to 10 months). This difference in value was offset by the sub-category “Local travel and subsistence expenses“, in which there was an equivalent amount left, due to the decrease in travel expenses that were initially planned between the different fields (estimated expenditure $1.605,00, spent $650,58 = + $954,62). 17 Initially, there would be 15 monthly scholarship installments, but due to the delay in the arrival of funds, we increased the unit value and reduced the number of installments to 13 payments. 30 Part of the remaining amount from this subcategory (+ $239.63) was added to the remaining amount from another two sub-categories: “Fieldwork costs“ (estimated expenditure: $1,111.00, spent: $809,42 = + $301.58), which was also less used for the same reasons mentioned above (reduction of field visits) and “Services and fees” (estimated expenditure: $ 432,00, spent: $282,44 = + $149,56); the final amount was used to cover the increase on the “Research dissemination” sub-category (estimated expenditure: $2,469.00 spent: $3.109,73= - $640,73). The expenses in this sub-category is slightly higher than expected due to the cost of printing the final product (initially we would print the final product on paper, and in the end the printing was done on fabric), as well as the additional costs of its dissemination which will be done through sending it by post. It is important to note that there were some losses of funds due to bank transactions established to receive the money in Brazil (spent: - $763.03 + estimated expenditure through September: - $154.82 = - $917,85). These expenses were inserted into a sub-category that, at first, had no estimated expenditures, called “Research permits and clearances” (which was done under the guidance of the GDS). In this category we also had a considerable expense due to the collection of CAF (administrative fee from FUNDEPES), summing up about 10% of the total amount of funds received (around $3.500,00). Despite having been informed that such a fee could not be included in the project's expected expenditures, and having made a great effort to cover this amount with other funds, we found ourselves unable to execute the project without using the project’s resources for those administrative costs. As FUNDEPES only informed the exact amount of its cost after receiving the last installment of the total resource, we are predicting a future estimated expenditure of around $200,00. To cover the total amount that we are forecasting for this sub-category (total forecast = - $1.106,79), we rearranged the amount left from the sub-category: “Equipment and materials” (estimated spend: $8.951,00 spent: $8.107,46 = + $936,93). 31 It should be noted that such an administrative fee is a necessary feature in all Brazilian public universities and maybe such expense should have to have been foreseen in advance in an item specially dedicated to it, and this is something we evaluate GDS should take into consideration for its future calls. The exact amounts spent on those transactions, as well as the financial details of all expenditures on the project, can be seen in ANNEX 1 (FINANCIAL REPORTING SPREADSHEET) and their receipts are available in ANNEX 2 (EXPENSES RECEIPTS). 32 5. OUTCOMES The project development process brought with it a series of lessons to be learned, and its results and impacts are still being assimilated and reflected upon. The construction of a project composed of people from different areas, in a permanent process of dialogue between university and communities, as well as the exchanges generated through the contact with projects from other countries, brought a series of possibilities for reflection and intervention in gendered design. In scientific terms and in terms of knowledge production, what seems significant to us is that there was the possibility of advances in the reflections on gender and design, and on gender and technology. In theoretical terms, there are still few contributions on thinking about these connections in the most vulnerable contexts in social and environmental terms; therefore, the project contributed not only to reflect on the theme, but to train people in those areas, as well as to promote concrete actions that could have an impact on the territories itself. The networks established between the universities involved, and between these and the funding agency and other universities, opened space for actions to unfold this process. In the section that follows, it is possible to see, for example, a series of seminars, courses and events that were generated from the new articulations established in Brazil. It must be said, however, that the articulations of this project with the other institutions financed by the program, both in Latin America and in other affected regions, were not able yet to be strengthened enough to generate tangible outcomes. It seems to us that the impossibility of face-to-face meetings may have hampered this possibility, but we believe that in the near future this can still happen. On the other hand, the networks and articulations between the different territories that made up the research process in Brazil was certainly one of the great positive developments of this research process. There was an 33 enormous synergy and affinity between the territories in all of the online meetings that were held with the participation of the women of the groups. Some of them already knew each other, and others began to articulate joint actions based on the project in their own territories. Women have also created closer links with the universities, and new joint actions are being considered to take place in the near future. For instance, the participant women were invited on different occasions to give classes and/or lectures in the spaces of the universities involved in the project. A concrete example of this was that the project coordinator Diana Helene, together with Bruna Mendes, one of the team members, jointly taught a discipline called Technology, Work and Care, at UFRJ18. In this course, they addressed many of the themes being worked on in the project, which was also presented, and Josiclea Pires da Silva (Zica Pires), one of the territorial articulators, was invited to teach a class. In addition, the course ended with a visit to a project called "Mães a obra" (Mothers to Work), in which women from the outskirts of Niteroi, a city close to Rio de Janeiro, teach techniques for renovating and building their own homes to other women in their community, with the aim of fostering women’s autonomy. The visit was largely a way of deepening the project's reflections, and from there, future exchanges with the project groups are being prepared. Fig. 20: Zica Pires teaches one of the classes on course Technology, Work and Care, at UFRJ; Visit to "Mães à obra", in which women teach other women techniques for renovating and building. 18 The discipline was taught in the master's degree of the Graduate Program in Technology for Social Development (PPGTS/NIDES/UFRJ), in partnership with Professor Fernanda Araújo. 34 One effect that we can also point out as a result of the research process is that the maturing of the methodology of our work with a gender perspective also had an impact on other spaces in which the group of researchers operates. Classrooms, events, meetings and extension projects were also modified according to the way of work developed throughout the project. On the other hand, regarding the effects that may have resulted from the project in terms of public policies, it is unfortunate to admit these are extremely fragile in Brazil. As we have already mentioned at some point in this report, the political context in which the project was developed was extremely unfavorable for the mobilization of public policies concerning gender and environmental or social issues. The government still in power has an extremely conservative character and has systematically taken resources from sectors such as education and scientific and technological development. In this sense, although the project may leave us subsidies for future moments, in which the political context is more favorable to the proposition of a policy ‒ or even to the mobilization of the policy makers ‒ this was not possible, given the current situation in the country. This political scenario has also imposed extremely violent and serious social conditions on the territories with which we worked during this period. These are places which have been surviving the context of the pandemic and the economic aggravations generated by it without any type of structure or support, being completely neglected by the State. Also, the scenario of police brutality worsened significantly during this period, and throughout the project we even canceled meetings due to the occurrence of police raids19 on the territories, or else when the women came to us experiencing recent mourning for people close to them. Thus, despite being able to highlight that the organization of women has been 19 In 2022, there were at least 2 police raids, one in February and one in May, at Serra da Misericórdia (Complexo da Penha, Vila Cruzeiro - Rio de Janeiro). In total, these raids have resulted in 34 deaths. Further information can be found in the following links: https://www.hrw.org/news/2022/05/26/another-police-raid-rio-leaves-23-dead and https://www.reuters.com/world/americas/least-eight-people-killed-rio-de-janeiro-police-raid-2022-02-11/ 35 strengthened through the exchanges within the scope of the project, which in its turn paves the way for the construction of their autonomy, the broader context imposed challenges that would need a much broader set of transformations to take place. Despite this scenario, the processes and methodologies developed throughout the project allowed us to establish links with the territories and through them, which enabled us to mobilize local knowledge and powers that impact our perceptions of what we understand about gendered design. Thus, the development of the pana, as a bag of feminist technological tools, turned itself into a materiality in which these women can recognize themselves and disseminate the ancestral knowledge of their territories. And therefore, there was a major technological innovation as an outcome of the project. A great learning that emerges from this process is also about the capacities and potential of these women and their organizations. What was evident throughout this period of sharing with their organizations is the resilience of these women, and the ability to resist and insist on what they dream of as an improvement for their own community. The persistence in achieving their goals is highlighted through the solid, albeit slow, construction of connections between different people, knowledge and powers. RESEARCH PROCESSES AND METHODOLOGY The methodologies conceived throughout the research process, both in the internal work of the team and in the actions mobilized with the women's groups, were built from a feminist perspective, which in the context of this project implied in: trying to build spaces as horizontal as possible; making use of tools to encourage self-management at all times; taking care as an ethic that guided all procedures; and organizing meetings and spaces with methods that made these activities possible. 36 Meetings and workshops were also planned with space for care activities, such as sharing food, talking about the challenges being faced, developing activities with the body, making dynamics for emotional support. And these were not seen as something frivolous but instead, as a structural part of the methodology. Evaluations of the workshops led us to understand that these structures were central to what resulted as an outcome. Fig. 21: Children were always present at our meetings and we prioritized caring for each other as a feminist radical methodology. The radical methodological change generated by the pandemic, which makes it impossible to hold face-to-face meetings, certainly had a significant impact on the research process. The work in locus in the territories would certainly have implied in other formats and developments for the project. The need to carry out a significant part of the process remotely required a whole learning process, both on the part of the team and across the territories. It is evident that some negative impacts were felt here, especially since women in the fields often did not have proper internet access to allow them to fully participate in the online meetings. On the other hand, it should be mentioned that there was a considerable measure of positive surprise, considering that even in this format the research process was able to advance and that there was an 37 involvement of the women, which allowed rich exchanges and deepening of all the themes discussed. Alongside the structural dimension of gender in the organization and development of the project's methodological process, another dimension gained importance when thinking about how we would like to elaborate the design of the fabric: the formative and pedagogical dimension that was then established with the partnership with Batuque. The process of elaborating the design of the cloth was carried out in a series of meetings that functioned as orientations/assistance to the students, who were producing the design of the fabric and learning the process of collective and professional design at the same time. The formative dimension of the cloth's elaboration, together with the gender dimension, proved capable of expanding the debate and the possibilities of reflection based on the technology of the pana. Fig. 22: The design student's Victor Lobo and Luiza Amorim in a meeting activity from the collective design of the pana, and Eva Rolim Miranda in one of the orientations given to the Batuque team. 38 The activities carried out by the GDS program especially helped us to elaborate the methodological processes in more detail, in order to be able to exchange with other projects under development, knowing other actions also inspired the work team in their constructions throughout the research process. GENDERED DESIGN CONTRIBUTION From the beginning, a central concern of the project was to reflect on gender and technology through the context of organizing and articulating popular struggle. The project's team of researchers, composed mainly of cisgender women, comes from a trajectory of action, reflection and practice with popular movements, especially those led by women. Furthermore, we all come from a technical background ‒ architecture, engineering, design ‒ and we are all trying to build political and academic paths that somehow seek to influence gender in the places where popular struggle and technological resistance meet. The neglect to address a gender dimension that structures the places of the social movements through which we transit was what motivated us to design the project in articulation with our interests. Our political, theoretical and methodological bet when designing the project was to turn our attention to thinking about the processes of technological resistance through the experiences of women themselves in the popular struggle ‒ that they could speak, with their own voice, and be heard. The choice for collective actions carried out by women was, in this sense, a feminist perspective on the construction of the project, which denoted a particular interest in rethinking technology based on gender. Not because gender can only be thought of from the experience of women, but because in the context of the dispute around technology and design, what was perceived as something central was that in order to influence the ways of doing and understanding design and technology, it was necessary 39 to allow the voice of the margins, the underrepresented and the underheard. To theoretically rethink gender and technology through these voices, while betting on the opening of this reflection with women as a potential for valuing and strengthening their own individual and collective autonomy, was the way to maintain a focus on gender. From beginning to end, gender was the theoretical and political axis that organized our studies, actions, as well as the methodological choices that were being designed. Methodology was, therefore, all gender based: the participatory diagnosis developed throughout the process covered social, territorial, economical and structural conditions having gender as a transversal element ‒ as all those lines would be addressed through a gender perspective; the gathering of information and the entire training process was guided by the experience of women and their collective organizations, and the horizon was to act keeping in mind how to implement the potential of the territory and the technologies ‒ available and possible ‒ to boost the autonomy, economy and productive capacity of women. What emerged as an outcome of this theoretical and methodological gender based perspective was a complete change on what we initially imagined as the technologies that would be central to these women’s organizations and, which led to the conception of the technology developed by the project. One thing leading to another, the manual itself was redefined, and all those transformations can be seen reflected on the project's final product: a fabric, that is also a carrier bag. The pana is a material representation of the significant changes in perceptions about gendered design. Therefore, one of the main developments in gendered design in our project was to acknowledge the centrality of understanding the context in which all these women find themselves: the focus on what emerges from territory can radically change gender based design. For this reason, the 40 carrying out of the cartography workshops as a means of diagnosis sought to make visible the different tasks performed in the territory, and how the sexual division of labour can guide places, circulation and access to resources and technologies in different ways between men and women, as it also managed to let emerge the set of technologies that were being mobilized and which were central in these territories. As part of the methodology, what was constantly emphasized was that we were not looking for technological solutions that had the ambition of being generalized and generalizable, but essentially, to be territorially located. Behind that perspective was the idea that experiences and knowledge can be shared and become useful in other situations and locations, but they do not need to reach one standard solution. This centrality given to the territories has radically transformed the technologies that we initially imagined would be part of the final results. The project started out concerned with systematizing civil construction practices mobilized by women and the change in territories, but instead, the expansion of field work and listening to women made us have to rethink that. During the cartographies carried out in the communities, what became clear is that the women's readings about what technologies are go beyond what we imagined. 41 Fig. 23: Preview of final pana’s design. (For better quality image see APPENDIX for the Miro Board20 ) Trees, land, healing techniques, planting, baskets and rudia emerged as technologies that were central to the autonomous organization of women, and thus brought about the need to rethink what technology was, and how we could systematize these technologies presented through a manual. Ursula Le Guin, with her text on the carrier bag theory applied to science fiction, inspired us on building a creative answer to what these women were bringing into the project. So the manual took the format of a bag, as a shelter for feminist tools that could be shared by all of them. In the end, 20 The full board can be accessed on Mic's platform via the following link: https://miro.com/app/board/uXjVOqNzMm8=/?share_link_id=851030202933 42 the idea was improved and the group chose to print the technologies of each territory on a fabric, which could, in the end, become a bag. The final product therefore became a fabric, and this made us have to stretch the very notions of technology that had been informing the project until then, and we managed to systematize this turn in a text that was also printed in the pana: Is this pana a technology? Is this pana a technology? Is a bag a technology? Is a herb used for healing a technology? Is the tying of a cloth a technology? What is the imaginary we share about what technology is? The most usual answers come as artifacts, metals, machines, rockets, robots, guns, bombs, cars ‒ in an imaginary almost always filled with a notion of technology as something mythical, almost magical, far from our control. Technology appears as something that organizes our worlds, without us having the power to control its ways. There is no lack of films depicting the apocalyptic world when machines overtake us. Violence invariably appears in this imagination as a cousin sister of technology: domination, fear, anguish, destruction and control are part of the same package ‒ and masculinity runs glued to this twisted colonial imagination. The invented masculinity must be technologically skilled, and what we understand as technology is tied to the world built as masculine. Are there other possible ways of thinking about technology? Would it be possible for us to think that the care, the vessel, the bag, the cure, the earth, could inhabit what we imagine as technology? Aren't these also artifacts, ancestral ones, used by humanity to build our life in society? Unlike the stick, a trademark of colonial-patriarchal technology, the cloth that carries the baby (or the basket, or the hair, or… ) does not share the same social ‒ nor technological ‒ status. The construction of what is feminine inhabits a distant place from what is technological, and vice versa. What we define as technology is deeply related to the layers of power instituted in the modern Western world. Technology is one of the pieces that make up the structuring of social relations ‒ not as a disconnected artifact, but as an organically active molecule in the weaving of power. Reinventing relationships also means to reinvent the technology. Reviewing the power structures of gender and race also involves reviewing the hierarchies of technology What we understand by technology, what we value as technological, what we choose to exalt as necessary artifacts, are elements that are part of the struggle for transformation. We claim the PANA as a technology. As well as the bag, the cure, the container, the folding, the tying. Beyond being technologies, these hold the power of reinventing 43 social relations. They carry the possibility of seeing the world, and technology, from a welcoming and caring perspective. They shelter the trees from which we can see the sprouti of life, and not death. They reclaim the imagined world where violence and control are the only possibilities, and open spaces just to hold, to welcome and to shelter the weavings of life, which are multiple and infinite. LEARNING, KNOWLEDGE MOBILIZATION, NETWORKS AND OPPORTUNITIES The lessons learned through the development of the project can be seen on different fronts. One of the important lessons learned concerns the dialogical and collective care-centered way in which the project activities and meetings were developed. By understanding gender as a structuring factor in social relations, and analyzing the role of caregiving activities in modern society, we observed that developing the activities with the concern of making the role of caregiving explicit was fundamental to placing the gender issue at the center of the process. It was also important to create and strengthen both the network among the participating researchers and the one among the women from the fields and territories. Some of the researchers already knew each other, but the project was fundamental for establishing deeper bonds among them: the exchanges during the meetings for the elaboration of the project, its development and its conclusion were structuring for this strengthening, what led to exchanges that were also held in classrooms (the teacher researchers invited the other researchers on several occasions to contribute to their disciplines). Among the women in the fields, as previously mentioned, even though some of them already knew each other, as well as the researchers, the bond between them was tightened: many exchanges and reflections were held throughout the project ‒ from technologies from each one of the territories, such as recipes and know-hows (there were dialogues and exchanges on how to assemble/put on the turban, for example) to the sharing of tears and 44 words of hope and comfort amidst so many violent and unfair situations that occurred during this period in all the fields. Fig. 24: Presentation meeting of the Researchers Team (Diana Helene, Flavia Araújo and Eva Rolim - FAU/UFAL; Bruna Oliveira - FAU/UFAL; Jessica Lima - CTEC/UFAL; Amanda Azevedo NIDES/UFRJ; Kaya Lazarini - FAU/USP; and Bruna Vasconcellos - UFABC) and the Territorial Articulators Team (Gedilza Holanda da Silva Mendonça - Porto de Pedras, AL; Josiclea (Zica) Pires da Silva - Quilombo Santa Rosa dos Pretos, MA; and Sandra Regina da Silva - Serra da Misericórdia, RJ). An important new work opportunity that was provided by the project was for the Batuque team, which had the opportunity to carry out a large project, that had funding, that will be materialized (printed), and that has the participation of several agents, and is also an opportunity to exercise the development of professional relationships. As for the communication between the project team and Carleton University, this was maintained mainly through the project coordinator, Diana Helene, who played the role of concentrating the questions and information that the team had regarding the project, consulting and dialoguing with the University, and keeping the team permanently informed of the orientations and of the exchange of information. 45 6. OUTPUTS AND CAPACITY Our productions and results related to this investigation include articles, lectures and public debates in national and international academic seminars and congresses, and most of these presentations are registered in audiovisuals still available online. The main scope of these dialogues was an exchange of experiences related to practices and collective poetics, both in design research and social housing production. During these academic events, it was possible to share ancient wealth of knowledge mapped along with fisherwomen (Porto de Pedras-AL), quilombolas (Quilombo Santa Rosa dos Pretos-MA) and residents of Serra da Misericórdia (Rio de Janeiro-RJ). As for the main specific achievements in terms of capacity building, several graphic and audiovisual didactic materials were elaborated for training and education, both at undergraduate and postgraduate levels in design and architecture and urbanism. In both cases, we sought to emphasize the importance of thinking about technology as a synonym for technique, a concept created by geographer Milton Santos (2006), being technology a collection of instrumental and social means, with which humans carry out their lives, produce and, simultaneously, create space. Therefore, in addition to the theoretical framework used in this research, most of our methodological processes were presented to the academic community by including graphic materials created during the territorial diagnosis phase, mainly for preparing territorial cartographies, including the mapping of ancestral technologies found in the three fields of investigation. From the creation of tools and practices for food autonomy and self-care; to ways of living, producing and maintaining housing and/or collective equipment. The methodological and development process of this research had fundamental tools and experiences, including cartography and action-research. The latter is based on collective self-reflection amongst 46 the participants involved, in order to improve the rationality and justice of their own social and educational practices, as well as their own understanding of these practices and of situations where these practices take place. The sharing in the classroom of our field experiences and/or with the local liaison persons has sensitized students to research with (and not on) the community, considering it essential to be acquainted with the local ancestral knowledge and understanding, and in the case of the women, to understand that they relate in a different way to the space in which they live in, where respect and contact with the forest (the woods) and the waters (fresh and salt) is fundamental for the survival and perpetuation of themselves, their own communities and the planet. We are also finishing the article chapter accepted for publication (still in press) “Um ensaio sobre a urbanização capitalista como tecnologia: colonialidade, racialização e cishéteropatriarcado” (“An essay on capitalist urbanization as technology: coloniality, racialization and cishéteropatriarcate”), which uses the practices carried out in the fields of this research21 as an example of engaged technology. Master's student Amanda Azevedo, member of our research team, presented her master's qualification “Technology, work and care: technological resistances in the Serra da Misericórdia” on 12/22/2021, as part of the research carried out in this project. The dissertation is expected to be defended by the end of 2022. Doctorate's student Kaya Lazarini, member of our research team, presented his doctorate's qualification “Decolonizing Land: Collective Property in Brazil and Mexico” on 05/06/2022, as part of the research carried out in this project at the Quilombo Santa Rosa dos Pretos. The thesis is expected to be defended by the end of 2024. 21 HELENE, Diana; ALBINATI, Mariana; LAZARINI, Kaya; ANDREOTTI, Maria B. “Um ensaio sobre a urbanização capitalista como tecnologia: colonialidade, racialização e cis-hétero-patriarcado”. In: KLEBA, John et al (org.) Engenharias e outras práticas técnicas engajadas - Volume 3: Diálogos interdisciplinares e decoloniais. João Pessoa: Editora da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, 2022. 47 Finally, our undergraduate student Bruna Oliveira, who is a scholarship graduation student of the team, based in Alagoas, one of our search fields, will present her parcial paper on the theme "Weaving Nets and Resistance: Analysis of urban living conditions of fisherwomen at Colony Z-25 in Porto de Pedras-AL", as an extension part of the research. Regarding the development of political/practical influence, it is worth mentioning the closer partnership between the Faculty of Architecture and Urbanism of the Federal University of Alagoas and the Colony Z-25 in Porto de Pedras-AL, in the struggle for access to and permanence in the sandbanks, constantly threatened by predatory tourism, and already demarcated by the Superintendence of Heritage of the Union in Alagoas (SPU-AL), for the perpetuation of artisanal fishing in the municipality. Based on this investigation, it was possible to establish a direct dialogue with the mayor of the municipality of Porto de Pedras, who attended the meeting for the presentation of architectural projects and a budget for collective equipment for the fishing community, prepared by the FAU-UFAL to meet the demands of the Colony. These projects were drawn up together with the leaders of the Colony, considering sustainability and the ancestral knowledge of ways of inhabiting the waters. Also in response to the local fisherwomen's demands, FAU-UFAL, through the voluntary work of a design student, supervised by professor Flávia Araújo, elaborated an audiovisual material for the dissemination of the "Mariostras Association'', a specific organization of oyster fisherwomen from Porto de Pedras, whose president is Gedilza Holanda, our local organizer. Besides valuing the work of these women, this video also had the purpose to raise awareness of international financing and, for this reason, it was prepared with the insertion of English subtitles. Through the partnership with the Technical Solidarity Center of the Federal University of Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) and the activities developed at the Integration Center of Serra da Misericórdia (CEM) ‒ such as productive 48 backyards, an agroecology school, soap production workshops, family health care ‒ the women of Serra da Misericórdia have strengthened their solidarity networks. They have also come to rely on more support for community health, such as the partnerships with the Oswaldo Cruz Foundation ‒ FIOCRUZ, Latin America's most outstanding institution for health, science and technology ‒ local care programs (family health clinic), and in the field of agroecology. Finally, it is worth mentioning that in the case of the Quilombo de Santa Rosa dos Pretos in Maranhão, the self-management is very strong, so the networks created by the women are independent of the implementation of this project. DISSEMINATION PRODUCTION: Academic article “Indisciplina Epistemológica: Viradas metodológicas para o campo da Arquitetura e Urbanismo” ("Epistemic Indiscipline: methodologic turns in Architecture and Urbanism”) AUTHOR: Diana Helene (FAU/Ufal) SCIENTIFIC MAGAZINE: Indisciplinar: https://periodicos.ufmg.br/index.php/indisciplinar/index DATE: 2021-12-31 available at: https://periodicos.ufmg.br/index.php/indisciplinar/article/view/38147/29762 PRODUCTION: Online paper “Por uma cidade bolsa” (“For a bag city”) AUTHOR: Diana Helene (FAU/Ufal) BLOG: FEMINISMURBANA: https://feminismurbana.wordpress.com/ DATE: 2022-02-02 avaliable at: https://feminismurbana.wordpress.com/2022/02/02/por-uma-cidade-bolsa/ PRODUCTION: Article chapter (still in press) “Um ensaio sobre a urbanização capitalista como tecnologia: colonialidade, racialização e cishéteropatriarcado” (“An essay on capitalist urbanization as technology: coloniality, racialization and cishéteropatriarcate”) AUTHOR: Diana Helene (FAU/Ufal) and Kaya Lazarini (USP) BOOK: KLEBA, John et al (org.) Engenharias e outras práticas técnicas engajadas Volume 3: Diálogos interdisciplinares e decoloniais. João Pessoa: Editora da Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, 2022 DATE: Preview 2022-07 PRODUCTION: Oral presentation about the project - table theme “Collective practices for the production of social housing and Latin American experiences” 49 AUTHOR: Kaya Lazarini (USP) EVENT: Seminar “Collective Practices for the Production of Social Housing”, organized by Usina CTAH in partnership with CAU/SP DATE: 2021-09-12, available at: https://youtu.be/9MiZtdnuuDg PRODUCTION: Oral presentation about the project - table “Collective practices for the production of social housing and Latin American experiences” AUTHOR: Diana Helene (UFAL) EVENT: Seminar “Collective Practices for the Production of Social Housing”, organized by Usina CTAH in partnership with CAU/SP DATE: 2021-08-12, available at: https://youtu.be/UJOcHiqdI_w PRODUCTION: Oral presentation about the project - table theme: “Design and technology - blurring the boundaries between academic knowledge and ancestral knowledge” AUTHOR: Eva Rolim Miranda (UFAL) e César Baio (UNICAMP) EVENT: 3° Colóquio de Pesquisa em Design / (De)futuring Design - Practices and Poiesis. DATE: 2021-02-11, available at: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iTYPdQUuN4U PRODUCTION: Oral presentation about the project - table theme: Cenário atual do Design Gráfico e perspectivas futuras, 2022 (Current scenario of Graphic Design and future perspectives) AUTHOR: Eva Rolim Miranda (UFAL), Solange Galvão Coutinho (UFPE) e Isabella Aragão (UFPE) EVENT: Terças de Design DATE: 2022-03-29, available at https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SZ_RbaeW7YM&t=2s PRODUCTION: Didactic material for the class LANDSCAPE PROJECT I, about our methodology as an example for students in the landscape diagnosis. Graduation course in architecture and urbanism, FAU/UFAL AUTHOR: Diana Helene and Flavia Araújo (FAU/UFAL) EVENT: Class LANDSCAPE PROJECT I DATE: 2021-12-01 PRODUCTION: Oral presentation “Autonomia e emancipação: as mulheres e a luta por moradia” ("Autonomy and emancipation: women and the struggle for housing") at the table “Gênero e Habitação” (”Gender and Housing”). AUTHOR: Kaya Lazarini (USP) EVENT: “Encontro da Cidade”, held in person in Belém/PA. DATE: 2022-06-23 and 24 PRODUCTION: Undergraduate final work: "Weaving Nets and Resistance: Analysis of urban living conditions of fisherwomen at Colony Z-25 in Porto de Pedras-AL" AUTHOR: Bruna Oliveira (FAU/UFAL) 50 EVENT: Presentation of the Final Undergraduate Work in Architecture and Urbanism - FAU/UFAL DATE: Preview on July, 2022 PRODUCTION: Doctorate's qualification “Decolonizing Land: Collective Property in Brazil and Mexico” AUTHOR: Kaya Lazarini (USP) EVENT: Doctorate's qualification presentation on Hábitat in the Postgraduate Program in Architecture and Urbanism at FAU (Faculdade de Arquitetura e Urbanismo) of Universidade de São Paulo (USP) DATE: 2022-05-06 PRODUCTION: Master's qualification “Technology, work and care: technological resistances in the Serra da Misericórdia” AUTHOR: Amanda Azevedo EVENT: Master's qualification presentation on Social Technology in the Master’s Program in Technology for Social Development of the Núcleo Interdisciplinar para o Desenvolvimento Social (NIDES) of Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ) DATE: 2021-12-22 PRODUCTION: Elaboration of audiovisual material of the Associação de Pescadoras de Ostras - Mariostras AUTHOR: Lis Sarmento and Flavia Araújo EVENT: Dissemination material for fundraising DATE: 2021-08, available at: https://youtu.be/5Lahggu9l6I PRODUCTION: Preparation of Architectural Projects accompanied by budget for the construction of support centers for fishing in the Colônia Z-25 AUTHOR: Beco - Escritório Modelo de Arquitetura e Urbanismo da FAU-UFAL, under the guidance of Diana Helene and Flávia Araújo. EVENT: Partnership of Beco (FAU-UFAL) with Colônia Z-25 (Porto de Pedras-AL). DATE: 2021-08 RESEARCH In the research reports carried out in the undergraduate and postgraduate levels mentioned above, in addition to the partial reports ‒ and this final one ‒ prepared within the context of this project, we pointed out and broadly defined the technologies mapped in the three territories comprising this research, including social processes. As previously mentioned, these are ancestral technologies developed mainly by women, 51 with regards to the creation of tools and practices for self-care, including food autonomy, ways of living, producing and maintaining housing and/or collective equipment. The pana contains all of that materialized. Regarding the milestones achieved in the construction of knowledge and networks, we can state that this project was a pioneer in the dialogue between three such diverse and physically distant fields of research. Connecting the exchange of knowledge between a quilombo in Maranhão, a fisherwomen's colony in Alagoas and a community of women living in the favelas of Rio de Janeiro was a feat made possible, above all, by the networks of affections, knowledge and experiences already built up over the academic trajectories of the researchers involved. The partnership between the institutions and universities involved in the development of this thematic of gender and design is also unprecedented. Besides narrowing the affective networks woven between researchers and local articulators, it tends to establish a new phase of academic production, attentive to questions of gender, race, class and sexuality, and sensitive to the very place of speech, which prioritizes listening, produces affections and places the body itself as the main instrument for the apprehension of knowledge. CAPACITY BUILDING Concerning capacity building, it is important to note that we exchanged knowledge with all the women who took part in this research, among academics and between them and the local liaison officers, all together, during the different stages of the research: whether in the explanation of our theoretical and methodological references or in the preparation of our final product. At the end of each meeting, there was unanimous joy at sharing an immeasurable wealth of knowledge exchanged. The horizontal relationship between academics and interlocutors was particularly noteworthy, to the extent that the latter often presented lessons on the 52 lives and worldviews of forest peoples, which are invaluable for thinking about the future of cities on our planet. On many occasions, the researchers even rescheduled the group's meetings so as to allow more time for listening to the quilombola, fisherwomen and women from Serra’s community. POLICY AND PRACTICE As previously mentioned, the products, documents and academic records produced by the researchers involved, within the context of the undergraduate and postgraduate studies, point to recommendations in the fields of urban planning, civil engineering, design, architecture and urbanism that value the worldviews, ancestral knowledge and ways of inhabiting, building and living shared by the female inhabitants of the three fields of investigation of this project. Furthermore, in times of attacks to the environment and human rights in the country, in which the most vulnerable are the most impacted, the dialogue established with public authorities and/or local institutions has strengthened the processes of resistance and permanence of traditional communities in their ancestral territories. 53 7. OVERALL ASSESSMENT AND RECOMMENDATION We evaluate that one of the main contributions of the programme activities to the project was the possibility of exchanging and sharing information with other projects around the world and especially in Latin America. The presentations and exchanges on how such projects were dealing with both the challenges and the development of methodologies were an important source of inspiration for the team. However, as we mentioned before, we evaluate that there was still a limit to strengthening the articulations with the other projects. Perhaps more spaces for exchange, or different formats could have helped. In any case, it seems to us that the impossibility of face-to-face meetings between the projects was certainly a significant loss, considering that they would be important spaces for strengthening these networks between the universities. To strengthen these networks would be of vital importance especially considering the relevance of the Program for a worldwide legitimisation of research that inhabits the margins, the borders, and of what is recognised as relevant research themes. In this sense, we evaluate that the programme has a very important role in funding and thus giving space and opportunity to the research processes being carried out in the territories of the South, as we acknowledge how important international recognition is for the development of science and technology. Therefore, it seems to us that by strengthening the links and connections between the universities participating in the programme, it would further be possible to boost the objective of making these research processes more visible and give more tonus to the relationships between universities in the South, as a political bet for a more autonomous construction of knowledge in these territories. Thus, we emphasize that what seems central to us is to find mechanisms within the programme to 54 increase the investment in the spaces for articulation and interaction between the participating universities. Having taken part in the LABS, in turn, introduced us to MIRO as a key platform that helped us throughout the project, not only for the methodological elaboration and the research process, but also as an instrument for conducting online workshops in the fields. It has also been incorporated by many of us in our research and academic work. On the other hand, the execution of a series of LABS at the very beginning of the projects' implementation process, when many of them still lacked resources and were adapting to the pandemic scenario, seemed disproportionate to the moment, especially considering the demand generated by producing extensive materials, which in several times made the research team have to shift its attention from urgent local issues to making the project viable. We evaluate that the amount of demand of the program and contents of the projects should be better thought out for future editions, or even the tools through which this is done. Some of the talks and the sharing brought by people from other projects during the LABS also seemed very interesting to us. However, on the other hand, we have not had experiences which significantly contributed to the development of the project with the experts brought in particularly for it. We think it would be important to rethink the way these experts are appointed. The local support offered by the Programme, especially by the regional expert, helped us at various moments, having responded to our demands, and always maintaining open dialogue channels with the team, especially with the project coordinator. The international coordinators also responded with a certain speed to our consultations, and helped us as much as possible with the bureaucratic issues, although their links with the realization of the project were not so close. 55 Moreover, as we have mentioned throughout this report, the bureaucratic management process of the project generated an enormous demand of work, much greater than we could have initially foreseen. The permanent mismatch of information between the parties involved, Fundepes' difficulties in responding promptly to demands, as well as the frequent need to fill in forms and the constant exchanges to resolve bureaucracy, generated enormous wear and tear, above all for the project coordinator. Through our experience, we evaluate that it would be important to have more resources destined to the administrative-financial management of the projects, and that this should be previously indicated by the Programme. Finally, we believe that allocating more resources to enable us to be present in the different territories and to promote meetings between them would have significantly benefited the development of the project. The women in the different territories often brought to our meetings the desire that they could meet us in person in their own communities. And we know that this would certainly have strengthened their ties, as well as those of the research team with the territories, leaving more lasting marks of the project in the places of its execution. 56 8. CONCLUSION A long journey has been taken since the initial efforts of this project. Its first drafts were made at the beginning of 2019 and only now, June 2022, are we closing part of this process. Many changes have occurred since then, both in the organization of our research team and in political, economic, social and health terms around the world. Throughout this report we have made an effort to systematize our initial intentions, the changes that have been made along our journey and the reasons behind them, as well as the main outcomes, outputs and products generated. The project’s initial goals and concerns were to rethink the construction site in self-built constructions by participatory processes of architectural design and construction, alongside with people engaged in popular groups and social movements composed mainly by women. The main idea was to create a participatory design process with these women, in order to deconstruct the barriers created by sexual division of labor, especially regarding constructive activities, which are primarily performed by men. These women, mostly low-income, heads of households and non-whites would benefit from collectively creating another way of thinking about housing construction within the project activities. From this outset, the methodological proposal was to elaborate participatory design processes with a gender perspective that would cross all the processes involved. The women who would be involved in the research process were redefined and new territories were included in the project. We ended up with three groups in different parts of the country: a quilombo, in Maranhão, which was building a communitary kitchen; a group of women in the periphery of Rio de Janeiro working with communitary networks to support collective production sites in order to face the pandemics; and a group of fisherwomen, in Alagoas. Therefore, the initial objectives of the project were redesigned, not only due to the pandemic scenario and difficulties in receiving resources, but also due to the participatory processes being built with the women 57 themselves. The methodologies developed meant that each one of the meetings redefined the proposals and theories initially drawn up. It was somewhat surprising to the research team how we managed to methodologically rework the project, even at a distance, and having to use online working tools to develop the project with the territories. The cartography workshops as a form of diagnosis proved to be a central instrument in the project's development as they allowed us not only to create an extremely enriching space for exchange between the women from the different territories, but also to carry out a vast survey of ancestral technologies produced and used in their own localities. The cartography results represented a milestone in the research process, since they significantly changed our final product, as well as our initial conception of which technologies should be included in the manual. This led us, from a theoretical perspective, to rethink even the concept of technology on which we were basing our work. The initial focus on construction and housing was broadened, "care" emerged with great centrality as an articulating axis of technologies, and the format of a manual was then completely redefined. From a gendered perspective, the project, supported by participative methodologies through which the women involved were able to effectively redefine the established routes, led to the construction of a final product totally different from what had been initially planned. Not only different, but also surprising and symbolic ‒ in the sense that it is the materialized fruit of a deeply collectivized construction. Thus, the pana ‒ as a technology developed throughout the research process ‒ materializes a participatory design process with a gendered perspective, which contains within itself a set of ancestral technologies that inhabit the different territories where the project was developed. The pana carries form, content and structures that were collectively elaborated, opening paths not only for the recognition and legitimisation 58 of the technologies of these territories, but also for their dissemination as a feminist carrier bag elaborated by them all. The pana has also pushed us to rethink our own androcentric notions about what technology is, by crossing these with gender and care, and inviting us to rethink our imagination about what we see as technological. The way its design was made instigates us to rethink participatory methodologies from a feminist perspective that has the ethics of care as one of its central priorities. However, while we may recognise its value as a technology, we have no intention of this pana being replicated in other situations/territories without due care. This means that the technology elaborated in this process is a situated technology ‒ territorially and conjuncturally ‒ mainly because we believe that most of the theoretical and reflective accumulation of a project like this is the process itself of research, reflection and collective construction. This product, which is currently in its final gestation process, gives materiality to the main results of this project. Although the process of building the pana has already borne significant fruit, we still don't know what consequences of bringing this creation into the world there will be, but we trust it may serve as inspiration for many women's actions in this common territory, as well as for people involved in rethinking design from a gendered perspective. 59 9. REFERENCES AKOTIRENE, CARLA. (2018). O que é interseccionalidade? Belo Horizonte: Letramento: Justificando. ALFONSIN, BETÂNIA DE MORAES. (2006) Cidade para todos/cidade para todas – vendo a cidade através do olhar das mulheres. In Edésio Fernandes and Betânia Alfonsin (Ed.), Direito urbanístico – estudos brasileiros e internacionais. Belo Horizonte: Editora Del Rey. ALVES, ANA ELIZABETH SANTOS. (2013). Divisão sexual do trabalho: a separação da produção do espaço reprodutivo da família. Trabalho, educação e saúde, 11(2), 271-289, doi: 10.1590/S1981-77462013000200002. AGREST, DIANA. (2006). À margem da arquitetura: corpo, lógica e sexo. In Kate Nesbit (Ed.) Uma nova agenda para a arquitetura. Antologia teórica (1965-1995). São Paulo: Cosac Naify. ANDRADE, LUCIANA. (2013). Reverso de um espetáculo urbano: desafios e perspectivas para uma arquitetura habitacional popular. Rio de Janeiro: Casa 8. ARANTES, PEDRO FIORI. (2002). Arquitetura nova: Sérgio Ferro, Flávio Império e Rodrigo Lefèbvre – de Artigas aos mutirões. São Paulo: Editora 34. FAHHAM, MARIA PIA. (2017). O mutirão de autogestão pela perspectiva da mulher. 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Readings in planning theory (445-450) Malden/Mass: Blackwell Publishers. 61 RISLER, JULIA & ARES, PABLO. Manual de mapeo colectivo: recursos cartográficos críticos para procesos territoriales de creación colaborativa /Julia Risler y Pablo Ares. - 1a ed. - Buenos Aires : Tinta Limón, 2013: https://geoactivismo.org/wp-content/uploads/2015/11/Manual_de_mapeo_2013.pdf ROLNIK, RAQUEL, SANTOS, JOYCE; PIRES, MARIANA & IACOVINI, RODRIGO FARIA GONÇALVES. (2011). Como fazer valer o direito das mulheres à moradia? Relatoria Especial da ONU para o Direito à Moradia Adequada. Retrieved from: http://www.labcidade.fau.usp.br/download/PDF/2011_ONU_Direito_das_Mulheres_a_ Moradia.pdf SANDER, ELIZABETH B.–N. Perspectives on participation in design. In: Wer gestaltet die Gestaltung?. transcript Verlag, 2014. p. 65-78. SAFFIOTTI, HELEIETH. (1979). A Mulher na Sociedade de Classes: Mito e Realidade. Petrópolis: Vozes. SCOTT, JOAN. (1988). Gênero: uma categoria útil de análise histórica. Educação e Realidade, 16(2), 5-22. SILVA, JOSELI MARIA. (2003). Um ensaio sobre a potencialidade do uso do conceito de gênero na análise geográfica. Revista de História Regional, 8 (1), 31-45. SHIVA, VANDANA. (1995). Abrazar la vida: Mujer, ecología y desarrollo. Madrid: Horas y Horas. SHIVA, VANDANA. (1988). Staying Alive: Women, Ecology and Survival in India. London: Zed Books. 62 10. APPENDIX LIST OF APPENDIX a. Methodological Board b. Project’s Timeline c. Collective Cartography Methodology d. Presentation of Manual’s Initial Proposal e. Presentation of the Feminist Technological Carrier-bag f. Pana’s Design Process and Phases g. Final Pana’s Design (Portuguese Version) 63 a. Methodological Board 64 b. Project’s Timeline 65 c. Collective Cartography Methodology - Participatory Diagnosis Planning: Creating The Cartography Workshops The proposal was to carry out a collective diagnosis along two main lines. The first one introduces the theme of gender, and reflects on the political and social organization of women's collectives, as well as on their individual experiences based on this key. The main idea, at this moment, is to get to know each one of the women, their histories, experiences, abilities, needs, as well as jointly recovering the history of the political organization of the community and women. It is also essential to understand the political articulations that permeate the organization of women at this first moment. In a second axis, attention turns to thinking about the economic and structural conditions that make up the community scenario, and the place where the collective organization of women is inserted. Thus, the idea is to carry out a first diagnosis to understand local economic conditions and the experience of women with work (productive/reproductive), by critically thinking about the challenges to achieving economic autonomy, and to go deeper into an understanding of the territory, taking a close look at its availability (in terms of materials, relationships, techniques) and deficiencies, with a special focus on the technologies and production mechanisms available, and the appropriation of these resources by women. Gender will be a transversal element throughout the process. The proposal is to think about all the lines from a gender perspective. That is, the gathering of information and the entire training process will be guided by the experience of women and their collective organizations, and the horizon is to act taking into account how to implement the potential of the territory, and the technologies ‒ available and possible ‒ to boost the autonomy, and the economic and productive capacity of women. The proposal was worked on in two moments. Initially, we would perform an online activity, including women from the three participating territories. The objective of this activity was above all to exchange experience. In a second moment, the proposal was for the diagnosis to be made in each territory, with the help of those responsible for each one of them, and of the territorial scholarship. Finally, the idea was to hold an online meeting with all fields again, which has not happened yet, as one of the fields (Porto de Pedras - Alagoas) has 66 not been able yet to carry out the planned in-person activity. The proposal is for this to be a space for further training on the subject, now based on all the work already done by the local teams, and on the final systematization of the diagnosis. It should be noted that for the proper functioning of the collective systematization process, it is important that the diagnosis of each field is well organized/systematized. For this, we developed a set of pictograms that could streamline the mapping and the common systematization between the three locations, composed of similar pictograms to represent similar spaces in these different communities. Set of pictograms - private housing, roads and streets, schools, squares, individual or collective kitchens, vegetable garden, storage space for work materials, patios. Set of pictograms for meeting points, food purchase places, medical assistance, health clinic and hospitals, sports court. Set of pictograms for running water, electricity and gas. Set of pictograms for clay, wood, vine, bamboo and local water sources. Set of pictograms for entering and leaving the territory, access to transportation, bus, car, bicycle, train/metro. 67 Pictogram Sheet for final printing. In this way we elaborated the construction of a map of the territory in two activities. The dynamics of the activity to contemplate the individual axis consisted of each participant making a map using the printed pictograms created especially for this. The instructions were that they should retrace their daily journey through the territory, identifying the territory's resources (natural, infrastructure, etc.), and then present it to the group. On the second moment, the materials made available were the same, and the objective was to confront the visions that each one had of the same space, by providing moments of discussions about the individual and collective visions of the territory, carried out in a collaborative and collective way. Debating their workday in the territory was also a method found to discuss gender issues and how such tasks relate to the different daily commuting between men and women. - Planning First Encounter to present the Proposal of Diagnosis to all Territories (Online) The meeting lasts two hours, starting at 2pm and finishing at 4pm, with the following schedule: 68 Presentation of each participant; Project presentation; Project key milestone; Diagnosis activity: A theoretical and imagetic basis was presented, in order to raise questions that involve the common knowledge and practice of civil construction activities, such as the presence and consequence of man in these activities and what impacts this culture causes, as well as international examples where this role is exclusive to women, like some women in India. The idea is to reflect and talk, even by distance, about each one's knowledge and territories. How do we organize the territory? Who builds things up? Where are they arranged? Is this collective or individual? Have you ever built anything? Have you built together or separately? If so, how is that done? Do we want to know how construction enters our lives? And after that, each one of the field articulators talked about their experience. Activity closure: Each of the participants speaks in one sentence about the result of the day, how they are leaving the meeting and it ends with a reading of a poem by poet and activist Ana Montenegro. - Planning of Cartography Workshops (Presentially in Territories) The workshop should be held in the three different territories according to the organizational criteria below, in order to guarantee a unity between them and a good synthesis between the three. We also prepared a “Research Consent Form Script” (Termo de Consentimento Livre e Esclarecido) for all workshop field participants. Cartography Workshop Planning DURATION: 2 hours REQUIRED MATERIAL: a snack (coffee, water, donuts, cups, napkins); Disposable masks; magic markers; marker or colored pencils; scissors; adhesive tape/double-sided or stick glue (to fix the icons); A3 bond sheets; printed site map or white cardstock; pictogram sheet printed. GOALS: To foster the collective understanding of the division of labor in the community, the different tasks performed, and the interrelationship between them, based on the territory geography and workspace organization. The workshop consists of drawing/mapping the activities of a typical day in the life of each woman in the group, and critically reflecting upon the spaces used to carry out these tasks and their organization. 69 Systematization (charged smartphone, and memory card): Photograph the different stages and activities, including people. Take photos of the space, the participants, and the process; Film (preferably) or record in audio, and/or list someone to take the minutes of the meeting; Record audio or video of each participant explaining their maps; At the end, take pictures of the participants with their individual maps; Take the productions to scan at 300 dpi and then return them to the group. Elements of Systematization Standardization in all Territories Map - Size A1 photo printed area (to be photographed later) Local key technologies to be observed in the territory: houses, public roads, constructions for collective use (school, square, market, community spaces, kitchen, vegetable garden, materials shed), natural resources (wood, clay, water source, bamboo, vine, etc); Printed Icons: territorial technologies and resources to be mapped (water, electricity, gas, building materials, roads, entrances and exits, access to transportation) Stage 1 (Arrival) - 15 minutes Presentation Wheel (project and group); Explain the activity (what is cartography and what is its purpose) and all the steps to the group. Step 2 (Individual Map) - 15 minutes Distribute the bond sheets for each woman to make their individual drawing representing what are the shifts they make to carry out the daily tasks performed in one day. It is important to put on the map: place of residence and the location of the project (community activities). The design must answer the questions: Where do I live? Do I work? Where can I find the community/association? Where do the activities I need to accomplish throughout my day happen, and how do I displace between those activities? 70 Step 3 (Sharing the drawings) - 30 minutes Each one shows its map to the collective and explains its representations. This is a moment just for sharing and reflection, it is not necessary to elaborate a collective synthesis. During the debate, the mediation should note and highlight the territorial relations between housing/public/private work, reproductive/productive tasks (perceiving the work of each one in the collective). It is important to pay attention to the differences in task elaboration and the paths/spaces to accomplish them by different people, as well as the different functions performed in the collective. What are collective spaces? Common paths bring dimensions of conflict or difficulty? What are the paths of care/reproduction? Pay attention to workspaces (production and reproduction), training, leisure and entertainment. Stage 4 (Preparation of the Synthesis Map | Collective Cartography) - 30 minutes Create together a Synthesis Map from the individual maps. The idea is to bring a printed map (a photograph of the area) and the previously printed icons/symbols to be used. If this is not possible, the team should provide cardboards (blank A3 sheets) and draw collectively. At this moment, the role of the mediation is to contribute to the elaboration of this cartography. The objective of this step is to concretely visualize the relationship between territory and technology; to highlight common paths and activities, spaces for gathering flows and activities (school, square, market, etc.). Important to highlight/map: All the jobs/activities that are done on a daily basis to sustain life. They should include work that is not done by them – taking into account generational, gender, race and sexuality issues; local technologies: houses, public roads, constructions for collective use (school, square, market, community space, kitchen, vegetable garden, material shed, etc.); Natural resources in the territory (water, electricity, gas, construction materials [wood, clay, bamboo, vine, etc], roads, entrances and exits, access to transport). Closing - 30 minutes Make a collective assessment of the activity: map reading, highlighting the different tasks performed, who performs each one, the organization of space, the flow of materials and people, gender issues, resources, local technologies and other points that may appear. It is important to collectively raise the problems encountered and their relationship between territory, gender and technology. Elicit the contribution of each one from the activity. Encourage everyone to make their comments. 71 d. Presentation of Manual’s Initial Proposal 72 73 74 75 76 77 e. Presentation of the Feminist Technological Carrier-bag 78 79 80 81 82 f. Pana’s Design Process and Phases 83 g. Final Pana’s Design (Portuguese Version) 84 11. AFTERWORD - October 2022 When this final report was written, the project and the design of the PANA had been recently finalized. Now, a few months after its completion, we have written this afterword to tell you that PANA has been printed on a 1.40m x 1.40m fabric and we are designing the kits that we discussed and thought about with each of the women in the territories after the project activities. The kit is, therefore, a mixture of technologies, parts of each of the territories, representing the collective work that the project has created. Thus, each kit is assembled inside a box made by the team, and contains: a PANA, a personalized pencil with a conch and coriander seeds, a PANA in booklet format, a sheet of stickers with drawings of the territories, and three packages representing each of the territories with part of their technologies, namely, dried coconut shavings, pink pepper seeds, and seeds of anise, dried lemon, and cinnamon sticks. The kits were entirely elaborated by the project team in Maceió, Alagoas, designing, cutting, folding and gluing the boxes, preparing each of the packages with the seeds, printing, cutting and assembling each of the booklets, printing and cutting the stickers. After the process of producing the kits, we are now sending each one of them to the women in the fields, to the researchers and funding headquarters in Canada, to the participating researchers who are in several states in Brazil, and to researchers and academics in the area in order to contribute to the feminist debate and the permanent construction of another technology, from other roots. 85 12. ANNEX LIST OF ANNEXES a. Financial Reporting Spreadsheet - ID 88 (doc name: “Financial Reporting Spreadsheet - ID 88.xlsx”) b. Expenses Receipts - ID 88 (onedrive link: https://fauufalbr-my.sharepoint.com/personal/mayara_silva_fau_ufal_br/_layo uts/15/onedrive.aspx?id=%2Fpersonal%2Fmayara%5Fsilva%5Ffau%5Fufal%5F br%2FDocuments%2FUFAL%2FGDS%2FInvoice%5FReceipt%20no&ga=1) 86