Papers by Michael A Etnier
The 81st Annual Meeting of the Society for American Archaeology, 2017
Arctic Anthropology, May 1, 2023
Marine ornithology, Apr 15, 2009
Marine Policy
The negative impact of lost (or derelict) gillnets on marine species and habitats has been report... more The negative impact of lost (or derelict) gillnets on marine species and habitats has been reported for decades in the U.S. portion of the Salish Sea. Impacts of derelict nets are recognized as stressors to taxa listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA), including rockfish and marbled murrelet. This study reports results from a concerted effort to remove derelict nets from the marine environment conducted using diver retrieval methods from 2002 through 2021. Also reported are results from a Reporting, Response, and Retrieval (RRR) Program designed to retrieve newly lost nets that was implemented in 2012. A total of 5638 unique derelict nets or portions of nets was removed. Nets measured a total of 11.6 km 2. The majority of nets were recovered from habitats of boulders on sand/mud/gravel, followed by low-relief rocky substrate, and high-relief rocky substrate. Age, water depth, and suspension in the water column are reported for all nets removed. A total of 126,308 individual species impacts representing 119 unique species were documented including commercially and recreationally harvested species. The RRR Program has received 124 reports since 2012 and has proved effective at reducing re-accumulation and long-term species and habitat impacts from lost fishing nets. Recommendations to increase its effectiveness include continued outreach to fishers to encourage compliance with the mandated reporting coupled with increased penalties for not reporting. Systematic retrieval of derelict nets coupled with a program to rapidly retrieve newly lost nets could serve as a model for other coastal net fisheries.
Raw data for the KTZ-00323, [Cape Espenberg] vertebrate fauna dataset obtained from the Neotoma P... more Raw data for the KTZ-00323, [Cape Espenberg] vertebrate fauna dataset obtained from the Neotoma Paleoecology Database.
The Anatomical Record, 2021
We evaluated coxofemoral joints from museum specimens of: Vulpes lagopus; Vulpes vulpes; Vulpes v... more We evaluated coxofemoral joints from museum specimens of: Vulpes lagopus; Vulpes vulpes; Vulpes velox; Nyctereutes procyonoides; Urocyon cinereoargenteus; Aenocyon [Canis] dirus; Canis latrans; Canis lupus lupus; Canis lupus familiaris; C. l. familiaris × latrans; and Canis dingo. Acetabular components included: fossa; articular surface; medial and lateral articular margins; and periarticular surfaces. Acetabular components variably revealed: osteophyte‐like features; varying appearance of articular margin rims (especially contour changes); rough bone surfaces (especially fossa and articular surface); and surface wear. Proximal femoral components included: articular surface; articular margin; periarticular surfaces; and joint capsule attachment. Femoral components variably revealed: rough bone surface; bone loss; articular margin osteophyte‐like features; caudal post‐developmental mineralized prominence; and enthesophytes along the joint capsule attachment. Non‐metric multidimension...
Marine Policy, 2022
The negative impact of lost (or derelict) gillnets on marine species and habitats has been report... more The negative impact of lost (or derelict) gillnets on marine species and habitats has been reported for decades in the U.S. portion of the Salish Sea. Impacts of derelict nets are recognized as stressors to taxa listed under the U.S. Endangered Species Act (ESA), including rockfish and marbled murrelet. This study reports results from a concerted effort to remove derelict nets from the marine environment conducted using diver retrieval methods from 2002 through 2021. Also reported are results from a Reporting, Response, and Retrieval (RRR) Program designed to retrieve newly lost nets that was implemented in 2012. A total of 5638 unique derelict nets or portions of nets was removed. Nets measured a total of 11.6 km 2. The majority of nets were recovered from habitats of boulders on sand/mud/gravel, followed by low-relief rocky substrate, and high-relief rocky substrate. Age, water depth, and suspension in the water column are reported for all nets removed. A total of 126,308 individual species impacts representing 119 unique species were documented including commercially and recreationally harvested species. The RRR Program has received 124 reports since 2012 and has proved effective at reducing re-accumulation and long-term species and habitat impacts from lost fishing nets. Recommendations to increase its effectiveness include continued outreach to fishers to encourage compliance with the mandated reporting coupled with increased penalties for not reporting. Systematic retrieval of derelict nets coupled with a program to rapidly retrieve newly lost nets could serve as a model for other coastal net fisheries.
ABSTRACTWe evaluated subtle-to-incipient pathology traits in coxofemoral joints from dry bone mus... more ABSTRACTWe evaluated subtle-to-incipient pathology traits in coxofemoral joints from dry bone museum specimens of: Vulpes lagopus; Vulpes; Nyctereutes procyonoides; Urocyon cinereoargenteus; Canis lupus familiaris; and Canis latrans. Multiple intra-articular structures were evaluated on acetabula and proximal femora. Primary observations included multifocal, variable osteophytelike formations; osteophyte-like rimming of articular margins and femoral head (ligamentum teres attachment); and rough or worn bone. Within limitations on valid statistical applications, we observed little difference among the high trait frequencies across taxa, aligning with previous morphological observations.Additionally, for this study, we evaluated the known history of the taxa, from deep time to the present, to consider our data in a phylogenetic context. Potential introgression over the evolution of Canidae, along with early history of the canid genome, likely supported broad and deep conservation of p...
ABSTRACTWe evaluated subtle-to-incipient pathology traits in coxofemoral joints from dry bone mus... more ABSTRACTWe evaluated subtle-to-incipient pathology traits in coxofemoral joints from dry bone museum specimens of: Vulpes lagopus; Vulpes; Nyctereutes procyonoides; Urocyon cinereoargenteus; Canis lupus familiaris; and Canis latrans. Multiple intra-articular structures were evaluated on acetabula and proximal femora. Primary observations included multifocal, variable osteophytelike formations; osteophyte-like rimming of articular margins and femoral head (ligamentum teres attachment); and rough or worn bone. Within limitations on valid statistical applications, we observed little difference among the high trait frequencies across taxa, aligning with previous morphological observations.Additionally, for this study, we evaluated the known history of the taxa, from deep time to the present, to consider our data in a phylogenetic context. Potential introgression over the evolution of Canidae, along with early history of the canid genome, likely supported broad and deep conservation of p...
Raw data for the Hahanudan Lake (RkIk-4), [MLZ-00012] vertebrate fauna dataset obtained from the ... more Raw data for the Hahanudan Lake (RkIk-4), [MLZ-00012] vertebrate fauna dataset obtained from the Neotoma Paleoecology Database.
Raw data for the Hahanudan Lake (RkIk-5), [MLZ-00013], [Two House Site] vertebrate fauna dataset ... more Raw data for the Hahanudan Lake (RkIk-5), [MLZ-00013], [Two House Site] vertebrate fauna dataset obtained from the Neotoma Paleoecology Database.
Raw data for the KTZ-00350, [Cape Espenberg] vertebrate fauna dataset obtained from the Neotoma P... more Raw data for the KTZ-00350, [Cape Espenberg] vertebrate fauna dataset obtained from the Neotoma Paleoecology Database.
Raw data for the NOB-00023, [F-22849], [BLM-04-BER] vertebrate fauna dataset obtained from the Ne... more Raw data for the NOB-00023, [F-22849], [BLM-04-BER] vertebrate fauna dataset obtained from the Neotoma Paleoecology Database.
Raw data for the BEN-060, [BEN-00060], [Anningnuq], [An-Ning-Nug] vertebrate fauna dataset obtain... more Raw data for the BEN-060, [BEN-00060], [Anningnuq], [An-Ning-Nug] vertebrate fauna dataset obtained from the Neotoma Paleoecology Database.
Raw data for the NOB-00036, [Bag'te Reindeer Cabin], [Christmas Creek Herder's Cabin], [B... more Raw data for the NOB-00036, [Bag'te Reindeer Cabin], [Christmas Creek Herder's Cabin], [BLM-78-BER], [F-21914A] vertebrate fauna dataset obtained from the Neotoma Paleoecology Database.
Raw data for the BEN-062, [BEN-00062], [Omilak] vertebrate fauna dataset obtained from the Neotom... more Raw data for the BEN-062, [BEN-00062], [Omilak] vertebrate fauna dataset obtained from the Neotoma Paleoecology Database.
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Papers by Michael A Etnier