Arquitectura

Introduction
Pedro Leão Neto

This 3rd number of Sophia1 from the series Crossing Borders, Shifting Boundaries, with the theme “Image, Body and Territory”, has as invited Editor Iñaki Bergera, who is an invaluable author and collaborator of the editorial project scopio Editions since its first years of existence.
This publication has three major peer-reviewed essays, where its authors challenge our
understanding on issues related with the theme “Image, Body and Territory” and where
photography practice and discipline is always significantly present. Introducing the notion of a vernacular of economic growth, Kallen McNamara borrows the eyes of Gavin Brown in order to uncover aspects of our daily urban environment that are culturally out of focus, but may be more expressive of our contemporary world than we might like to admit. Her essay is a significant exploration of how a subjective gaze of a particular author, in this case Gavin Brown, is used to critically read in a meaningful manner various aspects of the most conventional and banal aspects of the contemporary urban reality of the city of Houstan. Kallen also makes an interesting creative link between Gavin Brown´s contemporary gaze and the New Topographics landscape aesthetics, which had a significant effect on photography universe, not only in the United States, but in Europe and, as Kallen bring to light, is an aesthetics still influencing contemporary photographers, as happens in the case of Gavin Brown.
(read more at https://www.sophiajournal.net/)

Editorial
Bodies and territory: visual footprints of our inhabited built world
Iñaki Bergera

In recent times, the complexity —and rich potentialities— of our contemporary world is being fruitfully described and depicted by photographers and visual artists. The interest of urban landscape at large, understood as the natural scenario of our contemporaneity, expands its borders and boundaries towards a more intricate appraisal of the territory and our physical (body) and conceptual (inhabitant) relationship with it. As the following papers explore, it is not just a matter of arranging a visual report —from a documentary perspective— of the space we live in but, rather, interpret and suggest the threats and opportunities that our personal dialog with the territory implies. As every negotiation, this conversation implies mediation, a pulse between a desired natural balance and the dramatic and unconscious footprints of our human action. Our presence —passive or active, spiritual and fleshly— is no more innocuous. By being at and dwelling the territory, the place gains the constrictions of an often contradictory conciliation. It is there where a thrilling visual narrative emerges, where the accurate and sensible eye of the visual artist finds a highly potential field of exploration and complaint.
(read more at https://www.sophiajournal.net/)

Sobre o livro e o projecto MFDA-ARP O livro Um outro olhar sobre Obras de Álvaro Siza Vieira é o resultado do trabalho de Pós-Doutoramento de Pedro Leão Neto, Professor Auxiliar na Faculdade de Arquitectura da Universidade do Porto (FAUP), com orientação de Jorge Figueira, Professor Associado do Departamento de Arquitectura da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia da Universidade de Coimbra e José Maçãs de Carvalho, Professor Auxiliar do Departamento de Arquitectura da Faculdade de Ciências e Tecnologia e do Colégio das Artes da Universidade de Coimbra. O livro está organizado em 7 capítulos ou secções principais. O primeiro capítulo Sobre o livro e o projecto Mapeamento de Fotografia Documental e Artística: um Olhar Contemporâneo sobre a Arquitectura Portuguesa (MFDA-ARP) introduz e elucida de forma resumida sobre a organização do livro, listando os seus capítulos principais e, em seguida, explica de forma mais aprofundada o projecto MFDA-ARP. O segundo capítulo Sobra as obras de Álvaro Siza Vieira introduz e justifica as obras de arquitectura selecionadas para este trabalho. O terceiro capítulo Sobre a relação entre a Arquitectura e a Fotografia desenvolve um texto teórico sobre a relação entre os universos da Arquitectura e da Fotografia, sendo composto por dois sub-capítulos com enfoque no panorama nacional e internacional. O quarto capítulo – Sobre os projectos fotográficos dos quatro autores – introduz e contextualiza de forma sucinta os projectos fotográficos de cada autor. O quinto capítulo Análise crítica sobre cada projecto fotográfico desenvolve uma reflexão crítica com maior profundidade sobre cada um dos projectos fotográficos. O sexto capítulo Projectos fotográficos mostra os quatro projectos fotográficos e o texto síntese de cada autor sobre o seu projecto. Por fim, o sétimo capítulo Arte e Fotografia Documental faz uma síntese global que identifica correntes significativas de pensamento na fotografia de arte contemporânea e outros movimentos que a tenham influenciado.
(ler mais em https://www.scopionetwork.com/bookstore/um-outro-olhar-sobre-obras-de-lvaro-siza-vieira )

Acknowledging the long history of mutual interference between Architecture and Photography, their complex and ubiquitous relationship, and understanding Photography as a relevant artistic and critical research tool, Inaki Bergera ́s work offers new light over these matters. Photography and Modern Architecture in Spain fosters a renewed under- standing of Spanish architecture from the modern period, compiling and structuring all the information that was somehow scattered or lost, speaking about the photographers that were creating images of those modern buildings and the architects to which they were associated with. New American Topographics is an astonishing photography book reinterpreting the visual discourse of the New Topographic aesthetics and bringing them to contemporary time.
https://hpa.unibo.it/article/view/10167

The 2nd number of Sophia from the series Crossing Borders, Shifting Boundaries, with the theme “Photography and Architecture” comes from our 4th edition of the international conference On the Surface, being the Guest Editor for this number Iñaki Bergera. This international conference has proved to be an important forum for debate and reflection about Photography and Architecture, whose work can be accessed through the platform www.onthesurface.net and in scopio Editions publications such as scopio Magazine, Cityzines, Debates, or the catalogue On the Surface: Public Space and Architectural Images in Debate. SCOPIO Editions had already integrated and given support to several congresses and it is the official publisher of the 4th edition of On the Surface: Photography and Architecture, publishing 3 selected reviewed papers and two articles of invited authors on this 2nd number of Sophia Journal. The 4th edition of this international congress aimed to promote a global critical analysis around the theme of Crossing Borders and Shifting Boundaries, exploring how image is a medium that, on the one hand, can cross boarders and shift boundaries between different subjects and disciplines where image and photography are present in a significant way. On the other hand, in what ways image and photography are used as critical instruments to understand how architecture is transformed, how it reflects different hybrid cultural identities in many countries, regions or places and how all of this interacts with and affects our cities. Crossing borders, Shifting Boundaries: Photography and Architecture SCOPIO EDITIONS SOPHIA COLLECTION Porto, 2018 Publisher Cityscopio – Associação Cultural Rua da Cidreira 291, 4465-076 Porto (Matosinhos), Portugal [email protected] www.cityscopio.com Editorial and Advisory Board Research group CCRE integrated in R&D of the Faculty of Architecture of the University of Porto (FAUP) called Centro de Estudos de Arquitectura e Urbanismo (CEAU) Via Panorâmica S/N, 4150-755 Porto, Portugal [email protected] tel: +351 226057100 | fax: +351 226057199 Scientific and Editorial Committee (CEAU-FAUP) Iñaki Bergera (Arquitectura / Unizar) José Miguel Rodrigues (FAUP) Marco Iuliano (LSA/CAVA) Pedro Leão Neto (FAUP) Susana Ventura (FAUP) Editorial Coordinator Pedro Leão Neto Editors Pedro Leão Neto Iñaki Bergera - Invited Editor ISBN 978-989-54318-0-9 ISSN 2183-8976 Dep. Legal No 450048/18 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted in any form or by any means or stored in any information storage or retrieval system without the editor’s written permission. All photographs featured in Sophia are © of the photographers. Editorial Collaborators José Barbedo Joana Rodrigues Silva Reviewers of Sophia 3rd Number Iñaki Bergera (Arquitectura / Unizar) Marco Iuliano (LSA/CAVA) Olívia da Silva (ESMAD / P.Porto) Paulo Catrica (UNL) Pedro Leão Neto (FAUP / CEAU) Teresa Ferreira (EAUM/ CEAU) Reading Committee Álvaro Domingues (FAUP/ CEAU) Ana Francisca de Azevedo (DeGeoUM/Lab2PT) Andrew Higgot (AA Grad Dipl PhD) Carlos Machado (FAUP/ CEAU) Gabriela Vaz Pinheiro (FBAUP) Iñaki Bergera (Arquitectura / Unizar) Joana Cunha Leal (FCSH-UNL) Jorge Figueira (FCT-UC) José Barbedo (FAUP / CEAU) José Carneiro (FBAUP) Leticia Cabeçadas do Carmo (FAUP / CEAU) Creative Director Né Santelmo Translation Lisbeth Ferreira Printing Printy Copies 100 2018 Thanks to Sophia also thanks and acknowledges all the support it has received from FCT, UP, FAUP

The third number of Sophia publication Crossing Borders, Shifting Boundaries: Image, Body and Territory published three authors with essays investigating image and image making related with the notions of Body and Territory. The peer reviewed essays were written by Kalen McNamara, André Castanho and Campbell Drake. The Invited Editor for this third number was Iñaki Bergera. Crossing borders, Shifting Boundaries: e Image, Body and Territory SCOPIO EDITIONS SOPHIA COLLECTION Porto, 2018 Publisher Cityscopio – Associação Cultural Rua da Cidreira 291, 4465-076 Porto (Matosinhos), Portugal [email protected] www.cityscopio.com Editorial and Advisory Board Research group CCRE integrated in R&D of the Faculty of Architecture of the University of Porto (FAUP) called Centro de Estudos de Arquitectura e Urbanismo (CEAU) Via Panorâmica S/N, 4150-755 Porto, Portugal [email protected] tel: +351 226057100 | fax: +351 226057199 Scienti c and Editorial Commission (CEAU-FAUP) Iñaki Bergera (Arquitectura / Unizar) José Miguel Rodrigues (FAUP) Marco Iuliano (LSA/CAVA) Pedro Leão Neto (FAUP) Susana Ventura (FAUP) Editorial Coordinator Pedro Leão Neto Editors Pedro Leão Neto Iñaki Bergera - Invited Editor ISBN 978-989-54318-1-6 ISSN 2183-8976 Dep. Legal No 450049/18 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted in any form or by any means or stored in any information storage or retrieval system without the editor’s written permission. All photographs featured in Sophia are © of the photographers. Editorial Collaborators José Barbedo Joana Rodrigues Silva Reviewers of Sophia 3rd Number José Carneiro (FBAUP) José Miguel Rodrigues Marta Cruz (FAUP/ CEAU) Iñaki Bergera (Arquitectura / Unizar) Miguel Leal (FBAUP) Pedro Leão Neto (FAUP / CEAU) Susana Lourenço Marques (FBAUP) Reading Committee Álvaro Domingues (FAUP/ CEAU) Ana Francisca de Azevedo (DeGeoUM/Lab2PT) Andrew Higgot (AA Grad Dipl PhD) Carlos Machado (FAUP/ CEAU) Gabriela Vaz Pinheiro (FBAUP) Iñaki Bergera (Arquitectura / Unizar) Joana Cunha Leal (FCSH-UNL) Jorge Figueira (FCT-UC) José Barbedo (FAUP / CEAU) José Carneiro (FBAUP) Leticia Cabeçadas do Carmo (FAUP / CEAU) Creative Director Né Santelmo Translation Lisbeth Ferreira Printing Printy Copies 100 2018 Thanks to Sophia also thanks and acknowledges all the support it has received from FCT, UP, FAUP

The 5th International Conference ON THE SURFACE: Photography on Architecture - Visual Spaces of Change: Unveiling the Publicness of Urban Space through Photography and Image, which took place on the 31st of May 2019 on occasion of MAAT’s Fiction and Fabrication exhibition offered a forum for an interdisciplinary debate on photography and architecture, with a strong editorial component devoted to the publication of original works and ideas at the intersection of these two fields. Aiming to promote the awareness and reflection upon Architecture and Art, namely documentary photography in regard to its conception as an instrument to question the universes of Architecture, City and Territory, the theme chosen for this edition of On the Surface focused on the contemporary transformations of the public space: “Visual Spaces of Change: unveiling the publicness of urban space”. Proposing to debate and explore the potential of Image and Photography as resourceful tools to research and to reflect upon and render visible the emergence of new collective experiences in the social space, the focus was on Documentary and Artistic Photography for addressing crosscutting issues that are shaping contemporary changes in cosmopolitan territories. is conference wanted in this way to contribute for greater social interaction among artistic and cultural institutions and academia, extending the action of museums, universities and art venues beyond their traditionally circumscribed spaces of action, stimulating the agents and institutions involved to be more active and open to debate in their approaches to public space. The intention was to render visible aspects of urban change, as well as how architectures, places and spaces are used and lived, crossing and shifting traditional boundaries for expanding the capacity of institutions to participate in the public domain. In this sense, we aim to contribute for critically thinking architecture as an integrative field of knowledge with historical, cultural, social, economic and political dimensions, and explore photography as a dynamic process of discovery, documentation and reflection that incorporates interpretive, artistic and even fictional aspects of these multiple dimensions. On the Surface 2019 challenged authors and researchers from the fields of photography and architecture to discuss and use image and photography to better understand the city as a living organism, a rich multifaceted space characterized by a variety of experiences and programs, which are a reflection of the knowledge, beliefs, values and customs that characterize different societies. us, a central objective of the conference was to discuss in what way image and photography can be used to unveil how architecture expresses the cultural values and identity of our cities, being these critical research instruments for understanding and perceiving architecture in meaningful ways, as well as for understanding the past in order to better grasp the transformations that are increasingly influencing our social practices and place experiences, affecting the modes of citizen participation and cultural interaction. By overlapping and crisscrossing the disciplinary boundaries of Image, Art and Architecture, the borders of these disciplinary fields are challenged for critically thinking through contemporary changes occurring in between physical and virtual dimensions of everyday life. Through the realization of these debates, it was intended to contribute to the creation of a space of exploration, discussion and reflection towards new ideas and research paths about the use of photography as an instrument of visual research and communication, as well as about architecture and the public space, with a focus on emerging dynamics of urban transformation. Lastly it is important to refer the significant connection of this conference to the project Visual Spaces of Change that the Faculty of Architecture of the University of Porto (FAUP) is coordinating, which integrates a significant component of Contemporary Photography in its research, together with the participation of other national and international academic bodies and research institutions that are involved. In fact, by bringing some of the themes of the VSC research project to this 5th edition of ON THE SURFACE: Photography on Architecture, we aim to contribute for opening academia to society, fostering collaboration among a wide range of cultural and artistic institutions towards common interests and goals. Intertwining the research group CCRE-CEAU-FAUP and Cityscopio Cultural Association, scopio Editions will be again the official publisher of this conference. Thus this 4th number of Sophia, Visual Spaces of Change: Unveiling the Publicness of Urban Space through Photography and Image is dedicated to this International Conference ON THE SURFACE: Photography and Architecture - Visual Spaces of Change: Unveiling the Publicness of Urban Space, publishing the papers based on the works that were presented at the conference. These papers constitute a significant example of investigation on how contemporary photography can be explored as a meaningful instrument of research about contemporary processes of urban change, producing visual synthesis about how architectures, places and spaces are used and lived, rendering visible aspects which are difficult to perceive without the purposeful use of image and photography. This means, besides other things, to inquire and study the possibilities offered by photography in various dimensions, oscillating between reality, poetry and utopia, creatively introducing new links between realistic representations, fictional worlds and symbolic meanings, articulated in conceptual discourses and visual narratives that are communicated through the specific grammar and syntax of photographic image. The conference was organized by the Center of Communication and Spatial Representation (CCRE), integrated in R&D Center of the Architecture School of the University of Porto (FAUP), in partnership with the Museum of Art, Architecture and Technology (MAAT) and scopio Editions. ON THE SURFACE: Photography on Architecture Visual Spaces of Change: unveiling the publicness of urban space SCOPIO EDITIONS SOPHIA COLLECTION Porto, 2020 Publisher Cityscopio – Associação Cultural Rua da Cidreira 291, 4465-076 Porto (Matosinhos), Portugal [email protected] www.cityscopio.com Editorial and Advisory Board Research group CCRE integrated in R&D of the Faculty of Architecture of the University of Porto (FAUP) called Centro de Estudos de Arquitectura e Urbanismo (CEAU) Via Panorâmica S/N, 4150-755 Porto, Portugal [email protected] tel: +351 226057100 | fax: +351 226057199 Scientific and Editorial Commission (CEAU-FAUP) Fátima Pombo (UA / DECA / ID+) Iñaki Bergera (Arquitectura / Unizar) José Miguel Rodrigues (FAUP) Marco Iuliano (LSA/CAVA) Pedro Leão Neto (FAUP) Susana Ventura (FAUP) Wilfried Wang (UTSoA) Editorial Coordinator Pedro Leão Neto Editors Pedro Leão Neto Iñaki Bergera - Invited Editor Editorial Collaborators Eduardo Silva Maria Neto ISBN 978-989-54318-8-5 ISSN 2183-8976 Dep. Legal No 465440/19 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted in any form or by any means or stored in any information storage or retrieval system without the editor’s written permission. All photographs featured in Sophia are © of the photographers. Reviewers of Sophia 4th Number Álvaro Domingues (FAUP / CEAU) Ana Francisca de Azevedo (DeGeoUM/Lab2PT) David Viana (CEAU / VSC) Fátima Pombo (UA / DECA / ID+) Francisco Ferreira (EAUM - Lab2PT) Isa Clara Neves (CES) Jorge Marum (UB I/ CCRE) José Barbedo (FAUP / CEAU) Margarida Medeiros (FCSH) Olívia da Silva (IPP – ESMAD) Pedro Leão Neto (FAUP / CEAU) Susana Ventura (FAUP / CEAU) Teresa Ferreira (FAUP/ CEAU) Authors Panel #1 Pedro Leão Neto Beate Gütschow Katarina Andjelkovic Klauss Borges Panel #2 Iñaki Bergera Bas Princen Ana Miriam Sebastiano Raimondo Apostolos Kyriazis Cristina Gastón Guirao Panel #3 Pedro Gadanho Ana Amado & Andrés Patiño Mariana Von Hartenthal Haode Sun Creative Director Né Santelmo Design Collaborator Edu Silva Impresssão / Printing Printy Apoio / Support UP, FAUP, FCT December, 2019

Decorreu no auditório da biblioteca da FAUP, nesta última quinta-feira 18 de Abril, mais uma sessão do nosso ciclo de conferencias D.T.W. (1) integrado na unidade curricular de Comunicação Fotografia e Multimédia (C.F.M.) do 4º e 5º Ano na FAUP. Nesta 5ª sessão tivemos como autores convidados Cláudio Reis (2) e Carlos Lobo (3) que colaborou na moderação da mesa através de um diálogo exploratório e crítico tendo como base o trabalho apresentado. A intervenção de Cláudio teve como mote "Fotografia como segundo olhar, do indicio ao conceito", através do qual apresentou o seu projecto fotográfico em desenvolvimento "Côa" e foi a partir dele que se iniciou posteriormente a interessante discussão sobre a possibilidade de utilizar a fotografia como um meio para descodificar o processo criativo em arquitectura. A série fotográfica constitui um projecto documental e artístico que procura comunicar, por um lado, a experiência única daquele lugar situado no território de Foz Côa, seleccionando na sua paisagem os indícios-artefactos e elementos naturais-responsáveis por desencadear as ideias e impressões mais significativas dessa experiência. Por outro lado, apesar de ser um projecto fotográfico com autonomia própria, ele está fortemente relacionado com o pensar da disciplina e prática de arquitectura: com o processo de concepção e construção do projecto do Museu do Côa de Camilo Rebelo e Tiago Pimentel e, também, com o interesse de Cláudio sobre as questões conceptuais ligadas ao processo de materialização de uma ideia arquitectónica e da sua comunicação através da imagem. O trabalho de Cláudio permitiu, assim, levantar questões significativas ligadas ao processo de construção de um projecto fotográfico, e da sua relação com o lugar e com o próprio processo de concepção em arquitectura. Como ele próprio diz na sinopse " Entre ficção e documento, tudo começa na experiência única de estar no lugar, auscultando o território. Cada movimento procura na paisagem artefactos e evidências, indícios susceptíveis de lançar conceitos, as coisas que dão substância a esquissos e maquetas." Começamos assim por falar na experiência do lugar e de como isso é comunicado nesta série fotográfica e da sua importância na arquitectura. Interessa referir que esta particularidade no trabalho de Cláudio-integrar na poética e lógica conceptual do seu projecto fotográfico questões importantes da sua relação com o lugar (como arquitecto e como fotografo) e ao fazê-lo, estar simultaneamente a reflectir sobre o próprio processo de concepção da sua série e do Museu do Côa constitui um grande desafio e dá à sua série um nível de riqueza e complexidade fascinantes.

The project

Visual Spaces of Change is an interdisciplinary research project combining contemporary photography and visual documentation with georeferencing and new technologies  This project investigates the creation of a network of public and collective spaces capable of catalysing emerging dynamics of urban change in the Porto Metropolitan Region (AMP).

The territory is simultaneously used as a laboratory for empirical experimentation and stage for visual representation of, and for, its agents and urban change processes. The project aims to alter public perceptions about the transformation of public space and collectively transforming imaginings of the city by articulating material and immaterial resources, which provide more visibility to existing urban change dynamics. The strategy for promoting this articulation includes the development of online facilities for virtual interactions at multiple scales, including a digital platform with georeferenced visual data in temporal layers allowing for the accessibility, diffusion, monitoring, and sharing of visual information. This platform promotes an active dialogue between researchers, local institutions and general public, while contributing to the identification of opportunities for cooperation between citizens, institutions, and the urban environment.

The project draws on broad conceptions of creativity and innovation as driving forces for social and institutional cooperation processes, exploring the potential of photography to question imaginatively and address issues that are transversal to the interdisciplinary debate on architecture, art, city and territory. The project intends to develop tools for a greater integration between emerging sociocultural dynamics in alternative spaces of public participation, institutionalized artistic spaces and the cultural, architectural and environmental heritage in Porto Metropolitan Region (AMP).

Visual Spaces of Change proposes a visual communication strategy based on the development of contemporary photography projects that reflect upon different dynamics of urban change to open new horizons of public intervention in the public space. These projects are conceived as “visual narratives” of these dynamics, intentionally interfering with the metropolitan territory in a self-reflexive representation of its own process of change, reducing the distance between the objects of investigation (landscapes, places, public and collective spaces) and their representations. At the same time, the creative content resulting from this research process is integrated into a visual data online platform, which allows for different levels of interaction between these contents and the general public. Departing from the identification of new dynamics of social change related to marginal productions in the field of art and culture, the project seeks to favour the integration of new cultural identities, incorporating emerging artistic expressions in relation to the public and collective spaces where these dynamics take place, stimulating their interaction at different scales.

The project proposes the potential of architecture, art, city and territory to give visibility to new spaces of public and collective interest. The project’s online platform reinforces this potential, providing a digital support for greater interaction among its audience, constituting a horizontal network of communication between artistic institutions and the public in general. All this provides a basis for visual information that is meant to be expanded beyond the scope of this project, and whose contents can serve to discover new routes and visions of the city, offering different levels of cultural information about public space and territory.

The International Conference on the 5th issue of Sophia Journal, which took place at FAUP, opened a new cycle of international forums, henceforth to be held annually, and taking up the theme and topics examined in Sophia for each year.
Thus, the following peer reviewed articles discuss the core of interiority in architecture as a matter open to diverse ideas and practices in the realm of built space to be experienced by its dwellers. Interiority to be argued as a dimension that differentiates a place of a non-place. The non-places are spots with which the individual does not create any relation; they are transit- places without memory, identity, history, personal construction, references, emotions of which solace is not a minor one. Interiority claims that kind of space that accommodates thoughts, dreams, nightmares, intimacy, changes, silence, noise, neurosis...life. Shelter, shape, place, atmosphere portray scenarios that enhance experiences, events, occurrences beyond the functionalistic rhetoric enveloping them.
Preserving heritage through new narratives: designing a guesthouse within a cross-disciplinary team from Pedro Bandeira Maia and Raul Pinto discusses a very demanding design program of transformation of an interior space from a former pharmacy to a guest house in a historical building from the nineteenth century. The article exposes the methodology followed by a cross disciplinary team debating the project’s narrative illustrated with very expressive images.
The role of architecture in an engaging and meaningful experience of the physical exhibition from Bárbara Coutinho and Ana Tostões evolves from the main argument that the physical exhibition is the immediate way to encounter the arts in line with the phenomenological understanding of the aesthetic experience. It recalls the inspiring role of exhibition designs of Frederick Kiesler, Franco Albini and Lina Bo Bardi as examples to contrast with the growing process of digitalisation and dematerialisation of the involvement with art. Authors address then the reasons why for contemporary times it is important that an exhibition is designed to be a physical matter between spectators and art.
The need for Shelter. Laugier, Ledoux, and Enlightenment’s shadows from Rui Aristides and José António Bandeirinha discourses about the human need for shelter as the essence that defines the discipline of architecture. This approach is developed within an historical framework, namely referring the legacy of Laugier and Ledoux intertwined with philosophical and political issues.Based upon these reasoning, the authors go further and tackle the architecture’s role regarding shelter in contemporary times.
Other sections besides the peer reviewed articles have been integrated into the journal’s structure as a way of enrichening the publication with diverse viewpoints from experts in the field and other types of readings apart from the articles from the call.
Thus, we present in Featured Texts the magnificent interview of Danish Designer Hans Thyge entitled The Power of Imagination by Guest Editor Fátima Pombo which offers valuable insight into the process and tools of this designer’s professional practice. Next are two probing critical texts, each written by a different architect curator - Nuno Grande and António Choupina - both of whom are very close to the work of Pritzker architect Álvaro Siza. Their readings focus on Siza’s architecture when analyzing two photography series by Mark Durden and João Leal from the collection “The Idea of Álvaro Siza”. These series focused on the Carlos Ramos Pavilion, Bouça Council Housing Project and Serralves Museum, published in a special edition of scopionewspaper, and both Nuno Grande and António Choupina offer a differentiated understanding of Siza’s oeuvres and his mastery of light and shadow, which the lens of the two photographers have so well conveyed.
In Reviews we have Mark Durden’s remarkable text “Light Catcher” that tells us how the performances of the photographer Peter Finnemore reveal his relationship to the medium of photography and the way he apprehends and plays with light.
Finally, in the essay “About the book: A Talk on Architecture in Photography” the editor of scopio Editions starts by contextualizing the upcoming book “Valerio Olgiati - Bas Princen. A Talk on Architecture in Photography - Images from Valerio Olgiati Personal Archive and Photographs by Bas Princen” to be published in 2021, which is based on the last Duelo/Dueto conference of Architecture, Art and Image (AAI) series that took place at the Casa das Artes and the work that followed with the authors.

Sophia collection is specifically designed to address theoretical work, and it aims to be the publishing medium for a set of exploratory and critical texts on image in the broad sense, i.e. comprehending the worlds of design, photography, lm, video, television and new media. e objective is to challenge different artists and creators to publish in book format original articles, reviews and other texts of interest and value. We are interested in making Sophia a mentis instrumental capable of extending our critical knowledge and questioning the universe of image in innovative ways. e published set of theoretical and critical texts on image can either be taken from sections of scopio magazine, or from our International Conference On the Surface: Photography and Architecture, or submitted by new authors and other R&D national and international centers, through our call for abstract submissions. The title Crossing Borders, Shifting Boundaries defines the global theme for this present cycle of Sophia and conveys the interest in promoting a critical analysis around this theme, exploring how image is a medium that, on the one hand, can cross borders and shift boundaries between different subjects and disciplines where image and photography are present in a significant way and, on the other hand, in how image and photography can be used as critical instruments to better understand the real and its different realities, always questioning the universe of image in an innovative way. 1 e etymology of the word “sophia” is closely linked to the concepts of sapience and wisdom: (Greek Σοφία, “sofía”) it is what the “wise person” has, and this word is also derived from philo+sophia (“love of wisdom”). 2 e editorial responsibility for this project belongs to the research group CCRE integrated in R&D of the Faculty of Architecture of the University of Porto (FAUP) called Centro de Estudos de Arquitectura e Urbanismo (CEAU). 7 is is to say, besides other things, that we are very interested to see photography as a practice and discipline that is able to explore different boundaries - boundaries between nations, between text and images, between different visual genres, forms of work and ways of thinking. e sub-title e Aura of the image ensures the specificity of Sophia ́s present number and marks the editorial work made by its Editors, being thus no surprise to read, on the one hand, in Susana Ventura ́s text, besides other authors, the reference to Walter Benjamin and to his concept of “the aura” used by him for explaining how photography has transformed the relation between the image and its beholder. en, on the other hand, in Edward Dimendberg ́s text the reference to Benjamin ́s idea of “the tiny spark of contingency” inherent in photography, which Benjamin expressed in his essay “little history of photography” (1931). Finally, it can be said we believe that Sophia will help to globally promote the awareness and reflection upon Architecture, Art and Image (AAI) and specifically to Image in regards to its conception as an instrument to question Art and Architecture, which is understood as an extended discipline and practice with an interest, on one side, in the real space and its experiences, exploring new spatial forms and architectural codes, and on the other side, on how architecture operates within larger systems: socio-cultural, technical, and historical. Sophia is a biannual International Peer Reviewed Journal and can published in five languages: English, Portuguese, Spanish, French and Italian. Crossing borders, Shifting Boundaries: The Aura of the image SCOPIO EDITIONS SOPHIA COLLECTION Porto, 2016 Publisher Cityscopio – Associação Cultural Rua da Cidreira 291, 4465-076 Porto (Matosinhos), Portugal [email protected] www.cityscopio.com Editorial and Advisory Board Research group CCRE integrated in R&D of the Faculty of Architecture of the University of Porto (FAUP) called Centro de Estudos de Arquitectura e Urbanismo (CEAU) Via Panorâmica S/N, 4150-755 Porto, Portugal [email protected] tel: +351 226057100 | fax: +351 226057199 Editorial Coordinator Pedro Leão Neto (FAUP) Scienti c Coordinators Susana Ventura (FAUP) Edward Dimendberg - Invited Editor Scienti c and Editorial Commission (CEAU-FAUP) José Miguel Rodrigues Pedro Leão Neto Rui Ramos Susana Ventura Vítor Silva Legal All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted in any form or by any means or stored in any information storage or retrieval system without the editor’s written permission. All photographs featured in Sophia are © of the photographers. Reading Committee Álvaro Domingues (FAUP/ CEAU) Andrew Higgot (AA Grad Dipl PhD) Carlos Machado (FAUP/ CEAU) Gabriela Vaz Pinheiro (FBAUP) Iñaki Bergera (ETSAUN) Joana Cunha Leal (FCSH-UNL) Joaquim Moreno (FAUP/ CCRE) Jorge Figueira (FCT-UC) Marta Cruz (FAUP/ CEAU) Marco Iuliano (LSA/CAVA) Olívia Da Silva (IPP - ESMAE) Pedro Bandeira (EAUM/CCRE) Paulo Catrica (UNL/CCRE) Teresa Ferreira (EAUM/ CEAU) Colaborators Diana Carvalho Maria Neto Selected Author(s) Eduardo Brito Nélio Conceição Vítor dos Reis Creative Director Né Santelmo Translation Lisbeth Ferreira Printing Print 4U Copies 100 anks to Sophia also thanks and acknowledges all the support it has received from FCT, UP, FAUP ISSN 2183-8976 Dep. Legal No 418893/16

The 2nd number of Sophia from the series Crossing Borders, Shifting Boundaries, with the theme “Photography and Architecture” comes from our 4th edition of the international conference On the Surface, being the Guest Editor for this number Iñaki Bergera. This international conference has proved to be an important forum for debate and reflection about Photography and Architecture, whose work can be accessed through the platform www.onthesurface.net and in scopio Editions publications such as scopio Magazine, Cityzines, Debates, or the catalogue On the Surface: Public Space and Architectural Images in Debate. SCOPIO Editions had already integrated and given support to several congresses and it is the official publisher of the 4th edition of On the Surface: Photography and Architecture, publishing 3 selected reviewed papers and two articles of invited authors on this 2nd number of Sophia Journal. The 4th edition of this international congress aimed to promote a global critical analysis around the theme of Crossing Borders and Shifting Boundaries, exploring how image is a medium that, on the one hand, can cross boarders and shift boundaries between different subjects and disciplines where image and photography are present in a significant way. On the other hand, in what ways image and photography are used as critical instruments to understand how architecture is transformed, how it reflects different hybrid cultural identities in many countries, regions or places and how all of this interacts with and affects our cities. Crossing borders, Shifting Boundaries: Photography and Architecture SCOPIO EDITIONS SOPHIA COLLECTION Porto, 2018 Publisher Cityscopio – Associação Cultural Rua da Cidreira 291, 4465-076 Porto (Matosinhos), Portugal [email protected] www.cityscopio.com Editorial and Advisory Board Research group CCRE integrated in R&D of the Faculty of Architecture of the University of Porto (FAUP) called Centro de Estudos de Arquitectura e Urbanismo (CEAU) Via Panorâmica S/N, 4150-755 Porto, Portugal [email protected] tel: +351 226057100 | fax: +351 226057199 Scientific and Editorial Committee (CEAU-FAUP) Iñaki Bergera (Arquitectura / Unizar) José Miguel Rodrigues (FAUP) Marco Iuliano (LSA/CAVA) Pedro Leão Neto (FAUP) Susana Ventura (FAUP) Editorial Coordinator Pedro Leão Neto Editors Pedro Leão Neto Iñaki Bergera - Invited Editor ISBN 978-989-54318-0-9 ISSN 2183-8976 Dep. Legal No 450048/18 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted in any form or by any means or stored in any information storage or retrieval system without the editor’s written permission. All photographs featured in Sophia are © of the photographers. Editorial Collaborators José Barbedo Joana Rodrigues Silva Reviewers of Sophia 3rd Number Iñaki Bergera (Arquitectura / Unizar) Marco Iuliano (LSA/CAVA) Olívia da Silva (ESMAD / P.Porto) Paulo Catrica (UNL) Pedro Leão Neto (FAUP / CEAU) Teresa Ferreira (EAUM/ CEAU) Reading Committee Álvaro Domingues (FAUP/ CEAU) Ana Francisca de Azevedo (DeGeoUM/Lab2PT) Andrew Higgot (AA Grad Dipl PhD) Carlos Machado (FAUP/ CEAU) Gabriela Vaz Pinheiro (FBAUP) Iñaki Bergera (Arquitectura / Unizar) Joana Cunha Leal (FCSH-UNL) Jorge Figueira (FCT-UC) José Barbedo (FAUP / CEAU) José Carneiro (FBAUP) Leticia Cabeçadas do Carmo (FAUP / CEAU) Creative Director Né Santelmo Translation Lisbeth Ferreira Printing Printy Copies 100 2018 Thanks to Sophia also thanks and acknowledges all the support it has received from FCT, UP, FAUP

The 2nd number of Sophia from the series Crossing Borders, Shifting Boundaries, with the theme “Photography and Architecture” comes from our 4th edition of the international conference On the Surface, being the Guest Editor for this number Iñaki Bergera. This international conference has proved to be an important forum for debate and reflection about Photography and Architecture, whose work can be accessed through the platform www.onthesurface.net and in scopio Editions publications such as scopio Magazine, Cityzines, Debates, or the catalogue On the Surface: Public Space and Architectural Images in Debate. SCOPIO Editions had already integrated and given support to several congresses and it is the official publisher of the 4th edition of On the Surface: Photography and Architecture, publishing 3 selected reviewed papers and two articles of invited authors on this 2nd number of Sophia Journal. The 4th edition of this international congress aimed to promote a global critical analysis around the theme of Crossing Borders and Shifting Boundaries, exploring how image is a medium that, on the one hand, can cross boarders and shift boundaries between different subjects and disciplines where image and photography are present in a significant way. On the other hand, in what ways image and photography are used as critical instruments to understand how architecture is transformed, how it reflects different hybrid cultural identities in many countries, regions or places and how all of this interacts with and affects our cities. Crossing borders, Shifting Boundaries: Photography and Architecture SCOPIO EDITIONS SOPHIA COLLECTION Porto, 2018 Publisher Cityscopio – Associação Cultural Rua da Cidreira 291, 4465-076 Porto (Matosinhos), Portugal [email protected] www.cityscopio.com Editorial and Advisory Board Research group CCRE integrated in R&D of the Faculty of Architecture of the University of Porto (FAUP) called Centro de Estudos de Arquitectura e Urbanismo (CEAU) Via Panorâmica S/N, 4150-755 Porto, Portugal [email protected] tel: +351 226057100 | fax: +351 226057199 Scientific and Editorial Committee (CEAU-FAUP) Iñaki Bergera (Arquitectura / Unizar) José Miguel Rodrigues (FAUP) Marco Iuliano (LSA/CAVA) Pedro Leão Neto (FAUP) Susana Ventura (FAUP) Editorial Coordinator Pedro Leão Neto Editors Pedro Leão Neto Iñaki Bergera - Invited Editor ISBN 978-989-54318-0-9 ISSN 2183-8976 Dep. Legal No 450048/18 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, copied or transmitted in any form or by any means or stored in any information storage or retrieval system without the editor’s written permission. All photographs featured in Sophia are © of the photographers. Editorial Collaborators José Barbedo Joana Rodrigues Silva Reviewers of Sophia 3rd Number Iñaki Bergera (Arquitectura / Unizar) Marco Iuliano (LSA/CAVA) Olívia da Silva (ESMAD / P.Porto) Paulo Catrica (UNL) Pedro Leão Neto (FAUP / CEAU) Teresa Ferreira (EAUM/ CEAU) Reading Committee Álvaro Domingues (FAUP/ CEAU) Ana Francisca de Azevedo (DeGeoUM/Lab2PT) Andrew Higgot (AA Grad Dipl PhD) Carlos Machado (FAUP/ CEAU) Gabriela Vaz Pinheiro (FBAUP) Iñaki Bergera (Arquitectura / Unizar) Joana Cunha Leal (FCSH-UNL) Jorge Figueira (FCT-UC) José Barbedo (FAUP / CEAU) José Carneiro (FBAUP) Leticia Cabeçadas do Carmo (FAUP / CEAU) Creative Director Né Santelmo Translation Lisbeth Ferreira Printing Printy Copies 100 2018 Thanks to Sophia also thanks and acknowledges all the support it has received from FCT, UP, FAUP