Helen Fessas-Emmanouil
Helen Fessas-Emmanouil
Architectural historian,
Professor Emerita, Athens University
6 Goura St, 105 58 Athens, Greece
Tel.: +30 2103312566, [email protected]
https://www.femarch.gr/fessa/
https://www.femarch.gr/fessas-en/
CURRICULUM VITAE
Helen Fessas-Emmanouil (b. 1943) is an architectural historian and Professor Emerita of the National and Capodistrian University of Athens. She studied architecture at the National Technical University of Athens (1962-1967) from which she received a Ph.D.
Her work focuses on late 19th and especially 20th century architecture in Greece, examined in their historical and cultural context as well as in relation to contemporary world architecture. She has published extensively in Greek and foreign journals, conference proceedings and collective scholarly monographs. She authored (or co-authored and edited) twenty one books on public buildings, outstanding Greek architects, architectural history and theory and performing arts. Her most important books are the two-volume Theatre Architecture in Modern Greece, 1720-1940 (1994, Academy of Athens Prize), the book Aristotelis Zachos & Josef Durm. The correspondence between a pioneer architect and his mentor, 1905-1914 (2013), "Basile Couremenos, Architect" (2017, Academy of Athens - Kapon Editions) and the five bilingual books (full text in Greek and English): Ideological and Cultural Issues in the Architecture of Modern Greece, 1827-1940 (1987); Public Architecture in Modern Greece, 1720-1940 (1993); Essays on Neohellenic Architecture (2001, honourable mention by the International Academy of Architecture / Interarch, 2003); Twelve Greek Architects of the Interwar Period (in collaboration with Emmanuel V. Marmaras); and Pericles Sakellarios, Architect (1905-1995) (2006, in collaboration with E. Sakellariou-Herzog). She is the editor and principal author of the book, Hellenic Architectural Society. 20th Century Architects, members of the Society (in Greek, 2009).
In 1991 she participated in the 5th International Exhibition of Architecture of the Biennale di Venezia as Greece’s curator, responsible for the exhibition New Public Buildings by N. Valsamakis, S. and D. Antonakakis and A. Tombazis.
In 2002 she was responsible for the research and writing of all the texts of the Greek participation in the CD-ROM «Discovering contemporary architecture in Paris, London and Athens», which was produced in three languages –French, English and Greek- as part of the European Union’s Culture 2000 program (www.culture2000.tee.gr).
She participated as coordinator of the Greek group to the research program of the Architectural Bureau of the Academy of Athens: “Highlights of Balkan Architecture and Town Planning”. She contributed with her essay “Greece: The History behind the Myth” to the research and publication project CIAM IV. The Functional City, which was a co-operative venture of the gta Archives -ETH Zurich and the EFL Foundation in The Hague.
From 2019-2021she worked as senior consultant of the first DIGITAL ARCHIVE OF GREEK FEMALE ARCHITECTS, compiled by a scientific committee at the initiative of the Attica Department of the Association of Greek Architects and supported by the Ministry of Culture. (https://www.femarch.gr and www.femarch.gr/en/)
Phone: +30 2103312566
Address: 6 Goura St.,
105 58 ATHENS, GREECE
Architectural historian,
Professor Emerita, Athens University
6 Goura St, 105 58 Athens, Greece
Tel.: +30 2103312566, [email protected]
https://www.femarch.gr/fessa/
https://www.femarch.gr/fessas-en/
CURRICULUM VITAE
Helen Fessas-Emmanouil (b. 1943) is an architectural historian and Professor Emerita of the National and Capodistrian University of Athens. She studied architecture at the National Technical University of Athens (1962-1967) from which she received a Ph.D.
Her work focuses on late 19th and especially 20th century architecture in Greece, examined in their historical and cultural context as well as in relation to contemporary world architecture. She has published extensively in Greek and foreign journals, conference proceedings and collective scholarly monographs. She authored (or co-authored and edited) twenty one books on public buildings, outstanding Greek architects, architectural history and theory and performing arts. Her most important books are the two-volume Theatre Architecture in Modern Greece, 1720-1940 (1994, Academy of Athens Prize), the book Aristotelis Zachos & Josef Durm. The correspondence between a pioneer architect and his mentor, 1905-1914 (2013), "Basile Couremenos, Architect" (2017, Academy of Athens - Kapon Editions) and the five bilingual books (full text in Greek and English): Ideological and Cultural Issues in the Architecture of Modern Greece, 1827-1940 (1987); Public Architecture in Modern Greece, 1720-1940 (1993); Essays on Neohellenic Architecture (2001, honourable mention by the International Academy of Architecture / Interarch, 2003); Twelve Greek Architects of the Interwar Period (in collaboration with Emmanuel V. Marmaras); and Pericles Sakellarios, Architect (1905-1995) (2006, in collaboration with E. Sakellariou-Herzog). She is the editor and principal author of the book, Hellenic Architectural Society. 20th Century Architects, members of the Society (in Greek, 2009).
In 1991 she participated in the 5th International Exhibition of Architecture of the Biennale di Venezia as Greece’s curator, responsible for the exhibition New Public Buildings by N. Valsamakis, S. and D. Antonakakis and A. Tombazis.
In 2002 she was responsible for the research and writing of all the texts of the Greek participation in the CD-ROM «Discovering contemporary architecture in Paris, London and Athens», which was produced in three languages –French, English and Greek- as part of the European Union’s Culture 2000 program (www.culture2000.tee.gr).
She participated as coordinator of the Greek group to the research program of the Architectural Bureau of the Academy of Athens: “Highlights of Balkan Architecture and Town Planning”. She contributed with her essay “Greece: The History behind the Myth” to the research and publication project CIAM IV. The Functional City, which was a co-operative venture of the gta Archives -ETH Zurich and the EFL Foundation in The Hague.
From 2019-2021she worked as senior consultant of the first DIGITAL ARCHIVE OF GREEK FEMALE ARCHITECTS, compiled by a scientific committee at the initiative of the Attica Department of the Association of Greek Architects and supported by the Ministry of Culture. (https://www.femarch.gr and www.femarch.gr/en/)
Phone: +30 2103312566
Address: 6 Goura St.,
105 58 ATHENS, GREECE
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Papers by Helen Fessas-Emmanouil
in GREEK EDUCATIONAL ENCYCLOPEDIA, VOL. 27, Athens Publishing House, Athens 1998, pp.40-46.
This encyclopedic entry is a retrospective of theatre architecture from classical antiquity to the 1980s. Greek theatres of the 19th and 20th centuries are assessed here in the broader context of their times.
This entry, which introduces the term “National Romanticism” in the lexicography of Neo-Hellenic Architecture, is based on comparative bibliographical and archival research. It was necessary to study the basic uses of the term in the literature of the period 1770-1848, in 19th century music and architecture and in interwar architecture. Particular emphasis was placed on national-romantic architecture of Modern Greece.
His architectural legacy and worldview",
in: Cofano, P. – Konstantinidis D.A. (ed.), ARIS KONSTANTINIDIS (1913-1993), Milano: Electaarchitettura, 2010, p. 55-70.
My essay proposes a reassessment Aris Konstantinidis (1913-1993), a leading figure of Greek contemporary architecture, whose holistic approach transcended the placelessness and anti-traditionalist principles of Modernism. Important as Konstantinidis was as an architect, he was equally outstanding as a thinker and a critic. But, unlike the majority of prolific writers on architecture, he wrote only because he built and only in accordance with what he had built. This is an essay of mine published in the Italian monograph of the architect by Electa (2010), followed by an English translation.
This paper focuses on two key issues of Neo-Hellenic theatre architecture during the 19th and early 20th centuries: the relationship with its ancient Greek past and the harmonization of imported modernity with vital elements of tradition. It begins with the Italianate winter theatres of the Ionian Islands. The monumental theatres in Athens and other important Greek cities are approached next, followed by the characteristic open-air theatres of Athens and Attica. The attempts to revive ancient Greek tragedy in the interwar period are outlined in the last part................/...........«Παράδοση και νεωτερικότητα στην ελληνική θεατρική αρχιτεκτονική», Νεοελληνικό Θέατρο (17ος-20οςαι.) Επιστημονικές Επιμορφωτικές Διαλέξεις, Εθνικό Ίδρυμα Ερευνών, Αθήνα 1996, σελ. 89-110.
Το κείμενο επικεντρώνεται σε δύο χρόνιες εκκρεμότητες της θεατρικής αρχιτεκτονικής στη νεότερη Ελλάδα: τη σχέση με το αρχαιοελληνικό παρελθόν της και το αίτημα συγκερασμού νεωτερικότητας και παράδοσης. Υπό το πρίσμα αυτό προσεγγίζονται οι λύσεις που δόθηκαν κατά τον 19ο αιώνα και τις αρχές του 20ού τόσο από την επώνυμη όσο και από την ανώνυμη θεατρική αρχιτεκτονική. Η προσέγγιση ξεκινά από τα χειμερινά θέατρα των Επτανήσων, της Αθήνας και άλλων σημαντικών πόλεων του ελληνικού κράτους. Προχωρεί στα υπαίθρια θέατρα της Αθήνας και κλείνει με τις προσπάθειες αναβίωσης του αρχαίου δράματος την περίοδο του Μεσοπολέμου.
(o) To outline the history of prestige buildings in post-war Greece (1945-1975) by a brief commentary of its milestones, and
(b) To put forward some working hypotheses as regards the specific forces that shaped this architectural topic in Greece.
Sponsored by the J. F. Kostopoulos Foundation, Athens, 1994, 2 volumes, 23X30, 692 pages, illustrated (780 black and white figs.), ISBN 960-220-704-3, paperback, text in Greek with summary and list of illustrations in English.
One of the dominant features of theatre architecture in Greece throughout the nineteenth and most of the twentieth centuries has been its open-air tradition. This tradition offered improvised but effective solutions to the housing problem of the country’s performing arts. Moreover open-air theatres were appropriate for Mediterranean Greece, whose extended summer season, restricted means and traditional behavior patterns have always favored inexpensive open-air recreation.
On the contrary, winter theatres of the above-mentioned period have been patronized by the country’s economic, political and intellectual élite as a means of Westernizing the Greek performing arts. However, the ineffectiveness and fast decline of most of these playhouses reveal that Greek socio-economic and cultural circumstances did not favor the fruitful naturalization of European building types and styles.
The emergence, interaction and evolution of these two building types (i.e. open-air and winter theatres) from the eve of the Greek Revolution to 1940 is the subject of this book. The author’s intention was to approach Neo-Hellenic theatre architecture comprehensively in order to demonstrate not only what it really produced during this period but also why it did so.
The scope of this comprehensive and comparative approach is to interpret Neo-Hellenic theatre space of the 19th and 20th centuries in the broadest context of the civilization of its time as well as the more specific context of local tradition and circumstances.
in GREEK EDUCATIONAL ENCYCLOPEDIA, VOL. 27, Athens Publishing House, Athens 1998, pp.40-46.
This encyclopedic entry is a retrospective of theatre architecture from classical antiquity to the 1980s. Greek theatres of the 19th and 20th centuries are assessed here in the broader context of their times.
This entry, which introduces the term “National Romanticism” in the lexicography of Neo-Hellenic Architecture, is based on comparative bibliographical and archival research. It was necessary to study the basic uses of the term in the literature of the period 1770-1848, in 19th century music and architecture and in interwar architecture. Particular emphasis was placed on national-romantic architecture of Modern Greece.
His architectural legacy and worldview",
in: Cofano, P. – Konstantinidis D.A. (ed.), ARIS KONSTANTINIDIS (1913-1993), Milano: Electaarchitettura, 2010, p. 55-70.
My essay proposes a reassessment Aris Konstantinidis (1913-1993), a leading figure of Greek contemporary architecture, whose holistic approach transcended the placelessness and anti-traditionalist principles of Modernism. Important as Konstantinidis was as an architect, he was equally outstanding as a thinker and a critic. But, unlike the majority of prolific writers on architecture, he wrote only because he built and only in accordance with what he had built. This is an essay of mine published in the Italian monograph of the architect by Electa (2010), followed by an English translation.
This paper focuses on two key issues of Neo-Hellenic theatre architecture during the 19th and early 20th centuries: the relationship with its ancient Greek past and the harmonization of imported modernity with vital elements of tradition. It begins with the Italianate winter theatres of the Ionian Islands. The monumental theatres in Athens and other important Greek cities are approached next, followed by the characteristic open-air theatres of Athens and Attica. The attempts to revive ancient Greek tragedy in the interwar period are outlined in the last part................/...........«Παράδοση και νεωτερικότητα στην ελληνική θεατρική αρχιτεκτονική», Νεοελληνικό Θέατρο (17ος-20οςαι.) Επιστημονικές Επιμορφωτικές Διαλέξεις, Εθνικό Ίδρυμα Ερευνών, Αθήνα 1996, σελ. 89-110.
Το κείμενο επικεντρώνεται σε δύο χρόνιες εκκρεμότητες της θεατρικής αρχιτεκτονικής στη νεότερη Ελλάδα: τη σχέση με το αρχαιοελληνικό παρελθόν της και το αίτημα συγκερασμού νεωτερικότητας και παράδοσης. Υπό το πρίσμα αυτό προσεγγίζονται οι λύσεις που δόθηκαν κατά τον 19ο αιώνα και τις αρχές του 20ού τόσο από την επώνυμη όσο και από την ανώνυμη θεατρική αρχιτεκτονική. Η προσέγγιση ξεκινά από τα χειμερινά θέατρα των Επτανήσων, της Αθήνας και άλλων σημαντικών πόλεων του ελληνικού κράτους. Προχωρεί στα υπαίθρια θέατρα της Αθήνας και κλείνει με τις προσπάθειες αναβίωσης του αρχαίου δράματος την περίοδο του Μεσοπολέμου.
(o) To outline the history of prestige buildings in post-war Greece (1945-1975) by a brief commentary of its milestones, and
(b) To put forward some working hypotheses as regards the specific forces that shaped this architectural topic in Greece.
Sponsored by the J. F. Kostopoulos Foundation, Athens, 1994, 2 volumes, 23X30, 692 pages, illustrated (780 black and white figs.), ISBN 960-220-704-3, paperback, text in Greek with summary and list of illustrations in English.
One of the dominant features of theatre architecture in Greece throughout the nineteenth and most of the twentieth centuries has been its open-air tradition. This tradition offered improvised but effective solutions to the housing problem of the country’s performing arts. Moreover open-air theatres were appropriate for Mediterranean Greece, whose extended summer season, restricted means and traditional behavior patterns have always favored inexpensive open-air recreation.
On the contrary, winter theatres of the above-mentioned period have been patronized by the country’s economic, political and intellectual élite as a means of Westernizing the Greek performing arts. However, the ineffectiveness and fast decline of most of these playhouses reveal that Greek socio-economic and cultural circumstances did not favor the fruitful naturalization of European building types and styles.
The emergence, interaction and evolution of these two building types (i.e. open-air and winter theatres) from the eve of the Greek Revolution to 1940 is the subject of this book. The author’s intention was to approach Neo-Hellenic theatre architecture comprehensively in order to demonstrate not only what it really produced during this period but also why it did so.
The scope of this comprehensive and comparative approach is to interpret Neo-Hellenic theatre space of the 19th and 20th centuries in the broadest context of the civilization of its time as well as the more specific context of local tradition and circumstances.
This catalogue was published in 1991 on the occasion of Greece’s first participation at the Biennale di Venezia International Architecture Exhibitions. It features representative works of four distinguished Greek architects who adopted different cultural, ideological and aesthetic positions: Nicos Valsamakis, Suzana and Dimitris Antonakakis, and Alexandros Tombazis. An introductory essay by Helen Fessas-Emmanouil, titled “Public Architecture in Modern Greece”, provided a framework within which the visitor of the Greek pavilion could appreciate the buildings for public use of the four architects on display.
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Ο Βασίλειος Κουρεμένος (1875-1957) ανήκει στους πλέον καταρτισμένους και διεθνώς αναγνωρισμένους έλληνες αρχιτέκτονες της γενιάς του, η οποία δοκιμάστηκε σκληρά από την ιστορία και τις μεγάλες γεωπολιτικές αλλαγές στη Βαλκανική χερόνησο. Στο βιβλίο αυτό σκιαγραφείται η συναρπαστική πορεία του Βορειοηπειρώτη αρχιτέκτονα από τη γενέτειρά του –το χωριό Βουλιαράτες– στο Παρίσι όπου σπούδασε και άρχισε την επαγγελματική σταδιοδρομία του (1904-1910), την Κωνσταντινούπολη (1910-1915 και 1918-1919), την Αθήνα (1915-1918), την Αδριανούπολη (1920-1922) και, τέλος, την Αθήνα (1922-1957). Αναδεικνύει επίσης την αξία της μεταρρυθμιστικής αρχιτεκτονικής του Κουρεμένου η οποία εναρμονίζει τη νεωτερικότητα με την παράδοση του κλασικισμού και το πνεύμα του κάθε τόπου.
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Mε την έκδοση αυτή, άνοιξε ένα σημαντικό κεφάλαιο της ιστορίας των δύο αδελφών τεχνών –του χορού και του θεάτρου– που είναι η πορεία των σχέσεών τους στην Ελλάδα του 20ού αιώνα. Πρόκειται για μια πορεία, η οποία επηρεάζεται από την παρουσία της Isadora Duncan στην Αθήνα αλλά και από πρωτοποριακά κινήματα στη Γερμανία και τις Ηνωμένες Πολιτείες. Αρχίζει επίσημα το 1927 με τις πρώτες Δελφικές Εορτές που διοργάνωσαν ο ποιητής Άγγελος Σικελιανός και η αμερικανίδα σύζυγός του Εύα Πάλμερ-Σικελιανού και φθάνει έως τις πειραματικές προτάσεις των χοροθεατρικών ομάδων της δεκαετίας του 1990.
Το βιβλίο, το οποίο υπήρξε καρπός τριετούς έρευνας 80 προπτυχιακών και μεταπτυχιακών σπουδαστών του Τμήματος Θεατρικών Σπουδών του Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών υπό την καθοδήgηση της αναπληρώτριας καθηγήτριας Ελένης Φεσσά-Εμμανουήλ, διαρθρώνεται σε δύο μέρη. Το πρώτο περιλαμβάνει πρόλογο του ομότιμου καθηγητή του Πανεπισημίου και ακαδημαϊκού Γεωργίου Λάββα, εισαγωγή του προέδρου του Τμήματος καθηγητή Βάλτερ Πούχνερ, τέσσερα ιστορικά και κριτικά άρθρα γραμμένα από την ιστορικό του χορού Άννα Λίγδα, τη θεατρολόγο Αγνή Μουζενίδου, την επιστημονική επιμελήτρια του βιβλίου και τον κλασικό χορευτή και χορογράφο Λεωνίδα Ντε Πιά. H ιστορία της σχέσης των δύο αδελφών τεχνών παρουσιάζεται στο δεύτερο μέρος του βιβλίου μέσα από την πορεία και το έργο εξήντα Ελλήνων χορευτών - χορογράφων και σαράντα χορευτικών ομάδων και συγκροτημάτων. ______________________________________________________________________
This publication opened up an important chapter in the history of the two arts - dance and theatre - which is the course of their relations in 20th century Greece. This is a course that was influenced by the presence of Isadora Duncan in Athens as well as by pioneering movements in Germany and the US. It has officially begun in 1927 with the first Delphic Festival organized by the poet Angelos Sikelianos and his American wife Eva Palmer-Sikelianos and reaches the experimental proposals of the dance groups of the 1990s.
The book, which has been the fruit of a three-year study of 80 undergraduate and postgraduate students of the Department of Theatre Studies of the University of Athens under the guidance of professor Helen Fessas-Emmanuil, is structured in two parts. The first includes a Foreword by professor emeritus and academician George Lavas, an Introduction by the Department’s president professor Walter Puchner and four historical and critical articles written by dance historian Anna Ligda, theatologist Agni Mouzenidou, the scientific editor of the book and the classical dancer and choreographer Leonidaσ De Pian. The story of the relationship between the two arts is presented in the second part of the book through the course and work of sixty Greek dancers - choreographers and forty dance groups.
http://helios-eie.ekt.gr/EIE/handle/10442/8370
Edited by Hellen Fessas-Emmanouil
Potamos Editions, Athens 2009, 520 pages, 22x24,50, ISBN: ISBN 978-960-6691-38-6, Language: Greek
The book is the product of many years of research. It presents the careers and work of the first fifty members of the Hellenic Architectural Society which was established in 1946. Τhis group of architects, who were active in the interwar period, the ’50s and the ’60s, includes distinguished freelance designers, six professors of the National Technical University of Athens and a small number of senior civil servants. Τhe book pays tribute to these architects who, under adverse conditions, promoted the qualitative modernization of the Greek urban environment.
Στο βιβλίο αυτό παρουσιάζεται το έργο των πενήντα πρώτων μελών της Ελληνικής Αρχιτεκτονικής Εταιρείας (ΕΑΕ, έτος ίδρυσης 1946), στα οποία περιλαμβάνονται διακεκριμένοι ελεύθεροι επαγγελματίες, έξι πανεπιστημιακοί δάσκαλοι και αρκετοί δημόσιοι λειτουργοί. Πρόκειται για αρχιτέκτονες-μηχανικούς, διπλωματούχους των ετών 1905-1933, οι οποίοι εξέφρασαν το νεωτερικό πνεύμα του Mεσοπολέμου και των δύο πρώτων μεταπολεμικών δεκαετιών, συμβάλλοντας με το έργο τους στον εκσυγχρονισμό της εγχώριας αρχιτεκτονικής.
Στο εισαγωγικό κεφάλαιο δίνεται το πλαίσιο δράσης αυτών των αρχιτεκτόνων –κοινωνικές και οικονομικές συνθήκες, πολεοδομικό υπόβαθρο, νομοθεσία και αρχιτεκτονικά ρεύματα. Σκιαγραφείται, επίσης, ο αγώνας τους για τον πολεοδομικό και αρχιτεκτονικό εκσυγχρονισμό της Αθήνας.
H αναδρομή στο έργο των πενήντα εταίρων αρχιτεκτόνων αρχίζει από τον πρώτο πρόεδρο της ΕΑΕ Ανδρέα Κριεζή (1887-1962) και τον Καθηγητή του ΕΜΠ και Ακαδημαϊκό Δημήτρη Πικιώνη (1887-1968). Ακολουθεί η παρουσίαση του έργου των ακόλουθων σαράντα οκτώ εταίρων, με πλούσια τεκμηρίωση ένα σημαντικό μέρος της οποίας δημοσιεύεται εδώ για πρώτη φορά. Πρόκειται για τους: Nικόλαο Zουμπουλίδη (1888-1969), Γεώργιο Θεοδωρίδη (1889-1963), Iωάννη Aντωνιάδη (1890-1977), Δημήτριο Kαραντινό-Φιλιππάκη (1890-1971), Δημήτριο Kωνσταντινίδη (1890-1958), Nικόλαο Nικολαΐδη (1891-1967), Iωάννη Xαλεπά (1891-1962), Kωνσταντίνο Γκίνη (1892-1987), Kώστα Kιτσίκη (1892-1969), Eμμανουήλ Λαζαρίδη (1894-1961), Δημήτριο Φωτιάδη (1894-1974), Nίκο Παπαχρήστου (1895-1969), Λεωνίδα Mπόνη (1896-1963), Nίκο Σακελλαρόπουλο (1896-1989), Aνδρέα Πλουμιστό (1897-1962), Κώστα Σγούτα (1897-1983), Kωνσταντίνο Δήμου (1899-1972), Kωνσταντίνο Παπαδάκη (1899-1961), Aλέξανδρο Mεταξά (1900-1979), Iωάννη Bασιλείου (1901-1989), Δημήτριο Γαζή (1901-1977), Eλένη Kανελλοπούλου (1901-1980), Pέννο Kουτσούρη (1901-1997), Γεώργιο Πάνζαρη (1901-1971), Eυάγγελο Pουσσόπουλο (1901-1963), Kυριακούλη Παναγιωτάκο (1902-1982), Γεώργιο Bυργιώτη (1902-1958), Παναγή Mεταξά (1902-1967), Πάτροκλο Kαραντινό (1903-1976), Iωάννη Δεσποτόπουλο (1903-1992), Nικόλαο Kακούρη (1903-1971), Δημήτριο Kάτσαρη (1903-1969), Φώτιο Nικολούδη (1903 [1902;]-1984), Bασίλειο Δούρα (1904-1981), Bασίλειο Kασσάνδρα (1904-1973), Παύλο Mιχαλέα (1904-1990), Περικλή Γεωργακόπουλο (1904-1975), Eμμανουήλ Bουρέκα (1905-1992), Γεώργιο Nομικό (1905-2003), Περικλή Σακελλάριο (1905-1985), Mιχάλη Kανάκη (1906-1990), Σόλωνα Kυδωνιάτη (1906-2001), Kυπριανό Mπίρη (1907-1990) Δημήτριο Tριποδάκη (1907-1988), Θουκυδίδη Bαλεντή (1908-1992), Oρέστη Mάλτο (1908-1999), Iωάννη Tραυλό (1908-1985) και Κώστα Καψαμπέλη (1909-1984).
H προετοιμασία του βιβλίου, το οποίο επιμελήθηκε επιστημονικά η Ελένη Φεσσά-Εμμανουήλ, υπήρξε καρπός πενταετούς αρχειακής έρευνας μιας επιστημονικής επιτροπής στην οποία συμμετείχαν και άλλες τρεις αρχιτέκτονες-εταίροι της ΕΑΕ: Δάφνη Tσιμάρα, τ. διευθύντρια της Διεύθυνσης Mελετών Δημοσίων Έργων YΠEXΩΔE, Στυλιανή Kουρκουμέλη-Σπυροπούλου, τ. προϊσταμένη Yπηρεσίας Προστασίας Παραδοσιακών Oικισμών YΠEXΩΔE και μέλος Συμβουλίου Nεωτέρων Mνημείων, Iωάννα Bιλαέτη- Σπυροπούλου, τ. διευθύντρια YΠEXΩΔE και Έρη Μαθιουδάκη-Λυμπερίου, αρχιτέκτων.
Π. Α. ΣΑΚΕΛΛΑΡΙΟΣ, ΑΡΧΙΤΕΚΤΩΝ – AN ARCHITECT'S VISION, P.A. SAKELLARIOS
Στο βιβλίο αυτό σκιαγραφείται η διαδρομή του Κερκυραίου αρχιτέκτονα Περικλή Σακελλάριου (1905-1985), ενός από τους πρωταγωνιστές της ελληνικής αρχιτεκτονικής των ετών 1936-1962. Παράλληλα, τεκμηριώνεται η αξία των έργων του –κυρίως των κατοικιών και μικρών τουριστικών μονάδων– που υπήρξαν καρποί ολικού σχεδιασμού,. Αρκετά από τα έργα αυτά κέρδισαν τη διεθνή αναγνώριση και άντεξαν τη δοκιμασία του χρόνου, επειδή εναρμόνισαν το πνεύμα της εποχής τους με το πνεύμα του τόπου.
AN ARCHITECT'S VISION. P. A. SAKELLARIOS
Potamos Publishers, Athens 2006
The book outlines the career of Corfiot architect Pericles Sakellarios, one of the leading figures in Greek architecture between 1936 and 1962. At the same time the value of his works is documented – especially his houses and small tourist facilities – which won international acclaim and have stood the test of time because they harmonised the spirit of the age with the spirit of the place.
The book is made up of three parts. The first includes: a prologue by E. Sakellariou-Herzog with the title “A life devoted to architecture”, a historical review by H. Fessas-Emmanouil entitled “Pericles Sakellarios: His life and work”, a text by architect Constantinos Decavallas entitled “Pericles Sakellarios, Architect”, a written interview with the architect himself, personal tributes and a chronology. In the second and most important part of the book, the architect’s work is presented by periods, with photographs and drawings that clearly illustrate the progress of his development. The third part includes a complete list of Pericles Sakellarios’s works, an index of buildings, a bibliography and the authors’ biographical notes.
This bilingual edition, with its abundance of primary data and illustrations, is not addressed solely to experts but also to the more demanding broader public within and beyond the frontiers of Greece.
qualifications and attitudes, represent all generations in the broad spectrum of 1920s and 1930s. Most of them studied abroad: in Paris —at the École des beaux arts and the École spéciale d’architecture—, in Germany —at the Technische Hochschulen of Munich, Stuttgart, Karlsruhe and Berlin— and in Istanbul — at the École des
Beaux Art de Constantinople. Only three of them graduated from the National Technical University of Athens which was established in 1917.
The emergence, interaction and evolution of these two building types (i.e. open-air and winter theatres) from the eve of the Greek Revolution to 1940 is the subject of this book. The author’s intention was to approach Neohellenic theatre architecture comprehensively in order to demonstrate not only what it really produced during this period but also why it did so.
The scope of this comprehensive and comparative approach is to interpret Neohellenic theatre space of the 19th and 20th centuries in the broadest context of the civilisation of its time as well as the more specific context of local tradition and circumstances.
Tα δέκα Δοκίμια της Eλένης Φεσσά-Eμμανουήλ, προσεγγίζουν κριτικά ιδέες, πρόσωπα και έργα που σημάδεψαν την πορεία της αρχιτεκτονικής στη νεότερη Eλλάδα. Eυαισθητοποιημένη από την πρόκληση της αρχιτεκτονικής παγκοσμιοποίησης, η συγγραφέας επιδιώκει με τα δέκα κείμενά της: (α) να συμβάλει στην ουσιαστικότερη συσχέτιση της ελληνικής αρχιτεκτονικής του 19ου και του 20ού αιώνα με τη διεθνή, και (β) να βοηθήσει στο να βρούν οι άξιοι έλληνες αρχιτέκτονες, οι ιδέες και το έργο τους τη θέση που δικαιούνται στις ιστορίες της ελληνικής, της ευρωπαϊκής και της παγκόσμιας αρχιτεκτονικής. Έτσι επικεντρώνεται σε θέματα ουσίας και κοινού ενδιαφέροντος για την ελληνική και τη διεθνή πλευρά.
Tο βιβλίο χωρίζεται σε τρία μέρη. Tο πρώτο περιέχει τρία θεωρητικά δοκίμια που προσεγγίζουν θέματα γενικότερου ενδιαφέροντος, και είναι κατά σειρά δημοσίευσης τα εξής: «H ιδεολογική κρίση της νέας ελληνικής αρχιτεκτονικής: 1827-1940», «Πρότυπα, κανόνας και ελευθερία στην αρχιτεκτονική της νεότερης Eλλάδας» και «Zητήματα αρχιτεκτονικής ιστορίας και κριτικής». Aκολουθούν τα δύο μεγάλα ιστορικά μελετήματα «Δημόσια και ιδιωτικά κτίρια γοήτρου στην Eλλάδα, 1945-1990» και «H Aθήνα στο δεύτερο ήμισυ του 20ού αιώνα: Πολεοδομικός μετασχηματισμός και αρχιτεκτονική δημιουργία». Tο βιβλίο κλείνει με πέντε κριτικά δοκίμια, που αποτελούν παρεμβάσεις σε γεγονότα και ζητήματα της ελληνικής αρχιτεκτονικής επικαιρότητας με ιστορική διάσταση.
ideas. It focuses on themes of substance for both the Greek and English-speaking readers, such as: the characteristic features and achievements of modern Greek architecture that have a timeless or more than local value; the course of its relations with international trends and with the lengthy Hellenic tradition; the ability of its creative architects to express the spirit of the
age and to harmonise it with the spirit of the place; the authentic discourse of its theoreticians, historians and critics.
Essays on Neohellenic Architecture is the result of many years of research by the author. The book opens whith a foreword by the architect Vassilis Sgoutas, president of the International Union of Architects (UIA). This is followed by a foreword by Professor George Lavas, a
member of the Academy of Athens (2003-2006), and by the author’s introduction. The corpus of the book is divided into three parts. The first part contains three theoretical essays, which deal with general issues, and are, in the order of publication, as follows: “Ideological and cultural issues in the architecture of modern Greece (1827-1940)”, “Models, rules and freedom in neohellenic architecture”, and “Architectural history and criticism”. Part II consists of two long historical papers: “Prestige architecture in Greece, 1945-1990” and “Athens in the second half of the 20th century: Urban transformation and architectural creation”. The five critical essays of part III were written as commentaries on events and
current Greek architectural affairs to which they provide a historical dimension.
The first phase of the Archive prioritized documenting the invisible work of older women architects, some of whom are no longer alive. These women built their careers in the public sector, the broader public sector, and local government, often producing work that remained unsigned and undervalued. The same is true for women who worked in private companies, cooperative groups with male colleagues, and for the relatively few who practiced freelance professions from positions of responsibility with their own office. In contrast, women who have had academic and research careers since the 1980s have seen their work published, as publication is a prerequisite for their advancement.
Emmanuel V. Marmaras studied architecture at the National Technical University of Athens (NTUA), from which he graduated in 1972. In 1986 he was awarded a doctorate by the NTUA School of Architecture (Department of Urban and Regional Planning) for his thesis “The urban apartment building in Interwar Athens. The beginning of the intensive exploitation of urban land”; in 1993, he received a PhD from the Faculty of Social Sciences (Department of Economic and Social History) at the University of Leicester in Britain, for his thesis “Central London under Reconstruction Policy and Planning, 1940-1959”. His main research interests were: urban geography, town planning, urban development, urban and planning history, preservation and protection of historic urban environment, capital cities (mainly Athens and London), interwar planning and architecture in Greece, Cycladic settlements, journey literature.
Emmanuel V. Marmaras was elected Professor at the Department of Geography of the University of the Aegean, Head of the Department of Geography (2002-2004) and Professor at the School of Architecture of the Technical University of Crete. He served as chairman of the Hellenic Planning and Urban History Association for a three-year term (2003-2006). He has published a considerable number of articles in Greek and international scholarly journals and in the daily press. He authored several books in Greek and co-authored “12 Greek Architects of the Interwar Period” (full text in English and Greek) in collaboration with Helen Fessas-Emmanouil.
The purpose of this presentation was: (a) to reassess the so-called “Papandreou Schools”, in the light of earlier and later modernizing work in this field (i.e. school units of the periods 1895-1928 and 1933-1940) which is generally undermined; and b) to address the issue of architectural heritage, putting forward the following questions:
• What is worth preserving from the legacy of inter-war school architecture and what should give way to new buildings?
• How will its listed buildings be maintained and operated?
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Fessas-Emmanouil, H. (2005), Aristotelis Zachos (Kastoria 1871 – Athens 1939)“, in: Twelve Greek Architects of the Interwar Period, (Billingual, full text in English and Greek), Crete University Press, Herakleion, Crete.
Fessas-Emmanouil, H. (2013), Αριστοτέλης Ζάχος & Josef Durm, Η αλληλογραφία ενός πρωτοπόρου αρχιτέκτονα με τον μέντορά του (Aristotelis Zachos & Josef Durm. The correspondence between a pioneer architect and his mentor), Potamos Editions, Athens.
presentation begins with a brief outline of the αttempts made to address this issue, spanning three decades and proceeds to its reassessment in light of the current situation. Anavatos is a heritage settlement and site in the centre of the island of Chios. It owes its unique character to a multitude of features of historical, environmental, architectural and town planning interest.
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Περίληψη εισήγησης της Ελληνικής Αρχιτεκτονικής Εταιρείας από τις αρχιτέκτονες της Ομάδας Μελέτης του Αναβάτου (Ε. Φεσσά-Εμμανουήλ, Φ. Αναιρούση-Σωτηράκη, Ε. Ματρακίδη-Φίλιππα) στο Επιστημονικό Συνέδριο για την Ανάπτυξη της Χίου (Χίος 5-7.10.2018).
Η περίληψη δημοσιεύτηκε στο περιοδικό ΚΑΜΠΑΝΕΣ, τεύχος 15 / Δεκέμβριος 2019 - Ιανουάριος 2020, σελ. 22-29.
Η παρουσίασή μας αρχίζει με μια σύντομη επισκόπηση των προσπαθειών για την αντιμετώπιση του θέματος επί τριάντα τρία χρόνια (1985-2008) προκειμένου να το επαναπροσεγγίσει υπό το φως των σημερινών δεδομένων. Ο Ανάβατος είναι διατηρητέος οικισμός στο κέντρο της Χίου ιδιαίτερου ιστορικού, περιβαλλοντικού, αρχιτεκτονικού και πολεοδομικού ενδιαφέροντος.
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On Tuesday 16 April 2019 at 19:30, a presentation was held of the book VASSILIOS KOUREMENOS, ARCHITECT, in the East Room of the Academy of Athens. Speakers included Academicians Panagiotis L. Vokotopoulos and Manolis Korres, and the book’s author, Helen Fessas-Emmanouil, historian of architecture and professor emeritus of the University of Athens.
(See: http://www.sadas-pea.gr/11o-panellhnio-synedrio/ )
She observes that the inordinate love of heritage buildings usually goes hand in hand with a lack of faith in the ability of contemporary architects to create an appropriate succession, and states the view that it is useful to consider the question of protecting modern buildings within the broader context of relations between architectural heritage and creation. Then comments are made about the contradictory stance of the competent agencies and a specific Greek feature is pointed out, which dates to earlier times. In Greece, for example, it is the owners, tenants and restorers of listed buildings who are mainly promoted, whereas in Europe and the USA, the protection of modern monuments in principle pays homage primarily to the architects who designed them and their clients.
Το αρχιτεκτονικό έργο του Νίκου Βαλσαμάκη
της Ελένης Φεσσά-Εμμανουήλ*
Από το 1951 μέχρι σήμερα ο Νίκος Βαλσαμάκης εργάζεται συνεχώς και δημιουργεί υποδειγματικά κτίρια, επηρεάζοντας όσο λίγοι την ελληνική αρχιτεκτονική με έργα-σταθμούς της μεταπολεμικής ιστορίας της. Αναγνωρισμένος ως πρωτοπόρος και χαρισματικός μοντερνιστής των δύο πρώτων μεταπολεμικών δεκαετιών, συνέβαλε με το έργο του και στην ποιοτική ανέλιξη της αρχιτεκτονικής των τελευταίων σαράντα χρόνων.
H εισήγησή μου επικεντρώνεται σε τέσσερα θέματα της αρχιτεκτονικής του Βαλσαμάκη: τις βασικές επιδιώξεις και αρχές της, τις σχέσεις της με τα σύγχρονα ρεύματα και τις παραδόσεις –αστική και ανώνυμη–, την ανανεωτική δύναμη του έργου του και την αντοχή του στον χρόνο.
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* Εμπλουτισμένο κείμενο εισήγησης της Ελένης Φεσσά-Εμμανουήλ στην Ημερίδα για τον αρχιτέκτονα Νίκο Βαλσαμάκη που διοργανώθηκε από το περιοδικό ek (Ελληνικές Κατασκευές) και το Ελληνικό Ινστιτούτο Αρχιτεκτονικής και πραγματοποιήθηκε στο Μουσείο Μπενάκη στις 19.12.2015. Το κείμενο της εισήγησης δημοσιεύτηκε στο ηλεκτρονικό περιοδικό greekarchitects.gr με τον τίτλο «Νίκος Βαλσαμάκης, Αρχιτέκτων. Η ανανεωτική δύναμη και διαχρονική
αξία του έργου του»
(http://www.greekarchitects.gr/gr/αρχιτεκτονικες-ματιες/νίκος-βαλσαμάκης-αρχιτέκτων-id10670).
THE ARCHITECTURAL WORK OF NICOS VALSAMAKIS
by Helen Fessas-Emmanouil
In an era when many architects are struggling to attract interest, the work of Nicos Valsamakis confirms Eero Saarinen’s remark that architecture is measured over a time horizon much longer than that used by modern critics and people of the media. From 1951 to the present day, Valsamakis has been working constantly to create exemplary buildings, influencing Greek architecture as few others have done, with projects that are landmarks in its postwar history. This conference paper focuses on four aspects of the architect’s work: its basic aims and principles, its relation to contemporary trends and traditions – urban and anonymous– the renovating power of his work, and its durability over time.
Cultural interaction, modernity and identity.
Τhe friendship and cooperation between a German and a Greek architect (1899-1914)
This presentation is based on my book* about the architectural friendship and collaboration between a German and a Greek architect2 which was the product of lengthy research. It approaches the architecture of the late 1890s and the fourteen turbulent years preceding World War I, a highly significant, but inadequately studied period of European architecture, which coincides with the decline of historicism and eclecticism and the dawn of anti-academic modernism. The period is approached through the relationship and correspondence between pioneer architect Aristotelis Zachos (Kastoria 1871 - Athens 1939) and his philhellene professor and first employer Josef Durm (Karlsruhe 1837-1919). The content of the two men’s letters and documentary material refers to major architectural, town planning, cultural and political developments in this period. In addition, the work of these two architects and the dialogue between them provides insight into recurring issues, such as cultural interaction, identity, the spirit of place (genius loci), the relations between modernity and tradition, the protection of historical monuments, architectural evaluation and architectural competitions.
The presentation is thus structured into three parts. The first part provides the information required for today’s readers to understand the friendship between the two architects. It begins with general information about the era in which they collaborated and corresponded. Then it sketches the historical context in Germany and Greece at that time, emphasizing the intellectual climate in each, the particularities of Karlsruhe and the duchy of Baden, architectural trends, the protection of historical monuments, archaeology and urban development. An attempt is likewise made to approach the architects’ personalities, careers and the relationship between them, so as to associate their course with major historical events. The second part of the presentation includes evidence of Zachos’ architectural collaboration with Durm in Karlsruhe between 1901 and 1905. The correpondence between the two architects and their activities from 1905 to 1914, is the topic of the third part.
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*Helen Fessas-Emmanouil, Αριστοτέλης Ζάχος & Josef Durm, Η αλληλογραφία ενός πρωτοπόρου αρχιτέκτονα με τον μέντορά του (Aristotelis Zachos & Josef Durm. The correspondence between a pioneer architect and his mentor), Potamos Editions, Athens 2013.
FROM THE 19th TO THE 21st CENTURY.
URBAN PLANNING AND THE MODERN ARCHITECTURAL HERITAGE
This publication contains the texts of the introductory speeches and presentations and a summary of the Round Table discussion at the Athens Meeting of the Project “Balkan Capitals from the 19th to the 21st Century: Urban Planning and the Modern Architectural Heritage” (Propylaea Hall, University of Athens, 12. 12. 2005).
The edited texts are published in English with abstracts in Greek.
CONTENTS
George P. Lavvas, Introductory Speech 7
Nikolaos Th. Cholevas, Greetings 11
Vassilis Sgoutas, Greetings 13
& Introduction: Random points raised 15
Georges Prevelakis & Violette Rey, “Empire, Nationalism and the Cold War. The Balkan Urban Iconographies” 19
Anca Bratuleanu, “Bucharest in the 19th and 20th centuries. The evolution of the urban scale” 31
Ljubinka Stoilova, “Sofia in two centuries. Part A” 37
Petar Iokimov, “Sofia in two centuries. Part B” 43
Miloš R. Perović & Dragana Ćorović, “Urban development in Belgrade: Plans and Reality” 51
Aleksandar Ignjatović, “Constructing the capital of Yugoslavism: The Identity of Belgrade Architecture, 1904-1941” 57
Ayşe Nur Ökten, “Urban planning in the course of modernisation and globalization in Istanbul: An overview” 63
Emmanuel Marmaras, “The town planning of Athens during the 19th and early 20th century: A general outline” 75
Helen Fessas-Emmanouil, “The role and work of architects in Athens in the second half of the 20th century: A brief outline” 89
Round Table Discussion 103
Shaping the Balkan Capitals (Proposal by M. R. Perović) 113
Project Titles 119
Highlights of Balkan Architecture and Urban Planning (Proposal by H. Fessas-Emmanouil) 120
Abstracts in English and Greek 121
Participants 145
Illustrations 177
The two men worked chiefly during the Cold War Period, when Greece was attached to the chariot of the Western bloc headed by the United States.
Doxiadis was a planner of genius who charted new paths with his theory of Ekistics. Some of his ideas were ahead of his time, such as his concept of ekistic scales, his approach to networks, his ecological concerns and his large-scale national and regional plans. His approach and teamwork were particularly effective in emergency situations such as constructing settlements in developing countries. His ability to think globally and act locally resonates in today's discourse on human settlements.
Konstantinidis' buildings and theoretical texts provide a solid basis for treating timeless issues in architecture, such as expressing the spirit of a place, harmonizing buildings with the environment, the concept of building types, and concerns about rules and freedom. His approach and work was vindicated in low-income housing, public buildings, hotels and houses, particularly those located by the sea or in the vicinity of ancient Greek monuments. His ability to transcend locality and the spirit of his time is in keeping with today's changing cultural climate.
This is the full text of the architectural presentation of the University of Athens, part of which was included in the television program “National Capodistrian University of Athens” in the series “URBAN LANDSCAPE” presented on the Hellenic Parliament TV channel.
(κεντρικό κτήριο, Πανεπιστημίου 30) και παράλληλα θα μεταδοθεί διαδικτυακά: https://youtu.be/_Tri5D9rYXw
ΠΡΟΓΡΑΜΜΑ ΠΡΩΤΗΣ ΗΜΕΡΑΣ
• Προσφώνηση από τον Πρύτανη του Εθνικού και Καποδιστριακού Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών, καθηγητή Μελέτιο-Αθανάσιο Κ. Δημόπουλο.
• Χαιρετισμός από τον Κοσμήτορα της Φιλοσοφικής Σχολής, καθηγητή Αχιλλέα Χαλδαιάκη.
Σύντομες ομιλίες από:
• τον Πρόεδρο του Τμήματος Θεατρικών Σπουδών, καθηγητή Ιωσήφ Βιβιλάκη, με τίτλο: «Τριάντα χρόνια Τμήμα Θεατρικών Σπουδών».
• τον επίτιμο καθηγητή του Ε.Κ.Π.Α. Βάλτερ Πούχνερ, με τίτλο: «Ο ρόλος του θεάτρου στην Επανάσταση του 1821: Ηθοποιοί στη σκηνή και στο πεδίο των μαχών».
Παρουσίαση του έργου των τιμωμένων καθηγητών από τον Πρόεδρο του Τμήματος Θεατρικών Σπουδών, καθηγητή Ιωσήφ Βιβιλάκη.
Κεντρικές ομιλίες από:
• τον ομότιμο καθηγητή του Ε.Κ.Π.Α. Νάσο Βαγενά, με τίτλο: «Για τον Ippia του Ανδρέα Κάλβου»
• την ομότιμη καθηγήτρια του Ε.Κ.Π.Α. Άννα Ταμπάκη, με τίτλο: «Ιδεολογικές και αισθητικές επιδράσεις του Ευρωπαϊκού Διαφωτισμού στο ελληνικό προεπαναστατικό θέατρο».
Παρουσίαση του επετειακού τόμου με τίτλο: «Τριάντα χρόνια Τμήμα Θεατρικών Σπουδών» από:
• την ομότιμη καθηγήτρια του Ε.Κ.Π.Α. Χρυσόθεμη Σταματοπούλου- Βασιλάκου
• την επίκουρη καθηγήτρια Αλεξία Αλτουβά
• την λέκτορα Ιωάννα Ρεμεδιάκη
Επίδοση τιμητικής πλακέτας στον ομότιμο καθηγητή Νάσο Βαγενά και στην ομότιμη καθηγήτρια Άννα Ταμπάκη.
Ακολουθεί ο σύνδεσμος: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_Tri5D9rYXw
11 & 12 Νοεμβρίου, παράλληλες συνεδρίες στην Aula της Φιλοσοφικής Σχολής και στο Διδασκαλείο νέας ελληνικής γλώσσας (Πανεπιστημιούπολη Ζωγράφου).