Tamas Kozma
Tamas KOZMA is a Professor Emeritus at the University of Debrecen, Hungary. He was the director of the Hungarian Institute for Educational Research (Budapest) between 1990 and 2000 and still serves as senior research advisor. Tamás Kozma was a co-director of the Joint Center of Democracy Education and Government from 1990-1994 and the President of the Committee of Educational Sciences in the Hungarian Academy of Sciences (2008-2011). He is an advisory board member of several international journals (European Education, International Journal of Educational Development). He has also undertaken consultancy assignments with relevant international agencies (UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning, World Council of Comparative Education Societies). He has been the founder and editor of the most prominent Hungarian educational journal (Educatio). He is the founding member and President of the Hungarian Educational Research Association. His research interests concern comparative studies of higher education, regional analysis of social processes and educational change following the political transition in 1990, and implementing and assessing the Bologna process in the Central European region. He is currently involved in the Learning communities and social change research project and evaluating the learning regions (LeaRn). He has published several books on the sociology of organisations as applied to (higher) education and the long-term (strategic) planning of educational systems and policies.
Phone: +36 30 5844067 Mobile, +36 1 3944867 Home / Fax
Address: The University of Debrecen
POBox 17
H-4010 Debrecen
Hungary
Phone: +36 30 5844067 Mobile, +36 1 3944867 Home / Fax
Address: The University of Debrecen
POBox 17
H-4010 Debrecen
Hungary
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Papers by Tamas Kozma
Kulcsszavak: Neveléstörténet, összehasonlító pedagógia, Kelet-Közép-Európa, rendszerváltozás, európai integráció
Like any geographical landscape, the Hungarian Great Plains (Nagy-Alföld) is a complex problem for social research. Its complexity is reflected in its demography. The peculiarities of the Romani population of the Great Plains can be deduced from what is known about other groups of the Romani/Gypsy population. The small town (Mezőtúr)--whose Romani population is the subject of this study--is located in the central Tisza region. Like other surrounding small towns, it has suffered from the political change of 1989-90 and is still searching for its economic role and social identity. The ‘Romanian Gypsy’ (Romani) population of the Great Plains began to move to the town in the 1870s. At that time, the ‘Hungarian Gypsies’ were in the majority; now (2023) it is quite the opposite. The ‘Hungarian Gypsies’ are the urban poor, the target of the city's 'Gypsy policy'. The Romanian Gypsies (Romanies) see themselves as the authentic Gypsy, distancing themselves from the Hungarian Gypsies. They are on a path of integration and upward social mobility. However, this development depends on when and how Mezőtúr can recover from its current stagnation.
Community building and innovation
Társadalmi innovációk akkor keletkeznek, amikor egy közösséget olyan kihívás ér, amely a létét fenyegeti, és amelyet a közösség tagjai csak összefogással és új ötletekkel tudnak elhárítani. De mi történik, ha szembe kell nézni a kihívással, de nincs közösség, nincs, aki szembenézzen vele? A “community building” irodalma szerint a szétesett egykori közösségek többé nem képesek arra, hogy szembenézzenek saját problémáikkal, és még kevésbé képesek arra, hogy saját problémáikat innovativan oldják meg. A társadalmi innováció tehát nem csak egy fenyegető kihívást feltételez - ahogy eddig számos esettanulmánnyal bemutattuk -, hanem közösséget is, amely a kihívással képes szembenézni. Ezért a társadalm innovációk tanulmányozásának kritikus terepe a közösségépítés. Miért veszett el a közösség, ha egykor megvolt? Újjáépíthető-e, ami fölbomlott? Képes-e önállóan újra szerveződni a közösség, vagy kívülről kell segítség hozzá? Hogyan lehet az egykori közösségeket újjászervezni? Ezekre a kérdésekre keresünk feleletet a következő esettanulmányokban.
Kulcsszavak: társadalmi innováció, közösségépítés, problémamegoldás
Community building and innovation
Social innovations arise when a challenge hits the community and threatens its very existence. In such a case, the members of the community can only address the challenge through collaboration and new ideas. What happens however, if the community does not exist any more so the challenge hits the inhabitants individually? According to the “community building” literature, disintegrated communities are no longer able to define their problems, much less able to solve them innovatively. Thus, social innovation is not only the outcome of a threatening challenge, as we have shown in a number of case studies so far (Márkus & Kozma 2019) but also presupposes a community capable of facing the challenge. Therefore, community building is a critical field for the study of societal innovations. Why was the community, once existed, lost? Can a community, once broken down, be rebuilt? Is a community able to reorganize itself, or does it need outside help? We seek answers to these questions in the following case studies.
Key words: social innovation, problemsolving, community building
Hungarian governments regained their control over the structural changes and they begun merging the small-size institutions into big and forceful network hubs. The change of the spatial structure of the Hungarian higher education goes on even today (2018). Partly because of the competitions among European universities for non-European students, and partly because of the rivalry among Hungarian institutions for new students within and outside of their catchment areas in the era of demographic downs that hit the Hungary higher education too.
(Community Learning and Social Innovation). The chapters show the
theoretical frame of the research project, its first results, its methods, and its future perspectives.