The management of plant populations may cause phenotypic changes in the characteristics of a plan... more The management of plant populations may cause phenotypic changes in the characteristics of a plant that is targeted by human selection over time, which can therefore lead to the domestication process. Studies about this approach have shown that managed plant populations have the most interesting features for use by human populations because they have more productive plants and larger fruits. To evaluate this effect, the traditional management of Caryocar coriaceum Wittm (pequi) in the Chapada do Araripe region of Northeast Brazil was studied by using a morphometric and ethnobotanical approach. A morphometric analysis of the fruits was conducted, during which the plants were recorded to the following three different management regimes: cultivation, in situ management (collection) and incipient management (the tolerance and protection of individuals). To test the hypothesis that people perceive natural morphological variations in the fruits, local people perception was assessed through different methods. To assess the possible influence of management regimes on fruit morphology, 40 reproductive individuals cultivated, 40 managed in situ and 36 individuals under incipient management were randomly selected, and 20 fruits of each were collected for the morphometric analyses. The fruits from individuals grown under the cultivation system were significantly different from the individuals who were managed in situ and from those under incipient management. The perception study showed that local people perceive great morphological diversity among the study populations, which was consistent with the findings of the morphometric analyses. Based on these results, it could be said that C. coriaceum is in the early stage of the domestication process.
O trabalho objetivou a realização de inventário sobre as plantas medicinais utilizadas pelos memb... more O trabalho objetivou a realização de inventário sobre as plantas medicinais utilizadas pelos membros da Comunidade Rural de Santo Antônio, Currais, Piauí, e dessa forma analisar o valor de uso e a riqueza de espécies conhecidas. Foram mencionadas 121 espécies pelos 32 entrevistados. As famílias mais representativas foram Fabaceae, Arecaceae e Anacardiaceae. A espécie com maior valor de uso foi a imburana [Amburana cearensis (Allemao) A. C. Sm]. Não houve diferenças significativas quanto ao conhecimento entre gêneros, assim como a renda e escolaridade. No entanto, a idade influenciou significativamente no conhecimento sobre plantas úteis. A riqueza da flora piauiense, marcada por apresentar áreas de transição entre caatinga e cerrado na região sul, oferece uma oportunidade ímpar para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas abrangendo o escopo da biodiversidade vegetal e do conhecimento tradicional associado.
O teor de taninos em três espécies medicinais do semi-árido do Nordeste do Brasil foi determinado... more O teor de taninos em três espécies medicinais do semi-árido do Nordeste do Brasil foi determinado. A partir de amostras das cascas do caule e folhas de 10 indivíduos de Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenam, Myracrodruon urundeuva (Engl.) Fr. All. e Caesalpinia pyramidalis Tul., os teores de fenóis totais e taninos foram determinados em extratos metanólicos 80% pelo método de Folin-Ciocalteau, seguido do método da precipitação de proteínas. Adicionalmente, testou-se a hipótese de que a concentração de taninos está diretamente relacionada com a altura e diâmetro das plantas. As espécies estudadas apresentaram expressivos teores de extrativos tânicos, e os resultados não ratificaram a hipótese testada.
Plant domestication is an evolutionary process guided by human groups who modify the landscape fo... more Plant domestication is an evolutionary process guided by human groups who modify the landscape for their needs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the phenotypic variations between populations of Spondias tuberosa Arruda (umbuzeiro) when subjected to different local landscape management strategies. The influence of the landscape management system on these populations was evaluated in five identified regional units (mountains, base of mountains, pastures, cultivated areas and home gardens). Ten individuals were randomly selected from each region and subjected to morphological and chemical fruit analysis. The diversity index, based on Simpson's index, was determined for the different populations. We then evaluated the morphological differences between the individual fruits from the distinct landscape areas. We observed no significant differences in morphological diversity between the areas studied. Our data suggest that the umbuzeiro specimens in this region may be in the process of incipient domestication.
Background Hunting wild animals is essential for nutrition, clothing, predator control and diseas... more Background Hunting wild animals is essential for nutrition, clothing, predator control and disease treatment. As part of a system based on food choices and uses, it is influenced by ecological, economic and sociocultural patterns. In this context, the aim is to identify the game fauna of interest in the Brazilian semiarid region; indicate the methods, uses, patterns of choices and cultural importance of the fauna and identify which sociodemographic variables influence the knowledge and use of faunal resources. Methods Information on hunting and fauna use was obtained through semi-structured interviews, complemented with free interviews and informal conversations. The cultural importance of the species was calculated through the current use value. The generalized linear model was created to verify whether the sociodemographic profile of hunters influences the knowledge and use of game species. Results The results showed a representativeness of 56 species. The group of birds was the m...
As pessoas selecionam plantas alimenticias para o atendimento as suas necessidades economicas, so... more As pessoas selecionam plantas alimenticias para o atendimento as suas necessidades economicas, sociais e culturais, sendo tal acao humana responsavel por gerar alteracoes geneticas e, presumivelmente, fenotipicas.Esses processo evolutivo e denominado domesticacao. Diante disso o presente estudo tem por objetivo estudar a influencia de praticas locais de coleta e manejo sobre as populacoes de Spondias tuberosa Arruda. em uma area de caatinga no estado de Pernambuco. A pesquisa foi norteada por dois questionamentos: Ha diferencas fenotipicas entre populacoes de Spondias tuberosa Arruda (umbu) submetidas a diferentes regimes de manejo local da paisagem? Caso essas diferencas existam, podem estar associadas a preferencias locais dos coletores? Diante de tais questionamentos foi realizado um estudo Etnobotânico na comunidade de Carao, sendo dividido em duas etapas. Na primeira, visitou-se todas as quintais da comunidade, entrevistando o homem e a mulher responsaveis pela casa. Na segunda...
Background: Brazil has one of the greatest diversity of species of herpetofauna in the world. Ass... more Background: Brazil has one of the greatest diversity of species of herpetofauna in the world. Associated with this diversity of species, rural communities in Brazil have developed a vast knowledge about these animals. Methods: The present research aimed to characterize the knowledge and influence of the socioeconomic variables of the population in the interaction between humans and herpetofauna of the rural area of the municipality of Alagoinhas. The free list method and semistructured questionnaire was used to list the species of the herpetofauna known by the informants. Results: A total amount of 39 species of amphibians and reptiles was cited by the informants. These interact with residents in the categories of food use, magical-religious purposes, medicine, pets and in conflicting relationships. Conclusion: Regarding the results of socioeconomic variables influencing knowledge, time of residence, gender, the location of the community, education level, explained the knowledge ass...
The aroeira (Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão) is a species of high regional value, with medicinal ... more The aroeira (Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão) is a species of high regional value, with medicinal proprieties and wood-like characteristics that make it very useful. With this in mind, the aim of this work was to evaluate the state of knowledge and the uses of M. urundeuva in two communities located close to a fragment of caatinga in the municipality of Caruaru-PE. The studies were completed in about 20 ha of caatinga where 50 semi-permanent parcels were established for analyzing local availability and measuring both the structural parameters (DSL and height) and harvesting of these plant populations. Harvesting was measured by classifying the percent of extracted bark. In parallel, ethnobotanical data collection techniques were used in the communities adjacent to caatinga (Riachão and Ameixas). The two communities had multiple uses for M. urundeuva, including medicinal uses (53.2% of the citations in Riachão, 64.9% in Ameixas) and construction (31.5% in Riachão, 29.7% in Ameixas). T...
Domestication is understood as involving different human actions at distinct levels in the organi... more Domestication is understood as involving different human actions at distinct levels in the organization of biodiversity, from species population level to the level of ecological communities and landscapes (Clement, 1999). The human management of a particular landscape can, for example, result in a more domesticated environment. Desired outputs of that management include an increase in the occurrence of useful species, an altered demographic structure of species, and increased ecosystem productivity (Clement et al., 2010). Anthropogenic forests fit within domesticated landscapes (Balée, 1989) and we have much evidence of large-scale changes of landscapes in the Amazonian rainforest caused by human management (Fraser et al., 2011). A domesticated landscape can be understood as a historical, cultural and evolutionary expression of the relationship between people and their environment, occurring at a specific location that is not necessarily natural or pristine (Balée, 2006; Johnson and...
The free list is a key data collection tool in ethnobotanical studies. For this reason, it is cur... more The free list is a key data collection tool in ethnobotanical studies. For this reason, it is currently receiving a great deal of attention regarding possible methodological limitations. To this end, we aim to investigate the influence of climatic seasonality of the Caatinga ecosystem on the composition of free lists of medicinal plants provided by people from a rural community located in the northeast region of Brazil. People were asked the same trigger question (which medicinal plants do you know?), during the rainy and dry seasons. Comparing the plant lists described during both periods (68 plants), respondent salience in the rainy period was significantly higher than the dry period. However, similarities can be observed between the two lists, especially with respect to their composition and the continued importance of hortelã (Mentha sp.) and alecrim (Lippia sp.), which maintained prominent positions during the rainy and dry seasons. The general analysis of the free lists reveal...
Background: The relationship of people with natural resources is guided by different socio-cultur... more Background: The relationship of people with natural resources is guided by different socio-cultural, ecological and evolutionary factors. Regarding food plants, it is not different. Studies around the world have evaluated the effects of socioeconomic factors, such as age, gender, income, profession, education level, time of residence, ethnic diversity, religion, festive rituals, access to urban areas and migrations. In this sense, the objective of the present study was characterize the diversity of knowledge and use of food plants by people from Serra dos Morgados and evaluate if the socioeconomic factors influence knowledge and consumption of food plants in the community. Methodology: This research was conducted in the village of Serra dos Morgados, municipality of Jaguarari, Bahia, with the purpose of evaluating the factors that influence in the knowledge and use of food plants. Socioeconomic data such as age, gender, time of residence, and monthly income were collected. The free ...
The management of plant populations may cause phenotypic changes in the characteristics of a plan... more The management of plant populations may cause phenotypic changes in the characteristics of a plant that is targeted by human selection over time, which can therefore lead to the domestication process. Studies about this approach have shown that managed plant populations have the most interesting features for use by human populations because they have more productive plants and larger fruits. To evaluate this effect, the traditional management of Caryocar coriaceum Wittm (pequi) in the Chapada do Araripe region of Northeast Brazil was studied by using a morphometric and ethnobotanical approach. A morphometric analysis of the fruits was conducted, during which the plants were recorded to the following three different management regimes: cultivation, in situ management (collection) and incipient management (the tolerance and protection of individuals). To test the hypothesis that people perceive natural morphological variations in the fruits, local people perception was assessed through different methods. To assess the possible influence of management regimes on fruit morphology, 40 reproductive individuals cultivated, 40 managed in situ and 36 individuals under incipient management were randomly selected, and 20 fruits of each were collected for the morphometric analyses. The fruits from individuals grown under the cultivation system were significantly different from the individuals who were managed in situ and from those under incipient management. The perception study showed that local people perceive great morphological diversity among the study populations, which was consistent with the findings of the morphometric analyses. Based on these results, it could be said that C. coriaceum is in the early stage of the domestication process.
O trabalho objetivou a realização de inventário sobre as plantas medicinais utilizadas pelos memb... more O trabalho objetivou a realização de inventário sobre as plantas medicinais utilizadas pelos membros da Comunidade Rural de Santo Antônio, Currais, Piauí, e dessa forma analisar o valor de uso e a riqueza de espécies conhecidas. Foram mencionadas 121 espécies pelos 32 entrevistados. As famílias mais representativas foram Fabaceae, Arecaceae e Anacardiaceae. A espécie com maior valor de uso foi a imburana [Amburana cearensis (Allemao) A. C. Sm]. Não houve diferenças significativas quanto ao conhecimento entre gêneros, assim como a renda e escolaridade. No entanto, a idade influenciou significativamente no conhecimento sobre plantas úteis. A riqueza da flora piauiense, marcada por apresentar áreas de transição entre caatinga e cerrado na região sul, oferece uma oportunidade ímpar para o desenvolvimento de pesquisas abrangendo o escopo da biodiversidade vegetal e do conhecimento tradicional associado.
O teor de taninos em três espécies medicinais do semi-árido do Nordeste do Brasil foi determinado... more O teor de taninos em três espécies medicinais do semi-árido do Nordeste do Brasil foi determinado. A partir de amostras das cascas do caule e folhas de 10 indivíduos de Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenam, Myracrodruon urundeuva (Engl.) Fr. All. e Caesalpinia pyramidalis Tul., os teores de fenóis totais e taninos foram determinados em extratos metanólicos 80% pelo método de Folin-Ciocalteau, seguido do método da precipitação de proteínas. Adicionalmente, testou-se a hipótese de que a concentração de taninos está diretamente relacionada com a altura e diâmetro das plantas. As espécies estudadas apresentaram expressivos teores de extrativos tânicos, e os resultados não ratificaram a hipótese testada.
Plant domestication is an evolutionary process guided by human groups who modify the landscape fo... more Plant domestication is an evolutionary process guided by human groups who modify the landscape for their needs. The objective of this study was to evaluate the phenotypic variations between populations of Spondias tuberosa Arruda (umbuzeiro) when subjected to different local landscape management strategies. The influence of the landscape management system on these populations was evaluated in five identified regional units (mountains, base of mountains, pastures, cultivated areas and home gardens). Ten individuals were randomly selected from each region and subjected to morphological and chemical fruit analysis. The diversity index, based on Simpson's index, was determined for the different populations. We then evaluated the morphological differences between the individual fruits from the distinct landscape areas. We observed no significant differences in morphological diversity between the areas studied. Our data suggest that the umbuzeiro specimens in this region may be in the process of incipient domestication.
Background Hunting wild animals is essential for nutrition, clothing, predator control and diseas... more Background Hunting wild animals is essential for nutrition, clothing, predator control and disease treatment. As part of a system based on food choices and uses, it is influenced by ecological, economic and sociocultural patterns. In this context, the aim is to identify the game fauna of interest in the Brazilian semiarid region; indicate the methods, uses, patterns of choices and cultural importance of the fauna and identify which sociodemographic variables influence the knowledge and use of faunal resources. Methods Information on hunting and fauna use was obtained through semi-structured interviews, complemented with free interviews and informal conversations. The cultural importance of the species was calculated through the current use value. The generalized linear model was created to verify whether the sociodemographic profile of hunters influences the knowledge and use of game species. Results The results showed a representativeness of 56 species. The group of birds was the m...
As pessoas selecionam plantas alimenticias para o atendimento as suas necessidades economicas, so... more As pessoas selecionam plantas alimenticias para o atendimento as suas necessidades economicas, sociais e culturais, sendo tal acao humana responsavel por gerar alteracoes geneticas e, presumivelmente, fenotipicas.Esses processo evolutivo e denominado domesticacao. Diante disso o presente estudo tem por objetivo estudar a influencia de praticas locais de coleta e manejo sobre as populacoes de Spondias tuberosa Arruda. em uma area de caatinga no estado de Pernambuco. A pesquisa foi norteada por dois questionamentos: Ha diferencas fenotipicas entre populacoes de Spondias tuberosa Arruda (umbu) submetidas a diferentes regimes de manejo local da paisagem? Caso essas diferencas existam, podem estar associadas a preferencias locais dos coletores? Diante de tais questionamentos foi realizado um estudo Etnobotânico na comunidade de Carao, sendo dividido em duas etapas. Na primeira, visitou-se todas as quintais da comunidade, entrevistando o homem e a mulher responsaveis pela casa. Na segunda...
Background: Brazil has one of the greatest diversity of species of herpetofauna in the world. Ass... more Background: Brazil has one of the greatest diversity of species of herpetofauna in the world. Associated with this diversity of species, rural communities in Brazil have developed a vast knowledge about these animals. Methods: The present research aimed to characterize the knowledge and influence of the socioeconomic variables of the population in the interaction between humans and herpetofauna of the rural area of the municipality of Alagoinhas. The free list method and semistructured questionnaire was used to list the species of the herpetofauna known by the informants. Results: A total amount of 39 species of amphibians and reptiles was cited by the informants. These interact with residents in the categories of food use, magical-religious purposes, medicine, pets and in conflicting relationships. Conclusion: Regarding the results of socioeconomic variables influencing knowledge, time of residence, gender, the location of the community, education level, explained the knowledge ass...
The aroeira (Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão) is a species of high regional value, with medicinal ... more The aroeira (Myracrodruon urundeuva Allemão) is a species of high regional value, with medicinal proprieties and wood-like characteristics that make it very useful. With this in mind, the aim of this work was to evaluate the state of knowledge and the uses of M. urundeuva in two communities located close to a fragment of caatinga in the municipality of Caruaru-PE. The studies were completed in about 20 ha of caatinga where 50 semi-permanent parcels were established for analyzing local availability and measuring both the structural parameters (DSL and height) and harvesting of these plant populations. Harvesting was measured by classifying the percent of extracted bark. In parallel, ethnobotanical data collection techniques were used in the communities adjacent to caatinga (Riachão and Ameixas). The two communities had multiple uses for M. urundeuva, including medicinal uses (53.2% of the citations in Riachão, 64.9% in Ameixas) and construction (31.5% in Riachão, 29.7% in Ameixas). T...
Domestication is understood as involving different human actions at distinct levels in the organi... more Domestication is understood as involving different human actions at distinct levels in the organization of biodiversity, from species population level to the level of ecological communities and landscapes (Clement, 1999). The human management of a particular landscape can, for example, result in a more domesticated environment. Desired outputs of that management include an increase in the occurrence of useful species, an altered demographic structure of species, and increased ecosystem productivity (Clement et al., 2010). Anthropogenic forests fit within domesticated landscapes (Balée, 1989) and we have much evidence of large-scale changes of landscapes in the Amazonian rainforest caused by human management (Fraser et al., 2011). A domesticated landscape can be understood as a historical, cultural and evolutionary expression of the relationship between people and their environment, occurring at a specific location that is not necessarily natural or pristine (Balée, 2006; Johnson and...
The free list is a key data collection tool in ethnobotanical studies. For this reason, it is cur... more The free list is a key data collection tool in ethnobotanical studies. For this reason, it is currently receiving a great deal of attention regarding possible methodological limitations. To this end, we aim to investigate the influence of climatic seasonality of the Caatinga ecosystem on the composition of free lists of medicinal plants provided by people from a rural community located in the northeast region of Brazil. People were asked the same trigger question (which medicinal plants do you know?), during the rainy and dry seasons. Comparing the plant lists described during both periods (68 plants), respondent salience in the rainy period was significantly higher than the dry period. However, similarities can be observed between the two lists, especially with respect to their composition and the continued importance of hortelã (Mentha sp.) and alecrim (Lippia sp.), which maintained prominent positions during the rainy and dry seasons. The general analysis of the free lists reveal...
Background: The relationship of people with natural resources is guided by different socio-cultur... more Background: The relationship of people with natural resources is guided by different socio-cultural, ecological and evolutionary factors. Regarding food plants, it is not different. Studies around the world have evaluated the effects of socioeconomic factors, such as age, gender, income, profession, education level, time of residence, ethnic diversity, religion, festive rituals, access to urban areas and migrations. In this sense, the objective of the present study was characterize the diversity of knowledge and use of food plants by people from Serra dos Morgados and evaluate if the socioeconomic factors influence knowledge and consumption of food plants in the community. Methodology: This research was conducted in the village of Serra dos Morgados, municipality of Jaguarari, Bahia, with the purpose of evaluating the factors that influence in the knowledge and use of food plants. Socioeconomic data such as age, gender, time of residence, and monthly income were collected. The free ...
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