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Nuno M . Pedroso

Universidade de Évora, MED - Instituto Mediterrâneo para a Agricultura, Ambiente e Desenvolvimento, Researcher, Executive Director

Universidade de São Paulo, Centro de Energia Nuclear na Agricultura, colaborator

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My main interests are mammalian ecology and conservation, especially carnivores. I work on the influence of anthropic environments in the ecology and adaptation of semi-aquatic mammals and their prey. I’m also interested in environmental policy and impact assessment regarding biodiversity and conservation. Lately I’ve been conducting work also on antimicrobial resistance dissemination effects in wildlife.

I have more than 15 years of experience in different areas, including the private sector, the academia and non-governmental organizations, mainly related to conservation and environmental issues.

I participate and collaborated in several monitoring and environmental impact projects, three LIFE projects and several other investigation projects. I was responsible for around two dozen courses on environment issues (conservation, wildlife practical courses, environmental education, ecology, environmental impact).

I finished my PhD in December 2012, in Ecology (Biology).

I´m also author of three thesis, and more than 30 book chapters and scientific papers as main or collaborating author, as well as more than 10 other publications.

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Papers by Nuno M . Pedroso

Integrating remote sensing data on habitat suitability and functional connectivity to inform multitaxa roadkill mitigation plans

Landscape Ecology

Charcos Temporários do Sul de Portugal

Este livro oferece, de uma forma simplificada, uma visão integrada da biodiversidade dos charcos ... more

Illustrated Guide of the South-West Coast Mediterranean Temporary Ponds

Os Charcos Temporários Mediterrânicos são dos habitats mais extraordinários da região Mediterrâni... more Os Charcos Temporários Mediterrânicos são dos habitats mais extraordinários da região Mediterrânica. Este guia pretende contribuir para a disseminação do conhecimento sobre estes habitats frágeis e as espécies neles presentes, ajudando deste modo à sua conservação a longo prazo. O guia está dividido em três capítulos principais (introdução, flora e fauna) e pretende divulgar as espécies mais características e emblemáticas deste habitat. Algumas das espécies que aqui ocorrem, nomeadamente de plantas, anfíbios e crustáceos de água doce, são espécies raras, de distribuição muito reduzida, endémicas ou com estatuto de proteção

Neotropical Otters as Promoters of Environmental Awareness

IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 2019

Manual De Boas Práticas Para A Conservação Dos Charcos Temporários Mediterrânicos

Este Manual de Boas Praticas pretende divulgar as medidas de gestão sustentável que permitem comp... more

Carnívoros (Carnivora)

Os Carnívoros são muito diversos em termos de forma, tamanho e função ecológica, com pesos que va... more Os Carnívoros são muito diversos em termos de forma, tamanho e função ecológica, com pesos que variam entre 35 g (doninha) e 800 Kg (urso polar). Nem todos são carnívoros no sentido estrito, mas todos possuem dentes carniceiros e, geralmente, mandíbulas fortes. A família Canidae, que inclui os lobos e raposas, é composta por espécies geralmente oportunistas e adaptáveis. Podem ser solitários ou sociais e são a família com a distribuição mundial mais vasta, estando presente em todos os continentes exceto a Antártida. A família Mustelidae inclui doninhas, arminhos, toirões, visões, martas, lontras e texugos. É amplamente distribuída e diversa, com muitas espécies maioritariamente solitárias, ocupando a maioria dos habitats terrestres, mas também ambientes de água doce, salobra e salgada. A família Felidae, que inclui os gatos e linces, apresenta a dieta mais carnívora desta ordem, sendo considerados hipercarnívoros. A maioria das espécies é solitária, territorial e tende a viver em am...

Hacia un conocimiento más completo de la distribución de mamíferos en la Península Ibérica: el atlas de mamíferos de Portugal

Non-invasive hair sampling of Neotropical otters

Biota Neotropica, 2018

Otter fecal enterococci as general indicators of antimicrobial resistance dissemination in aquatic environments

Ecological Indicators, 2018

Mesocarnivore community structure under predator control: Unintended patterns in a conservation context

PLOS ONE, 2019

Escherichia coli is not a suitable fecal indicator to assess water fecal contamination by otters

Brazilian Journal of Biology, 2017

The detection of pathogenic microorganisms in aquatic environments is extremely relevant in terms... more The detection of pathogenic microorganisms in aquatic environments is extremely relevant in terms of public health. As these laboratorial methodologies are usually difficult, expensive and time-consuming, they are frequently replaced by the assessment of fecal indicator bacteria, such as Escherichia coli. This study aimed to assess the presence of E. coli in fecal samples from Neotropical otters, to evaluate its potential as fecal indicator to be applied to the determination of water microbiological quality in areas where otters’ populations are high. Twenty-six otter fecal samples, collected in Alto Paranapanema river basin, São Paulo State, Brazil, were analyzed for the presence of E. coli, using conventional bacteriological methods. Only 8 scat samples (30%) were E. coli positive, indicating that this microorganism is not a suitable fecal indicator to assess water fecal contamination by Neotropical otters, and should not be used to infer the presence of otter related pathogens in...

The Eurasian otter Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) in Portugal

Munibe Monographs. Nature Series, 2014

Environmental Impact Assessment in the marine environment: A comparison of legal frameworks

Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 2015

Long Term Monitoring of the Eurasian Otter in the Alqueva Dam

Hystrix

There are few examples of long term monitoring studies involving otters and dams, although the nu... more There are few examples of long term monitoring studies involving otters and dams, although the number of these infrastructures is progressively increasing. We monitored Eurasian otter Lutra lutra responses to the construction of the Alqueva dam (250 km2, SE Portugal) during: pre deforestation/flooding (1999-2000); deforestation (2001); flooding (2002-2003); and post flooding (2004-2006). In each phase, 600m long transects were surveyed for otter presence every three months in forty-eight 1km2 wide cells selected within the flooding area. Each survey site was characterised in terms of otter habitat (e.g. resting sites, water, corridors) and related with otter presence. In eight survey sites, we collected otter scats to assess diet and compare it with prey availability using electrofishing, nets and traps. Otter presence was widespread prior to dam construction (88.2% of the surveyed area), slightly decreasing during deforestation (74.9%), and exhibiting a major decrease during the fl...

Bacterial diversity in faecal microbiota of badgers (Meles meles Linnaeus, 1758) in Portugal

The Eurasian badger Meles melesLinnaeus (1758) is amedium-sized carnivore, widely distributed in ... more The Eurasian badger Meles melesLinnaeus (1758) is amedium-sized carnivore, widely distributed in Europe, including Portugal. Badgers can be affected by viral, bacterial,mycotic and parasitic diseases. However, most studies regarding bacterial diseases are focused on Mycobacterium, and little is known about the occurrence of other bacterial genera. This work represents a first approach to characterize the badgers faecal microbiota in samples collected in “Serra de Grândola”, amountainous area located in the coastal south western region of Portugal. Animals were captured and handled following the recommendations of the Animal Welfare Protocol of the European Union. Faecal samples were collected after anaesthesia. The microbiota studied included aerobic and sporulating anaerobic bacteria. Bacterial isolateswere obtained using conventional microbiological methods and identified based on morphology and metabolic pathways. It was possible to isolate and identify several gram negative and ...

Antimicrobial Resistant Aeromonas Isolated from Eurasian Otters (Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758) in Portugal

Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758) are predators (Carnivora, Mustelidae) that evolved t... more Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758) are predators (Carnivora, Mustelidae) that evolved the ability to swim and forage in water. They may be present in a wide range of aquatic environments, including coastal areas, dams, rivers and streams, being important elements of biodiversity. In Portugal these animals are widely spread throughout the country. Aeromonas are ubiquitous gram-negative bacteria found in a broad range of aquatic environments and contaminated food, and have been associated with human and animal diseases. From the 14 species described, the most important pathogens related with gastroenteritis and serious wound infections are Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas caviae and Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria. These species are

Virulence traits and antibiotic resistance among enterococci isolated from Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra)

Veterinary Microbiology, 2013

Antimicrobial-Resistant Salmonella Isolated from Eurasian Otters (Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758) in Portugal

Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 2010

Assessing dam implementation impact on threatened carnivores: the case of Alqueva in SE Portugal

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2007

Prey availability and diet of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) on a large reservoir and associated tributaries

Canadian Journal of Zoology, 2007

Eurasian otter, Lutra lutra (L., 1758), spraints collected at the Aguieira hydroelectric dam (cen... more Eurasian otter, Lutra lutra (L., 1758), spraints collected at the Aguieira hydroelectric dam (central Portugal, n = 916) and tributaries (n = 412) were analysed to assess diet compared with prey availability. Fish and crayfish abundances in the reservoir were assessed with fyke and trammel nets. Prey availability in the tributaries was estimated by electrofishing. In both the reservoir and its tributaries, fish were the main prey and consisted predominantly of Lepomis gibbosus (L., 1758) (60%–65% of occurrences), which is an introduced species of Centrachidae that is abundant in the reservoir but is almost absent in the tributaries. These data suggest that otters using the tributaries feed predominantly in the reservoir. Seasonal dietary variations corresponded to increased availability of nonfish prey categories. Capture vs. consumption analyses demonstrated that otters did not consume L. gibbosus according to its availability. In fact, L. gibbosus was consumed less frequently when...

Integrating remote sensing data on habitat suitability and functional connectivity to inform multitaxa roadkill mitigation plans

Landscape Ecology

Charcos Temporários do Sul de Portugal

Este livro oferece, de uma forma simplificada, uma visão integrada da biodiversidade dos charcos ... more

Illustrated Guide of the South-West Coast Mediterranean Temporary Ponds

Os Charcos Temporários Mediterrânicos são dos habitats mais extraordinários da região Mediterrâni... more Os Charcos Temporários Mediterrânicos são dos habitats mais extraordinários da região Mediterrânica. Este guia pretende contribuir para a disseminação do conhecimento sobre estes habitats frágeis e as espécies neles presentes, ajudando deste modo à sua conservação a longo prazo. O guia está dividido em três capítulos principais (introdução, flora e fauna) e pretende divulgar as espécies mais características e emblemáticas deste habitat. Algumas das espécies que aqui ocorrem, nomeadamente de plantas, anfíbios e crustáceos de água doce, são espécies raras, de distribuição muito reduzida, endémicas ou com estatuto de proteção

Neotropical Otters as Promoters of Environmental Awareness

IUCN Otter Specialist Group Bulletin, 2019

Manual De Boas Práticas Para A Conservação Dos Charcos Temporários Mediterrânicos

Este Manual de Boas Praticas pretende divulgar as medidas de gestão sustentável que permitem comp... more

Carnívoros (Carnivora)

Os Carnívoros são muito diversos em termos de forma, tamanho e função ecológica, com pesos que va... more Os Carnívoros são muito diversos em termos de forma, tamanho e função ecológica, com pesos que variam entre 35 g (doninha) e 800 Kg (urso polar). Nem todos são carnívoros no sentido estrito, mas todos possuem dentes carniceiros e, geralmente, mandíbulas fortes. A família Canidae, que inclui os lobos e raposas, é composta por espécies geralmente oportunistas e adaptáveis. Podem ser solitários ou sociais e são a família com a distribuição mundial mais vasta, estando presente em todos os continentes exceto a Antártida. A família Mustelidae inclui doninhas, arminhos, toirões, visões, martas, lontras e texugos. É amplamente distribuída e diversa, com muitas espécies maioritariamente solitárias, ocupando a maioria dos habitats terrestres, mas também ambientes de água doce, salobra e salgada. A família Felidae, que inclui os gatos e linces, apresenta a dieta mais carnívora desta ordem, sendo considerados hipercarnívoros. A maioria das espécies é solitária, territorial e tende a viver em am...

Hacia un conocimiento más completo de la distribución de mamíferos en la Península Ibérica: el atlas de mamíferos de Portugal

Non-invasive hair sampling of Neotropical otters

Biota Neotropica, 2018

Otter fecal enterococci as general indicators of antimicrobial resistance dissemination in aquatic environments

Ecological Indicators, 2018

Mesocarnivore community structure under predator control: Unintended patterns in a conservation context

PLOS ONE, 2019

Escherichia coli is not a suitable fecal indicator to assess water fecal contamination by otters

Brazilian Journal of Biology, 2017

The detection of pathogenic microorganisms in aquatic environments is extremely relevant in terms... more The detection of pathogenic microorganisms in aquatic environments is extremely relevant in terms of public health. As these laboratorial methodologies are usually difficult, expensive and time-consuming, they are frequently replaced by the assessment of fecal indicator bacteria, such as Escherichia coli. This study aimed to assess the presence of E. coli in fecal samples from Neotropical otters, to evaluate its potential as fecal indicator to be applied to the determination of water microbiological quality in areas where otters’ populations are high. Twenty-six otter fecal samples, collected in Alto Paranapanema river basin, São Paulo State, Brazil, were analyzed for the presence of E. coli, using conventional bacteriological methods. Only 8 scat samples (30%) were E. coli positive, indicating that this microorganism is not a suitable fecal indicator to assess water fecal contamination by Neotropical otters, and should not be used to infer the presence of otter related pathogens in...

The Eurasian otter Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) in Portugal

Munibe Monographs. Nature Series, 2014

Environmental Impact Assessment in the marine environment: A comparison of legal frameworks

Environmental Impact Assessment Review, 2015

Long Term Monitoring of the Eurasian Otter in the Alqueva Dam

Hystrix

There are few examples of long term monitoring studies involving otters and dams, although the nu... more There are few examples of long term monitoring studies involving otters and dams, although the number of these infrastructures is progressively increasing. We monitored Eurasian otter Lutra lutra responses to the construction of the Alqueva dam (250 km2, SE Portugal) during: pre deforestation/flooding (1999-2000); deforestation (2001); flooding (2002-2003); and post flooding (2004-2006). In each phase, 600m long transects were surveyed for otter presence every three months in forty-eight 1km2 wide cells selected within the flooding area. Each survey site was characterised in terms of otter habitat (e.g. resting sites, water, corridors) and related with otter presence. In eight survey sites, we collected otter scats to assess diet and compare it with prey availability using electrofishing, nets and traps. Otter presence was widespread prior to dam construction (88.2% of the surveyed area), slightly decreasing during deforestation (74.9%), and exhibiting a major decrease during the fl...

Bacterial diversity in faecal microbiota of badgers (Meles meles Linnaeus, 1758) in Portugal

The Eurasian badger Meles melesLinnaeus (1758) is amedium-sized carnivore, widely distributed in ... more The Eurasian badger Meles melesLinnaeus (1758) is amedium-sized carnivore, widely distributed in Europe, including Portugal. Badgers can be affected by viral, bacterial,mycotic and parasitic diseases. However, most studies regarding bacterial diseases are focused on Mycobacterium, and little is known about the occurrence of other bacterial genera. This work represents a first approach to characterize the badgers faecal microbiota in samples collected in “Serra de Grândola”, amountainous area located in the coastal south western region of Portugal. Animals were captured and handled following the recommendations of the Animal Welfare Protocol of the European Union. Faecal samples were collected after anaesthesia. The microbiota studied included aerobic and sporulating anaerobic bacteria. Bacterial isolateswere obtained using conventional microbiological methods and identified based on morphology and metabolic pathways. It was possible to isolate and identify several gram negative and ...

Antimicrobial Resistant Aeromonas Isolated from Eurasian Otters (Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758) in Portugal

Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758) are predators (Carnivora, Mustelidae) that evolved t... more Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758) are predators (Carnivora, Mustelidae) that evolved the ability to swim and forage in water. They may be present in a wide range of aquatic environments, including coastal areas, dams, rivers and streams, being important elements of biodiversity. In Portugal these animals are widely spread throughout the country. Aeromonas are ubiquitous gram-negative bacteria found in a broad range of aquatic environments and contaminated food, and have been associated with human and animal diseases. From the 14 species described, the most important pathogens related with gastroenteritis and serious wound infections are Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas caviae and Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria. These species are

Virulence traits and antibiotic resistance among enterococci isolated from Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra)

Veterinary Microbiology, 2013

Antimicrobial-Resistant Salmonella Isolated from Eurasian Otters (Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758) in Portugal

Journal of Wildlife Diseases, 2010

Assessing dam implementation impact on threatened carnivores: the case of Alqueva in SE Portugal

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 2007

Prey availability and diet of the Eurasian otter (Lutra lutra) on a large reservoir and associated tributaries

Canadian Journal of Zoology, 2007

Eurasian otter, Lutra lutra (L., 1758), spraints collected at the Aguieira hydroelectric dam (cen... more Eurasian otter, Lutra lutra (L., 1758), spraints collected at the Aguieira hydroelectric dam (central Portugal, n = 916) and tributaries (n = 412) were analysed to assess diet compared with prey availability. Fish and crayfish abundances in the reservoir were assessed with fyke and trammel nets. Prey availability in the tributaries was estimated by electrofishing. In both the reservoir and its tributaries, fish were the main prey and consisted predominantly of Lepomis gibbosus (L., 1758) (60%–65% of occurrences), which is an introduced species of Centrachidae that is abundant in the reservoir but is almost absent in the tributaries. These data suggest that otters using the tributaries feed predominantly in the reservoir. Seasonal dietary variations corresponded to increased availability of nonfish prey categories. Capture vs. consumption analyses demonstrated that otters did not consume L. gibbosus according to its availability. In fact, L. gibbosus was consumed less frequently when...

The Neotropical otter in a region of São Paulo State, Brazil: a socioecological approach

LO QUE COMEN LAS NUTRIAS IBÉRICAS

Resumen A partir de la recopilación de estudios de dieta de la nutria en 200 localidades ibéricas... more Resumen A partir de la recopilación de estudios de dieta de la nutria en 200 localidades ibéricas se identificaron los principales gradientes de variación en su composición, tanto a nivel espacial como temporal. Los peces son el tipo de presa más frecuente en la dieta de la nutria, aunque en la Península Ibérica su dominancia es menor que en áreas del centro de Europa. El consumo de peces varía con el tipo de hábitat, siendo máximo en las zonas de costa rocosa y mínimo en embalses y humedales. En aguas continentales la altitud es el factor que más influye en la composición de la dieta, dominada en zonas bajas por la anguila, el cangrejo rojo y diversas especies de peces introducidos, mientras que en altitudes medias lo está por los ciprínidos autóctonos y en las más elevadas por la trucha. El consumo de especies de peces introducidos decrece con la altitud, pero es siempre superior en sistemas de aguas quietas que en ríos y arroyos. La depredación sobre el cangrejo rojo ha experimentado un claro incremento en el último cuarto de siglo. En zonas costeras rocosas la presencia de presas de origen continental es casi nula, pero en estuarios y marismas, donde la anguila es la presa más frecuente, suponen alrededor del 50% de la dieta. Finalmente, se identificaron aspectos aún poco conocidos sobre la composición de la dieta y la ecología trófica de la nutria y se plantean preguntas de amplio interés ecológico en los que el estudio de la dieta de la nutria debe ser un elemento clave. Abstract We collected data on otter diet composition in 200 Iberian localities in order to identify its main spatial and temporal gradients of variation. Fish are the most frequent otter prey, although in the Iberian Peninsula their dominance is lower than in central European temperate areas. Fish consumption changes with habitat type, being maximum in rocky coastal areas and minimum in reservoirs and wetlands. Altitude is the main factor affecting otter diet composition in inland waters. In lowlands otter diet is dominated by eel, red swamp crayfish and different alien fish species, while at median altitudes otter predates mainly upon native cyprinids and at higher ones trout is the most frequent prey. The consumption of invasive fish species decreases with altitude,

Pedroso et al 2014 Eurasian otter in Portugal

Eurasian otters Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) are known to occur in Portugal since historical time... more Eurasian otters Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) are known to occur in Portugal since historical times but only in 1995 a national survey confirmed the species' broad distribution. Since then, studies and projects conducted in different aquatic environments indicate the existence of a healthy population, the availability of vegetation cover, water and prey being the major factors explaining otter presence. Spraint analyses showed that fish, amphibians and American crayfish form the bulk of otter diet. Due to increasing knowledge about the species ecology and distribution , in 2005, otter status was changed, from " Insufficiently Known " to " Least Concern ". Recent main lines of investigation have become increasingly threat specific and include: otter use of reservoirs, man-otter conflicts (fish farming), otters and non-native species interactions (prevalence in otter diet; competition with American mink) and otters and antimicrobial resistant bacteria. Destruction of the riparian vegetation commonly associated with dam construction, river regulation, agricultural expansion, gravel and sand extraction, as well as the development of tourism in, costal and wetland areas are still potential threats to otter populations. Overall, in the near future otters seem safe from major disrupting settings but otter conservation and effective management are still an important issues. This is especially relevant in the Iberian Peninsula , as climate changes are expected to reduce suitable otter habitats. Knowledge gaps and future research needs are also addressed in this chapter. RESUMEN La presencia de la nutria euroasiática Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) en Portugal se conoce desde tiempos históricos, pero no fue hasta 1995 cuando gracias a un sondeo nacional se confirmó la amplia distribución de la especie. Desde entonces, se han realizado múltiples estudios y proyectos en diferentes ambientes acuáticos que indican la existencia de una población sana, siendo la disponibilidad de cobertura vegetal, el agua y las presas los principales factores que explican la presencia de la nutria. Los análisis de excrementos mostraron que los peces, los anfibios y el cangrejo de río americano forman el grueso de la dieta de la nutria. Debido al aumento de los conocimientos sobre la ecología y distribución de la especie, en 2005, el estado de la nutria pasó de "Insuficientemente Conocida" a "Preocupación Menor". Recientes líneas de investigación se han dado a conocer un aumento de amenazas específicas que incluyen: el uso de los embalses por parte de las nutrias, los conflictos hombre-nutria (acuicultura), y las interacciones entre las nutrias y las especies no nativas (prevalencia en la dieta de la nutria , la competencia con el visón americano) y las nutrias y bacterias resistentes a los antimicrobianos. La destrucción de la vegetación de ribera aso-ciada comúnmente con la construcción de presas, la regulación de caudales, la expansión agrícola, la extracción de grava y arena, así como el desarrollo del turismo en zonas costeras y humedales son potenciales amenazas a las poblaciones de nutria. En general, a corto plazo las nutrias parecen a salvo de las principales afecciones pero su conservación y su correcta gestión siguen siendo un problema importante. Esto es especialmente relevante en la Península Ibérica, pues se espera que los cambios climáticos reduzcan los hábitats adecuados para la nu-tria. En esta capítulo se abordan también temas como la falta de datos existentes y las necesidades de investigación futuras. LABURPENA Lutra lutra (Linnaeus, 1758) igaraba eurasiarraren presentzia antzinatik ezagutzen dugu, baina 1995. urtean egindako Estatu mailako zun-daketari esker baieztatu zuten espeziea toki zabalean banatuta dagoela. Ordutik uretako hainbat ingurunetan egin izan diren ikerketa eta proiektu ugariek agerian utzi dute populazio osasuntsua dagoela bertan eta igarabaren presentzia ahalbidetzen duten faktore nagusiak ho-nako hauek dira: estaldura begetala, ura eta harrapakinak izatea. Gorotzen azterketek bistaratu zutenez, igarabaren dietako elementu nagu-siak honako hauek dira: arrainak, anfibioak eta ibai-karramarro amerikarra. Espeziearen banaketari eta ekologiari buruzko ezagutzak ugaritu izanaren ondorioz, 2005ean, igarabaren egoera "ez da behar adina ezaguna" izatetik, "kezka txikiagoa" egoerara aldatu zen. Azken ikerketa-ildoen arabera, ordea, mehatxu espezifikoak ugaritu egin dira eta horien artean daude hauek: igarabek urtegiak erabiltzea, gizakia-igaraba-ren arteko gatazkak (akuikultura), igaraben eta bertakoak ez diren espezieen arteko interakzioak (igarabaren dietan nagusi dira, bisoi amerikarrarekin lehia), igarabak eta mikrobianoen aurkakoekiko erresistenteak diren bakterioak. Ibaiertzeko landaredia suntsitzea da igarabaren populazioetarako mehatxu nagusietako bat eta hori, gehienetan, honako hauekin lotuta dago: urtegiak eraikitzea, emariak erregulatzea, ne-kazaritzaren hedapena, legarra eta hondarra ateratzea eta hezeguneetako eta kostaldeko turismoa garatu izana. Oro har, epe laburrera be-gira, igarabak asaldura nagusietatik salbu daudela ematen du, baina haien behar bezalako kudeaketa eta kontserbazioa oraindik ere arazo handia da. Hori bereziki esanguratsua da iberiar penintsulan; izan ere, klima-aldaketek igarabarako egokiak diren habitatak gutxituko dituz-tela aurrez ikusi dute. Kapitulu honetan, gainera, beste gai batzuk ere landuko ditugu: eskuragarri dauden datuak falta direla eta etorkizune-rako ikerketen beharrak, esate baterako.

Antimicrobial Resistant Aeromonas Isolated from Eurasian Otters (Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758) in Portugal

Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758) are predators (Carnivora, Mustelidae) that evolved t... more Eurasian otters (Lutra lutra Linnaeus, 1758) are predators (Carnivora, Mustelidae) that evolved the ability to swim and forage in water. They may be present in a wide range of aquatic environments, including coastal areas, dams, rivers and streams, being important elements of biodiversity. In Portugal these animals are widely spread throughout the country. Aeromonas are ubiquitous gram-negative bacteria found in a broad range of aquatic environments and contaminated food, and have been associated with human and animal diseases. From the 14 species described, the most important pathogens related with gastroenteritis and serious wound infections are Aeromonas hydrophila, Aeromonas caviae and Aeromonas veronii biovar sobria. These species are

Pedroso Chora 2014 Iberian desman in Portugal

The Iberian desman Galemys pyrenaicus (E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1811) is protected by law and c... more The Iberian desman Galemys pyrenaicus (E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1811) is protected by law and classified as Vulnerable in the Portuguese Red Data Book. Although no national surveys have been conducted since the first survey (1990-1996), the available data indicate that there may be less than 10,000 adults in the Portuguese population, following contractions along the periphery of their range in Portugal. The Ibe-rian desman is threatened mainly because it is bound to a vulnerable habitat restricted in a geographic area in the north of the country, characterized by higher altitudes, permanent water regime and higher water quality. Its main threats in Portugal have been the reduction of water quality, habitat degradation, and the use of impacting fishing methods (nets, poisons and explosives). The species is now faced with new threats including predation by exotic species, increasing habitat fragmentation and loss caused by the construction of hydroelectric infrastructu-res. The great challenge for the conservation of the Iberian desman in Portugal is the compromise between biodiversity and natural habitat protection and the use of water for hydroelectric power. If the present course of environmental and energy policies are maintained, there is no guaranty that enough water basins will be preserved to prevent the fragmentation of Iberian desman populations and the consequent loss of genetic variability. RESUMEN En Portugal, el desmán ibérico Galemys pyrenaicus (E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1811) está protegido por la Ley y clasificado como Vulnerable en su Libro Rojo nacional. Aunque no existen estudios nacionales llevados a cabo desde el primer sondeo (1990-1996), las estimacio-nes indican que su cifra es menor de 10,000 adultos en la población portuguesa, debido a la disminución en la periferia de su área de distribución en Portugal. El desmán ibérico está amenazada principalmente porque está ligado a un hábitat vulnerable restringido a un área geográfica muy concreta en el norte del país, caracterizada por altas altitudes, régimen permanente de agua y una alta calidad del agua. Sus principales amenazas en Portugal han sido la reducción de la calidad del agua, la degradación del hábitat, y el uso de métodos agresivos de pesca (redes, venenos y explosivos). La especie se enfrenta ahora a nuevas amenazas como la depredación por parte de especies exó-ticas, el aumento de la fragmentación y la pérdida de hábitat causada por la construcción de infraestructuras hidroeléctricas. El gran desafío para la conservación del desmán ibérico en Portugal es la coexistencia entre la biodiversidad y la protección del hábitat natural y el uso de agua para la energía hidroeléctrica. Si se mantiene el rumbo actual de las políticas de medio ambiente y energía, no existen garantías de que las cuencas hídricas vayan a ser preservadas para evitar la fragmentación de las poblaciones de desmán ibérico y su consiguiente pérdida de la variabilidad genética. LABURPENA Portugalen, muturluzea Galemys pyrenaicus (E. Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1811) Legeak babesten du eta Estatu mailako Liburu Gorrian kalte-beratasuneko sailkapena du. Lehen azterketatik (1990-1996) egindako Estatu mailako ikerketarik ez dagoen arren, estimazioen arabera, haien kopurua 10.000 heldu baino gutxiagokoa da Portugalgo populazioan banaketa-eremuko periferian gertatu den jaitsiera dela eta. Muturluzea he-rrialdearen iparraldeko oso eremu zehatzera mugatuta dagoen habitat kalteberari lotuta dagoelako dago batez ere mehatxatuta. Hango ezau-garri nagusiak dira honako hauek: altitude altuak, uraren etengabeko erregimena eta uraren kalitate handia. Portugaleko mehatxu nagusiak honako hauek izan dira: uraren kalitatea gutxitu izana, habitataren degradazioa eta arrantzako metodo agresiboak erabiltzea (sareak, pozoiak eta lehergaiak). Espezieak orain mehatxu berriei egin behar die aurre: espezie exotikoen predazioa eta azpiegitura hidroelektrikoak eraiki iza-nak eragindako habitataren galera eta haustura ugaritu izana. Portugalen, muturluzea zaintzeko erronka nagusia bioaniztasunaren eta habitat naturalaren babesaren, eta energia hidroelektrikorako uraren erabileraren arteko baterako existentzia da. Ingurumen-eta energia-politiken egungo bideari jarraituz gero, ezingo da bermatu arro hidrikoak zaindu egingo direnik muturluze-populazioaren zatikatzea saihesteko eta ho-rrek dakarren aldagarritasun genetikoaren galera ekiditeko.

Charcos Temp Sul de Portugal2011 - livro.1.pdf

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