Gezegen kütleli cisim

Gezegen kütleli cisim (İngilizce: Planetary-mass object, planemo,^[2] gezegensel cisim veya kısaltılmışı PMO), gök cisimlerinin jeofiziksel tanımına göre hidrostatik dengeyi sağlayacak kadar kütleli, fakat bir yıldız gibi çekirdek füzyonunu sürdürecek kadar kütleli olmayan herhangi bir gök cismidir.^[3]^[4]

Bu terimin amacı, jeofiziksel açıdan benzer birçok cismin bir gezegen için beklenen geleneksel kalıplara uymaması nedeniyle, 'gezegen'den daha kapsamlı bir gök cismi yelpazesini birlikte sınıflandırmaktır. Gezegen kütleli cisimler, köken ve konum açısından oldukça çeşitli olabilir. Bunlar arasında gezegenler, cüce gezegenler, gezegen kütleli uydular ve bir sistemden fırlatılmış olabilen "yetim gezegen"ler veya yığılmadan ziyade bulut çökmesiyle oluşmuş serbest dolaşan gezegenler (kahverengi altcüceler) bulunur.

Astronomi alanında kullanım

Bu terim teknik olarak ötegezegenleri ve diğer gök cisimlerini içerse de, genellikle belirsiz bir doğaya sahip cisimler veya belirli bir sınıfa uymayan cisimler için kullanılır. Terimin sıklıkla kullanıldığı durumlar:

İzole gezegen kütleli cisimler (iPMO; IPMO): Serbest hareket eden ve döteryum yakmasının altında düşük bir kütleye sahip olan, fırlatılmış serbest dolaşan gezegenler veya kahverengi altcüceler gibi doğaları tam olarak çözülemeyen cisimlerdir (örneğin, NGC 1333'teki^[5] 2MASS J13243553+6358281^[6] ve PSO J060.3200+25.9644^[7] cisimleri).
Döteryum yakma sınırında bir kütle aralığına sahip cisimler: (VHS 1256-1257 b,^[8] BD+60 1417b^[9])
Bir yıldız veya kahverengi cücenin yörüngesinde dönen, fakat ötegezegen olarak oluşumu zor veya imkansız olan cisimler: (VHS 1256-1257 b, CFHTWIR-Oph 98B^[10])

Ayrıca bakınız

Kaynakça

^ Brown, Michael E.; Butler, Bryan (July 2023). "Masses and densities of dwarf planet satellites measured with ALMA". The Planetary Science Journal. 4 (10). s. 11. arXiv:2307.04848 $2. Bibcode:2023PSJ.....4..193B. doi:10.3847/PSJ/ace52a.
^ Weintraub, David A. (2014). Is Pluto a Planet?: A Historical Journey through the Solar System. Princeton University Press. s. 226. ISBN 978-1400852970.
^ Basri, Gibor; Brown, E. M. (Mayıs 2006). "Planetesimals to Brown Dwarfs: What is a Planet?". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. Cilt 34. ss. 193–216. arXiv:astro-ph/0608417 $2. Bibcode:2006AREPS..34..193B. doi:10.1146/annurev.earth.34.031405.125058.
^ Stern, S. Alan; Levison, Harold F. (2002). Rickman, H. (Ed.). "Regarding the criteria for planethood and proposed planetary classification schemes". Highlights of Astronomy. Cilt 12. San Francisco, CA: Astronomical Society of the Pacific. s. 208. Bibcode:2002HiA....12..205S. doi:10.1017/S1539299600013289. ISBN 978-1-58381-086-6.
^ Scholz, Aleks; Muzic, Koraljka; Jayawardhana, Ray; Almendros-Abad, Victor; Wilson, Isaac (1 Mayıs 2023). "Disks around Young Planetary-mass Objects: Ultradeep Spitzer Imaging of NGC 1333". The Astronomical Journal. 165 (5). s. 196. arXiv:2303.12451 $2. Bibcode:2023AJ....165..196S. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/acc65d. ISSN 0004-6256.
^ Gagné, Jonathan; Allers, Katelyn N.; Theissen, Christopher A.; Faherty, Jacqueline K.; Bardalez Gagliuffi, Daniella; Artigau, Étienne (1 Şubat 2018). "2MASS J13243553+6358281 Is an Early T-type Planetary-mass Object in the AB Doradus Moving Group". The Astrophysical Journal. 854 (2). ss. L27. arXiv:1802.00493 $2. Bibcode:2018ApJ...854L..27G. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aaacfd. ISSN 0004-637X.
^ Best, William M. J.; Liu, Michael C.; Magnier, Eugene A.; Bowler, Brendan P.; Aller, Kimberly M.; Zhang, Zhoujian; Kotson, Michael C.; Burgett, W. S.; Chambers, K. C.; Draper, P. W.; Flewelling, H.; Hodapp, K. W.; Kaiser, N.; Metcalfe, N.; Wainscoat, R. J. (1 Mart 2017). "A Search for L/T Transition Dwarfs with Pan-STARRS1 and WISE. III. Young L Dwarf Discoveries and Proper Motion Catalogs in Taurus and Scorpius-Centaurus". The Astrophysical Journal. 837 (1). s. 95. arXiv:1702.00789 $2. Bibcode:2017ApJ...837...95B. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa5df0. ISSN 0004-637X.
^ Miles, Brittany E.; Biller, Beth A.; Patapis, Polychronis; Worthen, Kadin; Rickman, Emily; Hoch, Kielan K. W.; Skemer, Andrew; Perrin, Marshall D.; Whiteford, Niall; Chen, Christine H.; Sargent, B.; Mukherjee, Sagnick; Morley, Caroline V.; Moran, Sarah E.; Bonnefoy, Mickael (1 Mart 2023). "The JWST Early-release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems II: A 1 to 20 μm Spectrum of the Planetary-mass Companion VHS 1256-1257 b". The Astrophysical Journal. 946 (1). ss. L6. arXiv:2209.00620 $2. Bibcode:2023ApJ...946L...6M. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/acb04a. ISSN 0004-637X.
^ Faherty, Jacqueline K.; Gagné, Jonathan; Popinchalk, Mark; Vos, Johanna M.; Burgasser, Adam J.; Schümann, Jörg; Schneider, Adam C.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Meisner, Aaron M.; Kuchner, Marc J.; Bardalez Gagliuffi, Daniella C.; Marocco, Federico; Caselden, Dan; Gonzales, Eileen C.; Rothermich, Austin (1 Aralık 2021). "A Wide Planetary Mass Companion Discovered through the Citizen Science Project Backyard Worlds: Planet 9". The Astrophysical Journal. 923 (1). s. 48. arXiv:2112.04678 $2. Bibcode:2021ApJ...923...48F. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac2499. ISSN 0004-637X.
^ Fontanive, Clémence; Allers, Katelyn N.; Pantoja, Blake; Biller, Beth; Dubber, Sophie; Zhang, Zhoujian; Dupuy, Trent; Liu, Michael C.; Albert, Loïc (1 Aralık 2020). "A Wide Planetary-mass Companion to a Young Low-mass Brown Dwarf in Ophiuchus". The Astrophysical Journal. 905 (2). ss. L14. arXiv:2011.08871 $2. Bibcode:2020ApJ...905L..14F. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/abcaf8. ISSN 0004-637X.

[Brown2023-1] Brown, Michael E.; Butler, Bryan (July 2023). "Masses and densities of dwarf planet satellites measured with ALMA". The Planetary Science Journal. 4 (10). s. 11. arXiv:2307.04848 $2. Bibcode:2023PSJ.....4..193B. doi:10.3847/PSJ/ace52a.

[Weintraub2014-2] Weintraub, David A. (2014). Is Pluto a Planet?: A Historical Journey through the Solar System. Princeton University Press. s. 226. ISBN 978-1400852970.

[Basri_Brown_2006-3] Basri, Gibor; Brown, E. M. (Mayıs 2006). "Planetesimals to Brown Dwarfs: What is a Planet?". Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences. Cilt 34. ss. 193–216. arXiv:astro-ph/0608417 $2. Bibcode:2006AREPS..34..193B. doi:10.1146/annurev.earth.34.031405.125058.

[Stern_Levison_2002-4] Stern, S. Alan; Levison, Harold F. (2002). Rickman, H. (Ed.). "Regarding the criteria for planethood and proposed planetary classification schemes". Highlights of Astronomy. Cilt 12. San Francisco, CA: Astronomical Society of the Pacific. s. 208. Bibcode:2002HiA....12..205S. doi:10.1017/S1539299600013289. ISBN 978-1-58381-086-6.

[Scholz2023-5] Scholz, Aleks; Muzic, Koraljka; Jayawardhana, Ray; Almendros-Abad, Victor; Wilson, Isaac (1 Mayıs 2023). "Disks around Young Planetary-mass Objects: Ultradeep Spitzer Imaging of NGC 1333". The Astronomical Journal. 165 (5). s. 196. arXiv:2303.12451 $2. Bibcode:2023AJ....165..196S. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/acc65d. ISSN 0004-6256.

[Gagné2018-6] Gagné, Jonathan; Allers, Katelyn N.; Theissen, Christopher A.; Faherty, Jacqueline K.; Bardalez Gagliuffi, Daniella; Artigau, Étienne (1 Şubat 2018). "2MASS J13243553+6358281 Is an Early T-type Planetary-mass Object in the AB Doradus Moving Group". The Astrophysical Journal. 854 (2). ss. L27. arXiv:1802.00493 $2. Bibcode:2018ApJ...854L..27G. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/aaacfd. ISSN 0004-637X.

[Best2017-7] Best, William M. J.; Liu, Michael C.; Magnier, Eugene A.; Bowler, Brendan P.; Aller, Kimberly M.; Zhang, Zhoujian; Kotson, Michael C.; Burgett, W. S.; Chambers, K. C.; Draper, P. W.; Flewelling, H.; Hodapp, K. W.; Kaiser, N.; Metcalfe, N.; Wainscoat, R. J. (1 Mart 2017). "A Search for L/T Transition Dwarfs with Pan-STARRS1 and WISE. III. Young L Dwarf Discoveries and Proper Motion Catalogs in Taurus and Scorpius-Centaurus". The Astrophysical Journal. 837 (1). s. 95. arXiv:1702.00789 $2. Bibcode:2017ApJ...837...95B. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aa5df0. ISSN 0004-637X.

[Miles2023-8] Miles, Brittany E.; Biller, Beth A.; Patapis, Polychronis; Worthen, Kadin; Rickman, Emily; Hoch, Kielan K. W.; Skemer, Andrew; Perrin, Marshall D.; Whiteford, Niall; Chen, Christine H.; Sargent, B.; Mukherjee, Sagnick; Morley, Caroline V.; Moran, Sarah E.; Bonnefoy, Mickael (1 Mart 2023). "The JWST Early-release Science Program for Direct Observations of Exoplanetary Systems II: A 1 to 20 μm Spectrum of the Planetary-mass Companion VHS 1256-1257 b". The Astrophysical Journal. 946 (1). ss. L6. arXiv:2209.00620 $2. Bibcode:2023ApJ...946L...6M. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/acb04a. ISSN 0004-637X.

[Faherty2021-9] Faherty, Jacqueline K.; Gagné, Jonathan; Popinchalk, Mark; Vos, Johanna M.; Burgasser, Adam J.; Schümann, Jörg; Schneider, Adam C.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Meisner, Aaron M.; Kuchner, Marc J.; Bardalez Gagliuffi, Daniella C.; Marocco, Federico; Caselden, Dan; Gonzales, Eileen C.; Rothermich, Austin (1 Aralık 2021). "A Wide Planetary Mass Companion Discovered through the Citizen Science Project Backyard Worlds: Planet 9". The Astrophysical Journal. 923 (1). s. 48. arXiv:2112.04678 $2. Bibcode:2021ApJ...923...48F. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac2499. ISSN 0004-637X.

[Fontanive2020-10] Fontanive, Clémence; Allers, Katelyn N.; Pantoja, Blake; Biller, Beth; Dubber, Sophie; Zhang, Zhoujian; Dupuy, Trent; Liu, Michael C.; Albert, Loïc (1 Aralık 2020). "A Wide Planetary-mass Companion to a Young Low-mass Brown Dwarf in Ophiuchus". The Astrophysical Journal. 905 (2). ss. L14. arXiv:2011.08871 $2. Bibcode:2020ApJ...905L..14F. doi:10.3847/2041-8213/abcaf8. ISSN 0004-637X.

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