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Template:Infobox potassium

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Potassium, 19K
Template:Infobox element/symbol-to-top-image/alt
Potassium pearls (in paraffin ile, ~5 mm ilk)
Potassium
Pronunciation/pəˈtæsiəm/ (pə-TASS-ee-əm)
Appearancesillery gray
Standard atomic weight Ar, std(K)39.0983(1)[1]
Potassium in the periodic cairt
Hydrogen Helium
Lithium Beryllium Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxygen Fluorine Neon
Sodium Magnesium Aluminium Silicon Phosphorus Sulfur Chlorine Argon
Potassium Calcium Scandium Titanium Vanadium Chromium Manganese Airn Cobalt Nickel Capper Zinc Gallium Germanium Arsenic Selenium Bromine Krypton
Rubidium Strontium Yttrium Zirconium Niobium Molybdenum Technetium Ruthenium Rhodium Palladium Siller (element) Cadmium Indium Tin Antimony Tellurium Iodine Xenon
Caesium Barium Lanthanum Cerium Praseodymium Neodymium Promethium Samarium Europium Gadolinium Terbium Dysprosium Holmium Erbium Thulium Ytterbium Lutetium Hafnium Tantalum Tungsten Rhenium Osmium Iridium Platinum Gowd Mercur (element) Thallium Leid (element) Bismuth Polonium Astatine Radon
Francium Radium Actinium Thorium Protactinium Uranium Neptunium Plutonium Americium Curium Berkelium Californium Einsteinium Fermium Mendelevium Nobelium Lawrencium Rutherfordium Dubnium Seaborgium Bohrium Hassium Meitnerium Darmstadtium Roentgenium Copernicium Ununtrium Flerovium Ununpentium Livermorium Ununseptium Ununoctium
Na

K

Rb
argonpotassiumcalcium
Atomic nummer (Z)19
Groupgroup 1 (alkali metals)
Periodperiod 4
Blocks-block
Element category  Alkali metal
Electron confeeguration[Ar] 4s1
Electrons per shell2, 8, 8, 1
Pheesical properties
Phase at STPsolit
Meltin pynt336.7 K ​(63.5 °C, ​146.3 °F)
Bylin pynt1032 K ​(759 °C, ​1398 °F)
Density (near r.t.)0.862 g/cm3
when liquid (at m.p.)0.828 g/cm3
Creetical pynt2223 K, 16[2] MPa
Heat o fusion2.33 kJ/mol
Heat o vapourisation76.9 kJ/mol
Molar heat capacity29.6 J/(mol·K)
Atomic properties
Oxidation states−1, +1 strangly basic
ElectronegativityPauling scale: 0.82
Ionisation energies
Atomic radiusempirical: 227 pm
Covalent radius203±12 pm
Van der Waals radius275 pm
Colour lines in a spectral range
Colour lines in a spectral range
Spectral lines o potassium
Ither properties
Naitural occurrenceprimordial
Creestal structurbody-centred cubic (bcc)
Body-centered cubic creestal structur for potassium
Speed o soond thin rod2000 m/s (at 20 °C)
Thermal expansion83.3 µm/(m·K) (at 25 °C)
Thermal conductivity102.5 W/(m·K)
Electrical resistivity72 n Ω·m (at 20 °C)
Magnetic orderinparamagnetic[3]
Young's modulus3.53 GPa
Shear modulus1.3 GPa
Bulk modulus3.1 GPa
Mohs haurdness0.4
Brinell haurdness0.363 MPa
CAS Nummer7440-09-7
History
DiskiveryHumphry Davy (1807)
First isolationHumphry Davy (1807)
Main isotopes o potassium
Iso­tope Abun­dance Hauf-life (t1/2) Decay mode Pro­duct
39K 93.26% stable 40K 0.012% 1.248(3)×109 y β 40Ca
ε 40Ar
β+ 40Ar
41K 6.73% stable
| references
style="text-align:left"|
in calc from C diff report ref
C 63.5
K 336.7 336.6 0.1 delta
F 146.3 146.3 0
WD 336.7 kelvin 63.65 Celsius Edit this at Wikidata
input C: 63.5, K: 336.7, F: 146.3
comment
style="text-align:left"|
in calc from C diff report ref
C 759
K 1032 1032 0
F 1398 1398 0
WD 1047 kelvin 773.85 Celsius Edit this at Wikidata
input C: 759, K: 1032, F: 1398
comment

References

  1. Meija, Juris; et al. (2016). "Atomic weights of the elements 2013 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure and Applied Chemistry. 88 (3): 265–91. doi:10.1515/pac-2015-0305.
  2. Haynes, William M., ed. (2011). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (92nt ed.). CRC Press. p. 4.122. ISBN 1439855110.
  3. Magnetic susceptibility of the elements and inorganic compounds, in Lide, D. R., ed. (2005). CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (86th ed.). Boca Raton (FL): CRC Press. ISBN 0-8493-0486-5.