Citric acid
Appearance
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Names | |
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IUPAC name
2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid
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Ither names
3-carboxy-3-hydroxypentanedioic acid
2-hydroxy-1,2,3-propanetricarboxylic acid[1] | |
Identifiers | |
3D model (JSmol)
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ChEBI | |
ChEMBL | |
ChemSpider | |
DrugBank | |
EC Nummer | 201-069-1 |
KEGG | |
PubChem CID
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RTECS nummer | GE7350000 |
UNII | |
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Properties | |
C6H8O7 | |
Molar mass | 192.124 g/mol (anhydrous) 210.14 g/mol (monohydrate) |
Appearance | crystalline white solid |
Odour | odorless |
Density | 1.665 g/cm3(1.5g/cm3 for monohydrate) |
Meltin pynt | 156 °C (313 °F; 429 K) |
Bylin pynt | 310 °C (590 °F; 583 K) |
59[2] g/100 ml (20 °C) | |
Solubility | very soluble in ethanol soluble in ether, ethyl acetate insoluble in benzene, chloroform |
log P | -1.64 |
Acidity (pKa) | pKa1 = 3.14 pKa2 = 4.75 pKa3 = 6.39,[3] 6.40[4] |
Thermochemistry | |
Std enthalpy o formation ΔfH |
-1548.8 kJ/mol |
Hazards | |
Main hazards | skin an eye irritant |
NFPA 704 | |
Flash pynt | 155 °C (311 °F) |
Explosive leemits | 1.8-4.8% |
Lethal dose or concentration (LD, LC): | |
LD50 (Median dose)
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3000 mg/kg (rat, oral) |
Relatit compoonds | |
Except whaur itherwise notit, data are gien for materials in thair staundart state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). | |
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Infobox references | |
Citric acid is a weak organic acid wi the formula C6H8O7. It is a naitural preservative/conservative an is an aa uised tae add an acidic or sour taste tae fuids an drinks. In biochemistry, the conjugate base o citric acid, citrate, is important as an intermediate in the citric acid cycle, which occurs in the metabolism o aw aerobic organisms.
Citric acid is a commodity chemical, an mair nor a million tonnes are produced every year bi fermentation. It is uised mainly as an acidifier, as a flavorin, an as a chelatin agent.
References
[eedit | eedit soorce]- ↑ David R. Lide, ed. (2005). "Physical Constants of Organic Compounds". CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics (Internet Version ed.). Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press. Archived frae the original on 24 Julie 2017. Retrieved 20 December 2021.
- ↑ http://anderquim.com/Genericos/Genericos/Acido%20Citrico%20Anhidro_FDS.pdf Archived 2014-02-21 at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ "Data for Biochemical Research". ZirChrom Separations, Inc. Retrieved 11 Januar 2012.
- ↑ "Ionization Constants of Organic Acids". Michigan State University. Retrieved 11 Januar 2012.