Automatic speaker verification (ASV) is one of the most natural and convenient means of
biometric person recognition. Unfortunately, just like all other biometric systems, ASV is
vulnerable to spoofing, also referred to as “presentation attacks.” These vulnerabilities are
generally unacceptable and call for spoofing countermeasures or “presentation attack
detection” systems. In addition to impersonation, ASV systems are vulnerable to replay,
speech synthesis, and voice conversion attacks. The ASVspoof challenge initiative was …