According to the simplest neoclassical theory, closer integration will ultimately eliminate the
current differences in per capita incomes between European Union (EU) regions. Models
based on the Keynesian tradition and endogenous growth theory suggest different
outcomes. This article looks at the evidence for convergence along neoclassical lines and
also from a point of view that accepts the critique of neoclassical theory. Estimates are made
of the time it will take for two different forms of equilibrium to be realized. From a neoclassical …

Quality products and services (niche markets) could be an important instrument of rural
development in the lagging regions of the European Union. However, there is little research
which relates product to place in a rural context. After providing a brief insight into aspects of
agricultural and rural restructuring, the article reviews existing literature and relevant
concepts under the separate headings of'Constructing quality'and'Constructing regional
images: linking product to place'. Many of these ideas are being applied in an …