Crime means violation of a law of a state and criminal is a person who has committed punishable c... more Crime means violation of a law of a state and criminal is a person who has committed punishable crime in a state. Crimes are symptoms of social disorganization. The study aims to find out the problems of female offenders imprisoned in jails with an aim to suggest measures for improvement of life in jails. A qualitative survey using purposive sampling to solicit responses from female offenders with the help of interview guide was used. The results show that women were illiterate and were mostly imprisoned for drugs smuggling. The women inmates were not satisfied with the services including improper sanitation, food and bedding facilities. The suggestions include skill trainings, awareness raising sessions for inmates during their imprisonment and rehabilitation and integration of offenders back in the society by family counseling services.
_________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT Gender stereotypes are... more _________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT Gender stereotypes are basic simplifications about the gender traits, disparities, and functions of persons or factions. Generally people assume about gender roles without evidence and thus promote gender stereotyping. The aim of the study was to find out the experiences of boy students of social sciences departments of a public university about promotion of gender stereotyping in educational institutions. A survey method of quantitative research was used for the study and a self-administrated questionnaire was used to implore the responses from the respondents. The findings suggest that gender stereotyping is being promoted by students, teachers and syllabus in educational institutions.
Women are the most deprived section of Pakistani society, and the life of a rural woman is far th... more Women are the most deprived section of Pakistani society, and the life of a rural woman is far the worst and most vulnerable compared to the rest of the women of that country. Generally, a rural woman has no awareness regarding her health, education, property, and marriage rights. This study aims to find out the views and opinions of rural women of district Multan in Punjab concerning their awareness of their fundamental human rights and their implications for family affairs, such as decisions regarding marriage, children's future, and final authority in family matters. The author selected this area, as this region has been infamous for grave incidents of violence against women in the past and continues to be so today. The findings suggest that women are not given their human and fundamental right to get education and decide about themselves and for their children. Nongovernmental organizations are working effectively, but still there is a long way for them to go in the struggle of women's empowerment in the Multan area.
Health is regarded as the top most priority of
every individual, but no specific concern has been... more Health is regarded as the top most priority of every individual, but no specific concern has been given to the health of a layman particularly in the reproductive side. Lack of knowledge and awareness among the local masses boost the problems of reproductive health particularly in the rural setups and no importance has been given to the birth spacing due to which the health and nutrition problems both in females and children are at its peak. The three aspects of our society i.e. culture, social and religious; all has played a negative role in this regard, people are unaware of the teaching of Islam regarding this issue and culture and social aspects also played a negative role in this respect. District Swabi where the education ratio is highest than as compared with other districts of the Province Khyber Pakhtoonkhaw, is also confronting this problem of birth spacing. The study showed that most of the people believed that the methods of family planning that can be used for birth spacing actually stop the reproduction ability of the couple for the future. Despite of all these issues the government has also not played a vital role to overcome the problems in reproductive health sector.
“Do not stop doing good, even to those who have harmed you. Rather, treat them with humanity and ... more “Do not stop doing good, even to those who have harmed you. Rather, treat them with humanity and nobility, for harming someone is brutish behavior. Returning evil with evil implies a deficiency in character, returning good for evil is nobility, says Fethullah Gulen in his book “Pearls of Wisdom.” Gulen has presented an ideal society through the Hizmet Movement, where he advocated peace, tolerance, brotherhood, respect of other’s thoughts, human rights etc. all elements of Islam but he also motivates Muslims to adapt to the modern world to cope with its challenges. He has love for humanity, ethnicity and has promoted inter-cultural dialogues between people of different religions and faiths. Gulen has taken the most effective tool for the propagation of his thoughts that is through education. His teachings are promoting ethical and modern structure of Islam. The institutions run by Gulen do not preach about Gulen’s teachings and no special courses are offered based on Gulen’s teachings, the teachers inspired by Gulen are the role model and are the soul tool for transforming the pupils. These institutions offer Islam and science primarily and have brought tremendous successes for their students. This brings hope to Muslim people around the world that Islam does not stand in the way of their progress and development. The Gulen Movement can also do much in Pakistan by promoting a softer version of Islam. The Pak-Turk schools and other collaborating Institutions are inspiring the youth and masses who have been a victim of fundamentalism in the name of religion.
Two factors dominated Afghanistan throughout the nineteenth century: internal chaos and external ... more Two factors dominated Afghanistan throughout the nineteenth century: internal chaos and external invasions and intimidation. During the Great Game Czarist Russia and the British Empire were betrothed in diplomatic squabbling to sway over Afghanistan politically and militarily. British policy towards Afghanistan was based on inducement, coercion and military intervention. British relationship with Afghanistan was essential to any security system in order to thwart any attack on India. Afghanistan did not assume its present form until the end of 19th century when its political borders were delineated by neighbouring British and Russian imperial powers. In an attempt to secure or depict borders or frontiers, several lines were to be drawn in India. One of them was the Durand Line Agreement (1893) that was to represent the limits of the respective spheres of influence of British India and Afghanistan on the North West Frontier of India, in order to keep the area free from Kabul's influence. As a result of this Agreement, the British managed to bring the populace under their domain, which was a natural buffer zone with Afghanistan between the Czarist Russia and British India. This paper attempts to analyse the significance of the Agreement for the British as part of their “ring fence” strategy to protect the ‘brightest jewel in the crown’ of the British Empire.
South Asia’s political history after World War II has been a chaotic one. The disintegration of P... more South Asia’s political history after World War II has been a chaotic one. The disintegration of Pakistan and successive formation of Bangladesh are the most obvious examples of this turmoil. The major problems of this region are authoritarianism, centralization of power, politics of statusquo-ism, politics of secularism, religious extremism, forces of ethnic groups, and national integration, concentration of economic power into few hands and poverty of the masses (Kukreja& Singh, 2008). Nevertheless, over the last fifty years, South Asia has made some stumbling treads towards constancy, harmony and peace. This is an important step forward for a region characterized by diversities of ethnicity, religions, castes, classes, and languages. India has had an un-broken democracy over the last fifty years and Pakistan has been ruled over by military for a period of 33 years out of its almost 65 years of existence (Kukreja & Singh, 2008).Both countries became nuclear states in 1998. However, Pakistan and India share the same and common cultural history and are tied with the upheaval of the invaders and colonial powers of the past as well. As it was Muslims from whom the Britain took charge, most of the Pakistani thought that it was the Muslims who were the basic and true occupier or lords of the land, not knowing the pre-historic era where the Muslims were also the foreigners who came as traders, merchants and saints and took control of the region from the hands of the Hindus and Buddhists. This rivalry brought to the most effective during the British rule on Indian subcontinent and after partition in 1947. Both countries blame each other for all the massacre and destruction caused at the time of partition and do not realize that the same incidents were found on both sides. After the Independence, both India and Pakistan had fought three wars (1965, 1971 and 1999) along with the time to time border tensions and clashes, military confrontations and blaming each other for assistance to non-state violent actors. The tensions before and at the time of partition and the problems of disputed and occupied territories had been the bone of contention between the two countries ever since their inception. Despite all the political differences, the citizens of both countries remain strongly interrelated and interconnected with each other through the (somewhat) same culture, same language, same dress, same weathers, same festivities and same traditions which are bonding them together despite the diplomatic differences promoted by the states.
Before partition in 1947, the Indian subcontinent includes Pakistan, India and Bangladesh; today,... more Before partition in 1947, the Indian subcontinent includes Pakistan, India and Bangladesh; today, the three independent countries and nations. This Indian Subcontinent has a history of some five millennium years and was spread over the area of one and a half millions of square miles (Swarup, 1968). The region is rich in natural as well as physical beauty. It has mountains, plains, forests, deserts, lakes, hills, and rivers with different climate and seasons throughout the year. This natural beauty has deep influence on the culture and life style of the people of the region. This land has been an object of invasion either from the route of mountains or the sea, bringing with it the new masses and ideas and assimilating and changing the culture of the people. The invaders were the Aryans, the Dravidians, the Parthians, the Greeks, the Sakas, the Kushans, the Huns, the Turks, the Afghans, and the Mongols (Singh, 2008) who all brought their unique cultures with them and the amalgamation gave rise to a new Indian Cilvilization.
“Do not stop doing good, even to those who have harmed you.
Rather, treat them with humanity and ... more “Do not stop doing good, even to those who have harmed you. Rather, treat them with humanity and nobility, for harming someone is brutish behavior. Returning evil with evil implies a deficiency in character, returning good for evil is nobility, says Fethullah Gulen in his book “Pearls of Wisdom.” Through the Hizmet Movement, Gülen has envisioned an ideal society, where values like peace, tolerance, brotherhood, respect of others’ thoughts, and human rights prevail as identical to the essence commanded by Islam. He has love for humanity, ethnicity and has promoted inter-cultural dialogues between people of different religions and faiths. Education has been an effective tool for Gülen to disseminate his outlook, which is based on teachings that promote ethical and contemporary interpretations of Islam. The institutions run by educational companies and foundations worldwide as inspired by Gülen do not preach about his teachings, rather, the teachers inspired by him are role models who initiate for change in their students’ educational and social accomplishments. In Pakistan, which has been a victim of the manifestations of fundamentalism in recent years, Gülen-inspired Turkish schools and other collaborating institutions may make considerable contribution to inspiring the youth and the general public by promoting peaceful coexistence through the tongue of education.
Defining woman as a person, she is denied an identity of her own; she is seen as a commodity, eve... more Defining woman as a person, she is denied an identity of her own; she is seen as a commodity, eventually owned by her husband or male members of family and society. Pakistan has the male dominated society with high ratio of illiteracy and poverty. Women are considered as inferior entity due to which women are mostly victimized. Women are victimized mentally, physically, psychologically, and deprived of their rights not only outside the home but also in the four walls of home. She is also deprived of her rights, although Islam has given equal rights and opportunities to both genders. Many national and international NGOs and GOs are working for the rights of women and are trying to create awareness among the people about the status of women in our society. Pick up any Urdu or English daily newspapers you will find news about violence against women. The stories are horrifying and frightening. There may be more stories, which have not reached the newspapers columns due to pressure of influential, police or family members. Violence may include corporealassail by vigor, spokencruelty, vengeance blazing and sexual cruelty, rape and enforced prostitution. The violence faced by married woman is not only by her husband but the women of in laws family also inflict violence along with the men of the parent’s family i.e. father, brothers, uncles, cousins etc. Without women the life is not possible, it is the mother that bears the pains and gives birth to a man, it is the sister who takes care of his requirements. It’s the wife who shares the sorrows and joys of the man’s life and then there is the daughter whose sight makes a man feels relaxed after the day long exertion.
The study reported here examined views of women regarding their lives, pressures, and factors con... more The study reported here examined views of women regarding their lives, pressures, and factors contributing to depression. Depression is an emotional state characterized by intense and unrealistic sadness and dejection. Women are more prone to depression than men because women are more likely to face a number of socio-economic risk factors for depression including racial and ethnic discrimination, lower educational and income level, segregation into low-status, and high stress because of unemployment, poor health, marital obligation, cultural disparity etc. The rate of sexual and physical abuse is also much higher than previously suspected and is a major factor in married women’s depression. The respondents for this paper have been selected on the basis of the marital period i.e. those women who have been married for from two to five years because in the early marital life women have more social and reproductive responsibilities and thus may be more prone to experience excess burdens which may contribute to depression. They are expected by family members and society to produce children during this period of biological fitness, while involved in domestic work. The respondents include only housewives.
Children are the future of every nation. To build a future on sound foundation, it is imperative ... more Children are the future of every nation. To build a future on sound foundation, it is imperative that each child gets its due rights. State responsibilities cannot be fulfilled unless an effective birth registration system is in place. Birth Registration is therefore, the first step to reach and extend the benefits of progress to every child. In simpler terms, it is tantamount to equalizing access for all. Unless we know where a child is, we can never address his/her needs. The government is committed to ensuring that every child has a right to a name, nationality and identity. Birth Registration is a parent’s first duty. Facilitating the parents in fulfillment of this duty is a joint responsibility of the relevant authorities, whose cooperation will encourage the parents to avail this service. Birth Registration is a means of recognizing one’s subsistence before law making ties of the child with its family and for tracking the important incidents of one’s life from birth to marriage and death. According to the Convention on the Rights of Child (CRC) and the national laws of the country, the birth registration is a fundamental right of every child and it is also a means to guarantee a better future for the next generation in terms of monetary provision and assets.
It is the need of the time that females must also be provided with opportunities to participate i... more It is the need of the time that females must also be provided with opportunities to participate in decision making, so that the pace of social development of the country could be accelerated. But unfortunately in our society women has not yet been given opportunities to make independent decisions in any important issue. She has to consult men and seek his consent and obey his command before taking any action. The study discussed that men are dominant in decisions over household and the other family members especially females. Men do not even consider the view point of the women before taking any family decisions. This may be because men are mostly earning members of the society or because they have more chances of academic qualifications so that they impose their decisions in all works on their women.
Crime means violation of a law of a state and criminal is a person who has committed punishable c... more Crime means violation of a law of a state and criminal is a person who has committed punishable crime in a state. Crimes are symptoms of social disorganization. The study aims to find out the problems of female offenders imprisoned in jails with an aim to suggest measures for improvement of life in jails. A qualitative survey using purposive sampling to solicit responses from female offenders with the help of interview guide was used. The results show that women were illiterate and were mostly imprisoned for drugs smuggling. The women inmates were not satisfied with the services including improper sanitation, food and bedding facilities. The suggestions include skill trainings, awareness raising sessions for inmates during their imprisonment and rehabilitation and integration of offenders back in the society by family counseling services.
_________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT Gender stereotypes are... more _________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT Gender stereotypes are basic simplifications about the gender traits, disparities, and functions of persons or factions. Generally people assume about gender roles without evidence and thus promote gender stereotyping. The aim of the study was to find out the experiences of boy students of social sciences departments of a public university about promotion of gender stereotyping in educational institutions. A survey method of quantitative research was used for the study and a self-administrated questionnaire was used to implore the responses from the respondents. The findings suggest that gender stereotyping is being promoted by students, teachers and syllabus in educational institutions.
Women are the most deprived section of Pakistani society, and the life of a rural woman is far th... more Women are the most deprived section of Pakistani society, and the life of a rural woman is far the worst and most vulnerable compared to the rest of the women of that country. Generally, a rural woman has no awareness regarding her health, education, property, and marriage rights. This study aims to find out the views and opinions of rural women of district Multan in Punjab concerning their awareness of their fundamental human rights and their implications for family affairs, such as decisions regarding marriage, children's future, and final authority in family matters. The author selected this area, as this region has been infamous for grave incidents of violence against women in the past and continues to be so today. The findings suggest that women are not given their human and fundamental right to get education and decide about themselves and for their children. Nongovernmental organizations are working effectively, but still there is a long way for them to go in the struggle of women's empowerment in the Multan area.
Health is regarded as the top most priority of
every individual, but no specific concern has been... more Health is regarded as the top most priority of every individual, but no specific concern has been given to the health of a layman particularly in the reproductive side. Lack of knowledge and awareness among the local masses boost the problems of reproductive health particularly in the rural setups and no importance has been given to the birth spacing due to which the health and nutrition problems both in females and children are at its peak. The three aspects of our society i.e. culture, social and religious; all has played a negative role in this regard, people are unaware of the teaching of Islam regarding this issue and culture and social aspects also played a negative role in this respect. District Swabi where the education ratio is highest than as compared with other districts of the Province Khyber Pakhtoonkhaw, is also confronting this problem of birth spacing. The study showed that most of the people believed that the methods of family planning that can be used for birth spacing actually stop the reproduction ability of the couple for the future. Despite of all these issues the government has also not played a vital role to overcome the problems in reproductive health sector.
“Do not stop doing good, even to those who have harmed you. Rather, treat them with humanity and ... more “Do not stop doing good, even to those who have harmed you. Rather, treat them with humanity and nobility, for harming someone is brutish behavior. Returning evil with evil implies a deficiency in character, returning good for evil is nobility, says Fethullah Gulen in his book “Pearls of Wisdom.” Gulen has presented an ideal society through the Hizmet Movement, where he advocated peace, tolerance, brotherhood, respect of other’s thoughts, human rights etc. all elements of Islam but he also motivates Muslims to adapt to the modern world to cope with its challenges. He has love for humanity, ethnicity and has promoted inter-cultural dialogues between people of different religions and faiths. Gulen has taken the most effective tool for the propagation of his thoughts that is through education. His teachings are promoting ethical and modern structure of Islam. The institutions run by Gulen do not preach about Gulen’s teachings and no special courses are offered based on Gulen’s teachings, the teachers inspired by Gulen are the role model and are the soul tool for transforming the pupils. These institutions offer Islam and science primarily and have brought tremendous successes for their students. This brings hope to Muslim people around the world that Islam does not stand in the way of their progress and development. The Gulen Movement can also do much in Pakistan by promoting a softer version of Islam. The Pak-Turk schools and other collaborating Institutions are inspiring the youth and masses who have been a victim of fundamentalism in the name of religion.
Two factors dominated Afghanistan throughout the nineteenth century: internal chaos and external ... more Two factors dominated Afghanistan throughout the nineteenth century: internal chaos and external invasions and intimidation. During the Great Game Czarist Russia and the British Empire were betrothed in diplomatic squabbling to sway over Afghanistan politically and militarily. British policy towards Afghanistan was based on inducement, coercion and military intervention. British relationship with Afghanistan was essential to any security system in order to thwart any attack on India. Afghanistan did not assume its present form until the end of 19th century when its political borders were delineated by neighbouring British and Russian imperial powers. In an attempt to secure or depict borders or frontiers, several lines were to be drawn in India. One of them was the Durand Line Agreement (1893) that was to represent the limits of the respective spheres of influence of British India and Afghanistan on the North West Frontier of India, in order to keep the area free from Kabul's influence. As a result of this Agreement, the British managed to bring the populace under their domain, which was a natural buffer zone with Afghanistan between the Czarist Russia and British India. This paper attempts to analyse the significance of the Agreement for the British as part of their “ring fence” strategy to protect the ‘brightest jewel in the crown’ of the British Empire.
South Asia’s political history after World War II has been a chaotic one. The disintegration of P... more South Asia’s political history after World War II has been a chaotic one. The disintegration of Pakistan and successive formation of Bangladesh are the most obvious examples of this turmoil. The major problems of this region are authoritarianism, centralization of power, politics of statusquo-ism, politics of secularism, religious extremism, forces of ethnic groups, and national integration, concentration of economic power into few hands and poverty of the masses (Kukreja& Singh, 2008). Nevertheless, over the last fifty years, South Asia has made some stumbling treads towards constancy, harmony and peace. This is an important step forward for a region characterized by diversities of ethnicity, religions, castes, classes, and languages. India has had an un-broken democracy over the last fifty years and Pakistan has been ruled over by military for a period of 33 years out of its almost 65 years of existence (Kukreja & Singh, 2008).Both countries became nuclear states in 1998. However, Pakistan and India share the same and common cultural history and are tied with the upheaval of the invaders and colonial powers of the past as well. As it was Muslims from whom the Britain took charge, most of the Pakistani thought that it was the Muslims who were the basic and true occupier or lords of the land, not knowing the pre-historic era where the Muslims were also the foreigners who came as traders, merchants and saints and took control of the region from the hands of the Hindus and Buddhists. This rivalry brought to the most effective during the British rule on Indian subcontinent and after partition in 1947. Both countries blame each other for all the massacre and destruction caused at the time of partition and do not realize that the same incidents were found on both sides. After the Independence, both India and Pakistan had fought three wars (1965, 1971 and 1999) along with the time to time border tensions and clashes, military confrontations and blaming each other for assistance to non-state violent actors. The tensions before and at the time of partition and the problems of disputed and occupied territories had been the bone of contention between the two countries ever since their inception. Despite all the political differences, the citizens of both countries remain strongly interrelated and interconnected with each other through the (somewhat) same culture, same language, same dress, same weathers, same festivities and same traditions which are bonding them together despite the diplomatic differences promoted by the states.
Before partition in 1947, the Indian subcontinent includes Pakistan, India and Bangladesh; today,... more Before partition in 1947, the Indian subcontinent includes Pakistan, India and Bangladesh; today, the three independent countries and nations. This Indian Subcontinent has a history of some five millennium years and was spread over the area of one and a half millions of square miles (Swarup, 1968). The region is rich in natural as well as physical beauty. It has mountains, plains, forests, deserts, lakes, hills, and rivers with different climate and seasons throughout the year. This natural beauty has deep influence on the culture and life style of the people of the region. This land has been an object of invasion either from the route of mountains or the sea, bringing with it the new masses and ideas and assimilating and changing the culture of the people. The invaders were the Aryans, the Dravidians, the Parthians, the Greeks, the Sakas, the Kushans, the Huns, the Turks, the Afghans, and the Mongols (Singh, 2008) who all brought their unique cultures with them and the amalgamation gave rise to a new Indian Cilvilization.
“Do not stop doing good, even to those who have harmed you.
Rather, treat them with humanity and ... more “Do not stop doing good, even to those who have harmed you. Rather, treat them with humanity and nobility, for harming someone is brutish behavior. Returning evil with evil implies a deficiency in character, returning good for evil is nobility, says Fethullah Gulen in his book “Pearls of Wisdom.” Through the Hizmet Movement, Gülen has envisioned an ideal society, where values like peace, tolerance, brotherhood, respect of others’ thoughts, and human rights prevail as identical to the essence commanded by Islam. He has love for humanity, ethnicity and has promoted inter-cultural dialogues between people of different religions and faiths. Education has been an effective tool for Gülen to disseminate his outlook, which is based on teachings that promote ethical and contemporary interpretations of Islam. The institutions run by educational companies and foundations worldwide as inspired by Gülen do not preach about his teachings, rather, the teachers inspired by him are role models who initiate for change in their students’ educational and social accomplishments. In Pakistan, which has been a victim of the manifestations of fundamentalism in recent years, Gülen-inspired Turkish schools and other collaborating institutions may make considerable contribution to inspiring the youth and the general public by promoting peaceful coexistence through the tongue of education.
Defining woman as a person, she is denied an identity of her own; she is seen as a commodity, eve... more Defining woman as a person, she is denied an identity of her own; she is seen as a commodity, eventually owned by her husband or male members of family and society. Pakistan has the male dominated society with high ratio of illiteracy and poverty. Women are considered as inferior entity due to which women are mostly victimized. Women are victimized mentally, physically, psychologically, and deprived of their rights not only outside the home but also in the four walls of home. She is also deprived of her rights, although Islam has given equal rights and opportunities to both genders. Many national and international NGOs and GOs are working for the rights of women and are trying to create awareness among the people about the status of women in our society. Pick up any Urdu or English daily newspapers you will find news about violence against women. The stories are horrifying and frightening. There may be more stories, which have not reached the newspapers columns due to pressure of influential, police or family members. Violence may include corporealassail by vigor, spokencruelty, vengeance blazing and sexual cruelty, rape and enforced prostitution. The violence faced by married woman is not only by her husband but the women of in laws family also inflict violence along with the men of the parent’s family i.e. father, brothers, uncles, cousins etc. Without women the life is not possible, it is the mother that bears the pains and gives birth to a man, it is the sister who takes care of his requirements. It’s the wife who shares the sorrows and joys of the man’s life and then there is the daughter whose sight makes a man feels relaxed after the day long exertion.
The study reported here examined views of women regarding their lives, pressures, and factors con... more The study reported here examined views of women regarding their lives, pressures, and factors contributing to depression. Depression is an emotional state characterized by intense and unrealistic sadness and dejection. Women are more prone to depression than men because women are more likely to face a number of socio-economic risk factors for depression including racial and ethnic discrimination, lower educational and income level, segregation into low-status, and high stress because of unemployment, poor health, marital obligation, cultural disparity etc. The rate of sexual and physical abuse is also much higher than previously suspected and is a major factor in married women’s depression. The respondents for this paper have been selected on the basis of the marital period i.e. those women who have been married for from two to five years because in the early marital life women have more social and reproductive responsibilities and thus may be more prone to experience excess burdens which may contribute to depression. They are expected by family members and society to produce children during this period of biological fitness, while involved in domestic work. The respondents include only housewives.
Children are the future of every nation. To build a future on sound foundation, it is imperative ... more Children are the future of every nation. To build a future on sound foundation, it is imperative that each child gets its due rights. State responsibilities cannot be fulfilled unless an effective birth registration system is in place. Birth Registration is therefore, the first step to reach and extend the benefits of progress to every child. In simpler terms, it is tantamount to equalizing access for all. Unless we know where a child is, we can never address his/her needs. The government is committed to ensuring that every child has a right to a name, nationality and identity. Birth Registration is a parent’s first duty. Facilitating the parents in fulfillment of this duty is a joint responsibility of the relevant authorities, whose cooperation will encourage the parents to avail this service. Birth Registration is a means of recognizing one’s subsistence before law making ties of the child with its family and for tracking the important incidents of one’s life from birth to marriage and death. According to the Convention on the Rights of Child (CRC) and the national laws of the country, the birth registration is a fundamental right of every child and it is also a means to guarantee a better future for the next generation in terms of monetary provision and assets.
It is the need of the time that females must also be provided with opportunities to participate i... more It is the need of the time that females must also be provided with opportunities to participate in decision making, so that the pace of social development of the country could be accelerated. But unfortunately in our society women has not yet been given opportunities to make independent decisions in any important issue. She has to consult men and seek his consent and obey his command before taking any action. The study discussed that men are dominant in decisions over household and the other family members especially females. Men do not even consider the view point of the women before taking any family decisions. This may be because men are mostly earning members of the society or because they have more chances of academic qualifications so that they impose their decisions in all works on their women.
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every individual, but no specific concern has been given to the
health of a layman particularly in the reproductive side. Lack
of knowledge and awareness among the local masses boost the
problems of reproductive health particularly in the rural
setups and no importance has been given to the birth spacing
due to which the health and nutrition problems both in females
and children are at its peak. The three aspects of our society i.e.
culture, social and religious; all has played a negative role in
this regard, people are unaware of the teaching of Islam
regarding this issue and culture and social aspects also played
a negative role in this respect. District Swabi where the
education ratio is highest than as compared with other districts
of the Province Khyber Pakhtoonkhaw, is also confronting this
problem of birth spacing. The study showed that most of the
people believed that the methods of family planning that can
be used for birth spacing actually stop the reproduction ability
of the couple for the future. Despite of all these issues the
government has also not played a vital role to overcome the
problems in reproductive health sector.
Gulen has presented an ideal society through the Hizmet Movement, where he advocated peace, tolerance, brotherhood, respect of other’s thoughts, human rights etc. all elements of Islam but he also motivates Muslims to adapt to the modern world to cope with its challenges. He has love for humanity, ethnicity and has promoted inter-cultural dialogues between people of different religions and faiths.
Gulen has taken the most effective tool for the propagation of his thoughts that is through education. His teachings are promoting ethical and modern structure of Islam. The institutions run by Gulen do not preach about Gulen’s teachings and no special courses are offered based on Gulen’s teachings, the teachers inspired by Gulen are the role model and are the soul tool for transforming the pupils. These institutions offer Islam and science primarily and have brought tremendous successes for their students. This brings hope to Muslim people around the world that Islam does not stand in the way of their progress and development. The Gulen Movement can also do much in Pakistan by promoting a softer version of Islam. The Pak-Turk schools and other collaborating Institutions are inspiring the youth and masses who have been a victim of fundamentalism in the name of religion.
In an attempt to secure or depict borders or frontiers, several lines were to be drawn in India. One of them was the Durand Line Agreement (1893) that was to represent the limits of the respective spheres of influence of British India and Afghanistan on the North West Frontier of India, in order to keep the area free from Kabul's influence. As a result of this Agreement, the British managed to bring the populace under their domain, which was a natural buffer zone with Afghanistan between the Czarist Russia and British India. This paper attempts to analyse the significance of the Agreement for the British as part of their “ring fence” strategy to protect the ‘brightest jewel in the crown’ of the British Empire.
Nevertheless, over the last fifty years, South Asia has made some stumbling treads towards constancy, harmony and peace. This is an important step forward for a region characterized by diversities of ethnicity, religions, castes, classes, and languages. India has had an un-broken democracy over the last fifty years and Pakistan has been ruled over by military for a period of 33 years out of its almost 65 years of existence (Kukreja & Singh, 2008).Both countries became nuclear states in 1998.
However, Pakistan and India share the same and common cultural history and are tied with the upheaval of the invaders and colonial powers of the past as well. As it was Muslims from whom the Britain took charge, most of the Pakistani thought that it was the Muslims who were the basic and true occupier or lords of the land, not knowing the pre-historic era where the Muslims were also the foreigners who came as traders, merchants and saints and took control of the region from the hands of the Hindus and Buddhists. This rivalry brought to the most effective during the British rule on Indian subcontinent and after partition in 1947. Both countries blame each other for all the massacre and destruction caused at the time of partition and do not realize that the same incidents were found on both sides.
After the Independence, both India and Pakistan had fought three wars (1965, 1971 and 1999) along with the time to time border tensions and clashes, military confrontations and blaming each other for assistance to non-state violent actors. The tensions before and at the time of partition and the problems of disputed and occupied territories had been the bone of contention between the two countries ever since their inception.
Despite all the political differences, the citizens of both countries remain strongly interrelated and interconnected with each other through the (somewhat) same culture, same language, same dress, same weathers, same festivities and same traditions which are bonding them together despite the diplomatic differences promoted by the states.
This land has been an object of invasion either from the route of mountains or the sea, bringing with it the new masses and ideas and assimilating and changing the culture of the people. The invaders were the Aryans, the Dravidians, the Parthians, the Greeks, the Sakas, the Kushans, the Huns, the Turks, the Afghans, and the Mongols (Singh, 2008) who all brought their unique cultures with them and the amalgamation gave rise to a new Indian Cilvilization.
Rather, treat them with humanity and nobility, for harming someone is brutish behavior. Returning evil with evil implies a deficiency in character, returning good for evil is nobility, says Fethullah Gulen in his book “Pearls of Wisdom.”
Through the Hizmet Movement, Gülen has envisioned an ideal society, where values like peace, tolerance, brotherhood, respect of others’ thoughts, and human rights prevail as identical to the essence commanded by Islam. He has love for humanity, ethnicity and has promoted inter-cultural dialogues between people of different religions and faiths.
Education has been an effective tool for Gülen to disseminate his outlook, which is based on teachings that promote ethical and contemporary interpretations of Islam. The institutions run by educational companies and foundations worldwide as
inspired by Gülen do not preach about his teachings, rather, the teachers inspired by him are role models who initiate for change in their students’ educational and social accomplishments. In Pakistan, which has been a victim of the manifestations of fundamentalism in recent years, Gülen-inspired Turkish schools and other collaborating institutions may make considerable contribution to inspiring the youth and the general public by promoting peaceful coexistence through the tongue of education.
Women are victimized mentally, physically, psychologically, and deprived of their rights not only outside the home but also in the four walls of home. She is also deprived of her rights, although Islam has given equal rights and opportunities to both genders. Many national and international NGOs and GOs are working for the rights of women and are trying to create awareness among the people about the status of women in our society.
Pick up any Urdu or English daily newspapers you will find news about violence against women. The stories are horrifying and frightening. There may be more stories, which have not reached the newspapers columns due to pressure of influential, police or family members.
Violence may include corporealassail by vigor, spokencruelty, vengeance blazing and sexual cruelty, rape and enforced prostitution. The violence faced by married woman is not only by her husband but the women of in laws family also inflict violence along with the men of the parent’s family i.e. father, brothers, uncles, cousins etc. Without women the life is not possible, it is the mother that bears the pains and gives birth to a man, it is the sister who takes care of his requirements. It’s the wife who shares the sorrows and joys of the man’s life and then there is the daughter whose sight makes a man feels relaxed after the day long exertion.
The respondents for this paper have been selected on the basis of the marital period i.e. those women who have been married for from two to five years because in the early marital life women have more social and reproductive responsibilities and thus may be more prone to experience excess burdens which may contribute to depression. They are expected by family members and society to produce children during this period of biological fitness, while involved in domestic work. The respondents include only housewives.
Birth Registration is therefore, the first step to reach and extend the benefits of progress to every child. In simpler terms, it is tantamount to equalizing access for all. Unless we know where a child is, we can never address his/her needs. The government is committed to ensuring that every child has a right to a name, nationality and identity. Birth Registration is a parent’s first duty. Facilitating the parents in fulfillment of this duty is a joint responsibility of the relevant authorities, whose cooperation will encourage the parents to avail this service.
Birth Registration is a means of recognizing one’s subsistence before law making ties of the child with its family and for tracking the important incidents of one’s life from birth to marriage and death. According to the Convention on the Rights of Child (CRC) and the national laws of the country, the birth registration is a fundamental right of every child and it is also a means to guarantee a better future for the next generation in terms of monetary provision and assets.
The study discussed that men are dominant in decisions over household and the other family members especially females. Men do not even consider the view point of the women before taking any family decisions. This may be because men are mostly earning members of the society or because they have more chances of academic qualifications so that they impose their decisions in all works on their women.
every individual, but no specific concern has been given to the
health of a layman particularly in the reproductive side. Lack
of knowledge and awareness among the local masses boost the
problems of reproductive health particularly in the rural
setups and no importance has been given to the birth spacing
due to which the health and nutrition problems both in females
and children are at its peak. The three aspects of our society i.e.
culture, social and religious; all has played a negative role in
this regard, people are unaware of the teaching of Islam
regarding this issue and culture and social aspects also played
a negative role in this respect. District Swabi where the
education ratio is highest than as compared with other districts
of the Province Khyber Pakhtoonkhaw, is also confronting this
problem of birth spacing. The study showed that most of the
people believed that the methods of family planning that can
be used for birth spacing actually stop the reproduction ability
of the couple for the future. Despite of all these issues the
government has also not played a vital role to overcome the
problems in reproductive health sector.
Gulen has presented an ideal society through the Hizmet Movement, where he advocated peace, tolerance, brotherhood, respect of other’s thoughts, human rights etc. all elements of Islam but he also motivates Muslims to adapt to the modern world to cope with its challenges. He has love for humanity, ethnicity and has promoted inter-cultural dialogues between people of different religions and faiths.
Gulen has taken the most effective tool for the propagation of his thoughts that is through education. His teachings are promoting ethical and modern structure of Islam. The institutions run by Gulen do not preach about Gulen’s teachings and no special courses are offered based on Gulen’s teachings, the teachers inspired by Gulen are the role model and are the soul tool for transforming the pupils. These institutions offer Islam and science primarily and have brought tremendous successes for their students. This brings hope to Muslim people around the world that Islam does not stand in the way of their progress and development. The Gulen Movement can also do much in Pakistan by promoting a softer version of Islam. The Pak-Turk schools and other collaborating Institutions are inspiring the youth and masses who have been a victim of fundamentalism in the name of religion.
In an attempt to secure or depict borders or frontiers, several lines were to be drawn in India. One of them was the Durand Line Agreement (1893) that was to represent the limits of the respective spheres of influence of British India and Afghanistan on the North West Frontier of India, in order to keep the area free from Kabul's influence. As a result of this Agreement, the British managed to bring the populace under their domain, which was a natural buffer zone with Afghanistan between the Czarist Russia and British India. This paper attempts to analyse the significance of the Agreement for the British as part of their “ring fence” strategy to protect the ‘brightest jewel in the crown’ of the British Empire.
Nevertheless, over the last fifty years, South Asia has made some stumbling treads towards constancy, harmony and peace. This is an important step forward for a region characterized by diversities of ethnicity, religions, castes, classes, and languages. India has had an un-broken democracy over the last fifty years and Pakistan has been ruled over by military for a period of 33 years out of its almost 65 years of existence (Kukreja & Singh, 2008).Both countries became nuclear states in 1998.
However, Pakistan and India share the same and common cultural history and are tied with the upheaval of the invaders and colonial powers of the past as well. As it was Muslims from whom the Britain took charge, most of the Pakistani thought that it was the Muslims who were the basic and true occupier or lords of the land, not knowing the pre-historic era where the Muslims were also the foreigners who came as traders, merchants and saints and took control of the region from the hands of the Hindus and Buddhists. This rivalry brought to the most effective during the British rule on Indian subcontinent and after partition in 1947. Both countries blame each other for all the massacre and destruction caused at the time of partition and do not realize that the same incidents were found on both sides.
After the Independence, both India and Pakistan had fought three wars (1965, 1971 and 1999) along with the time to time border tensions and clashes, military confrontations and blaming each other for assistance to non-state violent actors. The tensions before and at the time of partition and the problems of disputed and occupied territories had been the bone of contention between the two countries ever since their inception.
Despite all the political differences, the citizens of both countries remain strongly interrelated and interconnected with each other through the (somewhat) same culture, same language, same dress, same weathers, same festivities and same traditions which are bonding them together despite the diplomatic differences promoted by the states.
This land has been an object of invasion either from the route of mountains or the sea, bringing with it the new masses and ideas and assimilating and changing the culture of the people. The invaders were the Aryans, the Dravidians, the Parthians, the Greeks, the Sakas, the Kushans, the Huns, the Turks, the Afghans, and the Mongols (Singh, 2008) who all brought their unique cultures with them and the amalgamation gave rise to a new Indian Cilvilization.
Rather, treat them with humanity and nobility, for harming someone is brutish behavior. Returning evil with evil implies a deficiency in character, returning good for evil is nobility, says Fethullah Gulen in his book “Pearls of Wisdom.”
Through the Hizmet Movement, Gülen has envisioned an ideal society, where values like peace, tolerance, brotherhood, respect of others’ thoughts, and human rights prevail as identical to the essence commanded by Islam. He has love for humanity, ethnicity and has promoted inter-cultural dialogues between people of different religions and faiths.
Education has been an effective tool for Gülen to disseminate his outlook, which is based on teachings that promote ethical and contemporary interpretations of Islam. The institutions run by educational companies and foundations worldwide as
inspired by Gülen do not preach about his teachings, rather, the teachers inspired by him are role models who initiate for change in their students’ educational and social accomplishments. In Pakistan, which has been a victim of the manifestations of fundamentalism in recent years, Gülen-inspired Turkish schools and other collaborating institutions may make considerable contribution to inspiring the youth and the general public by promoting peaceful coexistence through the tongue of education.
Women are victimized mentally, physically, psychologically, and deprived of their rights not only outside the home but also in the four walls of home. She is also deprived of her rights, although Islam has given equal rights and opportunities to both genders. Many national and international NGOs and GOs are working for the rights of women and are trying to create awareness among the people about the status of women in our society.
Pick up any Urdu or English daily newspapers you will find news about violence against women. The stories are horrifying and frightening. There may be more stories, which have not reached the newspapers columns due to pressure of influential, police or family members.
Violence may include corporealassail by vigor, spokencruelty, vengeance blazing and sexual cruelty, rape and enforced prostitution. The violence faced by married woman is not only by her husband but the women of in laws family also inflict violence along with the men of the parent’s family i.e. father, brothers, uncles, cousins etc. Without women the life is not possible, it is the mother that bears the pains and gives birth to a man, it is the sister who takes care of his requirements. It’s the wife who shares the sorrows and joys of the man’s life and then there is the daughter whose sight makes a man feels relaxed after the day long exertion.
The respondents for this paper have been selected on the basis of the marital period i.e. those women who have been married for from two to five years because in the early marital life women have more social and reproductive responsibilities and thus may be more prone to experience excess burdens which may contribute to depression. They are expected by family members and society to produce children during this period of biological fitness, while involved in domestic work. The respondents include only housewives.
Birth Registration is therefore, the first step to reach and extend the benefits of progress to every child. In simpler terms, it is tantamount to equalizing access for all. Unless we know where a child is, we can never address his/her needs. The government is committed to ensuring that every child has a right to a name, nationality and identity. Birth Registration is a parent’s first duty. Facilitating the parents in fulfillment of this duty is a joint responsibility of the relevant authorities, whose cooperation will encourage the parents to avail this service.
Birth Registration is a means of recognizing one’s subsistence before law making ties of the child with its family and for tracking the important incidents of one’s life from birth to marriage and death. According to the Convention on the Rights of Child (CRC) and the national laws of the country, the birth registration is a fundamental right of every child and it is also a means to guarantee a better future for the next generation in terms of monetary provision and assets.
The study discussed that men are dominant in decisions over household and the other family members especially females. Men do not even consider the view point of the women before taking any family decisions. This may be because men are mostly earning members of the society or because they have more chances of academic qualifications so that they impose their decisions in all works on their women.