Papers by Hassan Faruk Maradun
Asian Journal of Research in Animal and Veterinary Sciences, Sep 19, 2019
International journal of fisheries and aquatic studies, Jul 1, 2022
International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Studies, 2022
This study was carried out to ascertain the influence of fishing gear used by fisherfolks on the ... more This study was carried out to ascertain the influence of fishing gear used by fisherfolks on the yield of fish in River Benue, Nigeria. The study was conducted in three fishing villages that are also landing sites. They are within Adamawa State axis with the Benue River passing through them. The selected villages are Boranji (Site 1), Damare (Site 2) and Hayin gada (Site 3). The study was conducted bi-monthly for three months from the month of July to September 2021. In the conduct of this study, both primary and secondary methods of data collection were used. A total of One Hundredand Forty (140) respondents were sampled with structured interview and questionnaire. The study showed that the fishing gears employed and operated in the study sites are used to capture different species of fish. Most prominent of the gearsu is the gill net and Malian trap. The study also revealed that Sixteen (16) fish species from seven (7) families were caught by the six artisanal fishing gears in all the sites. The study revealed the obvious neglect of the artisanal fisherfolks with regards to provision of infrastructural facilities despite the enormous contribution they give to the domestic fish output.
36th Annual Conference of Fisheries Society of Nigeria (FISON), 2021
This study was carried out in Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto to determine the length-weight ... more This study was carried out in Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto to determine the length-weight Relationships and condition factor of Parachanna obscura from River Rima, Sokoto, Northwest, Nigeria. A total of 50 fish samples were collected from artisanal fishermen at their landing site biweekly for 3 months. The standard length
(cm) and body weight (g) were measured. The length-weight relationship and condition factors were determined from the data collected. The statistical tools used in the analyses include; descriptive statistics, Regression and correlation. The LWR revealed negative allometric growth patterns. This was attributed to the body form of the fish
(fussiform). Further researches were therefore recommended on the biology of this species.
A study on the effect of different doses of Ovatide hormone suspended in saline on the breeding p... more A study on the effect of different doses of Ovatide hormone suspended in saline on the breeding performance of Clarias anguillaris and Clarias gariepinus was carried out. The experiment was conducted in a 2x5 factorial experiment in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) at the Hatchery Unit of the Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Usmanu Danfodiyo University, Sokoto. Species and hormone dilutions constituted the factors; specie having 2 levels (C. anguillaris and C. gariepinus) and ovatide hormone suspended in saline at 5 levels (0%, 25%, 50%, 75% and 100%). The result showed that species levels did not significantly (p>0.05) affect the breeding performance in all the parameters observed. However, fertilization rate, hatching rate and survival rate were significantly affected (p 0.05) on egg weight, spawning fecundity and relative fecundity. It could be concluded from this study that the synthetic hormone ovatide can effectively be suspended in saline at different dilution ...
The study was conducted to determine the effects of different doses of ovulin on the induced bree... more The study was conducted to determine the effects of different doses of ovulin on the induced breeding performance of Clarias gariepinus. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design (CRD). 12 broodstocks were used for the experiment (9 females, 3 males) and the broodstock were distributed into three treatments (Treatment A was injected with 0.3ml/kg, Treatment B was injected with 0.5ml/kg and Treatment C was injected with 0.7ml/kg) and each treatment was replicated three times. The result showed that Treatment C had the highest mean values for fertilization rate (88.12%) and was significantly different from the other treatments. It also has higher value for Hatching rate (82.07%) but lower rates for larval survival (83.60%). Treatment B had the highest value for larval survival with 85.20% followed by Treatments A and C with mean values of 84.23% and 83.60% respectively. The present investigation demonstrated that C. gariepinus can successfully be induced to ovulate a...
Asian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research, Aug 8, 2019
International Journal of Advanced Research, Jan 31, 2018
Length-weight relationship of Protopterus annectens (Owen) in River Rima Sokoto Nigeria was condu... more Length-weight relationship of Protopterus annectens (Owen) in River Rima Sokoto Nigeria was conducted from August to October, 2007. A total of 80 fish samples of Protopterus annectens were used for the experiment and the samples were obtained from River Rima at Kwalkwalawa fish landing site along the main campus of Usmanu Danfodiyo University Sokoto. The samples were collected weekly from the fishermen from August to October, 2007 and taken to laboratory, examined fresh, while those that could not be treated immediately were preserved in a freezer until the next day. The total length of the fih sssamples in the experiment ranged from 21.8cm to 43.1cm with a mean value of 28.27±4.00 and weigh between 73.2g and 337.4g with a corresponding mean value of 135.46±44.89. The results obtained showed that the growth pattern of the fish was negatively allometric with b value of 1.5793. The condition factor (K) of the fish ranged from 0.35 to 0.95 with mean value of 0.62±0.16. There was strong...
International Journal of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries , 2021
The experiment was conducted to evaluate the sensory attribute, proximate composition, shelf life... more The experiment was conducted to evaluate the sensory attribute, proximate composition, shelf life and microbial load of the 'cake' product made using fish protein concentrate from Bagrus bayad. Fish samples were collected from Shagari earth Dam landing site and dried at 60°C-70°C temperature for 6-12 hours. The sample was baked after the grinded fish powder is mixed with wheat flour at the percentage of 0%, 10%, 20%, 30% and 40% respectively. The result showed that there was significant difference (p<0.05) in terms of sensory attribute while in the proximate composition, significant difference (p<0.05) was recorded only in crude protein values of the product, with the highest % mean value in crude fibre (75.19) and least in crude protein (12.90). The microbial colony count was low at the initial week, increase subsequently and later reduces as the number of storage days increases. In terms of acceptability, cake with 10% and 20% inclusion rate is more acceptable but in terms of nutritional value, 40% is the best as it's higher in protein. From the result obtained from this research, treatment II and III are recommended because they were highly acceptable by the panelists in terms of taste, texture, appearance, and odour.
International Journal of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries , 2021
Fish Protein concentrate (FPC) from low value tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) which would otherwi... more Fish Protein concentrate (FPC) from low value tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) which would otherwise have been discarded, was used in certain proportions (0%, 5%, 10% and 15%), in addition to wheat flour, for the production of chin-chin in order to address the problem of inadequate intake of protein and to determine the acceptable proportion of FPC to wheat flour by consumers. Sensory (organoleptic) parameters of the samples were determined, and the results subjected to statistical analysis using ANOVA. Except taste, the samples were not significantly different (p>0.05) in the sensory attributes determined. There was also no significant difference (p>0.05) in crude protein, ether-extract, ash, moisture, and crude fibre content of the product. However, significant difference (p<0.05) was observed in the nitrogen free extract content of the treatments. The low value fish like Tilapia species can be used to improve the nutritional composition (especially the protein content) of foods high in carbohydrate and low in other nutrients. The species can also be used as a substitute for other additives that are proteins in nature. Results obtained also indicated that wheat flour can be substituted with low value fish powder up to 15% level. A notable increase in Fibre contents with a decrease in carbohydrate content in the chin-chin was observed.
International Journal of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries , 2021
The study evaluates the influence of age on the prevalence of gill parasites and associated lesio... more The study evaluates the influence of age on the prevalence of gill parasites and associated lesions in cultured Catfish (Clarias gariepinus). A total of ninety (90) live fishes were collected, euthanized and the gill samples were obtained for parasitological and histopathological examinations. The samples for histopathology were placed and fixed in 10% neutral buffered formalin solution, while wet mount method was used for parasitological examination. Fish samples were grouped into three age-based groups: 2 months, 4 months, and 6 months. The results showed 22 fish (24.4%) were positive for the presence of parasite among fish of 6-months-old; 25 fish (27.8%) were positive among fish of 4 months and 29 fish (32.3%) were positive for fish of 2 months. Histopathological changes observed include gill filament thickening, inflammatory cellular infiltration, hyaline degeneration, hemorrhage, and vascular congestion. Data were analysed to compare changes using appropriate statistical tool. It was observed that age has an influence in the prevalence of gill parasites and associated lesions. Gill parasites and associated lesions tend to be lower in younger fish than in older fishes where the prevalence was very high. It can be concluded that the older fish tends to be more prone to gill parasites as well as associated lesions than the younger fish. If these fishes are highly infested, it will retard their growth, health as well as productivity.
Agricultural Biomass can play a significant role in alternative energy generation. Briquetting of... more Agricultural Biomass can play a significant role in alternative energy generation. Briquetting of melon shell residues can alleviate some of the problems of energy shortage being encountered worldwide. This study was conducted to determine and compare the suitability and efficiency of melon shell briquettes as an alternative energy sources to fuel wood in fish smoking with a view to mitigate the measures in firewood utilization. Briquettes were made using a hydraulic press machine. A metal rectangular die of dimension 12.3cmx9. 2cmx7.3cm length, Width and height respectively, Fish samples collected were smoked using fuel wood and melon shell briquettes in a modified drum smoking kiln. Sensory (organoleptic) parameters of the samples were determined and the results subjected to statistical analysis using One-way Analysis of variance (ANOVA). Except their color, the samples were not significantly different (p>0.05) in the (taste, odor and texture) sensory attributes. However, the densification characteristics of briquettes were 0.12, 0.09 and 0.20 lengths, breadth and mass, respectively and 1.94 and 0.52 relaxation and density ratio respectively. The Specific Fuel Consumption (SFC) recorded was 4.10 and 3.82 kg/kg of fresh fish, smoked with fuel wood and melon shell briquettes at the costs of ₦41. 73 and ₦29. 10, respectively. The burning rate (BR) recorded was 0.023 and 0.022kg/min, for firewood and melon shell briquettes respectively. It was, therefore, concluded that melon shell briquettes should be efficiently used as an alternative to fuel wood in fish smoking. Since Both Firewood and melon shell briquettes yielded best-smoked fish products. Then Smoking of fish can be done using melon shell briquettes as an alternative source of fuel to reduce energy scarcity and promote environmentally friendly practice in waste management. Constant turning of fish and regulating of the smoke density and temperature should be adequately taken care of during smoking.
The study was conducted to determine the effects of different doses of ovulin on the induced bree... more The study was conducted to determine the effects of different doses of ovulin on the induced breeding performance of Clarias gariepinus. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design (CRD). 12 broodstocks were used for the experiment (9 females, 3 males) and the broodstock were distributed into three treatments (Treatment A was injected with 0.3ml/kg, Treatment B was injected with 0.5ml/kg and Treatment C was injected with 0.7ml/kg) and each treatment was replicated three times. The result showed that Treatment C had the highest mean values for fertilization rate (88.12%) and was significantly different from the other treatments. It also has higher value for Hatching rate (82.07%) but lower rates for larval survival (83.60%). Treatment B had the highest value for larval survival with 85.20% followed by Treatments A and C with mean values of 84.23% and 83.60% respectively. The present investigation demonstrated that C. gariepinus can successfully be induced to ovulate at 0.3ml Ovulin per kg body weight, lower than the recommended 0.5ml/kg dosage, ensuring high quality eggs and more normal larvae.
Induced breeding of African catfish Clarias gariepinus was conducted to investigate the effect of... more Induced breeding of African catfish Clarias gariepinus was conducted to investigate the effect of different male-female broodstock ratio on the breeding performance. The broodstock for the experiment were collected from the National Institute for Freshwater Fisheries Research, New Bussa and the experiment was carried out at the hatchery section of Happy Island Garden, Sokoto. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design (CRD) with treatment combinations as; 1:1 male:female broodstock ratio (Treatment A), 1:2 male:female broodstock ratio (Treatment B) and 1:3 male:female broodstock ratio (Treatment C). The broodstocks were injected with ovulin hormone at the recommended dosage of 0.5ml/kg body weight for the females and half dosage was administered to the males. The result showed that Treatment A had the highest fertilization rate (71.66%) and hatching rate (88.70%) as well as survival rate (73.17%) followed by Treatment B with 68.69% fertilization but had the least values for hatching rate (80.58%) and survival rate (70.83%). Treatment C had the lowest value for fertilization (64.25%) but was following Treatment A in terms of hatching rate (84.54%) and survival rate (72.13%). However, no significant differences (p>0.05) exist between the treatments in terms of the breeding performance parameters examined. The present study showed that C. gariepinus of mean body weight of 600g can successfully be induced with ovulin hormone at different broodstock ratios to ovulate and obtain eggs and larvae of good quality.
Induced breeding of African catfish Clarias gariepinus was conducted to investigate the effect of... more Induced breeding of African catfish Clarias gariepinus was conducted to investigate the effect of different male-female broodstock ratio on the breeding performance. The broodstock for the experiment were collected from the National Institute for Freshwater Fisheries Research, New Bussa and the experiment was carried out at the hatchery section of Happy Island Garden, Sokoto. The experiment was set up in a completely randomized design (CRD) with treatment combinations as; 1:1 male:female broodstock ratio (Treatment A), 1:2 male:female broodstock ratio (Treatment B) and 1:3 male:female broodstock ratio (Treatment C). The broodstocks were injected with ovulin hormone at the recommended dosage of 0.5ml/kg body weight for the females and half dosage was administered to the males. The result showed that Treatment A had the highest fertilization rate (71.66%) and hatching rate (88.70%) as well as survival rate (73.17%) followed by Treatment B with 68.69% fertilization but had the least values for hatching rate (80.58%) and survival rate (70.83%). Treatment C had the lowest value for fertilization (64.25%) but was following Treatment A in terms of hatching rate (84.54%) and survival rate (72.13%). However, no significant differences (p>0.05) exist between the treatments in terms of the breeding performance parameters examined. The present study showed that C. gariepinus of mean body weight of 600g can successfully be induced with ovulin hormone at different broodstock ratios to ovulate and obtain eggs and larvae of good quality.The African catfish is widely considered as the leading cultured fish in Nigeria and it is considered as the most sought after fish species among fish farmers and consumers because it commands a very good commercial value (Oladosu et al., 1993). It is a very important fish in the commercial fisheries in Nigeria because of its desirable qualities such as ability to tolerate low dissolved oxygen, ability to produce in captivity and fast growth rate. It is also observed to have efficient feed conversion capacity (Nweke and Ugwumba, 2005).
Wild plants offer a convenient but cheap means of providing adequate supplies of nutrients to man... more Wild plants offer a convenient but cheap means of providing adequate supplies of nutrients to man and animals living
within the tropics but the availability of these nutrients after ingestion depends on nutritional quality of the plant even
when tested within one fish species. Considering the significance of quality data needed for the development of useful
models across ingredients and species, the effect of Cissus populnea root meal fed as soybean meal replacer in the diet
of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) was evaluated through proximate analysis of the experimental plants and animal. The
proximate composition of crude protein level in the Cissus populnea root were 32.45% while that of soyabean is 46.22%.
The ash content of cissus populnea (5.34%) which indicate presence of mineral elements is close to that of soyabean
seed (6.89%) while fat (1.45%), Fibre (3.30%), Moisture (6.50%) and carbohydrate (50.93%) contents were recorded for
Cissus populnea and 46.22%, 3.01%, 5.89%, 6.89%, 19.91% and 21.09% were recorded for Soyabean in the same
order. The proximate composition of the experimental fish carcass revealed the diets to be isonitrogenous as there was
no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the nutrient contents of the carcass except for the % crude fibre in the total
replacement of soyabean meal (100% CpRM inclusion) despite the varying % crude protein content in the diets.
Therefore, inclusions of Cissus populnea root meal as replacer for Soyabean meal in diets of Clarias gariepinus does
not have effect on the nutritional composition of the animal.
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Papers by Hassan Faruk Maradun
(cm) and body weight (g) were measured. The length-weight relationship and condition factors were determined from the data collected. The statistical tools used in the analyses include; descriptive statistics, Regression and correlation. The LWR revealed negative allometric growth patterns. This was attributed to the body form of the fish
(fussiform). Further researches were therefore recommended on the biology of this species.
within the tropics but the availability of these nutrients after ingestion depends on nutritional quality of the plant even
when tested within one fish species. Considering the significance of quality data needed for the development of useful
models across ingredients and species, the effect of Cissus populnea root meal fed as soybean meal replacer in the diet
of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) was evaluated through proximate analysis of the experimental plants and animal. The
proximate composition of crude protein level in the Cissus populnea root were 32.45% while that of soyabean is 46.22%.
The ash content of cissus populnea (5.34%) which indicate presence of mineral elements is close to that of soyabean
seed (6.89%) while fat (1.45%), Fibre (3.30%), Moisture (6.50%) and carbohydrate (50.93%) contents were recorded for
Cissus populnea and 46.22%, 3.01%, 5.89%, 6.89%, 19.91% and 21.09% were recorded for Soyabean in the same
order. The proximate composition of the experimental fish carcass revealed the diets to be isonitrogenous as there was
no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the nutrient contents of the carcass except for the % crude fibre in the total
replacement of soyabean meal (100% CpRM inclusion) despite the varying % crude protein content in the diets.
Therefore, inclusions of Cissus populnea root meal as replacer for Soyabean meal in diets of Clarias gariepinus does
not have effect on the nutritional composition of the animal.
(cm) and body weight (g) were measured. The length-weight relationship and condition factors were determined from the data collected. The statistical tools used in the analyses include; descriptive statistics, Regression and correlation. The LWR revealed negative allometric growth patterns. This was attributed to the body form of the fish
(fussiform). Further researches were therefore recommended on the biology of this species.
within the tropics but the availability of these nutrients after ingestion depends on nutritional quality of the plant even
when tested within one fish species. Considering the significance of quality data needed for the development of useful
models across ingredients and species, the effect of Cissus populnea root meal fed as soybean meal replacer in the diet
of catfish (Clarias gariepinus) was evaluated through proximate analysis of the experimental plants and animal. The
proximate composition of crude protein level in the Cissus populnea root were 32.45% while that of soyabean is 46.22%.
The ash content of cissus populnea (5.34%) which indicate presence of mineral elements is close to that of soyabean
seed (6.89%) while fat (1.45%), Fibre (3.30%), Moisture (6.50%) and carbohydrate (50.93%) contents were recorded for
Cissus populnea and 46.22%, 3.01%, 5.89%, 6.89%, 19.91% and 21.09% were recorded for Soyabean in the same
order. The proximate composition of the experimental fish carcass revealed the diets to be isonitrogenous as there was
no significant difference (P > 0.05) in the nutrient contents of the carcass except for the % crude fibre in the total
replacement of soyabean meal (100% CpRM inclusion) despite the varying % crude protein content in the diets.
Therefore, inclusions of Cissus populnea root meal as replacer for Soyabean meal in diets of Clarias gariepinus does
not have effect on the nutritional composition of the animal.