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Ashraf Mashaly

Minia University, Zoology, Faculty Member

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Ashraf Mashaly is a professor of Entomology at the Faculty of Science, Minia University, Egypt, where he develops his research interests in forensic entomology and behavioral ecology.
Phone: Office: +9661 4695240
Address: King Saud University
Collage of Science
Department of Zoology
PO Box 2455
Riyadh 11451
King. of Saudi Arabia

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Papers by Ashraf Mashaly

Neurogenese, Wachstum und Integration von lokalen Nervenzellen in einem multisensorischen Neuropil im zentralen Gehrin adulter Insekten

The Trail Pheromone of the Venomous Samsum Ant,<i>Pachycondyla sennaarensis</i>

Journal of insect science, Mar 1, 2011

Larvicidal activity of N1,n1,n4,n4-tetramethylpiperazine-1,4-dicarboxamide against Aedes caspius and Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae)

Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 2016

Allelic variation of melanocortin-1 receptor locus in Saudi indigenous sheep exhibiting different color coats

Asian-australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, Aug 4, 2016

Effect of height to ground level on the insect attraction to exposed rabbit carcasses

Journal of Environmental Biology, Jan 14, 2020

Comparative study of the in vivo toxicity and pathophysiology of envenomation by three medically important Egyptian snake venoms

Archives of Toxicology, Nov 13, 2019

Do Secondary Bacterial Endosymbionts of Aphids Affect the Vector Specificity or Transmission Efficiency of Plant Viruses?

African Entomology, Sep 1, 2015

Trail communication in two<i>Messor</i>species,<i>M. meridionalis</i>and<i>M. foreli</i>(Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Italian Journal of Zoology, Dec 1, 2011

Efficiency of three mitochondrial genes in molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of termites

Research Journal of Biotechnology, 2019

Species richness of scavenger insects on different carcass types

Tropical biomedicine, 2019

The type and amount of resources available significantly influences the structure and dynamics of... more The type and amount of resources available significantly influences the structure and dynamics of food webs. In this study, we analyzed differences in species richness of scavengers based on carcass type in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. We collected insects from experimental carcasses of three different types, domestic dogs (Canidae, Canis lupus familiaris), Hijazi goats (Bovidae, Capra aegagrus hircus), and camels (Camelidae, Camelus dromedarius). Data collection was conducted during the decay stage in June, 2016. We used mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) barcodes as a marker for the molecular identification of the scavenger insects. The results showed that there were more insects on the camels and goats than the dogs. In total, seven species were found on all carrions. Six species were found on the camels and goats, but only five were found on the dog. Musca domestica was the most collected species of flies whereas, Necrobia rufipes was the most collected species of bee...

Biosurfactant electrospun nanofibers exhibit minimal side effects on the structure and function of the liver tissue in male rat model

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2020

Thymoquinone ameliorates Pachycondyla sennaarensis venom-induced acute toxic shock in male rats

BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology, 2019

Background For many decades, the sting of Samsun ant (Pachycondyla sennaarensis) has been a serio... more Background For many decades, the sting of Samsun ant (Pachycondyla sennaarensis) has been a serious clinical challenge for the people living in some of the major Middle East and Asian countries. In the present study, the therapeutic potential of Nigella sativa derived plant extract component, thymoquinone (TQ) has been tested against the Samsun ant venom (SAV) at the toxic dose in the rats. Methods The adult male rats were divided into four groups (n = 10): control, SAV treated, SAV + TQ treated and TQ alone treated. It was found that the sub-lethal dose of SAV alters not only many of the kidney and liver function markers but also induces oxidative stress in the animals. Moreover, the SAV also disturbs various immunological parameters including expression of PMNs, CD-80, CD-86, interleukins and other cytokines compromising the affected organism towards mild to severe allergic reactions including life-risking anaphylaxis. Results The plant extract, TQ, effectively restores many of th...

Molecular Identification of the Carrion Beetles (Coleoptera) in Selected Regions of Saudi Arabia

Journal of Medical Entomology, 2018

Abstract Geographical regions have a major effect on the arrival times of different insect specie... more Abstract Geographical regions have a major effect on the arrival times of different insect species on carrion. This means that data generated in one region should not be used to determine time of death in a different region. In the present study, we demonstrate the effect of geographical location on the diversity of carrion beetles in Saudi Arabia, whereas the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) barcodes were used as a marker for molecular identification of the carrion beetles at a dry stage on sheep carrion. We analyzed 819 adult beetles belonging to nine species originating from Riyadh (609 beetles), Jazan (157 beetles), and Arar (53 beetles). In Riyadh, results showed the presence of six species belonging to three different families. On the other hand, in Jazan five species belonging to four families were collected. From Arar, five species belonging to three families were collected. By comparing between individuals of the same species from different regions, individuals of Necrobia rufipes DeGeer (Coleoptera: Cleridae) showed the highest intraspecific variations 0–20%, while individuals of Saprinus splendens Paykull and Saprinus semistriatus Scriba (Coleoptera: Histeridae) showed the lowest intraspecific variations 0–1%. Interspecific variability was also measured between collected and identified species, with differences revealed to be in the range of 3.8–29.8%.The results are important from an ecological point of view and for Medico-Legal Forensic Entomology.

Genetic diversity of termites from Ta'if City, Saudi Arabia

Journal of Environmental Biology, 2019

First Report of Necrophagous Insects on Human Corpses in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Journal of Medical Entomology, 2016

معجم مصطلحات علم الحشرات الجنائي(إنجليزي-عربي)

يقدم هذا المعجم تغطية شاملة وأساسية لمصطلحات علم الحشرات الجنائي الذي يختص بالوقائع الجنائية المر... more يقدم هذا المعجم تغطية شاملة وأساسية لمصطلحات علم الحشرات الجنائي الذي يختص بالوقائع الجنائية المرتبطة بالحشرات التي ينظر إليها رجال القانون، مراعيًا تطبيق الخبرة الطبية والتحليل العلمي السليم، معتمدًا على الدلائل والوسائل الموجودة في علم الحشرات. وقد اختيرت المصطلحات الأكثر استعمالاً في الكتابات العامة والأوساط العِلمية والعَملية المتخصصة والسائدة في كثير من مساقات علوم الحشرات وعلوم الحياة والعلوم الطبية وغيرها من التخصصات، ووَفقًا لمتطلبات برامج التعليم في معظم كليات الزراعة والعلوم الطبيعية والطب البشري والبيطري في الدول العربية. ويستفيد من هذا المعجم مجموعة واسعة من القراء بمختلف متطلباتهم المعرفية؛ فبالإضافة إلى الباحثين والعاملين في مختلف المؤسسات الأكاديمية والبحثية والصناعية، فإن المعجم سيساعد طلاب الكليات ومراكز الأبحاث والأدلة الجنائية، التي لا تزال مقرراتها أو مراجعها باللغة الإنجليزية، في الحصول على المقابل العربي لآلاف المصطلحات التي يمر بها الطالب في أثناء دراسته والباحث خلال بحثه؛ وذلك لأن فهم أي علم في العالم العربي أو استيعابه لم ولن يتحقق تحقُّقًا كاملاً إلا عن طري...

A Light and Electron Microscopic Study of the Mushroom Bodies in the Cricket Gryllus bimaculatus

Die Paarweisen säulensartigen Pilzkörper (MBs) des Insektgehirns stellen ein dominierendes neurop... more Die Paarweisen säulensartigen Pilzkörper (MBs) des Insektgehirns stellen ein dominierendes neuropiles für multimodal sensorische Integration, die am wichtigsten für die Organisation des olfactorischen Verhaltens und für Gedächtnis und das Lernen. Die MBs enthalten immer eine Kategorie lokale Interneurones, die Kenyon Zellen (KCs). In den erwachsenen Grillengehirnen - im Gegensatz zu anderer Insektsorte- nur wird eine Gruppe von KCs ununterbrochen eben von fortbestehenden neuroblasts während des Erwachsenlebens gebildet. Diese wachsen und unterschiedene Neuronen müssen in ein strukturell eingerichtetes, synaptisches Funktionellnetz integriert werden, das für das Organisieren des olfaktorischen Verhaltens unentbehrlich ist.In Gryllus bimaculatus studieren wir die wachsende KCs in den MB- neuropiles in Verhältnis zu unterschiedenen MB Neuronen mit Immunlicht und Konventionelle Elektronenmikroskopie. Ein Konischer Block von ungefähr 100 wachsendes KCs, der von mitotischen Neuroblasten i...

Forensic entomology research in Egypt: a review article

Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2022

Background Forensic entomology (FE) is widely considered as an important field of forensic scienc... more Background Forensic entomology (FE) is widely considered as an important field of forensic science, particularly in the field of estimating postmortem intervals, which has advanced considerably across the world. Main body Researchers used necrophagous insects in twelve Egyptian governorates to look into the variables that impact insect succession and the growth of juvenile stages from infesting animal models and humans, draw toxicological conclusions, and identify insect species using morphological and molecular-based approaches. The study includes analyses of insect abundance and dispersion, along with biochemical and electrophysiological experiments. Comparable data from other Egyptian governorates, on the other side, is currently unavailable. Aspects of FE are also missing, which might be addressed in a future research project. Conclusion This review aims to provide an outline of FE in Egypt, other than to assist existing researchers in identifying research needs and recruiting n...

First record of Chrysomya saffranea (Diptera: Calliphoridae) of forensic importance in India

Tropical biomedicine, 2016

Many of the blow flies (Calliphoridae) are of economic importance because of their effects on pub... more Many of the blow flies (Calliphoridae) are of economic importance because of their effects on public health and the economy by causing myiasis in human beings and animals. Blow flies are also, however, forensic bioindicators since they can be used to determine the Post-Mortem Interval (PMI). Chrysomya saffranea (Bigot 1877), a dipteran calliphoridae of forensic and economic importance is currently endemic and recorded only in Australia and New Guinea. Here, the occurrence of C. saffranea is reported for the first time from Aurangabad City, Maharashtra State in India. Fully grown third instar larvae of C. saffranea were collected from decaying cats. The larvae were reared under laboratory conditions and adult flies freshly emerged from pupae were collected and identified by their morphological features.

Trail communication in two Paratrechina species Paratrechina longicornis (Latreille) and Paratrechina vividula (Nylander, 1846) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

The hind gut of the worker of the two Paratrechina species is the source of the trail pheromone. ... more The hind gut of the worker of the two Paratrechina species is the source of the trail pheromone. In P. vividula, the poison gland secretion has an inhibitory effect but in P. longicornis it hasn’t. In P. lon gicornis and P. vividula, the optimum dose of the trail- following was found to be 1 gaster equivalent / 30 cm trail. The optimum dose lasting time could last for 105 minutes in both the two species.

Neurogenese, Wachstum und Integration von lokalen Nervenzellen in einem multisensorischen Neuropil im zentralen Gehrin adulter Insekten

The Trail Pheromone of the Venomous Samsum Ant,<i>Pachycondyla sennaarensis</i>

Journal of insect science, Mar 1, 2011

Larvicidal activity of N1,n1,n4,n4-tetramethylpiperazine-1,4-dicarboxamide against Aedes caspius and Culex pipiens (Diptera: Culicidae)

Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 2016

Allelic variation of melanocortin-1 receptor locus in Saudi indigenous sheep exhibiting different color coats

Asian-australasian Journal of Animal Sciences, Aug 4, 2016

Effect of height to ground level on the insect attraction to exposed rabbit carcasses

Journal of Environmental Biology, Jan 14, 2020

Comparative study of the in vivo toxicity and pathophysiology of envenomation by three medically important Egyptian snake venoms

Archives of Toxicology, Nov 13, 2019

Do Secondary Bacterial Endosymbionts of Aphids Affect the Vector Specificity or Transmission Efficiency of Plant Viruses?

African Entomology, Sep 1, 2015

Trail communication in two<i>Messor</i>species,<i>M. meridionalis</i>and<i>M. foreli</i>(Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

Italian Journal of Zoology, Dec 1, 2011

Efficiency of three mitochondrial genes in molecular identification and phylogenetic analysis of termites

Research Journal of Biotechnology, 2019

Species richness of scavenger insects on different carcass types

Tropical biomedicine, 2019

The type and amount of resources available significantly influences the structure and dynamics of... more The type and amount of resources available significantly influences the structure and dynamics of food webs. In this study, we analyzed differences in species richness of scavengers based on carcass type in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. We collected insects from experimental carcasses of three different types, domestic dogs (Canidae, Canis lupus familiaris), Hijazi goats (Bovidae, Capra aegagrus hircus), and camels (Camelidae, Camelus dromedarius). Data collection was conducted during the decay stage in June, 2016. We used mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) barcodes as a marker for the molecular identification of the scavenger insects. The results showed that there were more insects on the camels and goats than the dogs. In total, seven species were found on all carrions. Six species were found on the camels and goats, but only five were found on the dog. Musca domestica was the most collected species of flies whereas, Necrobia rufipes was the most collected species of bee...

Biosurfactant electrospun nanofibers exhibit minimal side effects on the structure and function of the liver tissue in male rat model

Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 2020

Thymoquinone ameliorates Pachycondyla sennaarensis venom-induced acute toxic shock in male rats

BMC Pharmacology and Toxicology, 2019

Background For many decades, the sting of Samsun ant (Pachycondyla sennaarensis) has been a serio... more Background For many decades, the sting of Samsun ant (Pachycondyla sennaarensis) has been a serious clinical challenge for the people living in some of the major Middle East and Asian countries. In the present study, the therapeutic potential of Nigella sativa derived plant extract component, thymoquinone (TQ) has been tested against the Samsun ant venom (SAV) at the toxic dose in the rats. Methods The adult male rats were divided into four groups (n = 10): control, SAV treated, SAV + TQ treated and TQ alone treated. It was found that the sub-lethal dose of SAV alters not only many of the kidney and liver function markers but also induces oxidative stress in the animals. Moreover, the SAV also disturbs various immunological parameters including expression of PMNs, CD-80, CD-86, interleukins and other cytokines compromising the affected organism towards mild to severe allergic reactions including life-risking anaphylaxis. Results The plant extract, TQ, effectively restores many of th...

Molecular Identification of the Carrion Beetles (Coleoptera) in Selected Regions of Saudi Arabia

Journal of Medical Entomology, 2018

Abstract Geographical regions have a major effect on the arrival times of different insect specie... more Abstract Geographical regions have a major effect on the arrival times of different insect species on carrion. This means that data generated in one region should not be used to determine time of death in a different region. In the present study, we demonstrate the effect of geographical location on the diversity of carrion beetles in Saudi Arabia, whereas the mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (mtCOI) barcodes were used as a marker for molecular identification of the carrion beetles at a dry stage on sheep carrion. We analyzed 819 adult beetles belonging to nine species originating from Riyadh (609 beetles), Jazan (157 beetles), and Arar (53 beetles). In Riyadh, results showed the presence of six species belonging to three different families. On the other hand, in Jazan five species belonging to four families were collected. From Arar, five species belonging to three families were collected. By comparing between individuals of the same species from different regions, individuals of Necrobia rufipes DeGeer (Coleoptera: Cleridae) showed the highest intraspecific variations 0–20%, while individuals of Saprinus splendens Paykull and Saprinus semistriatus Scriba (Coleoptera: Histeridae) showed the lowest intraspecific variations 0–1%. Interspecific variability was also measured between collected and identified species, with differences revealed to be in the range of 3.8–29.8%.The results are important from an ecological point of view and for Medico-Legal Forensic Entomology.

Genetic diversity of termites from Ta'if City, Saudi Arabia

Journal of Environmental Biology, 2019

First Report of Necrophagous Insects on Human Corpses in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia

Journal of Medical Entomology, 2016

معجم مصطلحات علم الحشرات الجنائي(إنجليزي-عربي)

يقدم هذا المعجم تغطية شاملة وأساسية لمصطلحات علم الحشرات الجنائي الذي يختص بالوقائع الجنائية المر... more يقدم هذا المعجم تغطية شاملة وأساسية لمصطلحات علم الحشرات الجنائي الذي يختص بالوقائع الجنائية المرتبطة بالحشرات التي ينظر إليها رجال القانون، مراعيًا تطبيق الخبرة الطبية والتحليل العلمي السليم، معتمدًا على الدلائل والوسائل الموجودة في علم الحشرات. وقد اختيرت المصطلحات الأكثر استعمالاً في الكتابات العامة والأوساط العِلمية والعَملية المتخصصة والسائدة في كثير من مساقات علوم الحشرات وعلوم الحياة والعلوم الطبية وغيرها من التخصصات، ووَفقًا لمتطلبات برامج التعليم في معظم كليات الزراعة والعلوم الطبيعية والطب البشري والبيطري في الدول العربية. ويستفيد من هذا المعجم مجموعة واسعة من القراء بمختلف متطلباتهم المعرفية؛ فبالإضافة إلى الباحثين والعاملين في مختلف المؤسسات الأكاديمية والبحثية والصناعية، فإن المعجم سيساعد طلاب الكليات ومراكز الأبحاث والأدلة الجنائية، التي لا تزال مقرراتها أو مراجعها باللغة الإنجليزية، في الحصول على المقابل العربي لآلاف المصطلحات التي يمر بها الطالب في أثناء دراسته والباحث خلال بحثه؛ وذلك لأن فهم أي علم في العالم العربي أو استيعابه لم ولن يتحقق تحقُّقًا كاملاً إلا عن طري...

A Light and Electron Microscopic Study of the Mushroom Bodies in the Cricket Gryllus bimaculatus

Die Paarweisen säulensartigen Pilzkörper (MBs) des Insektgehirns stellen ein dominierendes neurop... more Die Paarweisen säulensartigen Pilzkörper (MBs) des Insektgehirns stellen ein dominierendes neuropiles für multimodal sensorische Integration, die am wichtigsten für die Organisation des olfactorischen Verhaltens und für Gedächtnis und das Lernen. Die MBs enthalten immer eine Kategorie lokale Interneurones, die Kenyon Zellen (KCs). In den erwachsenen Grillengehirnen - im Gegensatz zu anderer Insektsorte- nur wird eine Gruppe von KCs ununterbrochen eben von fortbestehenden neuroblasts während des Erwachsenlebens gebildet. Diese wachsen und unterschiedene Neuronen müssen in ein strukturell eingerichtetes, synaptisches Funktionellnetz integriert werden, das für das Organisieren des olfaktorischen Verhaltens unentbehrlich ist.In Gryllus bimaculatus studieren wir die wachsende KCs in den MB- neuropiles in Verhältnis zu unterschiedenen MB Neuronen mit Immunlicht und Konventionelle Elektronenmikroskopie. Ein Konischer Block von ungefähr 100 wachsendes KCs, der von mitotischen Neuroblasten i...

Forensic entomology research in Egypt: a review article

Egyptian Journal of Forensic Sciences, 2022

Background Forensic entomology (FE) is widely considered as an important field of forensic scienc... more Background Forensic entomology (FE) is widely considered as an important field of forensic science, particularly in the field of estimating postmortem intervals, which has advanced considerably across the world. Main body Researchers used necrophagous insects in twelve Egyptian governorates to look into the variables that impact insect succession and the growth of juvenile stages from infesting animal models and humans, draw toxicological conclusions, and identify insect species using morphological and molecular-based approaches. The study includes analyses of insect abundance and dispersion, along with biochemical and electrophysiological experiments. Comparable data from other Egyptian governorates, on the other side, is currently unavailable. Aspects of FE are also missing, which might be addressed in a future research project. Conclusion This review aims to provide an outline of FE in Egypt, other than to assist existing researchers in identifying research needs and recruiting n...

First record of Chrysomya saffranea (Diptera: Calliphoridae) of forensic importance in India

Tropical biomedicine, 2016

Many of the blow flies (Calliphoridae) are of economic importance because of their effects on pub... more Many of the blow flies (Calliphoridae) are of economic importance because of their effects on public health and the economy by causing myiasis in human beings and animals. Blow flies are also, however, forensic bioindicators since they can be used to determine the Post-Mortem Interval (PMI). Chrysomya saffranea (Bigot 1877), a dipteran calliphoridae of forensic and economic importance is currently endemic and recorded only in Australia and New Guinea. Here, the occurrence of C. saffranea is reported for the first time from Aurangabad City, Maharashtra State in India. Fully grown third instar larvae of C. saffranea were collected from decaying cats. The larvae were reared under laboratory conditions and adult flies freshly emerged from pupae were collected and identified by their morphological features.

Trail communication in two Paratrechina species Paratrechina longicornis (Latreille) and Paratrechina vividula (Nylander, 1846) (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)

The hind gut of the worker of the two Paratrechina species is the source of the trail pheromone. ... more The hind gut of the worker of the two Paratrechina species is the source of the trail pheromone. In P. vividula, the poison gland secretion has an inhibitory effect but in P. longicornis it hasn’t. In P. lon gicornis and P. vividula, the optimum dose of the trail- following was found to be 1 gaster equivalent / 30 cm trail. The optimum dose lasting time could last for 105 minutes in both the two species.