English

Stories and poetry have long been considered a resource for the language and literacy development of bilingual children, particularly if they can work with texts in both mother tongue and English. This paper demonstrates that bilingual learning is also beneficial for second and third-generation children whose English is often stronger than their mother tongue. Presenting data from an action research project in East London primary schools, we show how children investigated metaphor and cultural content in a Bengali lullaby, clarifying concepts through dialogue with their parents. Comparison with a lullaby in English from North America generated additional ideas concerning different cultural values. The learning process enabled children to use their bilingual skills and draw on different aspects of their bicultural identities. Finally, we explain how bilingual poetry can be used to stimulate learning in a multilingual classroom context, through the example of a whole-class lesson base...

Victorian Time: Technologies, Standardizations, Catastrophes is a collection of essays that reflect on how the literature of the Victorian era engaged with new ways of thinking about time. These essays examine how Victorian fiction registers the psychological adjustment involved in keeping pace with industrial time as time-saving technologies aimed at making economic life more efficient, signalling the dawn of a new age of accelerated time. Examining canonical realist novels, popular literature and science fiction, these essays reveal an often ambivalent and complex response to the onset of 'industrial time' and the birth of a modern time-consciousness. Documenting the era's literary responses to the impact and rate of industrial progress and the potentialities of technology these essays trace the Victorians' radical shift in time perception from industrial novels at the onset of industrialization through to fin de siècle narratives of dystopia and apocalypse.


'Victorian Time provides a compelling, informative, and thorough study of Victorian literature in an age of rapid temporal change, and it is attentive to temporality across a range of topics that include media, science, technology, and colonialism. Ambitious in scope and precise in detail, this collection is a valuable contribution to scholarship on Victorian time in all of its multiplicity and complication.' - Barbara Barrow, Victorian Periodicals Review

Although relatively neglected by the periodical press, Hawley Smart’s The Great Tontine (1881) was reviewed in an unlikely forum, Chance and Luck (1887), in which Richard A. Proctor sought to demonstrate the immorality of gambling. This essay not only examines Hawley Smart’s fiction in the context of contemporary debates about gambling but also in relation to speculation in the literary marketplace at a time when Samuel Smiles suggested that a writer of popular literature could attain success essentially through making his own luck. This essay argues that literary publishing, like the tontine, is a form of gambling and that underpinning the narrative of The Great Tontine is a self-reflexive preoccupation on writing strategically for the literary marketplace of the mid-nineteenth century.

Toward the end of the nineteenth century, Thomas Hardy’s reading included articles and reviews published in Mind: a Quarterly Review of Philosophy, a publication that provided a forum for debate on contemporary issues in philosophy and psychology. In the wake of the publication of Darwin’s On the Origin of Species, these disciplines explored questions related to the role played by evolution in our existence and the nature of human emotions. This paper argues that in ‘On the Western Circuit,’ Hardy examines desire in the context of debates over free will and determinism, positing that desire places humankind in a conundrum that involves both loss of an individual’s volition and also an increased need to exert free will to secure the object of desire. This paper will also contend that in ‘On the Western Circuit’, Hardy uses regulatory systems, such as the law, to explore the possibility of containing and managing desire, also considering the act of writing itself as a potential tool through which desire can be analysed and controlled.

Literature and Modern Time is a collection of essays that explore literature in the context of a wave of challenges to linear conceptions of time introduced by thinkers such as Bergson, Einstein, McTaggart, Freud and Nietzsche. These challenges were not uniform in character. The volume will demonstrate that literature of the era under scrutiny was not simply reacting to new theories of time—in some cases it is actually inspiring and anticipating them. Thus Literature and Modern Time offers a genuine dialogue between literature and time theory and in doing so will uncover and examine influences and connections— sometimes unexpected—between philosophers and writers of the era. It will examine literary attempts to transcend and escape time and also challenge rupture-based accounts of modernist time by demonstrating that literary texts commonly associated with brokenness, decline or stasis, also, at the same time, maintain faith in healing, renewal and mobility.

Kenner, Charmian, Gregory, Eve E., Ruby, Mahera and Al-Azami, Salman ... Developing bilingual learning strategies in mainstream and ... Copyright ESRC. Please cite the publisher's version. ... You may cite this version as: Kenner, Charmian, Gregory, Eve E., Ruby, ...

Saratchandra Chatterjee’s Devdas is one of the most famous novels in Bangla literature, which has become the symbol of a tragic love story in the whole of South Asia. There have been many film versions of the story in various languages. Saratchandra’s storytelling, characterization, and dialogues in the original text made it a popular story for film adaptations. This paper uses theories of narratives in fictions and films in order to compare between the narrative styles of the original Bangla text and its two famous Hindi film adaptations by Bimol Roy (1955), and Sanjay Leela Bhansali (2002). It also analyses how Sarat’s characterization was influenced by Victorian novels, and compares the dialogues of the original text with those in its two Hindi film adaptations.