Ssekabaka Mutesa II

Mutesa II

Sir Edward Frederick William David Walugembe Mutebi Luwangula Mutesa II (Ennukutawaza empya: Muteesa) KBE (19 Museenene 1924 – 21 Museenene 1969) yali Kabaka wa Buganda mu Uganda okuva nga 22 Museenene (November) wa 1939 okutuusa lwe yaggya omukono mu ngabo (lwe yafa). Ye yali Kabaka wa Buganda owa 35 eya ye Pulezidenti wa Uganda eyasooka. Amawulire g'ebweru gaali gaamukazaako era King Freddie, naye nga teryakozesebwa nnyo mu Yuganda.

Obuto bwe

Mutesa yaziiribwa mu nnyumba ya Albert Ruskin Cook e Makindye, Kampala, nga 19 Museenene (November) 1924, nga ye mutabani wa Ssekabaka Daudi Cwa II, who eyafuga wakati wa 1897 ne 1939. Nnyina ye ali Nnaabakyala Irene Drusilla Namaganda, eyeddira Ente. Yasomera ku King's College Budo, essomero ery'abaana b'abakungu mu Uganda.

Kitaawe bwe yakisiza omukono (yafa) nga 22 (Museenene) November 1939, Mutesa yalondebwa Olukiiko lwa Buganda okufuuka Kabaka nga wa myaka 15 era n'atuuzibwa ku Nnamulondo nga 25 November 1939 mu Lubiri e Mengo . Yafuga ng'ayambibwako olukiiko olw'enjawulo (Council of Regents) okutuusa lwe yaweza emyaka egy'okwetengerera olwo n'akwasibwa obuyinza bwonna mu bujjuvu. 

Okusoma kwe

Yasomera mu King's College Budo nga tannagenda Bungereza okumaliriza emisomo gye e Magdalene College, Cambridge, gye yeeyungira mu kutendekebwa mu buserikale ku Yunivasite (University Officer Training Corps) era oluvannyuma yaweebwa ekitiibwa ky'obwa kapiteeni mu maagye ga Kkwini (captain in the Grenadier Guards.

Obufuzi bwe

Mutesa II yatuuzibwa nga Kabaka e Buddo nga 19 Museenene (November) 1942, ng'awezezza emyaka 18 eg'obuto. Mu kiseera kino, Buganda yali ekyali wansi wa Gavumenti enkuumi ey'Abangereza.

Emyaka egyaddirira wakati wa 1945 ne 1950 gyajjula obusambattuko n'obwegugungo eri Gavumenti ya Uganda Enkuumi eyali ekulemberwa Gavana ate n'eya Kabaka Mutesa II.

Mu myaka gy'ataano egyasooka, Gavumenti ya Bungereza yaleeta ekirowoozo ky'okugatta amatwale agaali wansi wa Bungereza mu Buvanjuba bwa Afirika (Yuganda, Kenya ne Tanganyika) gabeere wansi wa gavumenti emu ey'awamu. Abafirika bangi baatya nti kino kyali kigendereddwamu okubateeka wansi w'obufuzi bwa Bakyeruppe abaali basenze mu Kenya nga bwe kyakolebwa mu Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland. Abaganda baatya okufiirwa obwakyetwala bwe Buganda obusaamusaamu waakiri bwe baalina nga bali wansi wa Gavumenti Enkuumi era tebakkaanya na nteekateeka eno. Mutesa mwennyini yawakanya enteekateeka eno era kyamuviirako okukuubagana ne Gavana, Sir Andrew Cohen, ekyavaako akasambattuko mu Bwakabaka akaatuumibwa Kabaka crisis.Mu 1953, Olukiiko (Palamenti ya Buganda) yasaba okwetongola ng'eva ku Gavumenti enkuumi (Uganda Protectorate), nga ne Mutesa mwennyini yabanja nti kye kyali ekiseera Buganda okwekutula ku Gavumenti enkuumi eya Uganda olwo Buganda esigale wansi wa Gavumenti ya Kkwini ey'awamu. Gavana Cohen mu kwanukula yasalawo kuwaŋŋangusa Kabaka nga 30 Museenene (November) ekyavaako obusambattuko bw'okwegugunga mu Baganda. Okuggyibwa mu ggwanga lye olw'empaka kyafuula Mutesa omuzira eri Abaganda era beekalakaasa okulaga obutali bumativu bwabwe. Mu kiseera kino, Cohen yali takyalina Muganda yenna gwe yali ayinza kukolagana naye okuddukanya Gavumenti ye. Oluvannyuma lw'emyaka ebiri ngAbaganda basuza Cohen ng'akukunadde, yasalawo okuzza 'Kabaka Freddie', nga bwe yali ayitibwa Abangereza n'azzibwa e Kampala] nga 17 Ogwekkumi (October) 1955 oluvannyuma lw'okukola endagaano eyafuula Muteesa Kabaka afugira ku konsitityusoni ne kiwa n'Abaganda ebbeetu okwerondera abakungu abakiika mu Palamenti ya Buganda (Olukiiko.) Oluvannyuma lwa Mutesa okuvaayo n'atabukira Cohen kyamwongera ettutumu mu Bwakabaka bwe.

Mu 1962, Yuganda yafuna obwetwaze okuva ku Bungereza ng'ekulemberwa Milton Obote. Mu konsitityusoni eno eyaweebwa Uganda, Obwakabaka bwa Buganda bwaweebwa embeera ey'enjawulo ey'obwetwaze mu Uganda empya. Ssaabaminisita wa Uganda ey'awamu yali Obote, eyali akulira ekibiina ky'ebyobufuzi ekya Uganda People's Congress (UPC), abaayingira omukago ogw'okukulemberera awamu n'ekibiina ekyali kisinga amaanyi mu masekkati ga Uganda ekya, Kabaka Yekka. Ekifo kya Gavana wa Uganda (Governor-General of Uganda) kyaggyibwawo kubangga Uganda yali efuuse 'Republic' ne kisikizibwa Pulezidenti ataalina nnyo buyinza.

Obote ne UPC baatuuka ku nzikiriziganya ne Mutesa okuwagira okulondebwa kwe ku kifo ky'Obwapulezidenti bwa Uganda. Mu lutuula lwa Palamenti nga 4 Ogwekkumi (October) 1963, Mutesa yalondebwa nga Pulezidenti wa Uganda eyasooka okuyita mu kalulu ak'ekyama ng'awagirwa abakiise ebitundu bibiri byakusatu.

Mu 1964, Omukago guno wakati wa Mutesa ne Obote gwagwa butaka olw'okulonda okwateekebwateekebwa Obote nga Mutesa takyagadde ku Masaza abiri agaabula (referendum to decide the fate of two "lost counties"). Abatuuze mu masaza gano gombi abasinga obungi bassa kimu nga nkuyege okugazzaayo e Bunyoro nga gaggyibwa ku Buganda. Mu 1966, obukuubagano bwa Mutesa ne Obote bweyongera ne buvaamu Okuwaŋŋangusa Kabaka Mutesa (another crisis). Obulamu bwa Obote bwali mu matigga nga ne bammemba b'ekibiina kye baagezaako okumuggya mu ntebe. Yakwata era n'aggalira banne bana be yali akulembera nabo, n'aggyawo consitityusoni eyaliwo era ne yeerangirira ku Bwapulezidenti bwa Uganda mu February wa 1966, era n'awaŋŋangusa Mutesa. Olukiiko lwa Buganda mu May wa 1966 lwayisa ekiteeso nti enkolagana wakati wa Buganda ne Gavumenti ya Uganda yali eweddewo oluvannyuma lw'okuggyawo consitityusoni era ne lulangirira nti Gavumenti ya Uganda eggye ofiisi yaazo mu bitundu bya Buganda. Kino Obote yakyanukuza na kusindika magye ne galumba olubiri lwa Kabaka, ekyaleetera Mutesa okudduka mu ggwanga n'addukira e Bungereza ng'ayita e Burundi, era mu 1967 konsitityusoni empya yalangirirwa n'ewera Obufuzi obw'ensikirano bwonna omuli n'Obwakabaka bwa Buganda.

Ekiseera kye ekyasembayo

Mutesa bwe yali mu buwaŋŋanguse yawandiika ekitabo ekimukwatako kye yatuuma, The Desecration of My Kingdom.

Mutesa yakisa omukono bwe yaweebwa obutwa mu mwenge ku kalina kwe yabeeranga mu kibuga London, No. 28 Orchard House eRotherhithe, mu 1969. . Okufa kwa muteesa abamu baakuteeka ku batume ba Obote bwe baali akabwa n'engo. Munnamawulire Omungereza John Simpson yali yaakamala okuwayaamu ne Mutesa mu ssaawa ntono emabega era yagamba nti Mutesa yali mu mbeera nnungi. Bino Simpson yabibuulira poliisi enkeera kyokka tebaagenda nnyo mu maaso nakyo. 

Oluvannyuma lwa Desmond Henley, okutereka enjole ya Mutesa okumala ebbanga , enjole yazzibwa mu Uganda mu 1971 oluvannyuma lwa Amin okuggyako Gavumenti ya Obote n'eterekebwa (n'eziikibwa) e Kasubi Nabulagala. . Idi Amin, pulezidenti omuggya eyalagira okuzza Mutesa aziikibwe okwaboobo ye yali yakulira amagye agaalumba olubiri lwa Mutesa mu 1966. Kigambibwa nti Mutesa we yabeerera mu kibuga London yawangaaliranga mu bwavu.

Ebimu ku bigambo bye

"Embeera y'obulamu bwaffe ekyuse - etumbuddwa mu bulamu obwa bulijjo olw'okujja kw'Abangereza kyokka bye tukkiririzaamu n'obulamu bwaffe tebikyuse … Era tusigadde tuli Baganda."

Ebimu ku bimwogerwako

"Obulamu bwa Mutesa II lugero lwa buntu - Omu ku bavubuka embulakalevu era Kabaka Omufirika one of a young and ambitious African monarch who struggled to defend the heritage of his forefathers and emancipate his people from the clutches of a powerful imperial authority."

• Apollo N. Makubuya, Reflections on the Triple Heritage of an African King, Knight and President (2019)

"... many will say that he was ill-advised to put the Illusions of a bygone tribal glory against the claims of a modern African state; but no one can question the devotion with which he spent himself for his people and their well-being."

• Rev. John Taylor, speaking at Mutesa II's funeral service in 1969.

Obufumbo bwe

Mutesa yakuba enkanamu (yawasa) Nnaabagereka Damali mu 1948. Kigambibwa nti yamuzaalamu abaana abawera n'azaala ne mu bakyala abalala abali eyo mu 12: 

1. Nnaabakyala Damali Catherine Nnakawombe, ye yali Nnabagereka, muwala wa Christopher Kisosonkole ow'ekika ky'Enkima. Embaga yaabwe yaliwo nga19 Ogwekkuminoogumu, 1948 ku Lutikko eya St. Paul's Cathedral Namirembe.
2. Omukyala Edith Kasozi
3. Omubiitokati (Princess) Beatrice Kabasweka, Omutoro okuva mu Bukama bw'e Toro.
4. Omukyala Kate Ndagire. Baafumbiriganwa mu 1950.
5. Nnaabakyala Sarah Nalule, Omuzaana Kabejja, muganda wa Nnabagereka, era muwala wa Christopher Kisosonkole ow'ekika ky'Enkima. Yamuwasa mu 1954.
6. Omukyala Nalwooga. Yafa mu 2003.
7. Omukyala Nesta M. Rugumayo, Omutoro, okuva mu Bukama bw'e Toro.
8. Omukyala Kaakako Rwanchwende, Omumbejja w'e Ankole.
9. Omukyala Winifred Keihangwe, Munyankole. Yasibwa Milton Obote ng'ali lubuto n'ateebwa nga wabulayo akaseera katono azaale mu 1966.
10. Omukyala Zibiah Wangari Ngatho, Omukikuyu, okuva e Nairobi, Kenya.
11. Omukyala Catherine Karungu, Omumbejja w'eAnkole.
12. Omukyala Naome Nanyonga, eyeddira Ensenene ng'asibuka Masaka mu Buddu. Nanyonga yali muzaalisa era ye mutandisi w'eddwaliro lya Sunga Maternity Hospital. Yafa mu 2006.
13. Margaret Nakato ow'e Nkumba, mu ssaza ly'e Busiro.

Weetegereze

Mutesa agambibwa okuleka abalangira 12 n'abambejja 9:

1. Omulangira Kiweewa Luswata. Ye mwana omulenzi asooka owa Ssekabaka Muteesa II. Yazaalibwa Wakiso. Yabeeranga era yasomera Bufalansa. Yaseerera (yafa) ng'emyaka gya 1990 gitandika n'aziikibwa mu Masiro g'e Kasubi, Nabulagala.
2. Omulangira Robert Masamba Kimera, eyazaalibwa Nesta M. Rugumayo. Yazaalibwa mu kibuga Kampala mu 1950. Yasomera mu St. Mary's College Kisubi ne mu King's College Budo oluvannyuma n'asomera e Canada. Yali munnabutonde (geologist) era yakolanga n'ekitongole kya Swaziland Department of Geology wakati wa 1980 ne 1983. Yali 'lecturer' ku ttendekero lya Nakawa Vocational School okuva mu 1991 okutuuka mu 1992. Mu 1993, yagenda e Canada n'atandika okubeera eyo.
3. Kabaka Ronald Muwenda Mutebi II, eyazaalibwa Nnaabakyala Sarah Nalule.
4. Omulangira Ssuuna Frederick Wampamba, eyazaalibwa Edith Kasozi. Yali munnamagye wa Uganda ku ddaala lya 2nd lieutenant. Yattibwa ku biragiro bya Idi Amin mu nkambi y'amagye e Bombo mu 1972. Yaziikibwa mu Masiro ga bajjajjaabe e Kasubi - Nabulagala.
5. Omulangira Henry Kalemeera, nga nnyina ye yali Nnaabagereka Damali Nnakawombe. Yasomera ku King's College Budo ne mu Addis Ababa University -Ethiopia. Akola n'okukanika ennyonyi (aeronautical engineer). Abeera mu United States of America. Yakolera/ akola nga flight engineer n'ekitongole ky'ennyonyi ekya American Airlines.
6. Omulangira George Michael Ndawula, nga nnyina ye yali Muzaana Nalwoga.
7. Omulangira Richard Walugembe Bamweyana, nga nnyina ye yali Sarah Nalule. Yazaalibwa mu 1956, yasomera mu Achimota School e Ghana, n'akola mu kisaawe ky'ebyemisono n'okulanga. Yafa mu gy'e 2000. Naye yaziikibwa Kasubi mu Masiro ga bajjajjaabe.
8. Omulangira Katabaazi Mukarukidi, nga nnyina ye yali Damali Nnakawombe. Yali muvuzi wa nnyinyi e Nigeria.
9. Omulangira Patrick Nakibinge, nga nnyina ye yali Sarah Nalule. Yafa mu gy'e 2000 n'aziikibwa e Kasubi - Nabulagala mu masiro ga bajjajjaabe.
10. Omulangira Daudi Golooba. Yasomera mu King's College Budo ne mu Makerere University. Mubazi wa bitabo. Ye mutandisi era ssentebe wa Buganda Heritage Association eri mu United Kingdom (UK) ne mu Ireland (kyatandikibwa mu 1998). Abeera mu UK.
11. Omulangira Herbert Kateregga, eyazaalibwa Kaakako Rwanchwende. Abeera mu UK.
12. Omulangira Daudi Kintu Wasajja, nga nnyina ye Winifred Keihangwe. Yazaalibwa mu Kampala mu Gwokutaano 1966, nga kitaawe amaze okuwang'angusibwa n'afuluma Uganda. Yasomera mu University of Nottingham e UK, n'akoonolayo Diguli eya Bachelor of Arts. Yakolako nga executive underwriter wa Pan World Insurance Company era nga regional retail manager wa kkampuni y'amasimu eya Celtel (Uganda) Limited (eyeeyubula n'efuukaAirtel Uganda Limited). Mmemba ku lukiiko olukulembera ekitongole kya Kabaka eky'ebettaka ekya Buganda Land Board, Kabira Country Club, Hash Harriers Athletic Club, n'ebiralala bingi. Abeera mu Kampala.
13. Omumbejja Dorothy Kabonesa Namukaabya Nassolo, nga nnyina yali Damali Nakawombe. Yazaalibwa mu Lubiri lw'e Mengo mu 1951. Yasomera era n'atikkirwa Diguli mu University of Nairobi. Abeera mu Kampala.
14. Omumbejja Dina Kigga Mukarukidi, nga nnyina ye Beatrice Kabasweka. Akolera ku kitebe ekikulu eky'ekibiina ekitaba amawanga ga Afirika ekya African Union mu kibuga Addis Ababa ekya Ethiopia.
15. Omumbejja Anne Sarah Kagere Nandawula, nga nnyina ye Kate Ndagire. Yazaalibwa e Mengo mu 1951.
16. Omumbejja Catherine Agnes Nabaloga, eyazaalibwa Kate Ndagire. Ye yatikkirwa Obwalubuga ku Matikkira ga mwannyina - Kabaka Ronald Muwenda Mutebi II, Kabaka wa Buganda owa 36, akulembedde Obuganda okuva mu 1993. Omumbejja Nabaloga ye muyima wa Buganda Heritage Association e Denmark, nga kyatandikibwawo mu 1998. Alina Diguli eyookusatu mu nnimi eya Doctor of Philosophy degree in linguistics.
17. Omumbejja Alice Mpologoma Zaalwango, nga nnyina ye Edith Kasozi. Yazaalibwa mu 1961. Yasomera mu Gayaza Junior School, Kibuli High School, ne ku Makerere University. Yafiira mu kibuga Pretoria, eky'e South Africa. Yafa bulwadde bwa kookolo w'amabeere nga 23 Ogwokusayu, 2005. Yaziikibwa mu masiro e Kasubi.
18. Omumbejja Stella Alexandria Sserwamutanda Ndagire. Yazaalibwa mu kibuga Nairobi, Kenya. Nnyina ye yali Zibiah Wangari Ngatho, Omukikuyi. Yakulira mu Kampala n'e Nairobi. Abeera Atlanta, Georgia, U.S. 
19. Omumbejja Jane Mpologoma Nabanakulya. Yazaalibwa ku kyalo Sunga mu ssaza ly'e Buyaga, Bunyoro-Kitara Kingdom, nga 12 Ogwokuna, 1964. Omuzaana Naome Nanyonga ye yali nnyina. Mu 2003, yagenda n'atandika okubeera mu kibuga London ekya Bungereza gy'abeera okutuusa kati ne bba David Segawa Mukasa.
20. Omumbejja Gertrude Christine Naabanaakulya Tebattagwabwe. Yazaalibwa mu ddwaliro lya Mengo Hospital nga 20 Ogwomunaana, 1964. Nnyina ye Margaret Nakato ow'e Nkumba, mu ssaza ly'e Busiro. Yakulira mu Uganda okutuuka ku myaka 9, lwe yatwalibwa e London mu Bungereza. Yasoma n'afuuka omubazi w'ebitabo. Yakomawo mu Uganda mu Gwokutaano, 2013.
21. Diana Balizzamuggale Teyeggala. Ye mwana wa Mutesa asembayo obuto. Yazaalibwa mu Kampala mu Gwekkumi 1966, nga kitaawe awang'angusiddwa. Nnyina ye Catherine Karungu, Omumbejja w'e Ankole. Teyeggala teyalaba ku kitaawe. Abeera mu Kampala.

Laba na bino

• Ebyafaayo bya Uganda
• Olukalala lw'abantu abaafa mu ngeri eyaleka ebibuuzo
• Ebibiina by'ebyobufuzi mu Uganda
• Ebyobufuzi bya Uganda

Ebiwandiiko ebijuliziddwa

 

• Kasozi, A. B. K. (2013). The Bitter Bread of Exile. The Financial Problems of Sir Edward Mutesa II during his final exile, 1966-1969: The Financial Problems of Sir Edward Mutesa II during his final exile, 1966-1969. Progressive Publishing House.
• Makubuya, Apollo. (2019). Sir Edward Frederick L. Mutesa II: Reflections on the Triple Heritage Of An African King, Knight and President. New Vision Printing and Publishing.
• Mutesa, Sir Edward Frederick. (1967). Desecration of my Kingdom. Constable.

Ebijulizo ebirala

• Olukalala lwa Bakabaka ba Buaganda