<p>Granite is the most important building stone in the north of Por... more <p>Granite is the most important building stone in the north of Portugal. The importance of the stones in this region is evidenced by the pre-Roman roots Mor (r), Mur (r) and Mour of place names such as Montemuro, Moreiras, Mouçós, and Mourelhe. These roots indicate the existence of building stones used since ancient times in these places.</p><p>The quarries of the main building stones of historical buildings were generally in the vicinity of the buildings. Formerly, stonemasons carved mason's marks on ashlars. The mason's marks are lapidary signs to indicate the work carried out by each one. The mason's marks are generally symbolised by the initial of the stonemason's name. They are often found on dressed stones in buildings and in other public structures.</p><p>Nossa Senhora de Guadalupe church of Mouçós (possibly 16<sup>th</sup> century) has typical characteristics from the late Romanesque. It is located in Vila Real (North of Portugal). It is made up of three volumes: a single nave, a lower rectangular apse, and a sacristy attached to the apse. The exterior of this church is preserved almost unaltered in its original state. Each of the granite ashlars that make up this church has a mason's mark in the center of its face.</p><p>The mason's marks of the church have been identified; all the ashlars with visible mason's marks have been mapped, and a glyptographic study has been carried out. This has made it possible to calculate the number of stonemasons that worked in the construction of the church and the number of ashlars that were transported in each carriage, and to determine the construction phases of the church.</p><p>Eight cubic samples have been cut to calculate the granite’s hydric properties (effective porosity, water absorption and bulk density) according to UNE-EN:1936. Ultrasound wave velocity was measured according to UNE-EN:14579. Furthermore, three thin sections have been made to characterise the granite petrographically under a polarisation microscope Leica DM-4500-P. A mosaic of photomicrographs has been made to evaluate the petrographic properties.</p><p>There are six main types of mason's marks in Nossa Senhora de Guadalupe Church. All quarrymen extracted the stones from the same quarry, or from nearby quarries. The mean effective porosity of the building granite is 3.2%±0.3, and the mean water absorption is 1.2%±0.1. Its mean bulk density is 2566 kg/m<sup>3</sup>±61.0 and its ultrasound P wave velocity is 2920 m/s±98.3.</p><p>The mason's marks are preserved because of the excellent petrographic and petrophysical properties of Mouçós granite. Further, Nossa Senhora de Guadalupe church was protected with lime plaster during the past centuries, and the plaster was not removed with the projection of abrasive particles.</p><p>The use of analytical techniques such as petrography, ultrasonic P wave velocity and the determination of hydric properties will guarantee the quality and durability of a sustainable restoration.</p><p>The historical quarries, forms of traditional stone extraction and uses of Mouçós granite constitute a heritage that must be safeguarded.</p><p>Acknowledgements: The Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) of Portugal. CEECIND/03568/2017.</p>
This study reports the effect of extraction temperature (30–80 °C), extraction time (2–4 h) and w... more This study reports the effect of extraction temperature (30–80 °C), extraction time (2–4 h) and water:seed ratio (10:1–30:1) on the yield, apparent viscosity, emulsion stability and hue angle of chia seed mucilage, using response surface methodology, and its application in food (ice cream). Experiments were designed according to Central Composite Rotational Design with three factors, including central and axial points. Applying a desirability function method, the optimum parameters were: extraction temperature 80 °C, extraction time 4 h, water:seed ratio 30:1. At this optimum point, extraction yield, apparent viscosity, emulsion stability and hue angle were 4.95 g/100 g, 80.11 mPa s, 67.85% and 80.56°, respectively. An ice cream was prepared with chia seed mucilage extracted under the optimum conditions as a total replacement emulsifier and stabilizer. The results of the texture, overrun and melting tests showed that chia mucilage can replace emulsifiers and stabilizers in the formulation of ice cream, maintained the quality of the product. However, the dark color of the mucilage affected the sensory properties of the ice cream. Overall, this work shows the possibility of using mucilage from chia seed in ice cream formulations as stabilizer.
Objetivos: Comparar as medidas relativas de N-Acetil Aspartato (NAA) em pacientes com epilepsia d... more Objetivos: Comparar as medidas relativas de N-Acetil Aspartato (NAA) em pacientes com epilepsia do lobo temporal (ELT) entre aqueles com resposta adequada a primeira droga anti-epileptica (DAE) com aqueles que nao responderam a primeira DAE, requerendo outra monoterapia ou politerapia. Metodos: Nos estudamos 27 individuos no grupo-controle, 25 pacientes com ELT com resposta a primeira DAE (grupo-resposta) e 21 que nao responderam a primeira DAE (grupo-falencia) e que eram regularmente acompanhadas no nosso servico de epilepsia. Todos foram submetidos a estudo por imagem e espectroscopia pela RNM e a razao NAA/Creatina foi calculada. Resultados: A razao NAA/Creatina foi testada por analise de variância (ANOVA) entre os grupos, mostrando uma significativa reducao tanto no hipocampo ipsilateral quanto no contralateral relacionado ao EEG (p<0,001 e p=0,021 respectivamente). A analise post hoc nao mostrou diferenca significativa entre o grupo-resposta e o grupo-controle, mas com diferenca entre o grupo-falencia e os outros grupos. A analise individual mostrou uma reducao maior que dois desvios-padrao abaixo da media dos controles em nove dos 21 (42,8%) pacientes no grupo-falencia, mas em nenhum dos pacientes no grupo-resposta. Discussao: Nosso trabalho mostrou uma reducao significativa na razao NAA/Cre no grupo com falencia a primeira DAE, mas nao no grupo com que apresentou resposta a primeira DAE comparado aos individuos do grupo controle. Estes resultados indicam que pacientes com ELT com resposta a primeira DAE tem menos evidencia de dano ou disfuncao neuronal/axonal comparado a aqueles refratarios a primeira DAE. Abstr
Os linfangiomas mediastinais são tumores extremamente raros nos adultos, dessa forma o caso clíni... more Os linfangiomas mediastinais são tumores extremamente raros nos adultos, dessa forma o caso clínico abaixo relata e discute, tendo como base uma revisão de literatura, a história de um paciente de 58 anos que foi encaminhado ao ambulatório de cirurgia torácica de um hospital terciário devido à rouquidão progressiva iniciada há 4 anos associada à broncoespasmo. Após a realização de uma tomografia computadorizada de tórax foi observado a presença de massa mediastinal a qual foi abordada cirurgicamente.
In general, the adverse effect of a chemical compound present in water varies with the concentrat... more In general, the adverse effect of a chemical compound present in water varies with the concentration and time of exposure to the compound, the nature of the chemical species and age of the exposed organisms. Thus, nitrogen does not necessarily cause adverse effects on shrimp, but may, instead, promote sub-lethal effects by long-term exposure. Juvenile Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis (initial mean weight = 0.61 g ± 0.07) were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of ammonia (0.44 and 0.88 mg L-1), nitrite (5.30 and 10.60 mg L-1) and nitrate (45.60 and 91.20 mg L-1) corresponding to the safe levels for the species. After 40 days of exposure of juveniles to ammonia, nitrite and nitrate, all groups differed significantly (p<0.05) from the control group regarding the growth and survival. Based on the results, it was determined that the shrimp F. brasiliensis was susceptible to nitrogen compounds in concentrations equivalent to supposedly safe levels previously proposed for the specie. Thu...
&amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;gt;Granite is the most important building stone in the north of Por... more &amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;gt;Granite is the most important building stone in the north of Portugal. The importance of the stones in this region is evidenced by the pre-Roman roots Mor (r), Mur (r) and Mour of place names such as Montemuro, Moreiras, Mou&amp;amp;amp;#231;&amp;amp;amp;#243;s, and Mourelhe. These roots indicate the existence of building stones used since ancient times in these places.&amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;gt;The quarries of the main building stones of historical buildings were generally in the vicinity of the buildings. Formerly, stonemasons carved mason&amp;#39;s marks on ashlars. The mason&amp;#39;s marks are lapidary signs to indicate the work carried out by each one. The mason&amp;#39;s marks are generally symbolised by the initial of the stonemason&amp;#39;s name. They are often found on dressed stones in buildings and in other public structures.&amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;gt;Nossa Senhora de Guadalupe church of Mou&amp;amp;amp;#231;&amp;amp;amp;#243;s (possibly 16&amp;amp;lt;sup&amp;amp;gt;th&amp;amp;lt;/sup&amp;amp;gt; century) has typical characteristics from the late Romanesque. It is located in Vila Real (North of Portugal). It is made up of three volumes: a single nave, a lower rectangular apse, and a sacristy attached to the apse. The exterior of this church is preserved almost unaltered in its original state. Each of the granite ashlars that make up this church has a mason&amp;#39;s mark in the center of its face.&amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;gt;The mason&amp;#39;s marks of the church have been identified; all the ashlars with visible mason&amp;#39;s marks have been mapped, and a glyptographic study has been carried out. This has made it possible to calculate the number of stonemasons that worked in the construction of the church and the number of ashlars that were transported in each carriage, and to determine the construction phases of the church.&amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;gt;Eight cubic samples have been cut to calculate the granite&amp;amp;amp;#8217;s hydric properties (effective porosity, water absorption and bulk density) according to UNE-EN:1936. Ultrasound wave velocity was measured according to UNE-EN:14579. Furthermore, three thin sections have been made to characterise the granite petrographically under a polarisation microscope Leica DM-4500-P. A mosaic of photomicrographs has been made to evaluate the petrographic properties.&amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;gt;There are six main types of mason&amp;#39;s marks in Nossa Senhora de Guadalupe Church. All quarrymen extracted the stones from the same quarry, or from nearby quarries. The mean effective porosity of the building granite is 3.2%&amp;amp;amp;#177;0.3, and the mean water absorption is 1.2%&amp;amp;amp;#177;0.1. Its mean bulk density is 2566 kg/m&amp;amp;lt;sup&amp;amp;gt;3&amp;amp;lt;/sup&amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;amp;#177;61.0 and its ultrasound P wave velocity is 2920 m/s&amp;amp;amp;#177;98.3.&amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;gt;The mason&amp;#39;s marks are preserved because of the excellent petrographic and petrophysical properties of Mou&amp;amp;amp;#231;&amp;amp;amp;#243;s granite. Further, Nossa Senhora de Guadalupe church was protected with lime plaster during the past centuries, and the plaster was not removed with the projection of abrasive particles.&amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;gt;The use of analytical techniques such as petrography, ultrasonic P wave velocity and the determination of hydric properties will guarantee the quality and durability of a sustainable restoration.&amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;gt;The historical quarries, forms of traditional stone extraction and uses of Mou&amp;amp;amp;#231;&amp;amp;amp;#243;s granite constitute a heritage that must be safeguarded.&amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;gt;&amp;amp;lt;p&amp;amp;gt;Acknowledgements: The Funda&amp;amp;amp;#231;&amp;amp;amp;#227;o para a Ci&amp;amp;amp;#234;ncia e a Tecnologia (FCT) of Portugal. CEECIND/03568/2017.&amp;amp;lt;/p&amp;amp;gt;
This study reports the effect of extraction temperature (30–80 °C), extraction time (2–4 h) and w... more This study reports the effect of extraction temperature (30–80 °C), extraction time (2–4 h) and water:seed ratio (10:1–30:1) on the yield, apparent viscosity, emulsion stability and hue angle of chia seed mucilage, using response surface methodology, and its application in food (ice cream). Experiments were designed according to Central Composite Rotational Design with three factors, including central and axial points. Applying a desirability function method, the optimum parameters were: extraction temperature 80 °C, extraction time 4 h, water:seed ratio 30:1. At this optimum point, extraction yield, apparent viscosity, emulsion stability and hue angle were 4.95 g/100 g, 80.11 mPa s, 67.85% and 80.56°, respectively. An ice cream was prepared with chia seed mucilage extracted under the optimum conditions as a total replacement emulsifier and stabilizer. The results of the texture, overrun and melting tests showed that chia mucilage can replace emulsifiers and stabilizers in the formulation of ice cream, maintained the quality of the product. However, the dark color of the mucilage affected the sensory properties of the ice cream. Overall, this work shows the possibility of using mucilage from chia seed in ice cream formulations as stabilizer.
Objetivos: Comparar as medidas relativas de N-Acetil Aspartato (NAA) em pacientes com epilepsia d... more Objetivos: Comparar as medidas relativas de N-Acetil Aspartato (NAA) em pacientes com epilepsia do lobo temporal (ELT) entre aqueles com resposta adequada a primeira droga anti-epileptica (DAE) com aqueles que nao responderam a primeira DAE, requerendo outra monoterapia ou politerapia. Metodos: Nos estudamos 27 individuos no grupo-controle, 25 pacientes com ELT com resposta a primeira DAE (grupo-resposta) e 21 que nao responderam a primeira DAE (grupo-falencia) e que eram regularmente acompanhadas no nosso servico de epilepsia. Todos foram submetidos a estudo por imagem e espectroscopia pela RNM e a razao NAA/Creatina foi calculada. Resultados: A razao NAA/Creatina foi testada por analise de variância (ANOVA) entre os grupos, mostrando uma significativa reducao tanto no hipocampo ipsilateral quanto no contralateral relacionado ao EEG (p<0,001 e p=0,021 respectivamente). A analise post hoc nao mostrou diferenca significativa entre o grupo-resposta e o grupo-controle, mas com diferenca entre o grupo-falencia e os outros grupos. A analise individual mostrou uma reducao maior que dois desvios-padrao abaixo da media dos controles em nove dos 21 (42,8%) pacientes no grupo-falencia, mas em nenhum dos pacientes no grupo-resposta. Discussao: Nosso trabalho mostrou uma reducao significativa na razao NAA/Cre no grupo com falencia a primeira DAE, mas nao no grupo com que apresentou resposta a primeira DAE comparado aos individuos do grupo controle. Estes resultados indicam que pacientes com ELT com resposta a primeira DAE tem menos evidencia de dano ou disfuncao neuronal/axonal comparado a aqueles refratarios a primeira DAE. Abstr
Os linfangiomas mediastinais são tumores extremamente raros nos adultos, dessa forma o caso clíni... more Os linfangiomas mediastinais são tumores extremamente raros nos adultos, dessa forma o caso clínico abaixo relata e discute, tendo como base uma revisão de literatura, a história de um paciente de 58 anos que foi encaminhado ao ambulatório de cirurgia torácica de um hospital terciário devido à rouquidão progressiva iniciada há 4 anos associada à broncoespasmo. Após a realização de uma tomografia computadorizada de tórax foi observado a presença de massa mediastinal a qual foi abordada cirurgicamente.
In general, the adverse effect of a chemical compound present in water varies with the concentrat... more In general, the adverse effect of a chemical compound present in water varies with the concentration and time of exposure to the compound, the nature of the chemical species and age of the exposed organisms. Thus, nitrogen does not necessarily cause adverse effects on shrimp, but may, instead, promote sub-lethal effects by long-term exposure. Juvenile Farfantepenaeus brasiliensis (initial mean weight = 0.61 g ± 0.07) were exposed to sub-lethal concentrations of ammonia (0.44 and 0.88 mg L-1), nitrite (5.30 and 10.60 mg L-1) and nitrate (45.60 and 91.20 mg L-1) corresponding to the safe levels for the species. After 40 days of exposure of juveniles to ammonia, nitrite and nitrate, all groups differed significantly (p<0.05) from the control group regarding the growth and survival. Based on the results, it was determined that the shrimp F. brasiliensis was susceptible to nitrogen compounds in concentrations equivalent to supposedly safe levels previously proposed for the specie. Thu...
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