Tropical forest management has a potential role in forest conservation if it is sustainable. This... more Tropical forest management has a potential role in forest conservation if it is sustainable. This study of a forest under management in Bolivian Amazonia strongly suggests that the management project is not sustainable and that no potential changes in management would be likely to make it so. In a 216.41 ha harvested area, 278 commercial trees from 10 families, 15 genera, and 15 species were measured. The density of commercial species with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 50 cm was 1.28 trees ha −1 , and the harvestable commercial volume was 12.40 m 3 ha −1. Due to market restrictions, the actual amounts harvested were much lower: 96 trees were harvested with commercial boles totaling 2.7 m 3 ha −1. Of the total impact on biomass and carbon (above-and belowground), the logs removed from the area represented only 13.4%, while 86.6% was from losses in the forest as follows: 14.5% from the stumps, crowns, and roots of harvested trees (DBH ≥ 50 cm) plus 72.1% from the trees (DBH ≥ 10 cm) in the forest lost to roads, log landings, and skid tracks and the gap openings caused by felling the harvested trees. The estimated expenses exceeded the gross revenue of the management company (USD 519.15 ha −1), a fact confirmed by the company's subsequent bankruptcy. The project's low harvest intensity reduces the environmental impact per hectare but increases the impact per cubic meter of wood harvested because producing a given volume of wood requires disturbing a larger area and because more kilometers of access roads and skid tracks have to be installed to extract a given volume of wood. Because many costs are fixed regardless of harvest intensity, small harvest volume can render such projects financially unfeasible, increasing the likelihood that they will be abandoned and not provide long-term "sustainable" forest protection. However, this does not mean that higher harvest intensity results in sustainability,
This paper addresses ecological restoration in a Conservation Unit - CU, in the Amazon. Its objec... more This paper addresses ecological restoration in a Conservation Unit - CU, in the Amazon. Its objective was to generate information about the altered areas and possible ecological restoration techniques that can be used in the Antimary State Forest (ASF) to contribute to the CU management plan. In specific terms, this study aimed to: (1) identify and quantify the types of environmental change at ASF; (2) recommend ecological restoration methods and (3) quantify and analyze the costs of ecological restoration, considering the Activity Based Costing – ABC method. To this end, technical visits were made to the altered areas and experimental plots were implanted. The results generated indicate that the environmental changes in the ASF account for 5.5% of the UC area and are pastures in use or abandoned and abandoned agricultural areas. The recommended ecological restoration methods were to conduct assisted natural regeneration with or without planting enrichment seedlings and suggested ec...
II Prêmio Serviço Florestal Brasileiro em Estudos de Economia e Mercado Florestal, 2014
Este estudo aborda a produção racional de madeira, na Amazônia. Seu objetivo principal foi, ao ge... more Este estudo aborda a produção racional de madeira, na Amazônia. Seu objetivo principal foi, ao gerar informações econômicas sobre o manejo florestal sustentável (MFS), colaborar na formulação de políticas voltadas a fomentar, sob a forma de concessão de florestas públicas, o uso desses recursos naturais nessa região. Para tal, foram adotadas como área de estudo as florestas localizadas no estado do Acre. Os dados que subsidiaram esta pesquisa foram obtidos em entrevistadas com os proprietários de serrarias que atuavam nesse estado, em 2008. O método adotado permitiu identificar a área florestal para atender às solicitações das serrarias locais quanto à demanda por madeira em tora e ao raio econômico (distância máxima econômica floresta-serraria). Os resultados obtidos permitiram inferir que: 1) a demanda por terra, na forma de concessão florestal, a partir do setor madeireiro acriano, adotando-se o MFS como sua fonte de madeira em tora, é de cerca de 800 mil hectares, caso um grupo de 60 serrarias atuassem na região; 2) o custo incremental para madeira em tora, explorada em área manejada, é na ordem de 146% maior que o custo dessa tora, caso explorada em terras de conversão; 3) ao considerar a produção de madeira serrada e os custos de comercialização, bem como seu preço de venda, é possível afirmar que 282 km é a distância econômica limite entre uma floresta, sob um processo de concessão florestal, e o pátio da serraria, no setor madeireiro acriano; e 4) ao usar os conceitos do valor esperado da terra, tem-se que só é possível, em termos econômicos, para um detentor de uma concessão florestal realizar o MFS nessa área e vender a madeira em tora, entregue no pátio de serraria, e ganhar uma taxa de juros de 6% ao ano (a.a.), nesse processo, se a distância da sua floresta para o pátio da serraria for inferior a 125 km.40 páginasDesenvolvimento SustentávelCategoria Profissional 3º lugar - Tema: Mercado Floresta
The objective of this paper is to generate economic information on rubber tree (Hevea spp.) plant... more The objective of this paper is to generate economic information on rubber tree (Hevea spp.) plantations included in the carbon market under the clean development mechanism (CDM), deployed in the state of Acre, Brazil. To this end, considering data from local heveiculture projects, Net Present Value (NPV), Land Expectation Value (LEV), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) were quantified for theses reforestations. Based on the results obtained, we conclude that reforestation with rubber trees for carbon sequestration under Forestry CDM may be feasible in the state of Acre, thus strengthening the forest-based economy of the region, provided that the income generated from these plantations is not reduced by more than 20% compared with the average value obtained at the time of this study.
Pollination is a critical link in the functioning of ecosystems, and it is essential for the prod... more Pollination is a critical link in the functioning of ecosystems, and it is essential for the production of a wide range of crops. This paper shows the economic role of pollination services to support the production of coffee crops by rural farmers in Risaralda, Colombia. The Production function approaches seems to be the best model since it is particularly useful for ecosystem services that support economic activities. In order to estimate the contribution of pollination to coffee growing, two steps were developed. First, the physical effects of changes in the coffee plantation by the pollination services were assessed. Second, the impacts of these changes are valued in terms of the corresponding change in the marketed output of coffee. Using 300 coffee farms and a Cobb-Douglas Model, the study estimated the value of pollination as well as other inputs on the production coffee in Risaralda. The results show an increase of yield production by hectare that correspond to each input. As...
Este estudo aborda o setor florestal comunitario na Amazonia brasileira. O seu objetivo foi gerar... more Este estudo aborda o setor florestal comunitario na Amazonia brasileira. O seu objetivo foi gerar informacoes economicas sobre o manejo florestal madeireiro comunitario, no estado do Acre, e assim contribuir na elaboracao de politicas publicas que fomentem o uso racional dos recursos florestais regionais. O seu objetivo especifico foi quantificar e analisar os custos de transacao no contexto do manejo madeireiro comunitario realizado nos Projetos de Assentamentos Agroextrativistas (PAEs) Equador (no municipio de Xapuri/AC) e Porto Dias (no municipio de Acrelândia/AC). Para tal, os procedimentos metodologicos basearam-se no levantamento de dados com os manejadores florestais comunitarios das areas de estudo. A partir dos resultados gerados, pode-se concluir que: a) os custos de transacao do manejo comunitario tem aumentado substancialmente, podendo inviabilizar a atividade de manejo; b) embora o custo total do manejo comunitario seja considerado elevado em relacao ao custo do manejo ...
Tropical forest management has a potential role in forest conservation if it is sustainable. This... more Tropical forest management has a potential role in forest conservation if it is sustainable. This study of a forest under management in Bolivian Amazonia strongly suggests that the management project is not sustainable and that no potential changes in management would be likely to make it so. In a 216.41 ha harvested area, 278 commercial trees from 10 families, 15 genera, and 15 species were measured. The density of commercial species with diameter at breast height (DBH) ≥ 50 cm was 1.28 trees ha −1 , and the harvestable commercial volume was 12.40 m 3 ha −1. Due to market restrictions, the actual amounts harvested were much lower: 96 trees were harvested with commercial boles totaling 2.7 m 3 ha −1. Of the total impact on biomass and carbon (above-and belowground), the logs removed from the area represented only 13.4%, while 86.6% was from losses in the forest as follows: 14.5% from the stumps, crowns, and roots of harvested trees (DBH ≥ 50 cm) plus 72.1% from the trees (DBH ≥ 10 cm) in the forest lost to roads, log landings, and skid tracks and the gap openings caused by felling the harvested trees. The estimated expenses exceeded the gross revenue of the management company (USD 519.15 ha −1), a fact confirmed by the company's subsequent bankruptcy. The project's low harvest intensity reduces the environmental impact per hectare but increases the impact per cubic meter of wood harvested because producing a given volume of wood requires disturbing a larger area and because more kilometers of access roads and skid tracks have to be installed to extract a given volume of wood. Because many costs are fixed regardless of harvest intensity, small harvest volume can render such projects financially unfeasible, increasing the likelihood that they will be abandoned and not provide long-term "sustainable" forest protection. However, this does not mean that higher harvest intensity results in sustainability,
This paper addresses ecological restoration in a Conservation Unit - CU, in the Amazon. Its objec... more This paper addresses ecological restoration in a Conservation Unit - CU, in the Amazon. Its objective was to generate information about the altered areas and possible ecological restoration techniques that can be used in the Antimary State Forest (ASF) to contribute to the CU management plan. In specific terms, this study aimed to: (1) identify and quantify the types of environmental change at ASF; (2) recommend ecological restoration methods and (3) quantify and analyze the costs of ecological restoration, considering the Activity Based Costing – ABC method. To this end, technical visits were made to the altered areas and experimental plots were implanted. The results generated indicate that the environmental changes in the ASF account for 5.5% of the UC area and are pastures in use or abandoned and abandoned agricultural areas. The recommended ecological restoration methods were to conduct assisted natural regeneration with or without planting enrichment seedlings and suggested ec...
II Prêmio Serviço Florestal Brasileiro em Estudos de Economia e Mercado Florestal, 2014
Este estudo aborda a produção racional de madeira, na Amazônia. Seu objetivo principal foi, ao ge... more Este estudo aborda a produção racional de madeira, na Amazônia. Seu objetivo principal foi, ao gerar informações econômicas sobre o manejo florestal sustentável (MFS), colaborar na formulação de políticas voltadas a fomentar, sob a forma de concessão de florestas públicas, o uso desses recursos naturais nessa região. Para tal, foram adotadas como área de estudo as florestas localizadas no estado do Acre. Os dados que subsidiaram esta pesquisa foram obtidos em entrevistadas com os proprietários de serrarias que atuavam nesse estado, em 2008. O método adotado permitiu identificar a área florestal para atender às solicitações das serrarias locais quanto à demanda por madeira em tora e ao raio econômico (distância máxima econômica floresta-serraria). Os resultados obtidos permitiram inferir que: 1) a demanda por terra, na forma de concessão florestal, a partir do setor madeireiro acriano, adotando-se o MFS como sua fonte de madeira em tora, é de cerca de 800 mil hectares, caso um grupo de 60 serrarias atuassem na região; 2) o custo incremental para madeira em tora, explorada em área manejada, é na ordem de 146% maior que o custo dessa tora, caso explorada em terras de conversão; 3) ao considerar a produção de madeira serrada e os custos de comercialização, bem como seu preço de venda, é possível afirmar que 282 km é a distância econômica limite entre uma floresta, sob um processo de concessão florestal, e o pátio da serraria, no setor madeireiro acriano; e 4) ao usar os conceitos do valor esperado da terra, tem-se que só é possível, em termos econômicos, para um detentor de uma concessão florestal realizar o MFS nessa área e vender a madeira em tora, entregue no pátio de serraria, e ganhar uma taxa de juros de 6% ao ano (a.a.), nesse processo, se a distância da sua floresta para o pátio da serraria for inferior a 125 km.40 páginasDesenvolvimento SustentávelCategoria Profissional 3º lugar - Tema: Mercado Floresta
The objective of this paper is to generate economic information on rubber tree (Hevea spp.) plant... more The objective of this paper is to generate economic information on rubber tree (Hevea spp.) plantations included in the carbon market under the clean development mechanism (CDM), deployed in the state of Acre, Brazil. To this end, considering data from local heveiculture projects, Net Present Value (NPV), Land Expectation Value (LEV), and Internal Rate of Return (IRR) were quantified for theses reforestations. Based on the results obtained, we conclude that reforestation with rubber trees for carbon sequestration under Forestry CDM may be feasible in the state of Acre, thus strengthening the forest-based economy of the region, provided that the income generated from these plantations is not reduced by more than 20% compared with the average value obtained at the time of this study.
Pollination is a critical link in the functioning of ecosystems, and it is essential for the prod... more Pollination is a critical link in the functioning of ecosystems, and it is essential for the production of a wide range of crops. This paper shows the economic role of pollination services to support the production of coffee crops by rural farmers in Risaralda, Colombia. The Production function approaches seems to be the best model since it is particularly useful for ecosystem services that support economic activities. In order to estimate the contribution of pollination to coffee growing, two steps were developed. First, the physical effects of changes in the coffee plantation by the pollination services were assessed. Second, the impacts of these changes are valued in terms of the corresponding change in the marketed output of coffee. Using 300 coffee farms and a Cobb-Douglas Model, the study estimated the value of pollination as well as other inputs on the production coffee in Risaralda. The results show an increase of yield production by hectare that correspond to each input. As...
Este estudo aborda o setor florestal comunitario na Amazonia brasileira. O seu objetivo foi gerar... more Este estudo aborda o setor florestal comunitario na Amazonia brasileira. O seu objetivo foi gerar informacoes economicas sobre o manejo florestal madeireiro comunitario, no estado do Acre, e assim contribuir na elaboracao de politicas publicas que fomentem o uso racional dos recursos florestais regionais. O seu objetivo especifico foi quantificar e analisar os custos de transacao no contexto do manejo madeireiro comunitario realizado nos Projetos de Assentamentos Agroextrativistas (PAEs) Equador (no municipio de Xapuri/AC) e Porto Dias (no municipio de Acrelândia/AC). Para tal, os procedimentos metodologicos basearam-se no levantamento de dados com os manejadores florestais comunitarios das areas de estudo. A partir dos resultados gerados, pode-se concluir que: a) os custos de transacao do manejo comunitario tem aumentado substancialmente, podendo inviabilizar a atividade de manejo; b) embora o custo total do manejo comunitario seja considerado elevado em relacao ao custo do manejo ...
Uploads
Papers by Zenobio Silva