In three experiments, we tested the hypothesis that negative priming can occur without prime or t... more In three experiments, we tested the hypothesis that negative priming can occur without prime or target selection, when conflicting properties are associated with the prime and the target, and when the experimental conditions allow the encoding of the target as a separate episode from the prime. These predictions were confirmed in Experiment 1, using a gender decision task. Responses were slower when prime and target had the same gender than when they had different genders, with an inter-stimulus interval (ISI) of 600 ms but not with an ISI of 25 ms. Experiment 2 eliminated a possible explanation of the NP obtained in Experiment 1, in terms of response inhibition during the prime processing. Finally, Experiment 3 demonstrated the replicability and the generality of our NP, in a semantic categorization task. Empirical and theoretical consequences of our results for studies using the priming paradigm are discussed. �� � (��&� � � � � � �� ��� ���� ����� (&�� ��,� ���� � ��� ���� � � ��...
Le modele de Tulving (1976, 1982, 1983) prolonge par les modeles d'appariement global (SAM, R... more Le modele de Tulving (1976, 1982, 1983) prolonge par les modeles d'appariement global (SAM, Raaijmakers & Shiffrin, 1981; MINERVA 2, Hintzman, 1988; CHARM, Eich, 1982), considere que le souvenir emerge de la synergie entre les composants des indices presents dans la situation de recuperation et les composants des traces des experiences passees. Le modele SCAPE (Selective Construction And Preservation of Experience) de Whittlesea (Leboe & Whittlesea, 2002; Whittlesea, 1997, 2002) prolonge cette conception de la memoire en proposant que la recuperation d'une connaissance implique deux etapes: a) la construction d'un etat mental qui est de produit de l'appariement entre les composants des indices presents et les composants des experiences passees, b) l'occurrence d'un sentiment subjectif de familiarite, produit d'une evaluation et d'une inference. Ici, l'evaluation ne refere pas a un jugement sur le stimulus, mais a un jugement sur l'acces a l'etat mental construit (i.e. acces facile vs difficile). L'inference repose quant a elle sur le sentiment qui resulte de l'acces a l'etat mental construit. C'est-a-dire que la personne tente d'attribuer a une source objective (i.e., le stimulus) le sentiment subjectif lie a l'acces a l'etat mental (Whittlesea & Williams, 1998). Comme la personne n'est pas consciente que l'etat mental est une construction elle a recours a un processus d'attribution elementaire: si j'ai le sentiment que l'acces a cet etat mental est facile, cela signifie que j'ai deja ete en contact avec le stimulus. En effet la personne a deja fait l'experience que quelque chose de connu est plus facile a traiter que quelque chose d'inconnu. Autrement dit la personne commet une erreur d'attribution qui l'a conduit a produire un jugement de reconnaissance (Whittlesea, 2011)
1. 40 Ss (aged 1832 yrs) participated in 3 experiments. In Exp 1, Ss had to discriminate meaning... more 1. 40 Ss (aged 1832 yrs) participated in 3 experiments. In Exp 1, Ss had to discriminate meaningless 2 letter pairs presented 1.96 or 5.20 from the fixation point. There were fewer errors in the left visual field (LVF) than in the right visual field (RVF) in the high ...
Distinctiveness effect due to contextual information in a categorization task Warning The content... more Distinctiveness effect due to contextual information in a categorization task Warning The contents of this site is subject to the French law on intellectual property and is the exclusive property of the publisher. The works on this site can be accessed and reproduced on paper or digital media, provided that they are strictly used for personal, scientific or educational purposes excluding any commercial exploitation. Reproduction must necessarily mention the editor, the journal name, the author and the document reference. Any other reproduction is strictly forbidden without permission of the publisher, except in cases provided by legislation
The main objective of our study was to confirm that the distinctiveness effect could emerge in im... more The main objective of our study was to confirm that the distinctiveness effect could emerge in implicit memory tasks and to show that the specificity of an item can be varied by manipulating the contextual information associated with the item during encoding. In an encoding phase and Distinctiveness effect due to contextual information in a categorization task Current psychology letters, Vol. 26, Issue 1, 2010 | 2010 9
In three experiments, we tested the hypothesis that negative priming can occur without prime or t... more In three experiments, we tested the hypothesis that negative priming can occur without prime or target selection, when conflicting properties are associated with the prime and the target, and when the experimental conditions allow the encoding of the target as a separate episode from the prime. These predictions were confirmed in Experiment 1, using a gender decision task. Responses were slower when prime and target had the same gender than when they had different genders, with an inter-stimulus interval (ISI) of 600 ms but not with an ISI of 25 ms. Experiment 2 eliminated a possible explanation of the NP obtained in Experiment 1, in terms of response inhibition during the prime processing. Finally, Experiment 3 demonstrated the replicability and the generality of our NP, in a semantic categorization task. Empirical and theoretical consequences of our results for studies using the priming paradigm are discussed. �� � (��&� � � � � � �� ��� ���� ����� (&�� ��,� ���� � ��� ���� � � ��...
Le modele de Tulving (1976, 1982, 1983) prolonge par les modeles d'appariement global (SAM, R... more Le modele de Tulving (1976, 1982, 1983) prolonge par les modeles d'appariement global (SAM, Raaijmakers & Shiffrin, 1981; MINERVA 2, Hintzman, 1988; CHARM, Eich, 1982), considere que le souvenir emerge de la synergie entre les composants des indices presents dans la situation de recuperation et les composants des traces des experiences passees. Le modele SCAPE (Selective Construction And Preservation of Experience) de Whittlesea (Leboe & Whittlesea, 2002; Whittlesea, 1997, 2002) prolonge cette conception de la memoire en proposant que la recuperation d'une connaissance implique deux etapes: a) la construction d'un etat mental qui est de produit de l'appariement entre les composants des indices presents et les composants des experiences passees, b) l'occurrence d'un sentiment subjectif de familiarite, produit d'une evaluation et d'une inference. Ici, l'evaluation ne refere pas a un jugement sur le stimulus, mais a un jugement sur l'acces a l'etat mental construit (i.e. acces facile vs difficile). L'inference repose quant a elle sur le sentiment qui resulte de l'acces a l'etat mental construit. C'est-a-dire que la personne tente d'attribuer a une source objective (i.e., le stimulus) le sentiment subjectif lie a l'acces a l'etat mental (Whittlesea & Williams, 1998). Comme la personne n'est pas consciente que l'etat mental est une construction elle a recours a un processus d'attribution elementaire: si j'ai le sentiment que l'acces a cet etat mental est facile, cela signifie que j'ai deja ete en contact avec le stimulus. En effet la personne a deja fait l'experience que quelque chose de connu est plus facile a traiter que quelque chose d'inconnu. Autrement dit la personne commet une erreur d'attribution qui l'a conduit a produire un jugement de reconnaissance (Whittlesea, 2011)
1. 40 Ss (aged 1832 yrs) participated in 3 experiments. In Exp 1, Ss had to discriminate meaning... more 1. 40 Ss (aged 1832 yrs) participated in 3 experiments. In Exp 1, Ss had to discriminate meaningless 2 letter pairs presented 1.96 or 5.20 from the fixation point. There were fewer errors in the left visual field (LVF) than in the right visual field (RVF) in the high ...
Distinctiveness effect due to contextual information in a categorization task Warning The content... more Distinctiveness effect due to contextual information in a categorization task Warning The contents of this site is subject to the French law on intellectual property and is the exclusive property of the publisher. The works on this site can be accessed and reproduced on paper or digital media, provided that they are strictly used for personal, scientific or educational purposes excluding any commercial exploitation. Reproduction must necessarily mention the editor, the journal name, the author and the document reference. Any other reproduction is strictly forbidden without permission of the publisher, except in cases provided by legislation
The main objective of our study was to confirm that the distinctiveness effect could emerge in im... more The main objective of our study was to confirm that the distinctiveness effect could emerge in implicit memory tasks and to show that the specificity of an item can be varied by manipulating the contextual information associated with the item during encoding. In an encoding phase and Distinctiveness effect due to contextual information in a categorization task Current psychology letters, Vol. 26, Issue 1, 2010 | 2010 9
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