Die afgelope maande se vinnige voedselprysstygings het wereldwyd en veral die lae-inkomstegroepe ... more Die afgelope maande se vinnige voedselprysstygings het wereldwyd en veral die lae-inkomstegroepe erg getref. Gewoonlik ervaar enkele lande 'n voedselkrisis weens 'n droogte of oorlog. Vir die eerste keer sedert die vroee sewentigerjare ervaar verskeie lande gelyktydig 'n voedselkrisis. In April 2008 was daar onluste oor hoe voedselpryse in Meksiko, Egipte, Kameroen, Ivoorkus, Senegal, Burkina Faso, Ethiopie, Indonesie, Madagaskar, Filippyne en Haiti. Druk word op regerings geplaas om voedselpryse te beheer. 'n Groot protesoptog in Johannesburg teen hoe voedselpryse in April asook 'n landswye optog in Augustus weerspieel 'n gevoel van desperaatheid ook in Suid-Afrika. COSATU wat die optogte georganiseer het se woordvoerder, Mosanu Tseki, verwoord die atmosfeer met die woorde : "We are saying there's anger on the ground and when that anger explodes, there's going to be war ...".
This chapter covers the socio-economic costs and benefits of bioenergy production in developing c... more This chapter covers the socio-economic costs and benefits of bioenergy production in developing countries. The chapter will consider the role local communities can play in the provision of biomass for energy and benefits they can gain in the process. It will analyse the externalities related to bioenergy production that could impact on the socio-economic well-being of local communities. It will consider aspects such as the conversion of land to bioenergy plantations and a change from agricultural food production to biomass production. Examples from across the globe will be used to highlight this socio-economic impact.
ABSTRACT This study compares a life cycle assessment (LCA) of pork production in the Western Cape... more ABSTRACT This study compares a life cycle assessment (LCA) of pork production in the Western Cape with pork production in Flanders. The objectives of this study were to map and quantify the environmental impacts of producing pork in the Western Cape and exporting it to Antwerp in Flanders with the environmental impacts of producing pork in Flanders and delivering it to the same location. The impact categories included are (i) global warming potential (GWP), (ii) eutrophication potential, (iii) acidification potential, and (iv) energy use. By pointing out weak points in the different environmental impact categories, suggestions are made to lower the environmental burdens of pork production. Four main activities of the pork production chain were covered by the LCA, namely: (i) the feed provision activity, which includes the production of raw materials and feed, (ii) the pig farming activity, (iii) the slaughter house activity and (iv) the slurry (treatment) activity. An additional (v) pork shipping activity was added in the case of the Western Cape pork chain. A cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment was carried out, with a functional unit (FU) of one kg of Western Cape or Flemish pork (carcass weight) delivered to the distribution centre in Antwerp. Flemish GWP, eutrophication potential, acidification potential and energy use are 56%, 65%, 62% and 59% respectively of the Western Cape equivalents. The exporting of pork accounts for less than 8% of environmental impacts in all impact categories. Potential exists in the Western Cape to compete on an environmental par when impacts are measured in terms of a per-area unit. It is therefore recommended that for future comparative South African-European LCA studies of pork or other intensive livestock or poultry production chains, an FU of one kg meat as well as an area unit be used when measuring total eutrophication and acidification impacts.
Subject matter research has made many contributions to small grain production in the Western Cape... more Subject matter research has made many contributions to small grain production in the Western Cape province of South Africa, but much of this focuses on single commodities and is undertaken within conventional disciplinary boundaries (e.g. soil science, genetics, economics). The result is that the solutions offered often have knock-on effects that are not properly accounted for by researchers. Expert group discussions, as a research method, are suitable, firstly, for gathering information in a meaningful manner and, secondly, to stimulate individual creativity by presenting alternative perspectives provided by various participating experts. In support of expert group discussions, multi-period wholefarm simulation models were developed. This type of modelling supports the accurate financial simulation of farms, while the user-friendliness and adaptability thereof can accurately accommodate typical farm interrelationships, and quickly measure the financial impact of suggested changes t...
16th Annual Pacific Rim Real Estate Society Conference, Wellington, New Zealand, 24-27 January 20... more 16th Annual Pacific Rim Real Estate Society Conference, Wellington, New Zealand, 24-27 January 2010 Traditionally, rural lands are important for agricultural production, land value strongly related to productive potential of land income based and measurable. Transition towards multifunctional rural environment, income from land not only consideration focus on alternative uses such as lifestyle considerations, enjoyment, recreation, and appreciation of natural amenities
Development planning is essentially an exercise in strategy formulation and implementation. The f... more Development planning is essentially an exercise in strategy formulation and implementation. The first step in strategy formulation is the design of effective practice: doing the right things. Therefore strategic thinking requires that the context be considered before the particular. This requires a metaperspective.In scientific practice such a metaperspective requires first of all an inquiry into the appropriateness of the paradigms, theories and models that are used in research and practice. The purpose of this article is to contribute to the vibrant discourse on development and welfare theory by proposing that this discourse is caught in the thought trap of the Newtonian‐Cartesian scientific culture of reductionism, disciplinarity and multidisciplinarity.The evolution of scientific tradition from classical to Newtonian‐Cartesian is reviewed and also the contrasting societal and developmental implications of changes in this tradition. Tönnies's social transition theory and technological innovation are used to illustrate the need for a synthesis between the classical and modern traditions of science, in particular between the search for wisdom and understanding which dominated classical science and insight and specialised knowledge which regulate progress in modem science.It is proposed that the social systems approach (the ‘soft’ systems approach) can provide some guidelines for a metaperspective (a grand synthesis) for studies in social welfare and human development The social systems approach is transdisciplinary and its process of synthesis differs fundamentally from the multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary procedures that are often used to provide a synthesis between projects and disciplines in development planning. Its proposed synthesis also differs in important respects from the structure‐functionalist approach ofTalcott Parsons.
This article focuses on the potential of and obstacles to agriculture in the Southern Afri can De... more This article focuses on the potential of and obstacles to agriculture in the Southern Afri can Development Community. The potential for horizontal and vertical expansion of agri cultural production is discussed Specific attention is given to problems of data availabil ity, macroeconomic policy and trade in the region, inadequate research, technology de velopment and extension, human capital and land tenure. The article integrates the con tributions of an African Development Bank study, regional policy and macroeconomic programmes, international studies on potential population‐supporting capacity and re gional rural and agricultural programmes.
A Geographical Information System (GIS) has recently been developed for the assessment of the agr... more A Geographical Information System (GIS) has recently been developed for the assessment of the agricultural potential of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region. The main value of this GIS is the integration of agricultural resource information from the SADC countries in order to support regional planning. The development of GIS technology makes it possible to compile, store, retrieve, analyse
Die afgelope maande se vinnige voedselprysstygings het wereldwyd en veral die lae-inkomstegroepe ... more Die afgelope maande se vinnige voedselprysstygings het wereldwyd en veral die lae-inkomstegroepe erg getref. Gewoonlik ervaar enkele lande 'n voedselkrisis weens 'n droogte of oorlog. Vir die eerste keer sedert die vroee sewentigerjare ervaar verskeie lande gelyktydig 'n voedselkrisis. In April 2008 was daar onluste oor hoe voedselpryse in Meksiko, Egipte, Kameroen, Ivoorkus, Senegal, Burkina Faso, Ethiopie, Indonesie, Madagaskar, Filippyne en Haiti. Druk word op regerings geplaas om voedselpryse te beheer. 'n Groot protesoptog in Johannesburg teen hoe voedselpryse in April asook 'n landswye optog in Augustus weerspieel 'n gevoel van desperaatheid ook in Suid-Afrika. COSATU wat die optogte georganiseer het se woordvoerder, Mosanu Tseki, verwoord die atmosfeer met die woorde : "We are saying there's anger on the ground and when that anger explodes, there's going to be war ...".
This chapter covers the socio-economic costs and benefits of bioenergy production in developing c... more This chapter covers the socio-economic costs and benefits of bioenergy production in developing countries. The chapter will consider the role local communities can play in the provision of biomass for energy and benefits they can gain in the process. It will analyse the externalities related to bioenergy production that could impact on the socio-economic well-being of local communities. It will consider aspects such as the conversion of land to bioenergy plantations and a change from agricultural food production to biomass production. Examples from across the globe will be used to highlight this socio-economic impact.
ABSTRACT This study compares a life cycle assessment (LCA) of pork production in the Western Cape... more ABSTRACT This study compares a life cycle assessment (LCA) of pork production in the Western Cape with pork production in Flanders. The objectives of this study were to map and quantify the environmental impacts of producing pork in the Western Cape and exporting it to Antwerp in Flanders with the environmental impacts of producing pork in Flanders and delivering it to the same location. The impact categories included are (i) global warming potential (GWP), (ii) eutrophication potential, (iii) acidification potential, and (iv) energy use. By pointing out weak points in the different environmental impact categories, suggestions are made to lower the environmental burdens of pork production. Four main activities of the pork production chain were covered by the LCA, namely: (i) the feed provision activity, which includes the production of raw materials and feed, (ii) the pig farming activity, (iii) the slaughter house activity and (iv) the slurry (treatment) activity. An additional (v) pork shipping activity was added in the case of the Western Cape pork chain. A cradle-to-gate life cycle assessment was carried out, with a functional unit (FU) of one kg of Western Cape or Flemish pork (carcass weight) delivered to the distribution centre in Antwerp. Flemish GWP, eutrophication potential, acidification potential and energy use are 56%, 65%, 62% and 59% respectively of the Western Cape equivalents. The exporting of pork accounts for less than 8% of environmental impacts in all impact categories. Potential exists in the Western Cape to compete on an environmental par when impacts are measured in terms of a per-area unit. It is therefore recommended that for future comparative South African-European LCA studies of pork or other intensive livestock or poultry production chains, an FU of one kg meat as well as an area unit be used when measuring total eutrophication and acidification impacts.
Subject matter research has made many contributions to small grain production in the Western Cape... more Subject matter research has made many contributions to small grain production in the Western Cape province of South Africa, but much of this focuses on single commodities and is undertaken within conventional disciplinary boundaries (e.g. soil science, genetics, economics). The result is that the solutions offered often have knock-on effects that are not properly accounted for by researchers. Expert group discussions, as a research method, are suitable, firstly, for gathering information in a meaningful manner and, secondly, to stimulate individual creativity by presenting alternative perspectives provided by various participating experts. In support of expert group discussions, multi-period wholefarm simulation models were developed. This type of modelling supports the accurate financial simulation of farms, while the user-friendliness and adaptability thereof can accurately accommodate typical farm interrelationships, and quickly measure the financial impact of suggested changes t...
16th Annual Pacific Rim Real Estate Society Conference, Wellington, New Zealand, 24-27 January 20... more 16th Annual Pacific Rim Real Estate Society Conference, Wellington, New Zealand, 24-27 January 2010 Traditionally, rural lands are important for agricultural production, land value strongly related to productive potential of land income based and measurable. Transition towards multifunctional rural environment, income from land not only consideration focus on alternative uses such as lifestyle considerations, enjoyment, recreation, and appreciation of natural amenities
Development planning is essentially an exercise in strategy formulation and implementation. The f... more Development planning is essentially an exercise in strategy formulation and implementation. The first step in strategy formulation is the design of effective practice: doing the right things. Therefore strategic thinking requires that the context be considered before the particular. This requires a metaperspective.In scientific practice such a metaperspective requires first of all an inquiry into the appropriateness of the paradigms, theories and models that are used in research and practice. The purpose of this article is to contribute to the vibrant discourse on development and welfare theory by proposing that this discourse is caught in the thought trap of the Newtonian‐Cartesian scientific culture of reductionism, disciplinarity and multidisciplinarity.The evolution of scientific tradition from classical to Newtonian‐Cartesian is reviewed and also the contrasting societal and developmental implications of changes in this tradition. Tönnies's social transition theory and technological innovation are used to illustrate the need for a synthesis between the classical and modern traditions of science, in particular between the search for wisdom and understanding which dominated classical science and insight and specialised knowledge which regulate progress in modem science.It is proposed that the social systems approach (the ‘soft’ systems approach) can provide some guidelines for a metaperspective (a grand synthesis) for studies in social welfare and human development The social systems approach is transdisciplinary and its process of synthesis differs fundamentally from the multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary procedures that are often used to provide a synthesis between projects and disciplines in development planning. Its proposed synthesis also differs in important respects from the structure‐functionalist approach ofTalcott Parsons.
This article focuses on the potential of and obstacles to agriculture in the Southern Afri can De... more This article focuses on the potential of and obstacles to agriculture in the Southern Afri can Development Community. The potential for horizontal and vertical expansion of agri cultural production is discussed Specific attention is given to problems of data availabil ity, macroeconomic policy and trade in the region, inadequate research, technology de velopment and extension, human capital and land tenure. The article integrates the con tributions of an African Development Bank study, regional policy and macroeconomic programmes, international studies on potential population‐supporting capacity and re gional rural and agricultural programmes.
A Geographical Information System (GIS) has recently been developed for the assessment of the agr... more A Geographical Information System (GIS) has recently been developed for the assessment of the agricultural potential of the Southern African Development Community (SADC) region. The main value of this GIS is the integration of agricultural resource information from the SADC countries in order to support regional planning. The development of GIS technology makes it possible to compile, store, retrieve, analyse
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Papers by T. Kleynhans