2018 53rd International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC)
Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS) cannot react instantaneously to wind speed variations. Ther... more Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS) cannot react instantaneously to wind speed variations. Therefore, the performance of the system and the energy conversion capability of the rotor – particularly for urban locations, characterized as having an erratic wind resource -- are negatively affected. This study investigates the use of a time series technique as a means to improve the performance and conversion efficiency of wind turbines. In this regard, simulation of the wind sensor maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method (ideal situation) through MATLAB-Simulink™ is considered. Analysis of the Adaptive Linear Prediction (ALP) technique as a real time control reference to improve optimal control of wind turbines suggests that predictive techniques such as ALP can offer increased energy yield opportunities. Indeed, the energy capture technique investigated in this study, suggested that an energy yield increase in excess of 5% is achievable.
This paper introduces a methodology for investigating the behaviour of a distribution network inc... more This paper introduces a methodology for investigating the behaviour of a distribution network incorporating both load variations and variable micro-wind generation output. The probabilistic methodology is applied to a representative model of the Irish Distribution Network. Application of a selection of commercially available micro-wind turbines to the model is investigated for a range of load and generation scenarios based on a standard load profile and varying mean wind speed. Analysis of the results of the analysis forms the basis for defining the limitations of the methodology but also presents the opportunities for future work.
Of the forms of renewable energy available, wind energy is at the forefront of the European (and ... more Of the forms of renewable energy available, wind energy is at the forefront of the European (and Irish) green initiative with wind farms supplying a significant proportion of electrical energy demand. Increasingly, this type of distributed generation (DG) represents a “paradigm shift” towards increased decentralisation of energy supply. However, because of the distances of most DG from urban areas where demand is greatest, there is a loss of efficiency. One possible solution, placing smaller wind energy systems in urban areas, faces significant challenges. However, if a renewable solution to increasing energy demand is to be achieved, energy conversion systems in cities, where populations are concentrated, must be considered. That said, assessing the feasibility of small/micro wind energy systems within the built environment is still a major challenge. These systems are aerodynamically rough and heterogeneous surfaces create complex flows that disrupt the steady-state conditions ide...
This paper focuses on the application of the OpenDSS network simulation tool to investigate the b... more This paper focuses on the application of the OpenDSS network simulation tool to investigate the behaviour of sub-transmission or distribution networks with significant levels of PV installed. The analysis is carried out in an integrated simulation environment which allows for the utilisation of recorded PV-output and load demand data in conjunction with network representation. The simulation tool incorporates energy storage as a means to alleviate voltage variations as a result of varying PV output levels. The charging or discharging decision of the storage element is determined from the condition of the voltage variation ratio.
This paper presents an investigation of wind observations made at three (of a network of ten) sta... more This paper presents an investigation of wind observations made at three (of a network of ten) stations in Dublin. Two of the stations are located over different parts of the urbanized landscape and one is located at Dublin Airport, which exemplifies a typical meteorological station. The purpose of the analysis is to evaluate the nature of the wind resource in the urban area. The potential output of a range of commercially available micro wind turbines at one of the stations is considered. At this location, an anemometer is mounted in a similar manner to international examples of building mounted domestic installations of micro wind turbines. Finally, the paper investigates the relevancy of the Weibull and Rayleigh probability density functions as a means to represent urban wind power density for this Network.
2018 20th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'18 ECCE Europe), 2018
Consideration of spatial and temporal diversity of EV charging demand has been demonstrated to re... more Consideration of spatial and temporal diversity of EV charging demand has been demonstrated to reduce the estimating impacts on the distribution networks. The data formulation is based on impact studies of Electrical vehicles (EV s) on distribution networks. It is suggested that Distribution System Operator (DSO) could benefit for new innovation/advancement in the market (BESS-STATCOM) in a way that makes networks more reliable/robust, In this regard such innovation creates more opportunities for demand side management, reduces planning uncertainties associated with stochastic nature of EV charging and makes space for demand side management. This work considers probabilistic load flow in a representative unbalanced distribution network and through Monte Carlo simulation increased the hosting capacity for DG/EV is considered in an Irish/UK context. Furthermore, this paper considers the potential for a distribution network deployed STATCOM in supporting EV penetration, while maintaini...
2013 48th International Universities' Power Engineering Conference (UPEC), 2013
The purpose of this study is to analyse the implications of atmospheric turbulence within the urb... more The purpose of this study is to analyse the implications of atmospheric turbulence within the urban environment on the generation capability of a micro-wind turbine. In the interests of determining an empirical relationship regarding the influence of ambient turbulence on the generation of a micro-wind turbine, wind resource data from a number of sites has been considered in accordance with corresponding measured power data for a micro-wind generator. The results of this study illustrate that atmospheric turbulence has a considerable impact on the power generation of a micro-wind turbine, but that this effect differs depending on the region of the power curve considered. However, as turbulence has been found to only considerably affect power generation at wind speeds that are doubtful to occur in the urban environment due to its high roughness, it could be interpreted, that with specific regard to urban wind energy, the level of turbulence at a particular site might not be such a critical factor in potential energy generation after all.
2018 53rd International Universities Power Engineering Conference (UPEC)
Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS) cannot react instantaneously to wind speed variations. Ther... more Wind Energy Conversion Systems (WECS) cannot react instantaneously to wind speed variations. Therefore, the performance of the system and the energy conversion capability of the rotor – particularly for urban locations, characterized as having an erratic wind resource -- are negatively affected. This study investigates the use of a time series technique as a means to improve the performance and conversion efficiency of wind turbines. In this regard, simulation of the wind sensor maximum power point tracking (MPPT) method (ideal situation) through MATLAB-Simulink™ is considered. Analysis of the Adaptive Linear Prediction (ALP) technique as a real time control reference to improve optimal control of wind turbines suggests that predictive techniques such as ALP can offer increased energy yield opportunities. Indeed, the energy capture technique investigated in this study, suggested that an energy yield increase in excess of 5% is achievable.
This paper introduces a methodology for investigating the behaviour of a distribution network inc... more This paper introduces a methodology for investigating the behaviour of a distribution network incorporating both load variations and variable micro-wind generation output. The probabilistic methodology is applied to a representative model of the Irish Distribution Network. Application of a selection of commercially available micro-wind turbines to the model is investigated for a range of load and generation scenarios based on a standard load profile and varying mean wind speed. Analysis of the results of the analysis forms the basis for defining the limitations of the methodology but also presents the opportunities for future work.
Of the forms of renewable energy available, wind energy is at the forefront of the European (and ... more Of the forms of renewable energy available, wind energy is at the forefront of the European (and Irish) green initiative with wind farms supplying a significant proportion of electrical energy demand. Increasingly, this type of distributed generation (DG) represents a “paradigm shift” towards increased decentralisation of energy supply. However, because of the distances of most DG from urban areas where demand is greatest, there is a loss of efficiency. One possible solution, placing smaller wind energy systems in urban areas, faces significant challenges. However, if a renewable solution to increasing energy demand is to be achieved, energy conversion systems in cities, where populations are concentrated, must be considered. That said, assessing the feasibility of small/micro wind energy systems within the built environment is still a major challenge. These systems are aerodynamically rough and heterogeneous surfaces create complex flows that disrupt the steady-state conditions ide...
This paper focuses on the application of the OpenDSS network simulation tool to investigate the b... more This paper focuses on the application of the OpenDSS network simulation tool to investigate the behaviour of sub-transmission or distribution networks with significant levels of PV installed. The analysis is carried out in an integrated simulation environment which allows for the utilisation of recorded PV-output and load demand data in conjunction with network representation. The simulation tool incorporates energy storage as a means to alleviate voltage variations as a result of varying PV output levels. The charging or discharging decision of the storage element is determined from the condition of the voltage variation ratio.
This paper presents an investigation of wind observations made at three (of a network of ten) sta... more This paper presents an investigation of wind observations made at three (of a network of ten) stations in Dublin. Two of the stations are located over different parts of the urbanized landscape and one is located at Dublin Airport, which exemplifies a typical meteorological station. The purpose of the analysis is to evaluate the nature of the wind resource in the urban area. The potential output of a range of commercially available micro wind turbines at one of the stations is considered. At this location, an anemometer is mounted in a similar manner to international examples of building mounted domestic installations of micro wind turbines. Finally, the paper investigates the relevancy of the Weibull and Rayleigh probability density functions as a means to represent urban wind power density for this Network.
2018 20th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications (EPE'18 ECCE Europe), 2018
Consideration of spatial and temporal diversity of EV charging demand has been demonstrated to re... more Consideration of spatial and temporal diversity of EV charging demand has been demonstrated to reduce the estimating impacts on the distribution networks. The data formulation is based on impact studies of Electrical vehicles (EV s) on distribution networks. It is suggested that Distribution System Operator (DSO) could benefit for new innovation/advancement in the market (BESS-STATCOM) in a way that makes networks more reliable/robust, In this regard such innovation creates more opportunities for demand side management, reduces planning uncertainties associated with stochastic nature of EV charging and makes space for demand side management. This work considers probabilistic load flow in a representative unbalanced distribution network and through Monte Carlo simulation increased the hosting capacity for DG/EV is considered in an Irish/UK context. Furthermore, this paper considers the potential for a distribution network deployed STATCOM in supporting EV penetration, while maintaini...
2013 48th International Universities' Power Engineering Conference (UPEC), 2013
The purpose of this study is to analyse the implications of atmospheric turbulence within the urb... more The purpose of this study is to analyse the implications of atmospheric turbulence within the urban environment on the generation capability of a micro-wind turbine. In the interests of determining an empirical relationship regarding the influence of ambient turbulence on the generation of a micro-wind turbine, wind resource data from a number of sites has been considered in accordance with corresponding measured power data for a micro-wind generator. The results of this study illustrate that atmospheric turbulence has a considerable impact on the power generation of a micro-wind turbine, but that this effect differs depending on the region of the power curve considered. However, as turbulence has been found to only considerably affect power generation at wind speeds that are doubtful to occur in the urban environment due to its high roughness, it could be interpreted, that with specific regard to urban wind energy, the level of turbulence at a particular site might not be such a critical factor in potential energy generation after all.
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