The paper presents an application of Symbolic Data An lysis (SDA) with SYR software of Syrokko co... more The paper presents an application of Symbolic Data An lysis (SDA) with SYR software of Syrokko company to the fifth round of the European Social Survey (ESS) carried out among European inhabitants. In th is study, we are not interested in studying the people themselves but by the compariso n of different European countries, or different regions of Europe (Western Euro pe, Eastern, Nothern, Southern), or some groups of inhabitants by age, gender, region, etc. Here, we study, however, the 52 European countries by age groups. We describe ea ch of them by all the results of its inhabitants using symbolic data. Symbolic Data Analysis (SDA) is proving so useful to aggregate up micro data (at the level of the inhabitants) to higher level units called concepts (the countries or European regions, f r instance), using symbolic barchart or interval-valued variables. Using this aggr egation we lose less information than occurs in classic analysis because symbolic da ta allow keeping the variati...
Crisis: Turning point in a disease (for better or worse) - Hippocrates Previous economic growth a... more Crisis: Turning point in a disease (for better or worse) - Hippocrates Previous economic growth and the relatively low number of practicing professionals in Portugal allowed architects such as Álvaro Siza (2012) to work mainly through commissions made by government entities. According to Costa (2013), the international recognition of these architects led to an influx of students into architecture schools. Recent research (Caldeira, Santos and Ravara, 2013) shows that an excessive number of recently graduated architects together with the decline in the construction industry gave rise to high unemployment rates among Portuguese architects. Some of them, consciously or not, went looking for work in the fringes of the discipline. They are characterised by a multitude of attitudes working on transdisciplinary projects. They do not have any commissions, they reinvent sustainable models leading to self-built, ephemeral constructions, minimal interventions without design, self project financing or fund raising. They are networked, grouping and ungrouping quickly not only locally but worldwide. Architect designed political interventions appear on the streets. Some embrace social causes and others design only digital projects. If the architecture of the preceding generation was intended to last one hundred years or forever, now it is designed to last one week or never to be built allowing an increased design freedom. The building materials of the preceding generation were limited to stone, concrete, glass and wood. Now the range has been extended to plastic, earth, wax, mirrors, paper, live animals, ready-made and pixels. They ask themselves frequently what can we do with €500? Or what can we build in one week? They re-invent the meaning of the word architecture. Baptista (2010) suggests that this happens not because they don’t want to do the previous architecture, but because this is the only architecture they can do. The architect’s practice and education needs to change not only to suit challenging economic times but due to restrictions of our finite world: super populated, connected, fully explored and with increasing levels of consumption. Students sometimes have expectations to design through massive amounts of material and human labour. This is an issue which will become increasingly difficult to do. Learning with the Portuguese example we are applying their tactics in Design Studios in Austria and Australia, countries not hit by monetary constraints. Instead of asking students to draw proposals on paper or models, we ask them to actually build something with a low budget in a short time. Not models but 1/1 finished products that, due to their resource scarcity, will achieve maximum impact on their audience. The evanescent character of these proposals allows great freedom in students’ designs.
Through exploration of the dynamics of biological systems Kauffman (1992) found a ‘magic region’ ... more Through exploration of the dynamics of biological systems Kauffman (1992) found a ‘magic region’ of phase space where spontaneous organizations in nature reach a peak of complexity somewhat between periodic and chaotic arrangements, expressing a kind of random code. While the networks with which Kauffman was primarily concerned are biological, his analysis can be extended to architectural design. Positioned between too much and too little order, the moment of randomness is the medium in which new strategies for architecture could emerge. With these insights this paper introduces a series of possible housing structures that illustrate some of the key working methods available in digital systems such as ‘generating’ and ‘compositing’ taking as starting point computational strategies oriented to geometry and where the random factor plays a decisive role. Design can be inspired by this random nature, as nature is not designed with strict parameters, but it may evolve from a core of gene...
We apply a two-stage data mining strategy to handle and analyze big statistical micro data sets. ... more We apply a two-stage data mining strategy to handle and analyze big statistical micro data sets. The first stage consists of smart aggregation of such micro data, and the second data continues to analyze and visualize the smartly aggregated data, further. The smart aggregation here requires three steps. One is to decide and to create the appropriate aggregates themselves, called also ‘concepts.’ Second, the characteristics for the concepts need to be implemented. The Symbolic Data Analysis (SDA) approach offers good tools for this. In this paper, our symbolic variables are of the two kinds: frequencies of categorical variables, and intervals of continuous variables. The third step is to operationalize the first two steps by creating the new data set. This operation is performed by the SYR software for SDA from Syrokko Company. We present our methodology with empirical data from the fifth round of the European Social Survey.
Resume. Afin de concevoir des personnages virtuels capables d’exprimer differents types de sourir... more Resume. Afin de concevoir des personnages virtuels capables d’exprimer differents types de sourire durant une interaction avec un utilisateur, nous avons collecte une base de donnees de sourires de personnage virtuel directement crees par des utilisateurs. Cette base de donnees a ete exploree a travers une analyse symbolique descriptive et supervisee afin d’identifier les caracteristiques morphologiques et dynamiques des sourires d’amusement, de politesse et d’embarras. Une analyse non-supervisee de la base de donnees a permis de mettre en evidence d’autres types de combinaisons de sourires.
The variability inside classes of individuals, categories (defined by a categorical variable) or ... more The variability inside classes of individuals, categories (defined by a categorical variable) or concepts (defined by an intent and an extent, like species for example), is expressed by the use of intervals, histograms, distributions, sequences of weighted values and the like. In this way we obtain new kinds of data called "symbolic". The aim of "Symbolic Data Analysis" (SDA) is to study and extract new knowledge from these new kinds of data by an extension of Statistics and Data Mining to symbolic data. We show that SDA is a new paradigm opened to a vast field of research and applications. Then, we give a way for obtaining discriminate symbolic descriptions by an original discretisation method, which is illustrated by a financial application.
In this paper, we present an application of symbolic data processing for the design of virtual ch... more In this paper, we present an application of symbolic data processing for the design of virtual character's smiling facial expressions. A collected database of virtual character's smiles directly created by users has been explored using symbolic data analysis methods. An unsupervised analysis has enabled us to identify the morphological and dynamic characteristics of different types of smiles as well as of combinations of smiles. Based on the symbolic data analysis, to generate different smiling faces, we have developed procedures to automatically reconstitute smiling virtual faces from a point in a multidimensional space corresponding to a principal component analysis plane.
Structural health monitoring (SHM) provides accurate in situ information and its use in managemen... more Structural health monitoring (SHM) provides accurate in situ information and its use in management of infrastructures is an important challenge. For a large population of assets, SHM information may be composed of numerous and various types of data. The crucial issue is that the quantity and heterogeneity of information may finally prevent from efficiently correlating collected data and informing the performance metrics of interest. Data mining concepts offer possibilities of analyzing and correlating complex (i.e., heterogeneous) data. The fusion of these data to get new knowledge requires using symbolic data which are an extension of standard numerical or categorical data. Symbolic Data Analysis (SDA) is illustrated in this paper by the study of the degradation problems occurring on nuclear power plant cooling towers. This paper presents the suitability of SDA for structural degradation analysis, combination of heterogeneous measures, description of the correlations between them, and classification of the degradations. Complex data
Analyse de trajectoires hospitalières de patients atteints d'un infarctus du myocarde Myriam... more Analyse de trajectoires hospitalières de patients atteints d'un infarctus du myocarde Myriam Touati*, Mohamed Cherif Rahal* Catherine Quantin**, Gwénaël Le Teuff**, Mehdi Limam*, Filipe Afonso*, Giampaolo ... Il est donc nécessaire de préciser quel hôpital est concerné. ...
The paper presents an application of Symbolic Data An lysis (SDA) with SYR software of Syrokko co... more The paper presents an application of Symbolic Data An lysis (SDA) with SYR software of Syrokko company to the fifth round of the European Social Survey (ESS) carried out among European inhabitants. In th is study, we are not interested in studying the people themselves but by the compariso n of different European countries, or different regions of Europe (Western Euro pe, Eastern, Nothern, Southern), or some groups of inhabitants by age, gender, region, etc. Here, we study, however, the 52 European countries by age groups. We describe ea ch of them by all the results of its inhabitants using symbolic data. Symbolic Data Analysis (SDA) is proving so useful to aggregate up micro data (at the level of the inhabitants) to higher level units called concepts (the countries or European regions, f r instance), using symbolic barchart or interval-valued variables. Using this aggr egation we lose less information than occurs in classic analysis because symbolic da ta allow keeping the variati...
Crisis: Turning point in a disease (for better or worse) - Hippocrates Previous economic growth a... more Crisis: Turning point in a disease (for better or worse) - Hippocrates Previous economic growth and the relatively low number of practicing professionals in Portugal allowed architects such as Álvaro Siza (2012) to work mainly through commissions made by government entities. According to Costa (2013), the international recognition of these architects led to an influx of students into architecture schools. Recent research (Caldeira, Santos and Ravara, 2013) shows that an excessive number of recently graduated architects together with the decline in the construction industry gave rise to high unemployment rates among Portuguese architects. Some of them, consciously or not, went looking for work in the fringes of the discipline. They are characterised by a multitude of attitudes working on transdisciplinary projects. They do not have any commissions, they reinvent sustainable models leading to self-built, ephemeral constructions, minimal interventions without design, self project financing or fund raising. They are networked, grouping and ungrouping quickly not only locally but worldwide. Architect designed political interventions appear on the streets. Some embrace social causes and others design only digital projects. If the architecture of the preceding generation was intended to last one hundred years or forever, now it is designed to last one week or never to be built allowing an increased design freedom. The building materials of the preceding generation were limited to stone, concrete, glass and wood. Now the range has been extended to plastic, earth, wax, mirrors, paper, live animals, ready-made and pixels. They ask themselves frequently what can we do with €500? Or what can we build in one week? They re-invent the meaning of the word architecture. Baptista (2010) suggests that this happens not because they don’t want to do the previous architecture, but because this is the only architecture they can do. The architect’s practice and education needs to change not only to suit challenging economic times but due to restrictions of our finite world: super populated, connected, fully explored and with increasing levels of consumption. Students sometimes have expectations to design through massive amounts of material and human labour. This is an issue which will become increasingly difficult to do. Learning with the Portuguese example we are applying their tactics in Design Studios in Austria and Australia, countries not hit by monetary constraints. Instead of asking students to draw proposals on paper or models, we ask them to actually build something with a low budget in a short time. Not models but 1/1 finished products that, due to their resource scarcity, will achieve maximum impact on their audience. The evanescent character of these proposals allows great freedom in students’ designs.
Through exploration of the dynamics of biological systems Kauffman (1992) found a ‘magic region’ ... more Through exploration of the dynamics of biological systems Kauffman (1992) found a ‘magic region’ of phase space where spontaneous organizations in nature reach a peak of complexity somewhat between periodic and chaotic arrangements, expressing a kind of random code. While the networks with which Kauffman was primarily concerned are biological, his analysis can be extended to architectural design. Positioned between too much and too little order, the moment of randomness is the medium in which new strategies for architecture could emerge. With these insights this paper introduces a series of possible housing structures that illustrate some of the key working methods available in digital systems such as ‘generating’ and ‘compositing’ taking as starting point computational strategies oriented to geometry and where the random factor plays a decisive role. Design can be inspired by this random nature, as nature is not designed with strict parameters, but it may evolve from a core of gene...
We apply a two-stage data mining strategy to handle and analyze big statistical micro data sets. ... more We apply a two-stage data mining strategy to handle and analyze big statistical micro data sets. The first stage consists of smart aggregation of such micro data, and the second data continues to analyze and visualize the smartly aggregated data, further. The smart aggregation here requires three steps. One is to decide and to create the appropriate aggregates themselves, called also ‘concepts.’ Second, the characteristics for the concepts need to be implemented. The Symbolic Data Analysis (SDA) approach offers good tools for this. In this paper, our symbolic variables are of the two kinds: frequencies of categorical variables, and intervals of continuous variables. The third step is to operationalize the first two steps by creating the new data set. This operation is performed by the SYR software for SDA from Syrokko Company. We present our methodology with empirical data from the fifth round of the European Social Survey.
Resume. Afin de concevoir des personnages virtuels capables d’exprimer differents types de sourir... more Resume. Afin de concevoir des personnages virtuels capables d’exprimer differents types de sourire durant une interaction avec un utilisateur, nous avons collecte une base de donnees de sourires de personnage virtuel directement crees par des utilisateurs. Cette base de donnees a ete exploree a travers une analyse symbolique descriptive et supervisee afin d’identifier les caracteristiques morphologiques et dynamiques des sourires d’amusement, de politesse et d’embarras. Une analyse non-supervisee de la base de donnees a permis de mettre en evidence d’autres types de combinaisons de sourires.
The variability inside classes of individuals, categories (defined by a categorical variable) or ... more The variability inside classes of individuals, categories (defined by a categorical variable) or concepts (defined by an intent and an extent, like species for example), is expressed by the use of intervals, histograms, distributions, sequences of weighted values and the like. In this way we obtain new kinds of data called "symbolic". The aim of "Symbolic Data Analysis" (SDA) is to study and extract new knowledge from these new kinds of data by an extension of Statistics and Data Mining to symbolic data. We show that SDA is a new paradigm opened to a vast field of research and applications. Then, we give a way for obtaining discriminate symbolic descriptions by an original discretisation method, which is illustrated by a financial application.
In this paper, we present an application of symbolic data processing for the design of virtual ch... more In this paper, we present an application of symbolic data processing for the design of virtual character's smiling facial expressions. A collected database of virtual character's smiles directly created by users has been explored using symbolic data analysis methods. An unsupervised analysis has enabled us to identify the morphological and dynamic characteristics of different types of smiles as well as of combinations of smiles. Based on the symbolic data analysis, to generate different smiling faces, we have developed procedures to automatically reconstitute smiling virtual faces from a point in a multidimensional space corresponding to a principal component analysis plane.
Structural health monitoring (SHM) provides accurate in situ information and its use in managemen... more Structural health monitoring (SHM) provides accurate in situ information and its use in management of infrastructures is an important challenge. For a large population of assets, SHM information may be composed of numerous and various types of data. The crucial issue is that the quantity and heterogeneity of information may finally prevent from efficiently correlating collected data and informing the performance metrics of interest. Data mining concepts offer possibilities of analyzing and correlating complex (i.e., heterogeneous) data. The fusion of these data to get new knowledge requires using symbolic data which are an extension of standard numerical or categorical data. Symbolic Data Analysis (SDA) is illustrated in this paper by the study of the degradation problems occurring on nuclear power plant cooling towers. This paper presents the suitability of SDA for structural degradation analysis, combination of heterogeneous measures, description of the correlations between them, and classification of the degradations. Complex data
Analyse de trajectoires hospitalières de patients atteints d'un infarctus du myocarde Myriam... more Analyse de trajectoires hospitalières de patients atteints d'un infarctus du myocarde Myriam Touati*, Mohamed Cherif Rahal* Catherine Quantin**, Gwénaël Le Teuff**, Mehdi Limam*, Filipe Afonso*, Giampaolo ... Il est donc nécessaire de préciser quel hôpital est concerné. ...
Uploads
Papers by Filipe Afonso