While the neuroanatomical correlates of impulsivity in youths have been examined, there is little... more While the neuroanatomical correlates of impulsivity in youths have been examined, there is little research on whether those correlates are consistent across childhood/adolescence. The current study uses data from the age 11/12 (N = 7083) visit of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study to investigate the replicability of the neuroanatomical correlates of impulsive personality traits identified at age 9/10. Neuroanatomy was measured using structural and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging and impulsive personality was measured using the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale. Replicability was quantified using the Open Science Foundation replication criteria, intraclass correlations, and elastic net regression modeling to make predictions across timepoints. Replicability was highly variable among traits: the neuroanatomical correlates of positive urgency showed substantial similarity between ages 9/10 and 11/12, negative urgency and sensation seeking, showed moderate simila...
3.1. The Triarchic Model of Psychopathy (TriPM; Patrick et al., 2009) is posited to capture the o... more 3.1. The Triarchic Model of Psychopathy (TriPM; Patrick et al., 2009) is posited to capture the overall construct of psychopathy and three domains within it: Boldness, Meanness, and Disinhibition. Previous work has been done in an attempt to validate this structure, however, results have not generally supported three-factors as the ideal structure of the TriPM (Roy et al., 2021). Roy et al. tested this structure with exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Their results indicate a seven factor structure as the best fitting for the original TriPM, with factors reflecting Leadership, Stress Immunity, Positive-Self Image, Callousness, Enjoy Hurting, Trait Impulsivity, and Overt Antisociality. Collison et al. (2021) used the full TriPM item set (i.e., no item culling as was done with Roy et al.) and used EFA to examine the TriPM's main measure's structure and found six factors to be the optimal structure of the TriPM measure. Collison also exami...
Preregistration of the Association of Multidimensional Schizotypy with PID-5 Domains and Facets. ... more Preregistration of the Association of Multidimensional Schizotypy with PID-5 Domains and Facets. The present study will examine the associations of positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy assessed by the Multidimensional Schizotypy Scale (MSS; Kwapil et al., 2018) with personality pathology domains and facets assessed by the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5; Krueger et al., 2013). This is the first study to our knowledge to comprehensively examine these associations. The goals of the study are to a) examine the unique patterns of associations of positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy with the PID-5 domains and facets, b) examine the extent to which the PID-5 domains and facets tapped variance in each of the schizotypy dimensions, c) examine the similarity/differentiation of the PID-5 loadings, and d) provide a deeper examination of item overlap and item associations.
The underlying vulnerability for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders is expressed across a continuum... more The underlying vulnerability for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders is expressed across a continuum of clinical and subclinical symptoms and impairment referred to as schizotypy. Schizotypy is a multidimensional construct with positive, negative, and disorganized dimensions. Models of pathological personality provide useful frameworks for assessing the multidimensional structure of schizotypy. The present study examined the association of positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy with pathological personality traits and facets assessed by the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) in 1,342 young adults. As hypothesized, positive schizotypy was largely associated with the PID-5 psychoticism domain and facets, negative schizotypy was primarily associated with the detachment domain and facets and the restricted affectivity facet, and disorganized schizotypy’s strongest associations were with the distractibility and eccentricity facets and the negative affect domain. Negative schiz...
Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 2022
The introduction of the alternative model of personality disorders in the fifth edition of the Di... more The introduction of the alternative model of personality disorders in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Model of Mental Disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 2013) represented a substantive change in how personality disorders (PDs) are diagnosed. One barrier to its adoption (among several) in clinical practice, however, is a lack of information as to what constitutes an elevated score on the 25 domains and facets that comprise Criterion B. Unique sets of facets can be configured to assess any 1 of 6 PDs retained in the alternative model of personality disorders; each of these facets can in turn be added to create a PD sum score. In the current study, using the Personality Inventory for Diagnostic and Statistical Model of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (Krueger et al., 2012), we report mean scores using this instrument that align with 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 SD elevations for the 25 facets, five domains, and six PD composites on the basis of Krueger and colleagues' (2012) representative sample and compare these with those obtained from a community and a clinical sample. These normative data may be useful to clinicians in determining whether a client has elevated scores on pathological personality domains, facets, or PDs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Commentary article on the recently published paper: Moshagen, M., Zettler, I., Horsten, L.K., & H... more Commentary article on the recently published paper: Moshagen, M., Zettler, I., Horsten, L.K., & Hilbig, B.E. (2020). Agreeableness and the common core of dark traits are functionally different constructs, Journal of Research in Personality. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2020.103986
We see little benefit to separating Honesty-Humility from the broader FFM Agreeableness domain. I... more We see little benefit to separating Honesty-Humility from the broader FFM Agreeableness domain. In our commentary, we summarize several studies showing that although lexically-based Big Five measures under-represent H-H content, the same cannot be said for FFM-based measures. We also indicate that contrary to claims by some advocates, FFM-based Agreeableness is more strongly related to the Dark Triad than H-H. Finally, we review a recent study examining the lower-order structure of FFM Agreeableness that failed to reveal a separate H-H factor, despite more than adequate representation of that content.
Objective: A growing research literature has focused on what have been termed “dark” personality ... more Objective: A growing research literature has focused on what have been termed “dark” personality traits/constructs. More recently, the “dark factor” of personality has been proposed as a unifying framework for this research (Moshagen et al., 2018). To date, little work has rigorously investigated whether the traits/constructs investigated in the context of the dark factor can be captured by existing models of normative personality, namely Agreeableness from the Five-factor Model. Thus, the “dark factor” may be an instance of the “jangle” fallacy, where two constructs with different names are in fact the same construct. Method: We used a preregistered approach that made use of bass-ackwards factor analysis, structural equation modeling, and nomological network analysis to investigate the distinction between the D factor and Agreeableness. Results: Agreeableness and the D factor were similar in their coverage of antagonistic personality content, strongly negatively related (latent r =...
Agreeableness is one of the major domains included within prominent hierarchical models of person... more Agreeableness is one of the major domains included within prominent hierarchical models of personality like the five–factor model. (Low) agreeableness is the strongest correlate of a variety of antisocial behaviours relative to the other five–factor model domains. Although there is substantial evidence that (low) agreeableness is arguably the most important personality correlate of various antisocial behaviours, this evidence is descriptive and provides little information on the direction or processes underlying the relation. Process–related research has started to provide more insight into how agreeableness–related traits give rise to various antisocial and prosocial behaviours. The proposed study looked to first replicate previous research on some of the potential cognitive–emotional processes related to agreeableness and then conduct exploratory analyses to identify which, if any, of the empirically identified facets of agreeableness bear specific relations to the processes under...
There is substantial and ongoing debate regarding the centrality of Fearless Dominance/Boldness (... more There is substantial and ongoing debate regarding the centrality of Fearless Dominance/Boldness (FD/B) to psychopathic personality due, in part, to its generally weak relations with externalizing behaviors. In response to these findings, proponents of FD/B have offered two hypotheses. First, FD/B may have non-linear associations with externalizing outcomes such that FD/B may lead to resilience at moderate levels, but an overabundance of FD/B will yield maladaptive behavioral outcomes. Second, FD/B may be related to antisocial outcomes when paired with high scores on other psychopathic traits such as self-centered impulsivity (SCI), meanness, or disinhibition. The current study tests these two possibilities using two large samples (Study 1: 787 undergraduates; Study 2: 596 MTurk participants). An Item-Response Theory (IRT) scoring approach particularly sensitive to curvilinearity was used to maximize our ability to find a true curvilinear effect, if present. No evidence in favor of t...
Objective: Partialing procedures are frequently used in psychological research. The present study... more Objective: Partialing procedures are frequently used in psychological research. The present study sought to further explore the consequences of partialing, focusing on the replicability of partialing-based results. Method: We used popular measures of the Dark Triad (DT; Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy) to explore the replicability of partialing procedures. We examined whether the residual content of popular DT scales are similar to the residual content of DT scales derived from separate samples based on relations with individual items from the IPIP-NEO-120, allowing for a fine-grained analysis of residual variable content. Results: Profiles were compared using three sample sizes (Small N=156-157, Moderate N = 313-314, Large N = 627-628) randomly drawn from a large MTurk sample (N = 1,255). There was low convergence among original/residual DT scales within samples. Additionally, results showed the content of residual Dirty Dozen scales was not similar across samples. Si...
Following the introduction of the DSM-5 Section III Alternative Model of Personality Disorder (AM... more Following the introduction of the DSM-5 Section III Alternative Model of Personality Disorder (AMPD), much of the empirical attention has been directed towards testing the performance of Criterion B (i.e., pathological traits). Much more recently, with the development of assessment tools related to Criterion A (i.e., personality impairment), a burgeoning literature base is forming for it as well. A closer look at the Criterion A component, however, reveals disagreements around its structure, discriminant validity, ability to distinguish between personality-based and non-personality-based forms of psychopathology, overlap between the two criteria, and incremental validity. The goal of the current study (N = 365 undergraduates) was to test Criterion A in relation to both pathological personality traits, as specified in the DSM-5, as well as general personality traits as suggested might be more appropriate by some scholars. The results suggest that impairment domains overlap substantia...
This chapter reviews the current state of the narcissism and NPD literature highlighting areas of... more This chapter reviews the current state of the narcissism and NPD literature highlighting areas of progress, points of continued debate, and areas for future research. After a brief review of narcissism’s origins, current conceptualizations of the construct are discussed beginning first with NPD and continuing with narcissism’s grandiose and vulnerable dimensions. Grandiose narcissism represents the prototypical manifestation of the construct, while vulnerable narcissism is more commonly observed in clinical settings. A review of grandiose and vulnerable narcissisms’ nomological networks makes it clear that both manifestations can yield significant impairment, albeit of different forms. Converging evidence for a three-dimensional (i.e., “trifurcated”) model of narcissism, which allows for an integrated understanding of its grandiose and vulnerable dimensions is presented. We argue that general application of the trifurcated model is necessary to provide further clarity to the narciss...
Psychopathy is characterized by a constellation of traits including callousness, superficial char... more Psychopathy is characterized by a constellation of traits including callousness, superficial charm, grandiosity, exploitativeness, irresponsibility, and impulsivity (e.g., Cleckley, 1941; Hare, 2003). Despite longstanding interest, the nature and scope of the construct as well as the centrality and sufficiency of its components remain debated (i.e., Fearless Dominance/Boldness; Miller & Lynam, 2012; Lilienfeld et al., 2012). Recently, the Triarchic Model of Psychopathy (TriPM; Patrick, Fowles, & Krueger, 2009) has garnered considerable interest, positing that psychopathy can be characterized by three partially overlapping, phenotypic domains: Boldness, Meanness, and Disinhibition. The present meta-analysis sought to examine the relations between these domains and other well-validated psychopathy measures and theoretically relevant outcomes in its nomological network. Across outcomes, Meanness and Disinhibition demonstrated robust convergent and criterion validity with other models o...
Although psychopathy remains to be one of the most well-studied and validated personality disorde... more Although psychopathy remains to be one of the most well-studied and validated personality disorders, debate remains regarding the necessity and sufficiency of fearless dominance/boldness. The crux of this debate revolves around the robust relations boldness shares with adaptive outcomes (e.g., self-esteem) and the limited relations it evinces with psychopathy’s other features and theoretically-relevant outcomes. Nevertheless, boldness also typically exhibits moderate to large relations with grandiose narcissism; however, these relations are less frequently examined at the factor level. The aim of the present study was to conduct a comprehensive examination of the relations between psychopathic boldness, narcissism, and other adaptive features in a large, Amazon Mechanical Turk sample (N = 591). Consistent with previous findings, boldness exhibited moderate to large relations with grandiose narcissism; however, the use of a trifurcated three-factor model of narcissism demonstrates th...
Fearless Dominance (FD) generally manifests null to small relations with externalizing problems, ... more Fearless Dominance (FD) generally manifests null to small relations with externalizing problems, leading some researchers to propose alternative paths by which FD may relate to these problems. The current study provides a test of two possibilities, namely that FD (a) demonstrates curvilinear relations with externalizing problems such that it is associated with these problems only at high levels; and (b) interacts statistically with other features of psychopathy such that FD is associated with externalizing problems at high levels of other psychopathic traits. We used a large correctional sample and item-response theory-related statistics to precisely estimate individuals’ scores at the extremes of each major psychopathic trait. FD traits were not significantly associated with externalizing problems at higher levels of FD traits or in interaction with other psychopathic traits. In those few cases in which FD traits displayed curvilinear relations, they were negatively associated with...
While the neuroanatomical correlates of impulsivity in youths have been examined, there is little... more While the neuroanatomical correlates of impulsivity in youths have been examined, there is little research on whether those correlates are consistent across childhood/adolescence. The current study uses data from the age 11/12 (N = 7083) visit of the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study to investigate the replicability of the neuroanatomical correlates of impulsive personality traits identified at age 9/10. Neuroanatomy was measured using structural and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging and impulsive personality was measured using the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale. Replicability was quantified using the Open Science Foundation replication criteria, intraclass correlations, and elastic net regression modeling to make predictions across timepoints. Replicability was highly variable among traits: the neuroanatomical correlates of positive urgency showed substantial similarity between ages 9/10 and 11/12, negative urgency and sensation seeking, showed moderate simila...
3.1. The Triarchic Model of Psychopathy (TriPM; Patrick et al., 2009) is posited to capture the o... more 3.1. The Triarchic Model of Psychopathy (TriPM; Patrick et al., 2009) is posited to capture the overall construct of psychopathy and three domains within it: Boldness, Meanness, and Disinhibition. Previous work has been done in an attempt to validate this structure, however, results have not generally supported three-factors as the ideal structure of the TriPM (Roy et al., 2021). Roy et al. tested this structure with exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Their results indicate a seven factor structure as the best fitting for the original TriPM, with factors reflecting Leadership, Stress Immunity, Positive-Self Image, Callousness, Enjoy Hurting, Trait Impulsivity, and Overt Antisociality. Collison et al. (2021) used the full TriPM item set (i.e., no item culling as was done with Roy et al.) and used EFA to examine the TriPM's main measure's structure and found six factors to be the optimal structure of the TriPM measure. Collison also exami...
Preregistration of the Association of Multidimensional Schizotypy with PID-5 Domains and Facets. ... more Preregistration of the Association of Multidimensional Schizotypy with PID-5 Domains and Facets. The present study will examine the associations of positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy assessed by the Multidimensional Schizotypy Scale (MSS; Kwapil et al., 2018) with personality pathology domains and facets assessed by the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5; Krueger et al., 2013). This is the first study to our knowledge to comprehensively examine these associations. The goals of the study are to a) examine the unique patterns of associations of positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy with the PID-5 domains and facets, b) examine the extent to which the PID-5 domains and facets tapped variance in each of the schizotypy dimensions, c) examine the similarity/differentiation of the PID-5 loadings, and d) provide a deeper examination of item overlap and item associations.
The underlying vulnerability for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders is expressed across a continuum... more The underlying vulnerability for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders is expressed across a continuum of clinical and subclinical symptoms and impairment referred to as schizotypy. Schizotypy is a multidimensional construct with positive, negative, and disorganized dimensions. Models of pathological personality provide useful frameworks for assessing the multidimensional structure of schizotypy. The present study examined the association of positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy with pathological personality traits and facets assessed by the Personality Inventory for DSM-5 (PID-5) in 1,342 young adults. As hypothesized, positive schizotypy was largely associated with the PID-5 psychoticism domain and facets, negative schizotypy was primarily associated with the detachment domain and facets and the restricted affectivity facet, and disorganized schizotypy’s strongest associations were with the distractibility and eccentricity facets and the negative affect domain. Negative schiz...
Personality Disorders: Theory, Research, and Treatment, 2022
The introduction of the alternative model of personality disorders in the fifth edition of the Di... more The introduction of the alternative model of personality disorders in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Model of Mental Disorders (American Psychiatric Association, 2013) represented a substantive change in how personality disorders (PDs) are diagnosed. One barrier to its adoption (among several) in clinical practice, however, is a lack of information as to what constitutes an elevated score on the 25 domains and facets that comprise Criterion B. Unique sets of facets can be configured to assess any 1 of 6 PDs retained in the alternative model of personality disorders; each of these facets can in turn be added to create a PD sum score. In the current study, using the Personality Inventory for Diagnostic and Statistical Model of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (Krueger et al., 2012), we report mean scores using this instrument that align with 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 SD elevations for the 25 facets, five domains, and six PD composites on the basis of Krueger and colleagues' (2012) representative sample and compare these with those obtained from a community and a clinical sample. These normative data may be useful to clinicians in determining whether a client has elevated scores on pathological personality domains, facets, or PDs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).
Commentary article on the recently published paper: Moshagen, M., Zettler, I., Horsten, L.K., & H... more Commentary article on the recently published paper: Moshagen, M., Zettler, I., Horsten, L.K., & Hilbig, B.E. (2020). Agreeableness and the common core of dark traits are functionally different constructs, Journal of Research in Personality. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrp.2020.103986
We see little benefit to separating Honesty-Humility from the broader FFM Agreeableness domain. I... more We see little benefit to separating Honesty-Humility from the broader FFM Agreeableness domain. In our commentary, we summarize several studies showing that although lexically-based Big Five measures under-represent H-H content, the same cannot be said for FFM-based measures. We also indicate that contrary to claims by some advocates, FFM-based Agreeableness is more strongly related to the Dark Triad than H-H. Finally, we review a recent study examining the lower-order structure of FFM Agreeableness that failed to reveal a separate H-H factor, despite more than adequate representation of that content.
Objective: A growing research literature has focused on what have been termed “dark” personality ... more Objective: A growing research literature has focused on what have been termed “dark” personality traits/constructs. More recently, the “dark factor” of personality has been proposed as a unifying framework for this research (Moshagen et al., 2018). To date, little work has rigorously investigated whether the traits/constructs investigated in the context of the dark factor can be captured by existing models of normative personality, namely Agreeableness from the Five-factor Model. Thus, the “dark factor” may be an instance of the “jangle” fallacy, where two constructs with different names are in fact the same construct. Method: We used a preregistered approach that made use of bass-ackwards factor analysis, structural equation modeling, and nomological network analysis to investigate the distinction between the D factor and Agreeableness. Results: Agreeableness and the D factor were similar in their coverage of antagonistic personality content, strongly negatively related (latent r =...
Agreeableness is one of the major domains included within prominent hierarchical models of person... more Agreeableness is one of the major domains included within prominent hierarchical models of personality like the five–factor model. (Low) agreeableness is the strongest correlate of a variety of antisocial behaviours relative to the other five–factor model domains. Although there is substantial evidence that (low) agreeableness is arguably the most important personality correlate of various antisocial behaviours, this evidence is descriptive and provides little information on the direction or processes underlying the relation. Process–related research has started to provide more insight into how agreeableness–related traits give rise to various antisocial and prosocial behaviours. The proposed study looked to first replicate previous research on some of the potential cognitive–emotional processes related to agreeableness and then conduct exploratory analyses to identify which, if any, of the empirically identified facets of agreeableness bear specific relations to the processes under...
There is substantial and ongoing debate regarding the centrality of Fearless Dominance/Boldness (... more There is substantial and ongoing debate regarding the centrality of Fearless Dominance/Boldness (FD/B) to psychopathic personality due, in part, to its generally weak relations with externalizing behaviors. In response to these findings, proponents of FD/B have offered two hypotheses. First, FD/B may have non-linear associations with externalizing outcomes such that FD/B may lead to resilience at moderate levels, but an overabundance of FD/B will yield maladaptive behavioral outcomes. Second, FD/B may be related to antisocial outcomes when paired with high scores on other psychopathic traits such as self-centered impulsivity (SCI), meanness, or disinhibition. The current study tests these two possibilities using two large samples (Study 1: 787 undergraduates; Study 2: 596 MTurk participants). An Item-Response Theory (IRT) scoring approach particularly sensitive to curvilinearity was used to maximize our ability to find a true curvilinear effect, if present. No evidence in favor of t...
Objective: Partialing procedures are frequently used in psychological research. The present study... more Objective: Partialing procedures are frequently used in psychological research. The present study sought to further explore the consequences of partialing, focusing on the replicability of partialing-based results. Method: We used popular measures of the Dark Triad (DT; Machiavellianism, narcissism, and psychopathy) to explore the replicability of partialing procedures. We examined whether the residual content of popular DT scales are similar to the residual content of DT scales derived from separate samples based on relations with individual items from the IPIP-NEO-120, allowing for a fine-grained analysis of residual variable content. Results: Profiles were compared using three sample sizes (Small N=156-157, Moderate N = 313-314, Large N = 627-628) randomly drawn from a large MTurk sample (N = 1,255). There was low convergence among original/residual DT scales within samples. Additionally, results showed the content of residual Dirty Dozen scales was not similar across samples. Si...
Following the introduction of the DSM-5 Section III Alternative Model of Personality Disorder (AM... more Following the introduction of the DSM-5 Section III Alternative Model of Personality Disorder (AMPD), much of the empirical attention has been directed towards testing the performance of Criterion B (i.e., pathological traits). Much more recently, with the development of assessment tools related to Criterion A (i.e., personality impairment), a burgeoning literature base is forming for it as well. A closer look at the Criterion A component, however, reveals disagreements around its structure, discriminant validity, ability to distinguish between personality-based and non-personality-based forms of psychopathology, overlap between the two criteria, and incremental validity. The goal of the current study (N = 365 undergraduates) was to test Criterion A in relation to both pathological personality traits, as specified in the DSM-5, as well as general personality traits as suggested might be more appropriate by some scholars. The results suggest that impairment domains overlap substantia...
This chapter reviews the current state of the narcissism and NPD literature highlighting areas of... more This chapter reviews the current state of the narcissism and NPD literature highlighting areas of progress, points of continued debate, and areas for future research. After a brief review of narcissism’s origins, current conceptualizations of the construct are discussed beginning first with NPD and continuing with narcissism’s grandiose and vulnerable dimensions. Grandiose narcissism represents the prototypical manifestation of the construct, while vulnerable narcissism is more commonly observed in clinical settings. A review of grandiose and vulnerable narcissisms’ nomological networks makes it clear that both manifestations can yield significant impairment, albeit of different forms. Converging evidence for a three-dimensional (i.e., “trifurcated”) model of narcissism, which allows for an integrated understanding of its grandiose and vulnerable dimensions is presented. We argue that general application of the trifurcated model is necessary to provide further clarity to the narciss...
Psychopathy is characterized by a constellation of traits including callousness, superficial char... more Psychopathy is characterized by a constellation of traits including callousness, superficial charm, grandiosity, exploitativeness, irresponsibility, and impulsivity (e.g., Cleckley, 1941; Hare, 2003). Despite longstanding interest, the nature and scope of the construct as well as the centrality and sufficiency of its components remain debated (i.e., Fearless Dominance/Boldness; Miller & Lynam, 2012; Lilienfeld et al., 2012). Recently, the Triarchic Model of Psychopathy (TriPM; Patrick, Fowles, & Krueger, 2009) has garnered considerable interest, positing that psychopathy can be characterized by three partially overlapping, phenotypic domains: Boldness, Meanness, and Disinhibition. The present meta-analysis sought to examine the relations between these domains and other well-validated psychopathy measures and theoretically relevant outcomes in its nomological network. Across outcomes, Meanness and Disinhibition demonstrated robust convergent and criterion validity with other models o...
Although psychopathy remains to be one of the most well-studied and validated personality disorde... more Although psychopathy remains to be one of the most well-studied and validated personality disorders, debate remains regarding the necessity and sufficiency of fearless dominance/boldness. The crux of this debate revolves around the robust relations boldness shares with adaptive outcomes (e.g., self-esteem) and the limited relations it evinces with psychopathy’s other features and theoretically-relevant outcomes. Nevertheless, boldness also typically exhibits moderate to large relations with grandiose narcissism; however, these relations are less frequently examined at the factor level. The aim of the present study was to conduct a comprehensive examination of the relations between psychopathic boldness, narcissism, and other adaptive features in a large, Amazon Mechanical Turk sample (N = 591). Consistent with previous findings, boldness exhibited moderate to large relations with grandiose narcissism; however, the use of a trifurcated three-factor model of narcissism demonstrates th...
Fearless Dominance (FD) generally manifests null to small relations with externalizing problems, ... more Fearless Dominance (FD) generally manifests null to small relations with externalizing problems, leading some researchers to propose alternative paths by which FD may relate to these problems. The current study provides a test of two possibilities, namely that FD (a) demonstrates curvilinear relations with externalizing problems such that it is associated with these problems only at high levels; and (b) interacts statistically with other features of psychopathy such that FD is associated with externalizing problems at high levels of other psychopathic traits. We used a large correctional sample and item-response theory-related statistics to precisely estimate individuals’ scores at the extremes of each major psychopathic trait. FD traits were not significantly associated with externalizing problems at higher levels of FD traits or in interaction with other psychopathic traits. In those few cases in which FD traits displayed curvilinear relations, they were negatively associated with...
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Papers by Donald Lynam