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Iyakar Burkina-Faso da Nijar

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Iyakar Burkina-Faso da Nijar
border (en) Fassara, land boundary (en) Fassara da international border (en) Fassara
Bayanai
Bangare na borders of Burkina Faso (en) Fassara da borders of Niger (en) Fassara
Ƙasa Burkina Faso da Nijar
Applies to jurisdiction (en) Fassara Burkina Faso da Nijar
Wuri
Map
 11°54′N 2°25′E / 11.9°N 2.41°E / 11.9; 2.41
Taswirar iyakar Burkina Faso da Nijar

Iyakar Burkina-Faso da Nijar 622 ne km (386 m) a tsayi kuma yana tafiya ne daga mahaɗan tare da Mali a arewa zuwa tripoint tare da Benin a kudu.

Iyakar ta fara ne a gabar da Mali da ke arewa, sannan kuma ta ci gaba zuwa gaba zuwa kudu maso gabas (sai dai don dan ƙaramin burkin Burkinabe) biyo bayan jerin layuka da yawa waɗanda suka fi yawa, sannan da kuma wasu koguna kamar su Tapoa, kafin su isa filin wasan Benin akan Kogin Mékrou.[1][2][3][4][5][6]

A shekara ta 1880s sun ga gasa mai ƙarfi tsakanin Turawan Turai don yankuna a Afirka, tsarin da aka sani da Scramble don Afirka . Tsarin ya ƙare a taron Berlin na 1884, wanda ƙasashen Turai da abin ya shafa suka amince da da'awar ƙasarsu da ƙa'idodin alkawalin ci gaba. Sakamakon wannan Faransa ta sami ikon mallakar babban kwarin Kogin Neja (wanda yayi dai-dai da yankunan Mali da Niger na zamani). Faransa ta fara mamaye yankin na Mali na zamani (wanda ake kira Sudan ta Faransa ) da Burkina Faso (wanda ake kira da Upper Volta ) a tsakanin shekarun 1880 zuwa 90, daga baya ta mamaye yankin Neja ta zamani a shekara ta 1900. Waɗannan yankuna sun sami ikon mallakar mulkin mallaka na tarayya na Afirka ta Yamma ta Faransa ( Afrique occidentale française, wanda aka taƙaita AOF). [7] Rarraba cikin gida na wannan siyasa ya sami canje-canje da yawa yayin wanzuwarta; abin da ke yanzu Mali, Nijar da Burkina Faso an hade su da farko kamar Upper Senegal da Niger, tare da Nijar da ke kafa yankin sojoji da aka yi wa mulkin mallaka daga Zinder . An raba yankin kasar ta Neja a shekara ta 1911, ya zama wani yanki na daban a shekara ta 1922, sannan aka sanya Mali da Upper Volta a matsayin yankuna daban daban a shekara ta 1919. Kafin 1926-27 an kafa iyakar Nijar da Upper Volta gaba ɗaya ta kogin Neja, amma a cikin wancan lokacin ta dokar Faransa Faransa ta sami yankunan yamma da kogin da yake riƙe a yau. An iyakance iyakar iyakar sassan biyu a cikin shekara ta 1927. A cikin shekara ta 1932 an dakatar da Volta ta ,asa, tare da keɓance yankin daga cikin yankunan da ke kewaye; Sakamakon haka Nijar ta sami yawancin yankunan gabashin Upper Volta, tare da ba ta iyaka tare da ƙasashen Faransa da Togo da Ivory Coast suka yi wa mulkin mallaka. An sake sanya Upper Volta a cikin shekara t 1947 a cikin kan iyakokinta na baya.

Yammacin Afirka ta Faransa, a lokacin lokacin da aka raba Burkina Faso tsakanin yankunan da ke kewaye da ita

Yayin da yunkurin mamaye mulkin mallaka ya karu a bayan yakin duniya na biyu, a hankali Faransa ta ba da karin 'yancin siyasa da wakilci ga yankunanta na Afirka, wanda hakan ya kai ga ba da ikon mallakar cikin gida ga kowane yanki a cikin shekara ta 1958 a cikin tsarin ofungiyar Faransa . A watan Agustan shekara ta 1960 kasashen Nijer da Upper Volta (wadanda aka sauya wa suna zuwa Burkina Faso a shekara ta 1984) suka sami cikakken 'yanci, kuma iyakar yankinsu ta zama ta kasa da kasa tsakanin kasashe biyu masu iko. A ranar 23 ga Yunin shekara ta 1964 sabbin gwamnatocin biyu suka hadu kuma suka amince a hukumance don sasanta iyakar da suka raba, amma dai da alama babu wani shiri na karshe da ya fito daga waɗannan tattaunawar Cikakken iyakar kan iyaka ya kasance bai cika ba har zuwa karshen shekara ta 1980, duk da haka rigingimu game da fassarar mulkin mallaka Yarjejeniyar kan iyaka ta sa jihohin biyu suka gabatar da rikicin ga Kotun Duniya a shekara y 2010. Bayan haka ICJ ta yanke hukunci a kan rikicin a cikin shekara ta 2013, yana ba da shawarar wasu ƙananan musayar yankuna, waɗanda gwamnatocin biyu suka yarda da su.

Burkina Faso

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Ketare kan iyaka

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Akwai hanyoyin wucewa da yawa. Wanda aka fi amfani da shi shine mararraba Sambalgou (BF) –Makalondi (Niger) wanda yake kan babbar hanyar Ouagadougou-Niamey. [8]

  • Alakar Burkina Faso da Nijar
  1. Haine, Scott (2000). The History of France (1st ed.). Greenwood Press. p. 183. ISBN 0-313-30328-2.
  2. Frontier Dispute (Burkina Faso/Niger), ICJ, retrieved 8 November 2019
  3. Burkina Faso and Niger refer border dispute to UN World Court, UN News, retrieved 21 July 2019
  4. Burkina Faso and Niger settle border dispute, Durham University IBRU, 22 May 2015, retrieved 8 November 2019
  5. Niger and Burkina Faso Resolve Territorial Dispute, Political Geography Now, 25 April 2013, retrieved 8 November 2019
  6. Case Concerning the Burkina-Niger boundary (PDF), ICJ, 20 April 2011, archived from the original (PDF) on 19 October 2017, retrieved 8 November 2019
  7. Decree 7 September 1911, rattachant le territoire militaire du Niger au gouvernement général de l'Afrique occidentale française, published in the Official Journal of the French Republic on 12 Septembre 1911 (Online)
  8. Geels, Jolijn, (2006) Bradt Travel Guide - Niger, pgs. 47