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Galileo Galilei

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Galileo Galilei
Rayuwa
Cikakken suna Galileo di Vincenzo Bonaiuti de' Galilei
Haihuwa Pisa (en) Fassara, 15 ga Faburairu, 1564
ƙasa Duchy of Florence (en) Fassara
Grand Duchy of Tuscany (en) Fassara
Mazauni Pisa (en) Fassara
Padua (en) Fassara
Florence (en) Fassara
Mutuwa Arcetri (en) Fassara, 8 ga Janairu, 1642
Makwanci Basilica of Santa Croce (en) Fassara
Tomb of Galileo Galilei (en) Fassara
Ƴan uwa
Mahaifi Vincenzo Galilei
Mahaifiya Giulia Ammannati
Abokiyar zama Not married
Ma'aurata Marina Gamba (en) Fassara
Yara
Ahali Michelagnolo Galilei (en) Fassara
Karatu
Makaranta University of Pisa (en) Fassara
(1581 - 1585) : medicine (en) Fassara, Lissafi
Thesis director Ostilio Ricci (en) Fassara
Dalibin daktanci Giuseppe Biancani (en) Fassara
Benedetto Castelli (en) Fassara
Mario Guiducci (en) Fassara
Vincenzo Viviani (en) Fassara
Harsuna Harshen Latin
Italiyanci
Ɗalibai
Sana'a
Sana'a Ilimin Taurari, mai falsafa, masanin lissafi, physicist (en) Fassara, inventor (en) Fassara, astrologer (en) Fassara, polymath (en) Fassara, university teacher (en) Fassara, scientist (en) Fassara, injiniya da mai falsafa
Wurin aiki Pisa (en) Fassara, Padua (en) Fassara da Florence (en) Fassara
Employers University of Pisa (en) Fassara  (1589 -
University of Padua (en) Fassara  (1592 -
Muhimman ayyuka Galilean transformation (en) Fassara
equations for a falling body (en) Fassara
Kyaututtuka
Mamba Accademia della Crusca (en) Fassara
Lincean Academy (en) Fassara
Accademia delle Arti del Disegno (en) Fassara
Imani
Addini Latin Church (en) Fassara
Masanin kimiyar lissafi
wannan gunkin Galileo di Gaetano ne
Galileo Galilei

Galileo di Vincenzo Bonaiuti de' Galilei (15 Fabrairu 1564 - 8 Janairun shekarar 1642) masanin taurari dan Italiya ne, masanin kimiyyar lissafi kuma injiniya, wani lokacin ana kwatanta shi azaman polymath. Wanda aka fi sani da Galileo, kiran sunansa /ˌɡælɪ ˈleɪ.oʊˌælɪ ˈleɪ.iˌ/(GAL-ih-LAY-oh GAL-ih-LAY-ee, Italian: [ɡaliˈlɛːo ɡaliˈlɛi] ). An haife shi a birnin Pisa, sannan wani yanki na Duchy na Florence. Galileo an kira shi "father" of observational astronomy, kimiyyar lissafi na zamani, hanyar kimiyya, [1] da kimiyyar zamani.

Galileo yayi karatun speed and velocity, gravity and free fall, the principle relativity , inertia, projectile motion kuma ya yi aiki a cikin ilimin kimiyya da fasaha, yana kwatanta kaddarorin pendulums da " ma'aunin hydrostatic". Ya kuma ƙirƙira ma'aunin zafi da sanyio da kamfas ɗin soja daban-daban, kuma ya yi amfani da na'urar hangen nesa don nazarin kimiyyar abubuwan sararin samaniya. Gudunmawar da ya bayar ga ilimin taurarin kallo sun haɗa da tabbatarwa ta telescopic matakan Venus, kallon manyan tauraron dan adam guda huɗu na Jupiter, duban zoben Saturn, dakuma kuma nazarin ramukan wata da wuraren rana.

Gasar Galileo na Copernican heliocentrism (Duniya tana jujjuya kowace rana da kewaya rana) ya gamu da adawa daga cikin Cocin Katolika da kuma wasu masana ilmin taurari. Ƙwararrun Ƙwararru ta Roma ta binciki lamarin a shekara ta 1615, wadda ta kammala cewa heliocentrism wauta ce, wauta, da bidi’a tun da ya ci karo da Nassi Mai Tsarki. [2] [3] [4]

Galileo Galilei

Galileo daga baya ya kare ra'ayinsa a cikin Tattaunawa Game da Manyan Tsarin Duniya na Biyu a shekara ta (1632), wanda ya bayyana ya kai hari ga Paparoma Urban na VIII kuma ta haka ya nisanta duka Paparoma da Jesuits, wadanda suka goyi bayan Galileo har zuwa wannan lokacin. [2] An gwada shi ta hanyar Inquisition, aka same shi "wanda ake zargi da bidi'a sosai", kuma aka tilasta masa ya daina. Ya yi sauran rayuwarsa a tsare. [5] [6] A wannan lokacin, ya rubuta Sabbin Kimiyya biyu (1638), musamman game da kinematics da strength of material, yana taƙaita ayyukan da ya yi kusan shekaru arba'in da suka gabata.

Ƙuruciya da iyali

[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

An haifi Galileo a Pisa (sa'an nan kuma wani ɓangare na Duchy na Florence), Italiya, a ranar 15 ga watan Fabrairu 1564, na farko cikin yara shida na Vincenzo Galilei, ɗan lutenist, mawaki, kuma masanin kade-kade, da Giulia Ammannati, wanda ya yi aure. a shekara ta 1562. Galileo ya zama ƙwararren lutenist da kansa kuma da ya koya da wuri daga mahaifinsa wani shakku ga kafaffen iko. [7]

Uku daga cikin ’yan’uwan Galileo biyar sun tsira daga ƙuruciya. Karamin, Michelangelo (ko Michelagnolo), kuma ya zama lutenist kuma mawaki wanda ya kara wa Galileo nauyin kudi na sauran rayuwarsa. [7] Michelangelo ya kasa ba da gudummawar kaso mai kyau na sadakin da mahaifinsu ya yi alkawari ga surukansu, wanda daga baya za su yi ƙoƙarin neman hanyoyin biyan kuɗi. Michelangelo shima lokaci-lokaci yakan sami rancen kuɗi daga Galileo don tallafawa ƙoƙarin kiɗan sa da balaguron balaguro. Wataƙila waɗannan nauyin kuɗi sun sa Galileo ya fara sha’awar ƙirƙirar abubuwan da za su kawo masa ƙarin kuɗi. [7]

Lokacin da Galileo Galilei yana da shekaru takwas, danginsa sun ƙaura zuwa Florence, amma an bar shi ƙarƙashin kulawar Muzio Tedaldi na tsawon shekaru biyu. Sa’ad da Galileo ya kai shekaru goma, ya bar Pisa ya shiga iyalinsa a Florence kuma a can yana ƙarƙashin kulawar Jacopo Borghini. Ya sami ilimi, musamman a cikin dabaru, daga 1575 zuwa 1578 a Vallombrosa Abbey, kusan 30. km kudu maso gabashin Florence. [8] [9]

Galileo ya kasance yana nufin kansa kawai da sunan da aka ba shi. A lokacin, sunayen sunaye na zaɓi ne a Italiya, kuma sunansa da aka ba shi yana da asali iri ɗaya da sunan danginsa na wani lokaci, Galilei. Dukansu sunansa da danginsa sun samo asali ne daga kakanni, Galileo Bonaiuti, wani muhimmin likita, farfesa, kuma ɗan siyasa a Florence a cikin karni na 15. [10] Galileo Bonaiuti an binne shi a cikin coci guda, Basilica na Santa Croce a Florence, inda bayan shekaru 200 kuma aka binne Galileo Galilei. [11]

Galileo Galilei

Lokacin da ya ambaci kansa da suna sama da ɗaya, wani lokaci ya zama Galileo Galilei Linceo, yana nuni da kasancewarsa memba na Accademia dei Lincei, ƙungiyar ƙwararrun masana kimiyya a Italiya. Ya zama ruwan dare ga dangin Tuscan na tsakiyar karni na goma sha shida su sanya sunan babban ɗan bayan sunan mahaifi. [10] Saboda haka, Galileo Galilei ba lallai ne a sanya masa sunan kakansa Galileo Bonaiuti ba. Namijin Italiyanci da aka ba suna "Galileo" (sannan kuma sunan sunan "Galilei") ya samo asali ne daga Latin "Galileus", ma'ana "na Galili ", yanki mai mahimmanci na Littafi Mai-Tsarki a Arewacin Isra'ila. [10] Saboda wannan yanki, sifa galilaios (Greek Γαλιλαῖος, Latin Galilaeus, Italiyanci Galileo), wanda ke nufin "Galilean", an yi amfani dashi a zamanin da (musamman ta sarki Julian) don nufin Kristi da mabiyansa. [12]



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[gyara sashe | gyara masomin]

Galileo di Vincenzo Bonaiuti de' Galilei (an haifeshi a ranar 15 ga watan Fabrairu shekarata alif 1564 -zuwa ranar 8 ga watan Janairu shekarata alif 1642) masanin taurari dan Italiya ne, masanin kimiyyar lissafi kuma injiniya, wani lokacin ana kwatanta shi azaman polymath .

Ya ƙirƙiro na'urar tantance ma'aunin zafi da sanyin jiki da na'urorin soji daban-daban, ya kuma yi amfani da na'urar hangen nesa don duba kimiyyar abubuwan sararin samaniya

Gasar Galileo na Copernican heliocentrism (Duniya tana jujjuya kowace rana da kewaya rana) ya gamu da adawa daga cikin Cocin Katolika da kuma wasu masana ilmin taurari.

  1. Thomas Hobbes: Critical Assessments, Volume 1.
  2. 2.0 2.1 Hannam 2009.
  3. Sharratt 1994.
  4. Finocchiaro 2010.
  5. Finocchiaro 1997.
  6. Hilliam 2005.
  7. 7.0 7.1 7.2 Gribbin 2008.
  8. Empty citation (help)
  9. Empty citation (help)
  10. 10.0 10.1 10.2 Sobel 2000.
  11. Robin Santos Doak, Galileo: Astronomer and Physicist, Capstone, 2005, p. 89.
  12. Against the Galilaeans