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AMP HTML URL Variable Substitutions

Overview

Various AMP features allow variables to be used inside of strings and substituted with the corresponding actual values. For example, amp-pixel allows expressions like this:

<amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?RANDOM"></amp-pixel>

RANDOM gets resolved to a randomly generated value and AMP replaces it in the request string:

https://foo.com/pixel?0.8390278471201

The following table lists the features that enable variable substitutions, as well as several properties that govern usage:

AMP Feature URL limitations Requires per-use opt-in? Restrictions
amp-analytics
Detailed documentation		 Requests must be HTTPS URLs (not a requirement specific to variable substitutions) No None
amp-list
Detailed documentation		 Requests must be HTTPS URLs (not a requirement specific to variable substitutions) Yes, if fetching cross-origin resources via [src] attribute binding. Otherwise, no. Read more about per-use opt-in None
amp-pixel
Detailed documentation		 Requests must be HTTPS URLs (not a requirement specific to variable substitutions) No None
amp-state
Detailed documentation		 Requests must be HTTPS URLs (not a requirement specific to variable substitutions) Yes, if fetching cross-origin resources via [src] attribute binding. Otherwise, no. Read more about per-use opt-in None
Links (<a>) HTTPS URL and URL matching either:
  • Page’s source origin
  • Page’s canonical origin
  • An origin allowlisted via the amp-link-variable-allowed-origin meta tag
 Yes, via space-delimited attribute data-amp-replace. Read more about per-use opt-in Only these variables are supported: CLIENT_ID and QUERY_PARAM.
See the section on "substitution timing" for further notes
Form inputs
Detailed documentation		 Requests must be HTTPS URLs (not a requirement specific to variable substitutions) Yes, via space-delimited attribute data-amp-replace. Read more about per-use opt-in See the section on "substitution timing" for further notes

Substitution timing

Variable substitutions that are dependent on a user action like links and form inputs may not occur if the value has not yet been computed.

Please take note of the following scenarios:

  • CLIENT_ID is available once it has been computed. This can be accomplished through use by another feature such as amp-analytics or amp-pixel. Note that CLIENT_ID may also be blocked on an amp-user-notification that is pending acceptance.
  • Asynchronously resolved variables are not available

Restrictions

The host string of an URL does not accept variables. It fails on AMP cache.

Variable substitution in links

Variable substitution is available in links, i.e. <a href="..."></a>.

Only these variables are supported:

  • CLIENT_ID
  • QUERY_PARAM(argument)

Per-use opt-in

Link substitution requires per-use opt-in as an added security measure and to affirm the intention to use variable substitution. This is done by specifying an additional attribute called data-amp-replace with a string value containing a space-delimited listing of the desired variables to substitute. An example is below.

<a
  href="https://example.com?client_id=CLIENT_ID(bar)&abc=QUERY_PARAM(abc)"
  data-amp-replace="CLIENT_ID QUERY_PARAM"
  >Go to my site</a
>

Appending parameters to the href

If you need to append dynamic parameters to the href, specify the parameters by using the data-amp-addparams attribute. Any substitution parameters that you specify in data-amp-addparams must also be specified in data-amp-replace, as in the following example

<a
  href="https://example.com?abc=QUERY_PARAM(abc)"
  data-amp-replace="CLIENT_ID QUERY_PARAM"
  data-amp-addparams="client_id=CLIENT_ID(bar)&linkid=l123"
  >Go to my site</a
>

Allow listed domains for link substitution

Link substitutions are restricted and will only be fulfilled for URLs matching:

  • The page’s source origin
  • The page’s canonical origin
  • An allowlisted origin

To allowlist an origin, include a amp-link-variable-allowed-origin meta tag in the head of your document. To specify multiple domains, separate each domain with a space.

<meta
  name="amp-link-variable-allowed-origin"
  content="https://example.com https://example.org"
/>

Variables

The tables below list the available URL variables grouped by type of usage. Further down in this document, are descriptions of each of the variables, along with example usages.

Page and Content

Variable Name Platform Variable amp-analytics Variable
AMP Document Host AMPDOC_HOST ${ampdocHost}
AMP Document Hostname AMPDOC_HOSTNAME ${ampdocHostname}
AMP Document URL AMPDOC_URL ${ampdocUrl}
Canonical Host CANONICAL_HOST ${canonicalHost}
Canonical Hostname CANONICAL_HOSTNAME ${canonicalHostname}
Canonical Path CANONICAL_PATH ${canonicalPath}
Canonical URL CANONICAL_URL ${canonicalUrl}
Counter COUNTER ${counter}
Document Charset DOCUMENT_CHARSET ${documentCharset}
Document Referrer DOCUMENT_REFERRER ${documentReferrer}
External Referrer EXTERNAL_REFERRER ${externalReferrer}
HTML Attributes HTML_ATTR ${htmlAttr}
Source URL SOURCE_URL ${sourceUrl}
Source Host SOURCE_HOST ${sourceHost}
Source Hostname SOURCE_HOSTNAME ${sourceHostname}
Source Path SOURCE_PATH ${sourcePath}
Title TITLE ${title}
Viewer VIEWER ${viewer}

Performance

Variable Name Platform Variable amp-analytics Variable
Content Load Time CONTENT_LOAD_TIME ${contentLoadTime}
Cumulative Layout Shift N/A ${cumulativeLayoutShift}
Domain Lookup Time DOMAIN_LOOKUP_TIME ${domainLookupTime}
DOM Interactive Time DOM_INTERACTIVE_TIME ${domInteractiveTime}
First Contentful Paint N/A ${firstContentfulPaint}
First Input Delay N/A ${firstInputDelay}
Interaction To Next Paint N/A ${interactionToNextPaint}
Largest Contentful Paint N/A ${largestContentfulPaint}
Navigation Redirect Count NAV_REDIRECT_COUNT ${navRedirectCount}
Navigation Timing NAV_TIMING ${navTiming}
Navigation Type NAV_TYPE ${navType}
Page Download Time PAGE_DOWNLOAD_TIME ${pageDownloadTime}
Page Load Time PAGE_LOAD_TIME ${pageLoadTime}
Redirect Time REDIRECT_TIME ${redirectTime}
Server Response Time SERVER_RESPONSE_TIME ${serverResponseTime}
TCP Connection Time TCP_CONNECT_TIME ${tcpConnectTime}

Device and Browser

Variable Name Platform Variable amp-analytics Variable
Available Screen Height AVAILABLE_SCREEN_HEIGHT ${availableScreenHeight}
Available Screen Width AVAILABLE_SCREEN_WIDTH ${availableScreenWidth}
Browser Language BROWSER_LANGUAGE ${browserLanguage}
Screen Color Depth SCREEN_COLOR_DEPTH ${screenColorDepth}
Screen Height SCREEN_HEIGHT ${screenHeight}
Screen Width SCREEN_WIDTH ${screenWidth}
Scroll Height SCROLL_HEIGHT ${scrollHeight}
Scroll Width SCROLL_WIDTH ${scrollWidth}
Scroll Left N/A ${scrollLeft}
Scroll Top N/A ${scrollTop}
Timezone TIMEZONE ${timezone}
Timezone Code N/A ${timezoneCode}
User Agent USER_AGENT ${userAgent}
User Agent Client Hint UACH ${uach}
Viewport Height VIEWPORT_HEIGHT ${viewportHeight}
Viewport Width VIEWPORT_WIDTH ${viewportWidth}

Interaction

Variable Name Platform Variable amp-analytics Variable
Horizontal Scroll Boundary N/A ${horizontalScrollBoundary}
Total Engaged Time TOTAL_ENGAGED_TIME ${totalEngagedTime}
Incremental Engaged Time INCREMENTAL_ENGAGED_TIME ${incrementalEngagedTime}
Vertical Scroll Boundary N/A ${verticalScrollBoundary}

Visibility

Variable Name Platform Variable amp-analytics Variable
Backgrounded N/A ${backgrounded}
Backgrounded At Start N/A ${backgroundedAtStart}
Carousel From Slide N/A ${fromSlide}
Carousel To Slide N/A ${toSlide}
Element Id N/A ${elementId}
Element Height N/A ${elementHeight}
Element Width N/A ${elementWidth}
Element X N/A ${elementX}
Element Y N/A ${elementY}
First Seen Time N/A ${firstSeenTime}
First Visible Time N/A ${firstVisibleTime}
Initial Scroll Depth N/A ${initialScrollDepth}
Intersection Ratio N/A ${intersectionRatio}
Intersection Rect N/A ${intersectionRect}
Last Seen Time N/A ${lastSeenTime}
Last Visible Time N/A ${lastVisibleTime}
Load Time Visibility N/A ${loadTimeVisibility}
Max Continuous Visible Time N/A ${maxContinuousVisibleTime}
Max Scroll Depth N/A ${maxScrollDepth}
Max Visible Percentage N/A ${maxVisiblePercentage}
Min Visible Percentage N/A ${minVisiblePercentage}
Total Time N/A ${totalTime}
Total Visible Time N/A ${totalVisibleTime}

Timers

Variable Name Platform Variable amp-analytics Variable
Timer Duration N/A ${timerDuration}
Timer Start Time N/A ${timerStart}

AMP Components

Variable Name Platform Variable amp-analytics Variable Required AMP Components
Variant VARIANT N/A <amp-experiment>
Variants VARIANTS N/A <amp-experiment>
Geolocation AMP_GEO ${ampGeo} <amp-geo>

Analytics Advanced Variable Syntax

Variable Name Platform Variable amp-analytics Variable
Default N/A $DEFAULT
SubStr N/A $SUBSTR
Trim N/A $TRIM
ToLowerCase N/A $TOLOWERCASE
ToUpperCase N/A $TOUPPERCASE
Not N/A $NOT
Base64 N/A $BASE64
Hash N/A $HASH
If N/A $IF
Replace N/A $REPLACE
Match N/A $MATCH
Equals N/A $EQUALS
Simple Calculations N/A $CALC

Miscellaneous

Variable Name Platform Variable amp-analytics Variable
AMP Version AMP_VERSION ${ampVersion}
AMP State AMP_STATE ${ampState}
Background State BACKGROUND_STATE ${backgroundState}
Client ID CLIENT_ID ${clientId}
Extra URL Parameters N/A ${extraUrlParams}
Page View ID PAGE_VIEW_ID ${pageViewId}
Page View ID 64 PAGE_VIEW_ID_64 ${pageViewId64}
Query Parameter QUERY_PARAM ${queryParam}
Random RANDOM ${random}
Request Count N/A ${requestCount}
Timestamp TIMESTAMP ${timestamp}
Error Name N/A ${errorName}
Error Message N/A ${errorMessage}

Variable Descriptions

AMP Document Host

Provides the AMP document's URL host.

  • platform variable: AMPDOC_HOST
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?host=AMPDOC_HOST"></amp-pixel>
    Makes a request to something like https://foo.com/pixel?host=example.com:8080.
  • amp-analytics variable: ${ampdocHost}
    • Example value: example.com

AMP Document Hostname

Provides the AMP document's URL hostname.

  • platform variable: AMPDOC_HOSTNAME
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?hostname=AMPDOC_HOSTNAME"></amp-pixel>
    Makes a request to something like https://foo.com/pixel?hostname=example.com.
  • amp-analytics variable: ${ampdocHostname}
    • Example value: example.com

AMP Document URL

Provides the AMP document's URL. The URL contains the scheme, domain, port and full path. It does not contain the fragment part of the URL.

  • platform variable: AMPDOC_URL
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?ref=AMPDOC_URL"></amp-pixel>
    Makes a request to something like https://foo.com/pixel?ref=https%3A%2F%2Frp.liu233w.com%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fexample.com%2F.
  • amp-analytics variable: ${ampdocUrl}
    • Example value: http://example.com:8000/examples/analytics.amp.html

AMP State

Pulls a value from the provided AMP state key.

  • platform variable: AMP_STATE
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?bar=AMP_STATE(foo.bar)"></amp-pixel>
    If foo.bar exists in the AMP state, the corresponding value is inserted into the pixel src.
  • amp-analytics variable: ${ampState}
    • Example value: ${ampState(foo.bar)}: If foo.bar is available, its associated value is returned; otherwise, null is returned.

AMP Version

Provides a string with the AMP release version.

  • platform variable: AMP_VERSION
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?v=AMP_VERSION"></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${ampVersion}
    • Example value: 1460655576651

Available Screen Height

Provides the screen height in pixels available for the page rendering. This value can be slightly more or less than the actual viewport size because of various browser quirks.

  • platform variable: AVAILABLE_SCREEN_HEIGHT
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel
  src="https://foo.com/pixel?availScreenHeight=AVAILABLE_SCREEN_HEIGHT"
></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${availableScreenHeight}
    • Example value: 1480

Available Screen Width

Provides the screen width in pixels available for the page rendering. This value can be slightly more or less than the actual viewport height due to various browser quirks.

  • platform variable: AVAILABLE_SCREEN_WIDTH
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel
  src="https://foo.com/pixel?availScreenWidth=AVAILABLE_SCREEN_WIDTH"
></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${availableScreenWidth}
    • Example value: 2500

Backgrounded

A binary variable with possible values of 1 and 0 to indicate that the page/tab was sent to background at any point before the hit was sent. 1 indicates that the page was backgrounded while 0 indicates that the page has always been in the foreground. This variable does not count prerender as a backgrounded state.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${backgrounded}

Backgrounded At Start

A binary variable with possible values of 1 and 0 to indicate that the page/tab was backgrounded at the time when the page was loaded. 1 indicates that the page was loaded in the background while 0 indicates otherwise. This variable does not count prerender as a backgrounded state.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${backgroundedAtStart}

Background State

Provides the current background state of the page. Possible values are 0, the page is visible, or 1, the page is backgrounded.

  • platform variable: BACKGROUND_STATE
  • amp-analytics variable: ${backgroundState}

Browser Language

Provides a string representing the preferred language of the user, usually the language of the browser UI.

  • platform variable: BROWSER_LANGUAGE
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?lang=BROWSER_LANGUAGE"></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${browserLanguage}
    • Example value: en-us

Canonical Host

Provides the canonical document's URL host.

  • platform variable: CANONICAL_HOST
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?host=CANONICAL_HOST"></amp-pixel>
    Makes a request to something like https://foo.com/pixel?host=pinterest.com:9000.
  • amp-analytics variable: ${canonicalHost}
    • Example value: http://pinterest.com:9000

Canonical Hostname

Provides the canonical document's URL hostname.

  • platform variable: CANONICAL_HOSTNAME
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel
  src="https://foo.com/pixel?hostname=CANONICAL_HOSTNAME"
></amp-pixel>
    Makes a request to something like https://foo.com/pixel?host=pinterest.com.
  • amp-analytics variable: ${canonicalHostname}
    • Example value: pinterest.com

Canonical Path

Provides the canonical document's URL path.

  • platform variable: CANONICAL_PATH
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?path=CANONICAL_PATH"></amp-pixel>
    Makes a request to something like https://foo.com/pixel?path=%2Fpage1.html.
  • amp-analytics variable: ${canonicalPath}
    • Example value: %2Fanalytics.html

Canonical URL

Provides the canonical document's URL.

  • platform variable: CANONICAL_URL
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?href=CANONICAL_URL"></amp-pixel>
    Makes a request to something like https://foo.com/pixel?href=https%3A%2F%2Frp.liu233w.com%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fpinterest.com%2F.
  • amp-analytics variable: ${canonicalUrl}
    • Example value: https%3A%2F%2Frp.liu233w.com%3A443%2Fhttp%2Fexample.com%3A8000%2Fanalytics.html

Carousel From Slide

Provides the amp-carousel slide from which the traversal happens. The value is either taken from the data-slide-id attribute of the slide when present, else it represents the index of the slide (starting from 0).

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${fromSlide}

For more information on analytics for amp-carousel, see AMP Carousel and Analytics.

Carousel To Slide

Provides the amp-carousel slide to which the traversal happens. The value is either taken from the data-slide-id attribute of the slide when present, else it represents the index of the slide (starting from 0).

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${toSlide}

For more information on analytics for amp-carousel, see AMP Carousel and Analytics.

Client ID

Provides a per document-source-origin (the origin of the website where you publish your AMP doc) and user identifier. The client ID will be the same for the same user if they visit again within one year. The client ID should behave roughly similar to a cookie storing a session ID for one year. If the AMP document is not served through the Google AMP Cache, the client ID is replaced with a cookie of the name of the cid scope argument (see below). If it is not present, a cookie will be set with the same name. These cookies will always have the prefix "amp-" followed by a random base64 encoded string.

  • platform variable: CLIENT_ID

    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel
  src="https://foo.com/pixel?cid=CLIENT_ID(cid-scope-cookie-fallback-name)"
></amp-pixel>

<amp-user-notification
  layout="nodisplay"
  id="user-consent"
  data-show-if-href="https://foo.com/api/show"
  data-dismiss-href="https://foo.com/api/dismissed"
>
  This site uses cookies to personalize content.
  <a href="">Learn more.</a>
  <button on="tap:user-consent.dismiss">I accept</button>
</amp-user-notification>

<!-- Client ID is not provided until `user-consent` is dismissed -->
<amp-pixel
  src="https://foo.com/pixel?cid=CLIENT_ID(cid-scope-cookie-fallback-name,user-consent)"
></amp-pixel>

  • amp-analytics variable: ${clientId}

    • Example usage: ${clientId(foo)}
    • Example value: U6XEpUs3yaeQyR2DKATQH1pTZ6kg140fvuLbtl5nynbUWtIodJxP5TEIYBic4qcV
Client ID arguments

You can pass the following arguments into the Client ID variable like a function. Spaces between arguments and values are not allowed.

  • cid scope (Required): The namespace for the Client ID.
  • amp-user-notification id (Optional): Use this argument to make the Client ID substitution dependent on the dismissal of a user notification shown to the visitor of the page. In amp-analytics, this is the same as using the data-consent-notification-id attribute -- you may choose to use either one for the amp-analytics component.
  • cookie name (Optional): The name of the fallback cookie when the document is not served by an AMP proxy. If not provided, cid scope will be used as the cookie name.
  • disable backup (Optional): If set to true, then will opt-out of storing the AMP generated CID in Storage as a backup when the document is not served by an AMP proxy. Otherwise, will default into this behavior.

Content Load Time

Provides the time the page takes to fire the DOMContentLoaded event from the time the previous page is unloaded. The value is in milliseconds.

  • platform variable: CONTENT_LOAD_TIME
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel
  src="https://foo.com/pixel?contentLoadTime=CONTENT_LOAD_TIME"
></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${contentLoadTime}
    • Example value: 40

Counter

Use COUNTER(name) to generate an index for the given request. Counts start at 1 and are per given name.

  • platform variable: COUNTER
  • amp-analytics variable: ${counter}

Document Charset

Provides the character encoding of the current document.

  • platform variable: DOCUMENT_CHARSET
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?charSet=DOCUMENT_CHARSET"></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${documentCharset}
    • Example value: UTF-8

Document Referrer

Provides the referrer where the user came from, which is read from document.referrer. The value is empty for direct visitors.

  • platform variable: DOCUMENT_REFERRER
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?referrer=DOCUMENT_REFERRER"></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${documentReferrer}
    • Example value: https://www.google.com

Domain Lookup Time

Provides the time it took to perform the DNS lookup for the current page. The value is in milliseconds.

  • platform variable: DOMAIN_LOOKUP_TIME
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel
  src="https://foo.com/pixel?domainLookupTime=DOMAIN_LOOKUP_TIME"
></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${domainLookupTime}
    • Example value: 1

DOM Interactive Time

Provides the time the page to become interactive from the time the previous page is unloaded. The value is in milliseconds.

  • platform variable: DOM_INTERACTIVE_TIME
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel
  src="https://foo.com/pixel?domInteractiveTime=DOM_INTERACTIVE_TIME"
></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${domInteractiveTime}
    • Example value: 40

Element Height

Provides the height of the element specified by visibilitySpec.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${elementHeight}

Element Width

Provides the width of the element specified by visibilitySpec.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${elementWidth}

Element X

Provides the absolute X coordinate of the left edge of the element specified by visibilitySpec.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${elementX}

Element Y

Provides the absolute Y coordinate of the top edge of the element specified by visibilitySpec.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${elementY}

Error Message

Provides the message of the error that triggered an user error event. This variable is only available in a trigger of type user-error

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${errorMessage}
    • Example value: Invalid multi-size data format

Experiment Variant

Provide the allocated variant information from the <amp-experiment> component. The allocated variant name is returned. The variable resolves to string none if no variant is allocated.

  • platform variable: VARIANT(experiment)
  • amp-analytics variable: N/A

Experiment Variants

Provide the all variants information from the <amp-experiment> component. The variable will be serialized in the following format.

  • platform variable: VARIANT(experiment)
  • amp-analytics variable: N/A
    • Example value: {experiment1}.{variant}!{experiment2}.{variant}...

Error Name

Provides the name of the error that triggered an user error event. This variable is only available in a trigger of type user-error

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${errorName}
    • Example value: AMP-AD

External Referrer

Provides the referrer where the user came from. Similar to Document Referrer, but the value is empty if user is navigated from same domain or the corresponding CDN proxy domain. Analytics vendor might prefer this value to Document Referrer for better session stitching, depending on the server side implementation.

  • platform variable: EXTERNAL_REFERRER
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?referrer=EXTERNAL_REFERRER"></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${externalReferrer}
    • Example value: https://www.google.com

Extra URL Parameters

Provides all the parameters that are defined in the extraUrlParams block of the amp-analytics config as a variable. If you use the extraUrlParams variable, the parameters are not appended to the end of the URL.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${extraUrlParams}
    • Example value: foo=bar&baz=something

First Seen Time

Provides the time when at least 1px of the element is on the screen for the first time since the page has become visible.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${firstSeenTime}

First Visible Time

Provides the time when the element met visibility conditions for the first time since the page has become visible.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${firstVisibleTime}

Geolocation

Provides the approximate, country level, location of the user provided by the amp-geo extension.

  • platform variable: AMP_GEO
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?geolocation=AMP_GEO"></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${ampGeo}
    • Example value: ca

Horizontal Scroll Boundary

Provides the horizontal scroll boundary that triggered a scroll event. This variable is only available in a trigger of type scroll. The value of the boundary may be rounded based on the precision supported by the extension. For example, a boundary with value 1 and precision of 5 will result in value of var to be 0.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${horizontalScrollBoundary}

HTML Attributes

Provides values of attributes of HTML elements inside of an amp-ad tag which match a given CSS selector. This only allows an amp-analytics tag to query attributes of HTML elements loaded by that amp-analytics tag's parent amp-ad tag. It will not allow a publisher to obtain information about the content of an ad, nor will it allow metrics of one ad to be seen by the provider of another ad on the page.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${htmlAttr}

Example:

"requests": {
    "sample_visibility_request": "//somewhere/imgData=${htmlAttr(img,src,decoding)}"
},

This will return the "src" and "decoding" attributes of img tags in the ad.

Caveats:

  • If the CSS selector matches 20 or more elements, an empty array will be returned. This is because traversing a large list of elements is inefficient.
  • Attributes of at most 10 elements will be returned.
  • If an element matches the CSS selector but has none of the requested attributes, that element will not be represented in the returned array.
  • The returned values will be in the form of a URL encoded JSON array of objects wherein the object keys are the requested attribute names and the object values are the elements' values for those attributes.
  • The CSS selector may contain only letters (upper- and/or lower-case), numbers, hyphens, underscores, and periods. Issue #14252 has been created to address potential future demand for more complex CSS selectors.

Initial Scroll Depth

Provides the scroll depth at the time the element was loaded, relative to the target. The value returned will be top/inside/bottom, indicating whether the target was scrolled inside the viewport, was offscreen above the top of the viewport, or was offscreen below the bottom of the viewport.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${initialScrollDepth}

Intersection Ratio

Provides the fraction of the target that is visible. The value will be between 0.0 and 1.0, inclusive. For more information, please see the IntersectionObserverEntry.intersectionRatio API documentation.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${intersectionRatio}

Intersection Rect

Provides the bounds of the rectangle defining the portion of the selected element that is visible. For more information, please see the IntersectionObserverEntry.intersectionRect API documentation.

Example value:

{"left":0,"top":74,"width":256,"height":226,"bottom":300,"right":256,"x":0,"y":74}
  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${intersectionRect}

Last Seen Time

Provides the time when at least 1px of the element is on the screen for the last time since the page has become visible.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${lastSeenTime}

Last Visible Time

Provides the time when the element met visibility conditions for the last time since the page has become visible.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${lastVisibleTime}

Load Time Visibility

Provides the percentage of element visible in the viewport when the page has first become visible. This variable assumes that the page is scrolled to top.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${loadTimeVisibility}

Max Continuous Visible Time

Provides the maximum amount of continuous time an element has met the visibilitySpec conditions at the time this ping is sent. Note that a ping with a continuousTimeMin=1000 and totalTimeMin=5000 that is visible for 1000ms, then not visible, then visible for 2000ms, then not, then visible for 1000ms, then not, then visible for 1020ms will report 2000 for this number as that is the max continuous visible time, even if it is not the current continuous visible time (1020 in this example).

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${maxContinuousVisibleTime}

Max Scroll Depth

Provides the maximum amount that the user has scrolled down the page, relative to the target. The value returned will be top/inside/bottom, indicating whether the target was scrolled inside the viewport, was offscreen above the top of the viewport, or was offscreen below the bottom of the viewport.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${maxScrollDepth}

Max Visible Percentage

Provides the maximum visible percentage over the time that visibilitySpec conditions were met. For example, a ping where the element was 100%, then off the page, then 100% will report this value as 100. A ping with visiblePercentageMax=50 undergoing the same transitions would report somewhere between 0 and 50 since any time when the element was 100% on the page would not be counted.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${maxVisiblePercentage}

Min Visible Percentage

Provides the minimum visible percentage over the time that visibilitySpec conditions were met. For example, a ping where the element was 100%, then off the page, then 100% will report this value as 0. A ping with visiblePercentageMin=50 condition undergoing the same transitions would report somewhere between 50 and 100 since any time when the element was 0% to 50% on the page would not be counted.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${minVisiblePercentage}

Navigation Redirect Count

Provides the number of redirects since the last non-redirect navigation. For more information, see the W3C Navigation Timing API PerformanceNavigation interface.

  • platform variable: NAV_REDIRECT_COUNT
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?nrc=NAV_REDIRECT_COUNT"></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${navRedirectCount}
    • Example value: 0

Navigation Timing

Provides access to metrics from the browser's PerformanceTiming interface. See the W3C Navigation Timing API PerformanceTiming interface documentation for attribute names and definitions.

  • platform variable: NAV_TIMING
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel
  src="https://foo.com/pixel?navStart=NAV_TIMING(navigationStart)&amp;pageLoadTime=NAV_TIMING(navigationStart,loadEventStart)"
></amp-pixel>
    Makes a request to something like https://foo.com/pixel?navStart=1451606400000&pageLoadTime=100.
  • amp-analytics variable: ${navTiming}
    • Example 1: ${navTiming(navigationStart)} results in value: 1451606400000
    • Example 2: ${navTiming(navigationStart,responseStart)} results in value: 10
Navigation Timing arguments

You can pass the following arguments into the Navigation Timing variable like a function. Spaces between arguments and values are not allowed.

  • startEvent (Required): The name of the PerformanceTiming interface attribute that corresponds to the start event.
  • endEvent (Optional): The name of the PerformanceTiming interface attribute that corresponds to the end event. If endEvent is passed, the value will be the time difference between the start and end events.

If both startEvent and endEvent arguments are passed, the value will be the time elapsed between the two events. Otherwise, if only startEvent argument is passed, the value will be the timestamp of the given event. The value is in milliseconds.

Navigation Type

Provides the type of the last non-redirect navigation in the current browsing context. See the W3C Navigation Timing API PerformanceNavigation interface for more information.

  • platform variable: NAV_TYPE
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?nt=NAV_TYPE"></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${navType}
    • Example value: 1

Page Download Time

Provides the time between receiving the first and the last byte of response. The value is in milliseconds.

  • platform variable: PAGE_DOWNLOAD_TIME
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel
  src="https://foo.com/pixel?pageDownloadTime=PAGE_DOWNLOAD_TIME"
></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${pageDownloadTime}
    • Example value: 100

Page Load Time

Provides the time taken to load the whole page. The value is calculated from the time unload event handler on previous page ends to the time load event for the current page is fired. If there is no previous page, the duration starts from the time the user agent is ready to fetch the document using an HTTP request. The value is in milliseconds.

  • platform variable: PAGE_LOAD_TIME
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel
  src="https://foo.com/pixel?pageLoadTime=PAGE_LOAD_TIME"
></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${pageLoadTime}
    • Example value: 220

Page View ID

Provides a string that is intended to be random and likely to be unique per URL, user and day.

  • platform variable: PAGE_VIEW_ID
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?pid=PAGE_VIEW_ID"></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${pageViewId}
    • Example value: 978

Page View ID 64

Provides a string that is intended to be random with a high entropy and likely to be unique per URL, user and day.

  • platform variable: PAGE_VIEW_ID_64
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?pid=PAGE_VIEW_ID_64"></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${pageViewId64}
    • Example value: U6XEpUs3yaeQyR2DKATQH1pTZ6kg140fvuLbtl5nynb

Query Parameter

Pulls a value from the provided query string parameter.

  • platform variable: QUERY_PARAM
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?bar=QUERY_PARAM(baz,biz)"></amp-pixel>
    If a baz query string parameter is provided, the corresponding value is inserted into the pixel src; otherwise, the default biz is used.
  • amp-analytics variable: ${queryParam}
    • Example 1: ${queryParam(foo)}: If foo is available, its associated value is returned; otherwise, an empty string is returned.
    • Example 2: ${queryParam(foo,bar)}: if foo is available, its associated value is returned, otherwise bar is returned.
Query Parameter arguments

You can pass the following arguments into the Query Parameter variable like a function. Spaces between arguments and values are not allowed.

  • param (Required): The key for the query string parameter to be inserted.
  • defaultValue (Optional): The value to use if the provided key is not present on the query string. Defaults to an empty value ("").

Random

Provides a random value each time a request is constructed.

  • platform variable: RANDOM
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?RANDOM"></amp-pixel>
    Makes a request to something like https://foo.com/pixel?0.8390278471201 where the $RANDOM value is randomly generated upon each impression.
  • amp-analytics variable: ${random}
    • Example value: 0.12345632345

Redirect Time

Provides the time taken to complete all the redirects before the request for the current page is made. The value is in milliseconds.

  • platform variable: REDIRECT_TIME
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?redirectTime=REDIRECT_TIME"></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${redirectTime}
    • Example value: 0

Request Count

Provides the number of requests sent out from a particular amp-analytics tag. This value can be used to reconstruct the sequence in which requests were sent from a tag. The value starts from 1 and increases monotonically. Note that there may be a gap in requestCount numbers if the request sending fails due to network issues.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${requestCount}
    • Example value: 6

Screen Color Depth

Provides the screen color depth provided by the browser.

  • platform variable: SCREEN_COLOR_DEPTH
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel
  src="https://foo.com/pixel?colorDepth=SCREEN_COLOR_DEPTH"
></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${screenColorDepth}
    • Example value: 24

Screen Height

Provides the screen height in pixels. The value is retrieved from window.screen.height.

  • platform variable: SCREEN_HEIGHT
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?sh=SCREEN_HEIGHT"></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${screenHeight}
    • Example value: 1600

Screen Width

Provides the screen width in pixels. The value is retrieved from window.screen.width.

  • platform variable: SCREEN_WIDTH
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?sw=SCREEN_WIDTH"></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${screenWidth}
    • Example value: 2560

Scroll Height

Provides the total height of the page in pixels.

  • platform variable: SCROLL_HEIGHT
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?scrollHeight=SCROLL_HEIGHT"></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${scrollHeight}
    • Example value: 400

Scroll Left

Provides the number of pixels that the user has scrolled from left.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${scrollLeft}
    • Example value: 100

Scroll Top

Provides the number of pixels that the user has scrolled from top.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${scrollTop}
    • Example value: 0

Scroll Width

Provides the total width of the page in pixels.

  • platform variable: SCROLL_WIDTH
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?scrollWidth=SCROLL_WIDTH"></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${scrollWidth}
    • Example value: 600

Server Response Time

Provides the time taken by the server to start sending the response after it starts receiving the request. The value is in milliseconds.

  • platform variable: SERVER_RESPONSE_TIME
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel
  src="https://foo.com/pixel?serverResponseTime=SERVER_RESPONSE_TIME"
></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${serverResponseTime}
    • Example value: 10

Source URL

Parses and provides the source URL of the current document to the URL.

The source URL is extracted from the proxy URL if the document is being served from a known proxy. Otherwise, the original document URL is returned. For example, if the URL is served via the proxy https://cdn.ampproject.org from the URL https://cdn.ampproject.org/c/s/example.com/page.html, then SOURCE_URL would return https://example.com/page.html.

  • platform variable: SOURCE_URL
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?href=SOURCE_URL"></amp-pixel>
    Makes a request to something like https://foo.com/pixel?href=https%3A%2F%2Frp.liu233w.com%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fpinterest.com%2F.
  • amp-analytics variable: ${sourceUrl}
    • Example value: https%3A%2F%2Frp.liu233w.com%3A443%2Fhttps%2Fpinterest.com%2F

Source Host

Parses and provides the source URL's host. See the description of Source URL for more details.

  • platform variable: SOURCE_HOST
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?host=SOURCE_HOST"></amp-pixel>
    Makes a request to something like https://foo.com/pixel?host=pinterest.com:9000.
  • amp-analytics variable: ${sourceHost}
    • Example value: example.com

Source Hostname

Parses and provides the source URL's hostname. See the description of Source URL for more details.

  • platform variable: SOURCE_HOSTNAME
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?host=SOURCE_HOSTNAME"></amp-pixel>
    Makes a request to something like https://foo.com/pixel?host=pinterest.com.
  • amp-analytics variable: ${sourceHostname}
    • Example value: example.com

Source Path

Parses and provides the source URL's path. See the description of Source URL for more details.

  • platform variable: SOURCE_PATH
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?path=SOURCE_PATH"></amp-pixel>
    Makes a request to something like https://foo.com/pixel?path=%2Fpage2.html.
  • amp-analytics variable: ${sourcePath}
    • Example value: %2Fpage2.html

TCP Connection Time

Provides the time it took for HTTP connection to be setup. The duration includes connection handshake time and SOCKS authentication. The value is in milliseconds.

  • platform variable: TCP_CONNECT_TIME
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel
  src="https://foo.com/pixel?tcpConnectTime=TCP_CONNECT_TIME"
></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${tcpConnectTime}
    • Example value: 10

Title

Provides the title of the current document.

  • platform variable: TITLE
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?title=TITLE"></amp-pixel>
    Makes a request to something like https://foo.com/pixel?title=Breaking%20News.
  • amp-analytics variable: ${title}
    • Example value: The New York Times - Breaking News, World News...

Timestamp

Provides the number of milliseconds that have elapsed since 1970. (Epoch time)

  • platform variable: TIMESTAMP
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?timestamp=TIMESTAMP"></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${timestamp}
    • Example value: 10

Timezone

Provides the user's time-zone offset from UTC, in minutes.

  • platform variable: TIMEZONE
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?tz=TIMEZONE"></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${timezone}

Timezone Code

Provides the user's IANA time-zone code (if available).

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${timezoneCode}
    • Example value: Europe/Rome.

Total Engaged Time

Provides the total time (in seconds) the user has been engaged with the page since the page first became visible in the viewport. Total engaged time will be 0 until the page first becomes visible. This variable requires the amp-analytics extension to be present on the page.

  • platform variable: TOTAL_ENGAGED_TIME
  • amp-analytics variable: ${totalEngagedTime}
    • Example value: 36

Incremental Engaged Time

Provides the time (in seconds) the user has been engaged with the page since the last time it was reset. It takes two arguments. The first is the name of the timer, the second is whether or not to reset it (it is optional and defaults to true). Incremental engaged time will be 0 until the page first becomes visible. This variable requires the amp-analytics extension to be present on the page.

  • platform variable: INCREMENTAL_ENGAGED_TIME
  • amp-analytics variable: ${incrementalEngagedTime(foo,false)}
    • Example value: 36

Total Time

Provides the total time from the time page has become visible to the time a ping was sent out. Only applicable to visible trigger events.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${totalTime}

Total Visible Time

Provides the total time for which the element has met the visibilitySpecconditions at time this ping is sent.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${totalVisibleTime}

Timer Duration

Provides the duration of the triggered timer since last start or interval in milliseconds. For timers stopped before a full interval completes, this will report the partial time.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${timerDuration}

Timer Start Time

Provides the start time of the triggered timer in milliseconds from epoch. Resets only on timer start.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${timerStart}

User Agent

Provides a string representing the user agent of the requesting software, usually tells about user's browser operating system.

  • platform variable: USER_AGENT
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?sh=USER_AGENT"></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${userAgent}
    • Example value: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.1; Win64; x64; rv:47.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/47.0

User Agent Client Hint

Provides the user agent client hint information. Its values are obtained from getHighEntropyValues API. Currently only available on Chromium-based browsers. On an unsupported browser, its value will be an empty string.

  • platform variable: UACH(variableName)
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?sh=UACH(platform)"></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${uach(variableName)}

Vertical Scroll Boundary

Provides the vertical scroll boundary that triggered a scroll event. This variable is only available in a trigger of type scroll. The value of the boundary may be rounded based on the precision supported by the extension. For example, a boundary with value 1 and precision of 5 will result in value of var to be 0.

  • platform variable: N/A
  • amp-analytics variable: ${verticalScrollBoundary}

Viewer

Provides an identifier for the viewer that contains the AMP document. An empty string is provided when the document is loaded directly in the browser or if the id is not found.

  • platform variable: VIEWER
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel src="https://foo.com/pixel?viewer=VIEWER"></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${viewer}
    • Example value: www.google.com

Viewport Height

Provides the viewport height in pixels available for the page rendering. In contrast to AVAILABLE_SCREEN_HEIGHT, this value takes window size and zooming into account.

  • platform variable: VIEWPORT_HEIGHT
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel
  src="https://foo.com/pixel?viewportHeight=VIEWPORT_HEIGHT"
></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${viewportHeight}
    • Example value: 1600

Viewport Width

Provides the viewport width in pixels available for the page rendering. In contrast to AVAILABLE_SCREEN_WIDTH, this value takes window size and zooming into account.

  • platform variable: VIEWPORT_WIDTH
    • Example: 
    <amp-pixel
  src="https://foo.com/pixel?viewportHeight=VIEWPORT_HEIGHT"
></amp-pixel>
  • amp-analytics variable: ${viewportWidth}
    • Example value: 2560

Analytics Advanced Variable Syntax

The following variables are only supported in <amp-analytics>

Default

Used to assign fallback value when the variable is resolved to empty string.

  • Example: $DEFAULT(${var}, fallback)
String substr
  • Example: $SUBSTR(${var}, 1, 4)
Trim
  • Example: $TRIM(${var})
ToLowerCase
  • Example: $TOLOWERCASE(${var})
ToUpperCase
  • Example: $TOUPPERCASE(TITLE)
Not

Used to convert truth-y/false-y value to 'false'/'true' string.

  • Example $NOT(hello) = 'false' and $NOT() = 'true'
Base64
  • Example $BASE64(PAGE_VIEW_ID)
Hash

SHA-384 hash

  • Example: $HASH(PAGE_VIEW_ID)
If

An if statement to choose between values

  • Example: $IF(${var}, value1, value2) resolves to value2 if ${var} resolves to falsey value ('false', '', '0', 'null', 'Nan' or 'undefined'), otherwise will resolve to value1.
Replace

Find an replace all matched pattern.

  • Example: $REPLACE(${var}, matchPattern, replaceStr)
Match

Find the specified (or first) matched pattern.

  • Example: $MATCH(${var}, matchPatter, 0)
Equals
  • Example: $EQUALS(${val}, value) resolves to 'true' or 'false'
Simple Calculations

This macro allows you to perform basic arithmetics like addition, subtraction, multiplication and division.

Parameters:

  • leftOperand : A variable or a literal that resolves to a number or, a number string.
  • rightOperand : A variable or a literal that resolves to a number or, a number string.
  • operation : A literal. One of add, subtract, multiply, divide.
  • round : An optional flag. If truthy, the result will be rounded.

Example: $CALC(${cumulativeLayoutShift}, 1000, multiply, true)