pelko

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Finnish

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *pelko. Equivalent to pelätä (“to fear, dread”) +‎ -o.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ˈpelko/, [ˈpe̞lko̞]
  • Rhymes: -elko
  • Syllabification(key): pel‧ko

Noun

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pelko

  1. fear, dread

Declension

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Inflection of pelko (Kotus type 1*D/valo, k-∅ gradation)
nominative pelko pelot
genitive pelon pelkojen
partitive pelkoa pelkoja
illative pelkoon pelkoihin
singular plural
nominative pelko pelot
accusative nom. pelko pelot
gen. pelon
genitive pelon pelkojen
partitive pelkoa pelkoja
inessive pelossa peloissa
elative pelosta peloista
illative pelkoon pelkoihin
adessive pelolla peloilla
ablative pelolta peloilta
allative pelolle peloille
essive pelkona pelkoina
translative peloksi peloiksi
abessive pelotta peloitta
instructive — peloin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of pelko (Kotus type 1*D/valo, k-∅ gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative pelkoni pelkoni
accusative nom. pelkoni pelkoni
gen. pelkoni
genitive pelkoni pelkojeni
partitive pelkoani pelkojani
inessive pelossani peloissani
elative pelostani peloistani
illative pelkooni pelkoihini
adessive pelollani peloillani
ablative peloltani peloiltani
allative pelolleni peloilleni
essive pelkonani pelkoinani
translative pelokseni peloikseni
abessive pelottani peloittani
instructive — —
comitative — pelkoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative pelkosi pelkosi
accusative nom. pelkosi pelkosi
gen. pelkosi
genitive pelkosi pelkojesi
partitive pelkoasi pelkojasi
inessive pelossasi peloissasi
elative pelostasi peloistasi
illative pelkoosi pelkoihisi
adessive pelollasi peloillasi
ablative peloltasi peloiltasi
allative pelollesi peloillesi
essive pelkonasi pelkoinasi
translative peloksesi peloiksesi
abessive pelottasi peloittasi
instructive — —
comitative — pelkoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative pelkomme pelkomme
accusative nom. pelkomme pelkomme
gen. pelkomme
genitive pelkomme pelkojemme
partitive pelkoamme pelkojamme
inessive pelossamme peloissamme
elative pelostamme peloistamme
illative pelkoomme pelkoihimme
adessive pelollamme peloillamme
ablative peloltamme peloiltamme
allative pelollemme peloillemme
essive pelkonamme pelkoinamme
translative peloksemme peloiksemme
abessive pelottamme peloittamme
instructive — —
comitative — pelkoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative pelkonne pelkonne
accusative nom. pelkonne pelkonne
gen. pelkonne
genitive pelkonne pelkojenne
partitive pelkoanne pelkojanne
inessive pelossanne peloissanne
elative pelostanne peloistanne
illative pelkoonne pelkoihinne
adessive pelollanne peloillanne
ablative peloltanne peloiltanne
allative pelollenne peloillenne
essive pelkonanne pelkoinanne
translative peloksenne peloiksenne
abessive pelottanne peloittanne
instructive — —
comitative — pelkoinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative pelkonsa pelkonsa
accusative nom. pelkonsa pelkonsa
gen. pelkonsa
genitive pelkonsa pelkojensa
partitive pelkoaan
pelkoansa 		pelkojaan
pelkojansa
inessive pelossaan
pelossansa 		peloissaan
peloissansa
elative pelostaan
pelostansa 		peloistaan
peloistansa
illative pelkoonsa pelkoihinsa
adessive pelollaan
pelollansa 		peloillaan
peloillansa
ablative peloltaan
peloltansa 		peloiltaan
peloiltansa
allative pelolleen
pelollensa 		peloilleen
peloillensa
essive pelkonaan
pelkonansa 		pelkoinaan
pelkoinansa
translative pelokseen
peloksensa 		peloikseen
peloiksensa
abessive pelottaan
pelottansa 		peloittaan
peloittansa
instructive — —
comitative — pelkoineen
pelkoinensa

Derived terms

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adjectives
verbs
compounds

Further reading

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Anagrams

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Ingrian

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *pelko, equivalent to pölätä (“to fear”) +‎ -o. Cognates include Finnish pelko and dialectal Estonian pelg.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pelko

  1. fear
    pelko on ― it's scary to (literally, “there is a fear to”)

Declension

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Declension of pelko (type 4/koivu, k- gradation)
singular plural
nominative pelko pelot
genitive pelon pelkoin, pelkoloin
partitive pelkoa pelkoja, pelkoloja
illative pelkoo pelkoi, pelkoloihe
inessive pelos pelois, pelkolois
elative pelost peloist, pelkoloist
allative pelolle peloille, pelkoloille
adessive pelol peloil, pelkoloil
ablative pelolt peloilt, pelkoloilt
translative peloks peloiks, pelkoloiks
essive pelkonna, pelkoon pelkoinna, pelkoloinna, pelkoin, pelkoloin
exessive1) pelkont pelkoint, pelkoloint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

References

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  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 396

Votic

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Etymology

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From Proto-Finnic *pelko.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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pelko

  1. fear
  2. sore or sensitive spot

Inflection

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Declension of pelko (type II/võrkko, k-g gradation)
singular plural
nominative pelko pelgod
genitive pelgo pelkojõ, pelkoi
partitive pelkoa pelkoitõ, pelkoi
illative pelkosõ, pelko pelkoisõ
inessive pelgoz pelkoiz
elative pelgossõ pelkoissõ
allative pelgolõ pelkoilõ
adessive pelgollõ pelkoillõ
ablative pelgoltõ pelkoiltõ
translative pelgossi pelkoissi
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive.
***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

References

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  • Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “pelko”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn
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