acht

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See also: Acht, ächt, åcht, and -acht

Alemannic German

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cardinal number
8 Previous: sibe
Next: nüün

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Old High German ahto, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu. Cognate with German acht, Dutch acht, English eight, Swedish åtta.

Pronunciation

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Numeral

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acht

  1. eight

Bavarian

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Bavarian numbers (edit)
[a], [b], [c] ←  7 8 9  → [a], [b]
    Cardinal: acht, åcht, åchte

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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From Middle High German ahte, from Old High German ahto, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ɑxt/
    • Audio:(file)

Numeral

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acht

  1. eight

Cimbrian

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Numeral

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acht

  1. attributive form of achte
    acht óarneight o'clock (literally, “eight hours”)

Czech

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Etymology

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Inherited from Old Czech acht, possibly from Middle High German āhte.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ˈaxt]
  • Hyphenation: acht

Noun

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acht m inan

  1. (archaic) anathema
    Synonym: klatba

Declension

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Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • acht”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
  • acht”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989

Dutch

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Dutch Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nl

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Dutch achte, acht, from Old Dutch ahto, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.

Numeral

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Dutch numbers (edit)
80
 ←  7 8 9  → 
    Cardinal: acht
    Ordinal: achtste

acht

  1. eight
Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Afrikaans: agt, ag
  • Berbice Creole Dutch: akti
  • Jersey Dutch: āxt
  • Negerhollands: acht, agt, ak
  • Skepi Creole Dutch: akt
  • Sranan Tongo: acht

Etymology 2

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From Middle Dutch achte, from Old Dutch *ahta, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtu.

Noun

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acht f (uncountable)

  1. attention, heed
Derived terms
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Descendants
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  • Afrikaans: ag

Verb

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acht

  1. inflection of achten:
    1. first/second/third-person singular present indicative
    2. imperative

Etymology 3

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From Middle Dutch achte, from Old Dutch *āhta, from Proto-Germanic *anhtō.

Noun

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acht f (uncountable)

  1. (historical, chiefly obsolete) banishment, ostracism
    Synonyms: ban, verbanning, vogelvrijverklaring
Usage notes
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  • At least the compound rijksacht is still attestable in contemporary historical writing alongside rijksban.

Anagrams

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Dutch Low Saxon

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Etymology

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From Old Saxon ahto, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu. Cognate to German Low German acht, German acht, Dutch acht.

Numeral

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acht

  1. (in many (all?) dialects) eight (8)

German

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German numbers (edit)
80
 ←  7 8 9  → 
    Cardinal: acht
    Ordinal: achte
    Sequence adverb: achtens
    Ordinal abbreviation: 8.
    Adverbial: achtmal
    Adverbial abbreviation: 8-mal
    Multiplier: achtfach
    Multiplier abbreviation: 8-fach
    Fractional: Achtel
    Polygon: Achteck
    Polygon abbreviation: 8-Eck
    Polygonal adjective: achteckig
    Polygonal adjective abbreviation: 8-eckig

Etymology

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From Middle High German ahte, from Old High German ahto, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.

Compare Dutch acht, English eight, Danish otte, Swedish åtta, Greek οκτώ (októ), Latin octō.

Pronunciation

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Numeral

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acht

  1. (cardinal number) eight (numerical value represented by the Arabic numeral 8; or describing a set with eight elements)

Coordinate terms

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Derived terms

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Further reading

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  • acht” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache
  • acht” in Uni Leipzig: Wortschatz-Lexikon
  • acht” in Duden online
  • acht on the German Wikipedia.Wikipedia de

German Low German

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German Low German cardinal numbers
 <  7 8 9  > 
    Cardinal : acht
    Ordinal : acht

Etymology

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From Middle Low German achte, from Old Saxon ahto. Cognate to Dutch Low Saxon acht, German acht, Dutch acht.

Numeral

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acht

  1. (in many dialects, including Eastern Pomeranian, Low Prussian) eight (8)

Coordinate terms

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Numeral

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acht

  1. (Eastern Pomeranian in Brazil) eighth (8th)

References

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  • Der neue SASS: Plattdeutsches Wörterbuch, Plattdeutsch - Hochdeutsch, Hochdeutsch - Plattdeutsch. Plattdeutsche Rechtschreibung, sixth revised edition (2011, →ISBN, Wachholtz Verlag, Neumünster)
  • Gertjan Postma, A Contrastive Grammar of Brazilian Pomeranian (Linguistik Aktuell / Linguistics Today, vol. 248), 2019, p. 97 & 99

Hunsrik

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Hunsrik numbers (edit)
80
 ←  7 8 9  → 
    Cardinal: acht
    Ordinal: acht
    Fractional: Achtel

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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Inherited from Central Franconian aacht, from Middle High German ahte, from Old High German ahto, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu.[1]

Cognate with German acht and Luxembourgish aacht.

Numeral

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acht

  1. eight
    Sie hon acht Kinner.
    They have eight children.

Etymology 2

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Inherited from Middle High German ahtede, from Old High German ahtodo, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtudō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtudô.[1]

Cognate with German achte and Luxembourgish aacht.

Adjective

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acht

  1. eighth
Declension
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Declension of acht (see also Appendix:Hunsrik adjectives)
masculine feminine neuter plural
Weak inflection nominative acht acht acht achte
accusative achte acht acht achte
dative achte achte achte achte
Strong inflection nominative achter achte achtes achte
accusative achte achte achtes achte
dative achtem achter achtem achte

References

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  1. 1.0 1.1 Piter Kehoma Boll (2021) “acht”, in Dicionário Hunsriqueano Riograndense–Português (in Portuguese), 3rd edition, Ivoti: Riograndenser Hunsrickisch, page 8

Irish

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Etymology 1

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From Middle Irish acht, from Latin āctus.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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acht m (genitive singular achta, nominative plural achtanna)

  1. decree, enactment
  2. compact
  3. condition
Declension
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Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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From Old Irish acht.

Pronunciation

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Conjunction

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acht

  1. Obsolete spelling of ach (but).

Preposition

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acht (plus nominative, triggers no mutation)

  1. Obsolete spelling of ach (except, but).

Adverb

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acht

  1. Obsolete spelling of ach (but, only, merely).

Etymology 3

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Likely from etymology 2.

Pronunciation

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Noun

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acht m (genitive singular achta)

  1. doubt, uncertainty
Declension
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Mutation

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Irish mutation
Radical Eclipsis with h-prothesis with t-prothesis
acht n-acht hacht t-acht
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

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Middle Dutch

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Pronunciation

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Numeral

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acht

  1. Alternative form of achte

Old Czech

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Etymology

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Possibly from borrowed from Middle High German āhte (compare German outlawry, sworn enmity).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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acht m inan

  1. anathema

Declension

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Derived terms

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Descendants

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Further reading

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Old Irish

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Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Proto-Celtic *extos (except, but), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁eǵʰsto- (out), from *h₁eǵʰs. Cognate with Ancient Greek ἐκτός (ektós, outside).

Alternative forms

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Conjunction

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acht

  1. but
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 7d10
      Mógi sidi uili do Día; acht do·rigénsat in descipuil dechor etarru et déu diib: is hed on ɔsecha-som hic.
      They are all servants to God; but the disciples had made a distinction between them and (made) gods of them; that is what he corrects here.
  2. provided (that) (followed by ro- and the subjunctive mood of the verb)
    • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 23b24
      Ní imned lim act rop Críst pridches et imme·ráda cách.
      It is not tribulation for me provided that it is Christ on whom everyone preaches and meditates.
  3. (followed by a nasalizing relative clause) except that
    • c. 845, St Gall Glosses on Priscian, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1975, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. II, pp. 49–224, Sg. 137b5
      Fa·didmed aicned, acht dond·ecmaiṅg anísiu.
      Nature would have allowed it, except that this happens.

For more quotations using this term, see Citations:acht.

Descendants
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Etymology 2

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See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

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·acht

  1. inflection of aigid:
    1. third-person singular preterite conjunct
    2. passive singular preterite conjunct

Mutation

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Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
·acht
(pronounced with /h/ in h-prothesis environments)
unchanged ·n-acht
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading

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Pennsylvania German

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Pennsylvania German cardinal numbers
 <  7 8 9  > 
    Cardinal : acht
    Ordinal : acht
Pennsylvania German ordinal numbers
 <  7 8 9  > 
    Cardinal : acht
    Ordinal : acht

Pronunciation

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Etymology 1

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From Middle High German ahte, from Old High German ahto. Compare German acht, Dutch acht, English eight.

Numeral

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acht

  1. eight

Etymology 2

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Compare German achte, Dutch achtste, English eighth.

Adjective

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acht

  1. eighth

Numeral

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acht

  1. eighth

West Frisian

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West Frisian cardinal numbers
 <  7 8 9  > 
    Cardinal : acht
    Ordinal : achtste

Etymology

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From Old Frisian achta, from Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.

Pronunciation

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Numeral

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acht

  1. eight

Further reading

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  • acht (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

Noun

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acht c (plural achten, diminutive achtsje)

  1. eight

Further reading

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  • acht (I)”, in Wurdboek fan de Fryske taal (in Dutch), 2011

Zealandic

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Etymology

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From Middle Dutch achte, acht, from Old Dutch ahto, from Frankish and Proto-West Germanic *ahtō, from Proto-Germanic *ahtōu, from Proto-Indo-European *oḱtṓw.

Numeral

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acht

  1. eight

Zipser German

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Numeral

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acht

  1. Alternative form of åcht